Costco Corp. plans to take a tougher line on the sharing of membership cards.
The bulk retailer intends to ask customers to show photo identification in addition to a Costco COST, +1.32%
membership card when going through the self-checkout process. The Dallas Morning News first reported on the development last week.
A Costco spokesperson emphasized that the company’s policy isn’t changing, as the it always required membership cards at checkout. With the rise of self checkout, however, the company has noticed non-members using cards that don’t belong to them.
“We don’t feel it’s right that non-members receive the same benefits and pricing as our members,” a Costco spokesperson said.
The company indicated on its last earnings call that it was likely to hold off on increasing its membership fees, even as an analyst suggested Costco would appear to have room for a hike.
“Our view right now is that we’ve got enough levers out there to drive business,” Chief Financial Officer Richard Galanti said on the earnings call, although his view is that Costco would be able to increase fees if it wanted to without meaningfully crimping renewal or signup rates.
Costco offers Gold Star and Business memberships for $60 each annually, as well as an Executive membership that costs $120. That higher tier of membership gives consumers a 2% reward on qualifying purchases from the company, among other benefits.
Costco joins Netflix Inc. NFLX, +0.27%
in clamping down on what the companies see as an abuse of membership privileges. The streaming service has moved recently to rein in account-sharing by viewers in different households, requiring either that freeloaders pay for their own accounts or that account holders pay extra to add additional viewers.
The INFORM Consumers Act, which went into effect Tuesday, aims to limit the sales of stolen and counterfeit products on e-commerce platforms.
The measure, which requires e-commerce sites to verify and disclose information about their high-volume third-party sellers, was passed into law following a lobbying campaign to address counterfeit products after being left out of the bipartisan Chips and Science Act last year.
All online marketplaces, including eBay, Etsy, Poshmark and Amazon’s third-party sales platform, will now be required to collect information from high-volume sellers, defined as those selling 200 items or more totaling at least $5,000 over the previous 12 months. These third-party sellers must submit information such as a government-issued ID, a bank-account number, a working email address and phone number, and a taxpayer identification number.
Customers will also be able to find the verified contact information for bigger third-party sellers — those with sales of over $20,000 a year — and to get in touch with them outside of the e-commerce platform. In the past, consumers often had to engage within the platform operator in order to communicate with a seller.
Those bigger sellers will also have their full names and physical addresses listed on their product pages in addition to their contact information, according to the Federal Trade Commission’s business guide.
“This is a game changer,” said Teresa Murray, director of the consumer watchdog office at U.S. PIRG, a nonprofit that lobbies on behalf of the public interest. “For bad guys, stealing items has generally been the difficult part. Selling things online once you’ve stolen them is easy. We hope that with the INFORM Act, it’s not nearly as easy in the future.”
“‘The only people opposing this may be thieves.’”
— Teresa Murray, U.S. PIRG
The act goes into effect just weeks before Amazon Prime Day, when the world’s biggest e-commerce site rolls out discounts for Prime members. This year, Prime Day will be held over two days, on July 11 and 12.
Several e-commerce platforms, including Amazon and eBay, supported the INFORM Consumers Act. TechNet, a national network of technology CEOs and senior executives representing what it calls the innovation economy, wrote to leaders in Congress last December, saying the law would improve consumer safety and increase transparency.
In a statement provided to MarketWatch, eBay EBAY, +2.32%
said it “fully supports transparency and is committed to a safe selling and buying experience for our customers. We were proud to support” the law “to protect consumers from bad actors who seek to misuse online marketplaces, while also ensuring important protections for sellers. We are fully prepared to comply with the new law.”
Etsy ETSY, +3.45%
said it “has long been supportive of the INFORM Act passing into law, as a balanced and thoughtful approach to make the ecommerce landscape safer for both consumers and sellers.” In a statement provided to MarketWatch, the company said, “We are taking appropriate steps to comply with the INFORM Act requirements.”
Amazon AMZN, +1.45%
and Poshmark, owned by South Korea–based Naver Corp. 035420, -0.59%,
did not immediately respond to MarketWatch requests for comment.
Some analysts, however, said the new law lacks stronger protections that were included the SHOP SAFE Act, an earlier bill that did not get passed by Congress. The INFORM Act, they noted, does not hold online platforms liable when a third party sells harmful counterfeit products or when the platform has not followed certain best practices.
“Notably, the legislation is supported by Amazon and other marketplaces as it’s seen as a watered-down bill that would head off more stringent legislation like the SHOP SAFE Act,” Ben Koltun, director of research at Beacon Policy Advisors, wrote in a note last year.
So how can consumers spot counterfeit or stolen items? A guide from PIRG has tips, such as keeping an eye out for products with suspiciously low prices or featuring misspellings or mislabeling or low-quality, photoshopped photos in their listings.
PIRG also cautions consumers about purchasing medications online. Always check the legitimacy of online pharmacies, it says.
“Many online marketplaces haven’t been doing enough to protect consumers from sellers who appear to be peddling stolen or counterfeit goods,” Murray said. “The only people opposing this [new law] may be thieves.”
That’s a notion that has long fueled hope for many of the more than 40% of Americans who are considered obese — and fueled criticism by those who advocate for wider weight acceptance. Soon, it may be a reality.
High-dose oral versions of the medication in the weight-loss drug Wegovy may work as well as the popular injections when it comes to paring pounds and improving health, according to final results of two studies released Sunday night. The potent tablets also appear to work for people with diabetes, who notoriously struggle to lose weight.
Drugmaker Novo Nordisk NOVO.B, +0.22%
plans to ask the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to approve the pills later this year.
“If you ask people a random question, ‘Would you rather take a pill or an injection?’ People overwhelmingly prefer a pill,” said Dr. Daniel Bessesen, chief of endocrinology at Denver Health, who treats patients with obesity but was not involved in the new research.
That’s assuming, Bessesen said, that both ways to take the medications are equally effective, available and affordable. “Those are the most important factors for people,” he said.
There have been other weight-loss pills on the market, but none that achieve the substantial reductions seen with injected drugs like Wegovy. People with obesity will be “thrilled” to have an oral option that’s as effective, said Dr. Katherine Saunders, clinical professor of medicine at Weill Cornell Health and co-founder of Intellihealth, a weight-loss center.
Novo Nordisk already sells Rybelsus, which is approved to treat diabetes and is an oral version of semaglutide, the same medication used in the diabetes drug Ozempic and Wegovy. It comes in doses up to 14 milligrams.
But results of two gold-standard trials released at the American Diabetes Association’s annual meeting looked at how doses of oral semaglutide as high as 25 milligrams and 50 milligrams worked to reduce weight and improve blood sugar and other health markers.
A 16-month study of about 1,600 people who were overweight or obese and already being treated for Type 2 diabetes found the high-dose daily pills lowered blood sugar significantly better than the standard dose of Rybelsus. From a baseline weight of 212 pounds, the higher doses also resulted in weight loss of between 15 and 20 pounds, compared to about 10 pounds on the lower dose.
Another 16-month study of more than 660 adults who had obesity or were overweight with at least one related disease — but not diabetes — found the 50-milligram daily pill helped people lose an average of about 15% of their body weight, or about 35 pounds, versus about 6 pounds with a dummy pill, or placebo.
That’s “notably consistent” with the weight loss spurred by weekly shots of the highest dose of Wegovy, the study authors said.
But there were side effects. About 80% of participants receiving any size dose of oral semaglutide experienced things like mild to moderate intestinal problems, such as nausea, constipation and diarrhea.
In the 50-milligram obesity trial, there was evidence of higher rates of benign tumors in people who took the drug versus a placebo. In addition, about 13% of those who took the drug had “altered skin sensation” such as tingling or extra sensitivity.
Medical experts predict the pills will be popular, especially among people who want to lose weight but are fearful of needles. Plus, tablets would be more portable than injection pens and they don’t have to be stored in the refrigerator.
But the pills aren’t necessarily a better option for the hundreds of thousands of people already taking injectable versions such as Ozempic or Wegovy, said Dr. Fatima Cody Stanford, an obesity medicine expert at Massachusetts General Hospital.
“I don’t find significant hesitancy surrounding receiving an injection,” she said. “A lot of people like the ease of taking a medication once a week.”
In addition, she said, some patients may actually prefer shots to the new pills, which have to be taken 30 minutes before eating or drinking in the morning.
Paul Morer, 56, who works for a New Jersey hospital system, lost 85 pounds using Wegovy and hopes to lose 30 more. He said he would probably stick with the weekly injections, even if pills were available.
“I do it on Saturday morning. It’s part of my routine,” he said. “I don’t even feel the needle. It’s a non-issue.”
Some critics also worry that a pill will also put pressure on people who are obese to use it, fueling social stigma against people who can’t — or don’t want to — lose weight, said Tigress Osborn, chair of the National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance.
“There is no escape from the narrative that your body is wrong and it should change,” Osborn said.
Still, Novo Nordisk is banking on the popularity of a higher-dose pill to treat both diabetes and obesity. Sales of Rybelsus reached about $1.63 billion last year, more than double the 2021 figure.
Other companies are working on oral versions of drugs that work as well as Eli Lilly and Co.’s LLY, +0.25%
Mounjaro — an injectable diabetes drug expected to be approved for weight-loss soon. Lilly researchers reported promising mid-stage trial results for an oral pill called orforglipron to treat patients who are obese or overweight with and without diabetes.
Pfizer PFE, -1.11%,
too, has released mid-stage results for dangulgipron, an oral drug for diabetes taken twice daily with food.
Novo Nordisk officials said it’s too early to say what the cost of the firm’s high-dose oral pills would be or how the company plans to guarantee adequate manufacturing capacity to meet to demand. Despite surging popularity, injectable doses of Wegovy will be in short supply until at least September, company officials said.
This version corrects the manufacturing PMI data which fell to a six-month low of 46.3 in June from 48.4 in the prior month.
The numbers: The S&P Global “flash” U.S. service sector activity index fell to a 54.1 in June from 54.9 in the prior month, a two-month low.
Economists surveyed by the Wall Street Journal has forecast a reading of 53.3.
The S&P Global “flash” U.S. manufacturing sector index, meanwhile, slid to a six-month low of 46.3 from 48.4 in May. Economists had expected a 49 reading.
Key details: In the services sector, new orders increased at a strong rate in June. The pace of expansion was close to May’s 13-month high.
On the other hand, manufacturers recorded the fastest rate of contraction in new orders since last December. They linked the drop to muted consumer confidence. Foreign client demand was also subdued.
Inflation was seen as moderating. The overall rate of selling prices for goods and services dropped to the lowest level since late 2020.
Big picture: The S&P PMIs try to look ahead at the health of the economy, a critical question with even Federal Reserve officials saying that the outlook for the U.S. is hidden in a fog.
A composite output index from S&P showed the fifth straight month of increases in private sector activity.
What S&P Global said: “The overall rate of expansion of business activity in the US remained robust in June, consistent with GDP rising at a rate of 1.7% to put second quarter growth in the region of 2%,” said Chris Williamson, chief business economist at S&P Global.
SPX, -0.77%
opened lower on Friday on talk of more interest rate hikes from global central banks. The yield on the 10-year Treasury note TMUBMUSD10Y, 3.741%
fell to 3.72%.
Signing up for Amazon Prime is as easy as 1-2-3. Canceling it, not so much.
For years, up until this past April, the online retail giant made customers trying to quit its signature service navigate an odyssey through a labyrinthine system called the “Iliad Flow” named after the epically long and complex masterwork by the Greek poet Homer.
According to a civil lawsuit filed Wednesday by the Federal Trade Commission, Amazon customers were required to make their way through a four-page, six-click, 15-option process to stop paying for the service. One wrong click, and they were sent back to the beginning, the lawsuit said.
The FTC noted that Amazon AMZN, +3.69%
maintained the multistep process even though new subscribers in the U.S. to $14.99-a-month or $139-a-year Prime accounts needed only one or two clicks. And even though subscribers could sign up on a multitude of devices, they could only cancel using their desktop computer or mobile phone or by calling customer service.
The FTC suit also accused Amazon of manipulating millions of customers into inadvertently signing up for Prime and then hitting them with automatic renewals without warning.
Amazon has dismissed the charges as misguided, adding that the lawsuit is legally and factually inaccurate. It has vowed to fight the FTC.
The FTC said in court papers that Amazon created the complex “Iliad Flow” exit strategy in 2016 and kept it in place until April of this year, when it caught wind that the agency was preparing to file a lawsuit about the practice.
During that time frame, Amazon quadrupled the number of global Prime subscribers from around 50 million to more than 200 million. The program brings around $25 billion into Amazon’s coffers every year.
The suit described an allegedly maddening process for a customer to actually cancel a subscription.
To start, a subscriber first had to find the “Iliad Flow,” which was not made easy, the FTC suit said. A customer had to select the “accounts and list” dropdown menu, navigate to the third column and then select the eleventh option there: Prime Membership.
That would bring the customer to the Prime Central page. There, one would have to click the “manage membership” button to trigger options that finally included an “end membership” button. But that was only the beginning.
Only after clicking “end membership” would the customer enter the “Iliad Flow” process. From there, a customer would need to navigate three more pages, each with a multitude of options, to finally complete canceling the subscription.
This is one of several web pages a Prime customer would need to navigate in order to cancel the service, the FTC said.
Federal Trade Commission
On the first page, customers were forced to “take a look back at [their] journey with Prime” — a kind of greatest-hits reel of Prime services used over the years. The page was also loaded with marketing material for a multitude of Prime services, with links reading: “Start shopping today’s deals!” and “You can start watching videos by clicking here!” or “Start listening now!”
One wrong click would knock the subscriber out of the “Iliad Flow.”
If the subscriber managed to navigate to the bottom of the page, he or she would finally find a “continue to cancel” button. That would take them to Page 2.
According to the FTC, that page would present the customer with a number of discount options, such as switching from monthly to annual payments, or taking advantage of student discounts or discounts for people on government assistance. The page also included warning icons and links stating: “Items tied to your Prime membership will be affected if you cancel your membership,” and “By canceling, you will no longer be eligible for your unclaimed Prime exclusive offers.”
Clicking on any of those would take the subscriber out of the “Iliad Flow.”
At the bottom of that page was another “continue to cancel” button, which would take the user to Page 3.
If you managed to get to this page, you were only six options away from actually being able to quit Amazon’s Prime service, the FTC suit said.
Federal Trade Commission
On this final page, a customer was presented with five options, only the last of which — “end now” — would actually allow the subscription to be canceled. The other options included pausing the subscription or canceling its auto-renewal function. Pressing any of the four other choices would bring the user out of the “Iliad Flow.” They would have to start over if they wanted to continue.
Only after successfully navigating this maze of web pages would the customer be allowed to actually cancel the service.
The suit said this process caused cancellations to drop significantly.
This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. To order presentation-ready copies for distribution to your colleagues, clients or customers visit http://www.djreprints.com.
STOCKHOLM–Sweden’s H&M Hennes & Mauritz on Thursday reported fiscal second-quarter sales that were slightly below expectations.
The fashion retailer said sales for the quarter ended May 31 increased by 6% on year to 57.62 billion Swedish kronor ($5.38 billion), while net sales in local currencies were “flattish”.
That’s the practice by many S&P 500 food and consumer companies of raising prices to protect what a new report calls their “cushioned corporate profits,” and it has enabled them to boost margins through the current inflationary period.
Companies including Kimberly-Clark Corp. KMB, -0.45%,
PepsiCo Inc. PEP, -0.18%,
General Mills Inc. GIS, -0.88%
and Tyson Foods Inc. TSN, -0.36%
have on recent earnings calls touted their ability to raise prices, earning tidy profits and rewarding their shareholders as they go, according to the report from Accountable.US, a liberal-leaning consumer-advocacy group.
And they have signaled their intention to continue to take “price actions” even as the Federal Reserve has hiked interest rates an unprecedented 10 times in an effort to tame inflation.
“Higher interest rates haven’t stopped S&P companies, especially in the big food industry, from raising consumer prices despite reporting billions in extra net earnings and over a trillion dollars in new giveaways to wealthy investors,” said Liz Zelnick, director of economic security and corporate power at Accountable.US.
“Corporate greed is a stubborn thing and requires serious action from Congress. The Fed has not seen an adequate return on its investment in a policy that has already created fissures in the economy that could lead to recession. It’s just not worth it,” she said.
Accountable.US is not alone in calling out price hikes on essentials including food. Walmart Inc. WMT, +0.73%
is also unhappy with packaged-food companies that have steadily raised prices in dry grocery and consumable goods, according to a recent report from research company CFRA.
“Given Walmart’s enormous bargaining power over its suppliers, we expect the retail giant to push back on further price increases from its packaged-food suppliers,” he said. That is expected to hurt margins, especially if volume growth does not recover.
May inflation data released Tuesday found that food prices were up 0.2% from April, after remaining flat for the previous two months. Food prices are up 6.7% over the last year. The food-at-home index is up 5.8% over the last year, while the index for cereals and bakery products is up 10.7%.
Food prices started to rise about two years ago, when supply-chain issues and higher fuel and commodity prices led companies to pass some of those costs on to customers.
But companies appear determined to raise prices even more, despite a decline in shipping and gas costs. Gasoline was down 5.6% in May from April and fuel oil fell 7.7%, according to consumer-price-index figures.
Kimberly-Clark executives told analysts on its recent earnings call that the company is able to “rapidly implement broad pricing actions” and acknowledged that “pricing has continued to be a big driver behind our top-line growth.”
The company’s first-quarter earnings topped expectations and it raised guidance for the full year. That’s after it raised prices by 10% for a second straight quarter, driving margins wider by 340 basis points.
Shareholders were rewarded to the tune of $425 million during the quarter, the Accountable.US report notes.
However, he said, “obviously, there are some markets, highly inflationary markets around the world, where we might have to take additional pricing. If you think about Argentina, Turkey, Egypt — those kinds of markets where the currencies are suffering. But the majority of our pricing is already done,” he said, according to a FactSet transcript.
PepsiCo’s 2022 earnings rose 16.9% to nearly $9 billion, and it spent more than $7.6 billion on stock buybacks and dividends, with the former up 1,313% from 2021.
General Mills, meanwhile, bragged about “getting smart about how we look at pricing” on its recent call. The parent of brands including Cheerios, Nature Valley, Blue Buffalo pet products and Pillsbury raised its fiscal 2023 guidance in February.
And Tyson executives touted the “significant pricing power of our portfolio with a year-over-year increase of 7.6%.” Tyson’s latest quarter included a surprise loss, as it was hit by weak demand for meat, along with plant closures and job cuts.
But Tyson had net income of over $3.2 billion in 2022, up from $3 billion in 2021, and it rewarded shareholders with $1.35 billion in buybacks and dividends.
For Accountable.US, it’s more compelling evidence that the Fed’s rate-hike strategy “has failed to root out one of the main drivers of inflation and should give the [Federal Open Market Committee] pause before lifting rates again this week to the detriment of jobs and the economy.”
The Consumer Staples Select Sector SPDR exchange-traded fund XLP, +0.36%
has fallen 1.6% to date in 2023, while the SPDR S&P Retail ETF XRT, +1.89%
has gained 4.6%. The S&P 500 SPX, +0.62%
has gained 13% in the same period.
GameStop Corp. fired Chief Executive Matthew Furlong on Wednesday and said that its board had elected activist investor Ryan Cohen as its executive chairman, effective immediately.
Shares of the videogame retailer and meme stock sank 19% after hours following the brief press release detailing the move. That release did not offer a reason for Furlong’s firing and was made shortly ahead of the chain’s quarterly results.
GameStop GME, +5.75%,
in its earnings release, said it would not be holding a conference call to discuss those results. But in a filing detailing those financials, the company said Cohen’s leadership would be good for shareholders.
“We believe the combination of these efforts to stabilize and optimize our core business and achieve sustained profitability while also focusing on capital allocation under Mr. Cohen’s leadership will further unlock long-term value creation for our stockholders,” GameStop said.
Cohen, the co-founder and former CEO of online pet-supplies retailer Chewy Inc. CHWY, -4.10%,
became GameStop’s board chairman in 2021, after joining the board that year and building up a stake in the company earlier. His influence at the company, as the Wall Street Journal reported in 2021, led to feuding with management and an explosion in popularity among the meme traders who helped launch GameStop’s stock higher. He also amassed and then sold off a stake in Bed Bath & Beyond, the home-goods retailer that is in the process of closing up shop.
GameStop announced the move on Wednesday as it struggles to put up a consistent profit and tries to cut costs. Under Cohen’s control, the company has redoubled its focus on physical stores — as more of the gaming industry becomes more online and mobile — after initially making a bigger push toward e-commerce.
GameStop, in a separate filing on Wednesday, said Cohen’s responsibilities would include “capital allocation, evaluating potential investments and acquisitions, and overseeing the managers of the company’s holdings.”
In that filing, GameStop said that Furlong was fired without cause. According to his offer letter in 2021, Furlong is due any unvested stock that would have vested in the next six months. According to the terms outlined in that letter, Furlong would have been eligible to receive nearly $2.5 million in stock in August. He’ll also receive $100,000 in base salary. The filing also said Furlong had resigned as a company director.
The company also said it appointed Mark Robinson as its general manager and principal executive officer. Robinson has worked as vice president and general counsel at the company since January 2022, and held other roles at GameStop since 2015, the filing said.
GameStop also said it appointed Alain Attal as the lead independent director of the board and dissolved the Strategic Planning and Capital Allocation Committee.
For its first quarter, GameStop reported a net loss of $50.5 million, or 17 cents a share — far narrower than the $157.9 million, or 52 cents a share, in the same quarter last year. Net sales were $1.24 billion, down from $1.38 billion in the prior-year quarter. GameStop ended the quarter with cash and cash equivalents of $1.06 billion.
Popular videogames, such as “The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom” and “Hogwarts Legacy,” seem likely to help GameStop’s sales up ahead. And the company has cut costs in an effort to improve profitability.
The company reported a profit in the prior quarter, helped by holiday-season demand. Still, the two analysts polled by FactSet don’t expect another profitable quarter until this year’s holiday quarter.
Wedbush analyst Michael Pachter, in a note last week, noted that broader challenges for the retailer include “a shift towards digital, mobile and subscription software (and away from the traditional packaged business).”
GameStop shares are down 29% over the past 12 months. By comparison, the S&P 500 Index SPX, -0.38%
is up 2.7% over that period.
Target Corp.’s stock is up 0.1% Friday after snapping its longest losing streak in 23 years amid an anti-LGBTQ+ backlash against the retail giant.
The stock ended Thursday’s session up 0.2% to snap the losing streak. Target TGT, +1.57%
shares had ended Wednesday’s session down 2.2%, marking their ninth consecutive decline, and the stock’s longest losing streak since an 11-day stretch that ended Feb. 24, 2000, according to Dow Jones data. Wednesday also marked the stock’s lowest close since Aug. 11, 2020.
Target Corp.’s stock, which is on its longest losing streak in 23 years, was downgraded to neutral from overweight Thursday by JPMorgan, which cited “too many concerns rising” in relation to the retail giant.
The stock ended Wednesday’s session down 2.2%, marking its ninth straight decline and the stock’s longest losing streak since an 11-day stretch that ended Feb. 24, 2000, according to Dow Jones data. Wednesday also marked the stock’s lowest close since Aug. 11, 2020.
Macy’s Inc.’s stock slid 9% in premarket trading Thursday, after the department-store chain posted weaker-than-expected fiscal first-quarter sales and cut its full-year guidance to reflect a challenged consumer.
The New York-based company M posted net income of $155 million, or 56 cents a share, for the quarter to April 29, down from $286 million, or 98 cents a share, in the year-earlier period. Adjusted per-share earnings were also 56 cents, ahead of the 45-cent FactSet consensus.
A national obsession with a new class of weight-loss drugs is turning dangerous, doctors and researchers say, as many patients are inappropriately prescribed Wegovy, Ozempic and similar medications and supply shortages generate a market for unauthorized, potentially risky copycat versions of these drugs.
Social media buzz about the drugs has promoted the mistaken perception that the medications are appropriate for a broad swath of people who may want to shed a few pounds–with disastrous consequences for some patients, doctors say. Patients who previously recovered from eating disorders, for example, are coming in for treatment because they “have had their eating disorder reactivated by use of these medications,” said Dr. Elizabeth Wassenaar, a regional medical director at the Eating Recovery Center, which specializes in treating the disorders. Some patients have wound up in the hospital, she said, and in some cases the providers who prescribed the drugs were unaware of the patients’ eating-disorder history. “It’s a real warning to people who prescribe these medications that it’s not without risk,” she said.
Some doctors also question whether the safety of the drugs has been adequately studied in older adults, who may have an undesirable loss of lean muscle mass when taking the medications. That complicates an ongoing debate about whether Medicare should cover these drugs for weight loss.
And patients of all types are put at risk, experts say, by the illegal production of knock-off versions of the medications. The Food and Drug Administration and several state pharmacy boards in recent weeks have warned that some compounding pharmacies are producing unauthorized versions of the drugs–which poses particular safety concerns for injectable drugs such as Wegovy, said David Margraf, a pharmaceutical research scientist with the Resilient Drug Supply Project at the University of Minnesota’s Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy. “It’s not just a victimless crime,” he said. “People can be severely injured.”
Novo Nordisk NVO, +0.33%,
the maker of Wegovy and Ozempic, itself sought to tap the brakes on the craze around these drugs in a statement posted on its website this month, saying it’s concerned about reports of the drugs being used “for purely cosmetic or aesthetic weight loss,” unauthorized versions of the drugs hitting the market, and “insufficient clinical evaluations by some telehealth providers” promoting the drugs.
Drugs such as Novo Nordisk’s Wegovy, Ozempic and Rybelsus and Eli Lilly’s LLY, -0.36%
Mounjaro mimic the effects of a gut hormone known as GLP-1, which can help control blood-sugar levels and reduce appetite. (Mounjaro also affects another hormone called GIP.) Ozempic, Rybelsus and Mounjaro are FDA-approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes, while Wegovy is approved for people with obesity and certain people with excess weight combined with weight-related medical problems.
Billions of dollars in drug sales hinge on the breadth of the patient population prescribed these medications. Last year, more than 5 million prescriptions for Ozempic, Mounjaro, Rybelsus or Wegovy were written for weight management, up from just 230,000 in 2019, according to data and analytics firm Komodo Health. Obesity drugs could be a $54 billion market by 2030, up from $2.4 billion in 2022, Morgan Stanley said in a report last year. Reports of GLP-1 drug users seeing improvements in addictive behaviors such as smoking and drinking have lately amplified interest in the medications.
The drugs have become such a cultural phenomenon that Walmart during its quarterly earnings call last week blamed the medications for a shift in consumer-spending patterns that pressured its margins. In the first quarter, the company saw “a shift to health and wellness,” John Rainey, Walmart Inc.’s WMT, +0.18%
executive vice president and chief financial officer, said on the call with analysts. “And part of that is related to these GLP-1 drugs that are to treat diabetes,” he said, adding that the shift “comes at a lower margin, and so that has some impact on our business as well.”
Noom, a digital health company that for years has emphasized a behavioral approach to weight management, this week announced a new program that will make Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro and other medications available to eligible patients. “Prescriptions are not the goal of our program. They’re very much an adjunct,” Dr. Linda Anegawa, Noom’s chief of medicine, told MarketWatch. Medical professionals will review patients’ entire health history, order labs to assess their metabolic health, and engage in video visits with patients as they determine what treatments might be appropriate, she said.
Telling your brain you’re not hungry
The reason GLP-1 drugs help control weight is pretty straightforward, said Dr. Daniel Drucker, who helped discover GLP-1 and is senior scientist at Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute in Toronto. When people take these drugs, he said, they simply eat less because they feel more full. “GLP-1 will tell your brain that you’re not hungry,” he said, and people taking these medications may feel less stressed about food or find themselves thinking less about food. And the effects may go beyond eating, he said, as some people also see improvements in smoking, drinking, and other addictive or compulsive behaviors. “These are really interesting areas for further investigation,” he said. Drucker has been a consultant or speaker for Novo Nordisk, Pfizer PFE, -0.61%
and other pharmaceutical companies.
Novo Nordisk said in a statement to MarketWatch that it is not conducting any dedicated clinical studies to evaluate Ozempic, Rybelsus or Wegovy in patients with substance-use disorders or addiction-related illnesses, and Eli Lilly said it does not have any studies planned for investigating tirzepatide–the active ingredient in Mounjaro–for treatment of addiction.
Adolescents’ use of the drugs for weight loss is a particular concern for some doctors. Wegovy is approved for treatment of obesity in children 12 and older. “The adolescent mental health crisis is unprecedented,” said Wassenaar, with many teens suffering severe mood disorders, eating disorders, and suicidality, and teens struggling with depression may think, “if I lose weight, I’ll feel better and people will like me. There’s this magic drug, and all I have to do is inject it.” And if patients can start taking these drugs as early as 12 years of age, “we just don’t know what that’s going to do to them in 10 or 20 years,” she said, because there’s not enough long-term data.
Novo Nordisk said in a statement to MarketWatch that “teenage obesity is linked to weight-related health problems such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol and type 2 diabetes,” and that cutting calories and increasing physical activity may not be enough for some patients. “The decision to prescribe an anti-obesity medication is at the discretion of the physician and the patient/parents,” the company said.
Eli Lilly said that tirzepatide is not currently being studied for chronic weight management in children or adolescents.
Many patients may have trouble filling lower-dose Wegovy prescriptions through September, according to drugmaker Novo Nordisk.
Novo Nordisk via AP
Some doctors are also concerned about broad use of the drugs among older adults. Many older adults have sarcopenia, an age-related loss of muscle mass and strength that can contribute to frailty and fall risk later in life–and losing weight can mean an additional loss of muscle mass that may not be advisable for some patients, doctors and researchers say.
While “there’s a huge push to get Medicare to cover these drugs, it’s not really certain whether they would be helpful in this population or actually more harmful,” said Judy Butler, a research fellow at PharmedOut, a research and education project at Georgetown University Medical Center. Noom is not enrolling patients over age 60 in its new program, Anegawa said, partly because “we really don’t have enough data yet with many of these drugs in the geriatric population.”
In the pivotal clinical trials for Wegovy, 9% of the Wegovy-treated patients were between 65 and 75 years of age, and 1% were 75 and older, Novo Nordisk said in a statement. “No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed between patients 65 years of age and older and younger adult patients,” the company said. In an ongoing cardiovascular outcomes trial, about 38% of patients are 65 or older, the company said.
By law, Medicare generally does not cover drugs prescribed for weight loss–although some drugmakers and industry groups are pushing to change that. Some of the drugs now generating intense demand also come with a hefty sticker price: Wegovy, for example, has an estimated annual net cost of about $13,600, according to the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review. If Medicare coverage rules changed and 10% of beneficiaries with obesity used Wegovy, total annual Medicare Part D spending on the drug could be as much as $26.8 billion, according to a recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine. That’s more than 18% of the net total Part D spending by beneficiaries and the Medicare program in 2019.
Dangerous copycats
There are potential physical as well as financial costs. Side effects of the drugs can range from nausea and vomiting to gallbladder problems, inflammation of the pancreas, and thyroid cancer.
More broadly, some doctors question the prescribing of drugs solely based on obesity, absent other risk factors. “If somebody is obese and has diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol, losing weight may improve those parameters, but obesity on its own does not need to be treated,” said Dr. Adriane Fugh-Berman, a professor at Georgetown University Medical Center and director of PharmedOut. “It’s cardiovascular fitness that is important, no matter what weight you are,” she said. “We should stop focusing on the weight itself as a risk factor.”
Dr. Robert Gabbay, chief science and medical officer at the American Diabetes Association, counters that “obesity is a disease, and therefore needs to be treated as such.” Although there are people with obesity who don’t have other serious conditions, he said, “that’s relatively uncommon.”
Despite the concerns, shortages of the drugs persist. Novo Nordisk says it anticipates that many patients will have trouble filling lower-dose Wegovy prescriptions through September.
For patients who are relying on GLP-1 drugs for treatment of diabetes, even a short-term interruption in access to the drugs can cause blood-glucose levels to rise and result in serious complications, Gabbay said. Patients also tend to gradually ramp up dosage of these drugs to get to the effective dose, he said, and if they lose access to the medication “they might have to start back at the beginning again,” putting them several months behind on their treatment.
The shortages can also create risks for a broader set of patients, experts say, as they spur demand for copycat versions of the drugs. The approved active ingredient in Wegovy and Ozempic is semaglutide in its base form, but some compounding pharmacies may be using salt forms of semaglutide, the FDA said in a late April letter to the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. “We are not aware of any basis for compounding a drug using these semaglutide salts that would meet federal law requirements” restricting the types of active ingredients used in compounding, the FDA said in the letter. Boards of pharmacy in several states, including West Virginia, North Carolina and Mississippi, have also recently issued warnings about compounded semaglutide.
Novo Nordisk said in the statement posted on its website this month that it is “actively monitoring and taking action against” entities unlawfully selling compounded semaglutide, adding that no FDA-approved generic versions of semaglutide currently exist.
Unauthorized compounded versions of the drugs could raise serious concerns about sterility and other quality-control issues, the Resilient Drug Supply Project’s Margraf said. “If this drug is in high demand and there isn’t enough supply, people will find a way to get it from a gray-market source,” he said. “People are going to find ways around the laws and potentially harm patients.”
This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. To order presentation-ready copies for distribution to your colleagues, clients or customers visit http://www.djreprints.com.
Nvidia Corp. headed toward market-capitalization gains of nearly $200 billion in after-hours trading Wednesday, which could put the chip maker within sight of becoming only the seventh U.S. company to top a valuation of $1 trillion.
Nvidia ended Wednesday’s session with a market cap — the total value of all shares in existence — of roughly $754.3 billion, according to FactSet. A 25% increase would add nearly $189 billion to that total, putting the company within striking distance of $1 trillion. Only six U.S. companies have ever attained a $1 trillion market cap: Apple Inc. AAPL, +0.16%
and Microsoft Corp. MSFT, -0.45%
are currently worth more than $2 trillion apiece; Google parent Alphabet Inc. GOOGL, -1.35%
and Amazon.com Inc. AMZN, +1.53%
have valuation of more than $1 trillion; and Facebook parent Meta Platforms Inc. META, +1.00%
and Tesla Inc. TSLA, -1.54%
have both touched the $1 trillion plateau previously.
Nvidia’s market cap was ahead of both Meta and Tesla as of Wednesday’s close, with both worth less than $650 billion, showing the potential fleeting nature of such a valuation. Nvidia’s record market cap is $834.4 billion, established on Nov. 29. 2021, according to Dow Jones Market Data.
If Nvidia’s gains hold through Thursday’s trading session, the company could challenge for the largest one-day market-cap gain in history. The biggest currently on record was Amazon’s $191.2 billion increase on Feb. 4, 2022, according to Dow Jones Market Data, followed closely by a $190.9 billion gain by Apple on Nov. 10, 2022. Nvidia also stands to gain more than rival Advanced Micro Devices Inc. AMD, +0.14%
is worth in total — AMD ended Wednesday’s session with a market cap of $174.4 billion.
Nvidia is closing in on the rare $1 trillion plateau because of huge gains in its stock this year, as hopes and hype about generative AI have flooded the tech sector. After OpenAI debuted its ChatGPT AI offering, and investor Microsoft quickly integrated the chatbot into many of its services, expectations for the technology have exploded.
Despite the hype, most companies have avoided providing hard figures for revenue gains expected from AI. Nvidia’s fiscal second-quarter forecast — which calls for roughly $11 billion in sales, nearly 33% higher than Nvidia’s previous quarterly record of $8.28 billion — could be seen as the first sign of a wave of fresh spending coursing through the tech sector.
Other companies have indicated that they will be forced to spend to develop their technology before reaping large financial rewards from it. Microsoft, for example, disclosed to investors last month that capital expenditures are increasing as it builds AI capabilities into its Azure cloud-computing platform — spending that is largely going toward Nvidia.
That is a rather typical path for large jumps in tech spending: Companies that make the necessary hardware see gains before the companies that use that gear can develop offerings that take advantage of it. Other gear makers joined Nvidia in the sharp move higher in after-hours trading Wednesday, including AMD, which gained more than 10%; chip maker Marvell Technology Inc. MRVL, -1.31%,
which increased more than 5%; and networking specialist Arista Networks Inc. ANET, +0.53%,
which added about 5%.
Alphabet and Microsoft stocks both increased around 2% in after-hours trading, and software companies that have made AI a core part of their offerings also saw gains. Palantir Technologies Inc. PLTR, -3.24%
and C3.ai Inc. AI, +2.54%
shares both increased more than 8%, for example.
Shares of Lowe’s Companies Inc. dropped Tuesday, after the home-improvement retailer beat fiscal first-quarter profit and sales expectations but cut its full-year outlook, citing lower demand for discretionary items.
Net income for the quarter to May 5 was $2.26 billion, or $3.77 a share, after income of $2.33 billion, or $3.51 a share, in the same period a year ago. Net income fell while earnings per share increased as the number of shares outstanding used to calculate EPS dropped 9.8% to 597 million.
Excluding nonrecurring items, such as an asset-sale gain, adjusted EPS of $3.67 beat the FactSet consensus of $3.44.
Total sales declined 5.5% to $22.35 billion, above the FactSet consensus of $21.60 billion, while the same-store sales decline of 4.3% missed expectations for a 3.4% decline.
Cost of sales fell less than sales, down 5.1% to $14.82 billion, as gross margin contracted to 33.7% from 34.0%. The value of merchandise inventory as of May 5 fell 3.5% from a year ago to $19.52 billion.
The stock LOW, -1.51%
shed 1.0% ahead of the open, but pared earlier premarket losses of as much as 3.4%.
During the quarter, Lowe’s said it spent $2.1 billion to repurchase 10.6 million shares and paid out $633 million in dividends.
“We are pleased with the performance of our business despite record lumber deflation and unfavorable spring weather,” said Chief Executive Officer Marvin Ellison. “Although we delivered positive comparable sales in Pro and online for the first quarter, we are updating our full-year outlook to reflect softer-than-expected consumer demand for discretionary purchases.”
For fiscal 2023, the company lowered its guidance ranges for adjusted EPS to $13.20 to $13.60 from $13.60 to $14.00 and sales to $87 billion to $89 billion from $88 billion to $90 billion. The outlook for same-store sales was revised to down 2% to down 4% from flat to down 2%.
Meanwhile, Wall Street’s full-year estimates were within the lowered guidance ranges, as the FactSet consensus for EPS was $13.56. The estimate for sales was $88.36 billion and for same-store sales was a decline of 2.2%.
Lowe’s results came less than a week after rival Home Depot Inc. HD, -0.08%
reported a first-quarter profit beat — but sales missed expectations. Home Depot also lowered its full-year outlook.
The stock has gained 2.0% year to date through Monday, while Home Depot shares have dropped 8.0% and the S&P 500 index SPX, +0.02%
has advanced 9.2%.
When Andrew Pessano was looking to create a state-of-the-art indoor pickleball facility in southern New Jersey and take advantage of the surging interest in the sport, he considered building it from scratch. But he and his partners realized it would take at least two years and likely cost well over $1 million.
So, Pessano and his team found a different way to achieve their goal: They leased a vacant big-box space — formerly home to a Burlington BURL, +0.44%
store, in fact — and turned it into Proshot Pickleball, a membership facility replete with eight cushioned courts, viewing decks, a pro shop and a players lounge.
Pessano says that since opening in mid-February, he’s already signed up more than 300 paid members. “The first couple of months we’re busy, busy,” he adds.
Proshot Pickleball could be something of a model for the future of what is often described as the fastest-growing sport in the country; a game that shares elements with tennis, ping-pong and badminton. In short, pickleball could soon be coming to that vacant space in your local mall — or to that abandoned big-box store. (Consider all those soon-to-be-empty Bed Bath & Beyond locations.)
“Pickleball ‘will help America’s malls to become the social hub they once were.’”
The trend is already happening: A recent retail-outlook report from JLL, a company that tracks the commercial real-estate market, points to pickleball facilities in locations ranging from a former Saks Off Fifth store in Connecticut, to a shuttered Belk department-store location in Georgia.
Pickleball “court owners are targeting malls for expansion,” says the report.
Of course, no one is saying that pickleball won’t continue to be played in parks and other public spaces, or even people’s driveways. Inherent in the game’s appeal, say fans, is that it can be played just about anywhere. But there are notable factors driving the move into malls and other retail locations.
Begin with that surging interest in pickleball. Nearly 9 million Americans are now playing the game, the Sports & Fitness Industry Association reports — an astounding year-over-year increase of 85.7%.
All those players need places to play, but the lack of available public court space in many cities and towns has led to all sorts of skirmishes, with issues arising when players use tennis facilities or take up space in playgrounds. As one parent complained about the pickleballers when the turf war erupted at a New York City playground: “It’s not a coexistence, it’s a complete and utter takeover.”
That leaves more room for operators of private facilities, like the pickleball court owners that JLL cites, to enter the picture — and many concepts, even chains, are starting to emerge to address the demand. But where should they go? Again, building from scratch can take a lot of money, and time.
“Nearly 9 million million Americans are now playing pickleball, the Sports & Fitness Industry Association reports — an astounding year-over-year increase of 85.7%.”
Meanwhile, mall operators and landlords of other retail spaces, such as big-box stores, are continually looking for new concepts to bring into their spaces, especially as brick-and-mortar retail stores fight to stay relevant and afloat at a time when online shopping has become the norm for many Americans.
In turn, those concepts are more often about “experiences” rather than shopping, says James Cook, a research director at JLL. Think museums, golf simulators and pickleball.
It’s about redefining the retail landscape, Cook says. “The idea is this is something new and unique,” he adds of these emerging types of mall/big-box tenants, including pickleball facilities.
Mike Leigh, author of “Zen and the Art of Pickleball,” sees an especial logic to pickleball in malls. These retails spaces are all about bringing people together, something that is all too easily forgotten in a point-and-click world of online shopping. And pickleball is a game that’s inherently social because of its close-up nature.
So the two make a natural combo, Leigh says: Pickleball “will help America’s malls to become the social hub they once were.”
CityPickle, a New York City-based operator of pickleball facilities, opened a pop-up venue at the Hudson Yards development last year.
CityPickle
Still, there are plenty of arguments to the contrary, so this is not a one-size-fits-all solution.
America’s malls and other retail hubs have their share of empty spaces, but the situation may not be as dire as it seems, Cook says. The points to the current retail vacancy rate of 4.2% being “at historic lows,” noting that there’s been considerable recovery since the darkest days of the pandemic.
Moreover, he says, higher-end malls are doing especially well — and it’s those spaces that tend to be a good fit for experiential concepts like pickleball. In other words, these malls may like the idea, but they aren’t necessarily begging for tenants.
Plus, Cook says pickleball facilities can need lots of space — concepts often have a food-and-drink component for pre- and post-game socializing. And facility operators like to have outdoor space, if possible, for the warmer months. Such requirements can pose challenges in a traditional mall setup, he says.
“I think [pickleball] only works in some specific instances,” he says.
Pessano, of South Jersey’s Proshot Pickleball, points to another issue: If the space’s support columns aren’t situated far enough apart from one another, it will make it difficult to have enough courts to make for a viable business. And the ceiling height can’t be too low, either, he adds.
These discouraging realities notwithstanding, it appears pickleball operators will continue to consider abandoned mall spaces and big-box stores as a good option to create much-needed court space. Take CityPickle, a private operator that already set up a pop-up facility in New York City’s Hudson Yards mixed-use development in the past year, and is looking to establish permanent court spaces in the Big Apple and elsewhere.
CityPickle founders Mary Cannon and Erica Desai say they are considering abandoned retail locations as possibilities. They like the open space these places provide, and they say that landlords appreciate having tenants that bring the kind of buzz and energy that a pickleball facility offers.
Shares of Target Corp. seesawed to a gain early Wednesday, after the discount retailer reported fiscal first-quarter results that beat expectations and reiterated its full-year outlook, but provided a downbeat second-quarter profit view due to “softening sales trends.”
Net income for the quarter to April 29 fell to $950 million, or $2.05 a share, from $1.01 billion, or $2.16 a share, in the same period a year ago. Excluding nonrecurring items, adjusted earnings per share fell to $2.05 from $2.19 but beat the FactSet consensus of $1.77.
Total revenue increased 0.6% to $25.32 billion, above the FactSet consensus of $25.26 billion, while same-store sales grew 0.7% to exceed the FactSet consensus for a 0.2% rise, as traffic rose 0.9%.
The stock rose 0.9% in premarket trading, but has swung from a loss of as much as 3.6% to a gain of as much as 2.4% after the results were reported.
“We came into the year clear-eyed about the challenges consumers are facing, and we were determined to build on the trust we’ve established with our guests,” said Chief Executive Officer Brian Cornell. “It’s required agility and the ability to flex across our multi-category portfolio as we lean into value and the product categories our guests need most right now.”
Cost of sales declined 0.4% to $18.39 billion, as gross margin improved to 27.4% from 26.7%.
The value of inventory fell 6.5% from the sequential fourth quarter, and dropped 16.4% from a year ago, to $12.62 billion as of April 29.
“[W]e now expect shrink will reduce this year’s profitability by more than $500 million compared with last year,” said CEO Cornell. “While there are many potential sources of inventory shrink, theft and organized retail crime are increasingly important drivers of the issue.
Looking ahead, Target said it was planning for a wide range of sales outcomes, given “softening sales trends” in the first quarter.
For the second quarter, the company expects same-store sales to be down in the low-single digit percentage range, compared with the FactSet consensus for a 0.1% increase. And adjusted EPS for the current quarter is expected to be $1.30 to $1.70, below expectations of $1.95.
For the full year, Target reiterated its guidance for same-store sales growth of 0.7% and for adjusted EPS of $7.75 to $8.75. That compares with the FactSet consensus for same-store sales growth of 0.6% and for adjusted EPS of $8.36.
The stock has gained 5.3% year to date through Tuesday, while the Consumer Discretionary Select Sector SPDR exchange-traded fund XLY, -0.41%
has run up 14.1% and the S&P 500 index SPX, -0.64%
has advanced 7.0%.
Shares of Home Depot Inc. dropped Tuesday, after the home improvement retail giant reported fiscal first-quarter profit that topped expectations but sales that fell short, and it cut the full-year outlook, citing lumber deflation and bad weather.
Net income for the quarter to April 30 fell to $3.87 billion, or $3.82 a share, from $4.32 billion, or $4.09 a share, in the same period a year ago. That topped the FactSet consensus for earnings per share of $3.80.
Sales declined 4.2% to $37.26 billion, well below the FactSet consensus of $38.31 billion.
“Our sales for the quarter were below our expectations primarily driven by lumber deflation and unfavorable weather, particularly in our Western division as extreme weather in California disproportionately impacted our results,” said Chief Executive Officer Ted Decker.
Overall same-store sales fell 4.5% to miss the FactSet consensus for a 1.6% decline, with same-store sales in the U.S. falling 4.6%.
The stock sank 3.6% toward a seven-month low in premarket trading.
“Given the negative impact to first quarter sales from lumber deflation and weather, further softening of demand relative to our expectations, and continued uncertainty regarding consumer demand, we are updating our guidance to reflect a range of potential outcomes,” said Chief Financial Officer Richard McPhail.
For fiscal 2023, the company cut its EPS outlook to a decline of between 7% and 13% from a decline in the mid-single digit percentage range, and lowered its sales outlook to a decline of between 2% and 5% from approximately flat.
The stock has dropped 10.2% over the past three months through Monday, while the Dow Jones Industrial Average DJIA, +0.14%
has slipped 1.0%.
