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  • How a rare type of mortgage is landing homebuyers a 3% rate

    How a rare type of mortgage is landing homebuyers a 3% rate

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    As mortgage rates stagnate around 6%, prospective homebuyers are feeling nostalgic for the 3% interest rates of 2020 and 2021. Google search results for the term “assumable mortgage” spiked in May, following a steady upward trend starting in 2022.

    Mortgage assumptions allow buyers to take over an existing mortgage at its current rate, possibly securing mortgage rates as low as 2% or 3% depending on when the original mortgage was taken out.

    Mortgage assumptions were a popular way to buy a house in the 1970s and 1980s but have largely fallen out of public consciousness. The Garn St.-Germain Act of 1982 allowed private lenders to enforce a due-on-sale clause, requiring payment in full if a property changes hands, making assumable mortgages near obsolete outside of divorce and property inheritance.

    Now a rarer find in the U.S. housing market, a specific subsect of mortgages can still be assumed by outside buyers: Veterans Affairs, Federal Housing Administration, and United States Department of Agriculture mortgages.

    “Twenty percent to 25% of the homes on the market will be fully assumable at one time,” says Raunaq Singh, Roam founder and CEO. But, “the number of assumption transactions that are happening is far fewer than the number of mortgages which can be assumed.”

    Only 4,052 FHA-backed mortgage assumptions were completed in 2023. Still, that’s a 59% increase compared to 2021, according to numbers provided by the FHA. The VA has seen an even larger jump with 713% more mortgage assumptions in 2023 compared to 2021. Both the VA and FHA are already outpacing last year’s assumption totals at more than 5,000 assumption per department so far in 2024.

    Watch the video above to learn more about assumable mortgages, how they work, and why they can come with their own set of hurdles.

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  • Home valuations are rising faster than incomes. Here’s why that could hurt homeowners’ wallets

    Home valuations are rising faster than incomes. Here’s why that could hurt homeowners’ wallets

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    Record inflation may have people questioning whether homeownership is still a good investment.

    Home prices have been rising faster than incomes, which can be a problem for homeowners because as the value of a home rises, so does the cost to maintain it.

    More than 1 in 4 homeowners with mortgages are considered “cost-burdened,” meaning they spend more than 30% of their income on housing costs, according to a 2023 analysis of U.S. Census data by the Chamber of Commerce.

    “Unfortunately, a lot of people go into buying a home and they don’t understand that their monthly payment could change,” said Devon Viehman, regional vice president for the National Association of Realtors.

    Changes in two expenses in particular tend to surprise people, experts say.

    “What many [homeowners] have failed to anticipate is the rise in both property taxes — and that’s correlated to the rise in the value of their home, something that at some level helps them — as well as the increased cost of paying for that insurance,” said Mark Hamrick, senior economic analyst at Bankrate.

    ‘Paper’ wealth and rising expenses

    Single-family homeowners accumulate an average of $225,000 in wealth from their homes during a 10-year period, according to a 2022 report from the National Association of Realtors.

    “That wealth sort of boils down to being primarily only on paper, and the time that you cash in that asset is when you sell the home,” said Hamrick.

    Property taxes are one of the costs that can increase with the value of the home. Homeowners whose properties were reassessed between 2019 and 2023 amid skyrocketing valuations saw a median tax increase of 25%, according to a February 2024 study by CoreLogic. The annual median taxes for properties in the U.S. that were reassessed increased more than $600 over that period.

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    Home insurance is the other major expense that can fluctuate after a home purchase. 

    There has also been a 20% increase in average home insurance premiums between 2021 and 2023, according to insurance comparison company Insurify. Insurify estimates rates will rise another 6% by the end of 2024.

    Florida, Louisiana, Texas and Colorado have seen the biggest spike in insurance rates over that period, influenced by extreme weather events.

    Florida is leading the pack. The average annual rate for home insurance in Florida was nearly $11,000 in 2023, which is more than $8,600 than the U.S. average. The state’s cities make up six of the top 10 most expensive cities to insure in the country, Insurify found.

    What’s more, the cost of repairing a home has risen, which also affects insurance premiums.

    “This is going to be a space to watch for the foreseeable future, simply because it is such a dynamic and volatile and potentially costly environment,” Hamrick said.

    Tips for homebuyers

    Viehman of the NAR recommends people shopping for a home “lean on their realtor first.” She recommends homebuyers ask their real estate agent for a history of costs associated with owning the home such as property taxes, insurance, trash removal, water, gas and electrical bills.

    Homebuyers should also see if the state they’re looking to buy in has any laws restricting property tax increases per year.

    Just because you qualify for $3,000 a month in a mortgage payment doesn’t mean you should max it out right now … Go a little lower than that so that you give yourself that room.

    Devon Viehman

    regional vice president for the National Association of Realtors

    A good agent ought to be able to answer all those questions for you, Viehman said.

    Viehman also recommends leaving room in your monthly budget to address the possibility of surprise expenses.

    “Just because you qualify for $3,000 a month in a mortgage payment doesn’t mean you should max it out right now,” she said. “Look for something where you can get in around $2,500 if $3,000 is your comfortable budget. Go a little lower than that so that you give yourself that room.”

    Tips for current homeowners

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  • After leaving Google, Jakob Uszkoreit started Inceptive to apply AI to drug development

    After leaving Google, Jakob Uszkoreit started Inceptive to apply AI to drug development

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    Before co-founding biotech startup Inceptive, Jakob Uszkoreit had an idea that would eventually make generative artificial intelligence possible. As a researcher at Google in 2017, Uszkoreit was trying to speed up the training of neural networks.

    He suggested using a new way to interpret data called self-attention. That idea gave way to the transformer, the neural network architecture that underpins generative AI.

    “There are actually applications, for example at Google and other places, where transformers have been deployed in production long before, but to much, much less fanfare,” Uszkoreit told CNBC in an interview in June. He said OpenAI’s ChatGPT, which was launched in late 2022, shined “the spotlight on these applications.”

    The transformer idea was published by Uszkoreit and seven other Google researchers in the 2017 “Attention Is All You Need” paper. All eight authors have since left Google.

    “Maybe Google here hasn’t been able to be as daring as, you know, a much, much smaller company such as OpenAI when it comes to applying this technology to quite different types of products,” Uszkoreit said. “This is something that we fundamentally have to accept and actually, in a certain sense, be maybe even grateful for because Google is providing something to the world that we all rely on day to day.”

    Inceptive Co-Founder and CEO Jakob Uszkoreit is working on tranforming the way drugs work using generative AI

    Inceptive

    Uszkoreit left Google in 2021 to co-found Inceptive, which he describes as a a biological software company. In September, Inceptive raised $100 million in a funding round led by Andreessen Horowitz and Nvidia in an attempt to apply AI to drug development.

    “We’re starting with a focus on RNA, whose exact composition has been designed with generative artificial intelligence, such that these molecules inside certain biological systems exhibit behaviors that ultimately are native to those systems,” Uszkoreit said. “There’s actually this promise of a flavor of medicine that is in much greater harmony with living systems than most existing medicines.”

    Watch the video to hear the full conversation between CNBC’s Katie Tarasov and Inceptive CEO Jakob Uszkoreit.

    Don’t miss these insights from CNBC PRO

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  • What the U.S. can learn from Norway when it comes to EV adoption

    What the U.S. can learn from Norway when it comes to EV adoption

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    Norway boasts the highest electric vehicle adoption rate in the world. Some 82% of new car sales were EVs in Norway in 2023, according to the Norwegian Road Federation (OFV). In comparison, 7.6% of new car sales were electric in the U.S. last year, according to Kelley Blue Book estimates. In the world’s largest auto market, China, 24% of new car sales were EVs in 2023, according to the China Passenger Car Association.

     “Our goal is that all new cars by 2025 will be zero-emission vehicles,” said Ragnhild Syrstad, the state secretary of the Norwegian Ministry of Climate and Environment, “We think we’re going to reach that goal.”

    The Norwegian government started incentivizing the purchase of EVs back in the 1990s with free parking, the use of bus lanes, no tolls and most importantly, no taxes on zero-emission vehicles. But it wasn’t until Tesla and other EV models became available about 10 years ago that sales started to take off, Syrstad said.

    Norway’s capital, Oslo, is also electrifying its ferries, buses, semi trucks and even construction equipment. Gas pumps and parking meters are being replaced by chargers. It’s an electric utopia of the future. Norway’s grid has been able to handle the influx of EVs so far because of its abundance of hydropower.

    “Electric cars are maybe a third of the price of gasoline because we have close to 100% hydropower. It’s cheap. It’s available and renewable. So that’s a big advantage,” said Petter Haugneland, the assistant secretary general of the Norwegian EV Association.

    CNBC flew across the globe to meet with experts, government officials and locals to find out how the Scandinavian country pulled off such a high EV adoption rate.

    Watch the documentary for the full story. 

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  • Why U.S. renters are taking corporate landlords to court

    Why U.S. renters are taking corporate landlords to court

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    A group of renters in the U.S. say their landlords are using software to deliver inflated rent hikes.

    “We’ve been told as tenants by employees of Equity that the software takes empathy out of the equation. So they can charge whatever the software tells them to charge,” said Kevin Weller, a tenant at Portside Towers since 2021.

    Tenants say the management started to increase prices substantially after giving renters concessions during the Covid-19 pandemic.

    The 527-unit building is located roughly 20 minutes away from the World Trade Center, on the shoreline of Jersey City, New Jersey. A group of tenants at the tower is involved in a sprawling class-action lawsuit against RealPage and 34 co-defendant landlords. The U.S. Department of Justice filed a statement of interest in the case in December 2023, arguing that the complaints adequately allege violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act.

    In November 2023, the attorney general of Washington, D.C., filed a similar but more narrow complaint against RealPage and 14 landlords that collectively manage more than 50,000 apartment units in the District.

    “Effectively, RealPage is facilitating a housing cartel,” said Attorney General of the District of Columbia Brian Schwalb in an interview with CNBC. His office filed the complaint on antitrust grounds. They allege that landlords share competitively sensitive data through RealPage, which then sets artificially high rents on a key slice of the local rental market.

    Office of the Attorney General for the District of Columbia, November 2023

    “Rather than making independent decisions on what the market here in D.C. calls for in terms of filling vacant units, landlords are compelled, under the terms of their agreement with RealPage, to charge what RealPage tells them,” said Schwalb.

    RealPage says its revenue management products use anonymized, aggregated data to deliver pricing recommendations on roughly 4.5 million housing units in the U.S. The company says its tools can increase landlord revenues between 2% and 7%.

    “Just turning the system on will outperform your manual analyst. There’s almost no way it can’t,” said Jeffrey Roper, a former RealPage employee and inventor of YieldStar.

    YieldStar is one of three key revenue management tools offered by RealPage. The software balances prices, occupancy and lease lengths to help property managers optimize their portfolio’s yield. The company feeds data from its models into a newer tool dubbed “AIRM” that considers the effect of credit, marketing and leasing effectiveness.

    RealPage told CNBC that its landlord customers are under no obligation to take their price suggestions. The company also said it charges a fixed fee on each apartment unit managed with its software.

    RealPage was acquired by Miami-based private equity firm Thoma Bravo for $10.2 billion in 2021. In court filings, Thoma Bravo has claimed that it is not liable for the alleged acts of its subsidiary outlined by plaintiffs in the class-action complaints.

    Renters told CNBC they discovered how revenue management software is used in real estate after reading a 2022 ProPublica investigation. Equity Residential investor materials show that the company started to experiment with Lease Rent Options between 2005 and 2008. RealPage acquired the product in 2017.

    “How could we possibly know?” said Harry Gural, a tenant in an Equity Residential property located in the Van Ness neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Gural says he has been involved in legal matters against his landlord’s pricing practices for more than seven years.

    Affiliates of Equity Residential are contesting a separate decision made by a local housing authority in Jersey City regarding prices set on the Portside Towers property. The company has filed a lawsuit in federal court challenging the decision, stating that the decision could result in millions of dollars in refunds for tenants.

    Equity Residential and other defendant landlords declined to comment on ongoing RealPage litigation.

    Redfin reports that asking rents in the U.S. ticked down to $1,964 a month in December 2023, a decline from recent highs. Prices are coming down in markets such as Atlanta and Austin, Texas, where home construction is high. But analysts believe low rates of homebuilding on the U.S. East Coast could give well-located landlords more pricing power.

    “Guys like us that own 80,000 well-located apartments, we’re still in a pretty good spot,” said Equity Residential CEO Mark Parrell in a June 2023 interview with CNBC.

    Watch the
    video above to learn about the rising tide of lawsuits against U.S. corporate landlords.

    CORRECTION: A previous version of this article misstated when Equity Residential purchased Portside Towers.

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  • Economists say the labor market is strong — but job seekers don’t share that confidence. Here’s why

    Economists say the labor market is strong — but job seekers don’t share that confidence. Here’s why

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    The job market looks solid on paper.

    Over the course of 2023, U.S. employers added 2.7 million people to their payrolls, according to government data. Unemployment hit a 54-year low at 3.4% in January 2023 and ticked up just slightly to 3.7% by December.

    “The labor market has been fairly strong and surprisingly resilient,” said Daniel Zhao, lead economist at Glassdoor. “Especially after 2023 when we had headlines about layoffs and forecasts of recession.”

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    But active job seekers say the labor market feels more difficult than ever.

    A 2023 survey from staffing agency Insight Global found that recently unemployed full-time workers had applied to an average of 30 jobs, only to receive an average of four callbacks or responses.

    “Between the news, the radio, and politicians just talking about how the economy is so great because unemployment is low and just hearing all that, I just want to scream from the rooftops: Then how come no one can find a job?” said Jenna Jackson, a 28-year-old former management consultant from Ardmore, Pennsylvania. She has been actively looking for a job since her layoff four months ago.

    “I haven’t quantified how many applications I’ve applied to but it’s definitely in the hundreds at least,” Jackson said.

    More than half, 55%, of unemployed adults are burned out from searching for a new job, Insight Global found. Younger generations were affected the most, with 66% complaining of burnout stemming from job search.

    A major reason could be the fact that the labor market is cooling.

    “There’s less of a frenzy on the part of the employers,” according to Peter Cappelli, a management professor at the University of Pennsylvania. “If you’re somebody who wants a job, you would like a frenzy on the part of the employers because you would like to have lots of people trying to hire you.”

    Some experts suggest it might also be due to the expectations of job seekers.

    “How people feel about the job market is informed by their recent experiences with the job market,” Zhao said. “In 2021 and 2022, there were labor shortages, so [employers] were offering all kinds of perks and benefits to try to get people in the door. So even if 2024 is shaping up to be a relatively healthy labor market by recent comparison, it doesn’t feel quite as strong.”

    Watch the video above to find out why getting a job feels harder than ever.

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  • How the Apple iPhone became one of the best-selling products of all time

    How the Apple iPhone became one of the best-selling products of all time

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    When Apple announced the iPhone in 2007, Steve Jobs called it a “revolutionary product” in a handset category that he said needed to be reinvented. 

    Now, nearly two decades and 42 models later, the iPhone is one of the world’s most popular phones. Apple has sold over 2.3 billion units of the iPhone and has over 1.5 billion active users, according to research from Demand Sage.

    The original iPhone was released in June 2007 and exclusively sold with AT&T for $499. 

    The late Apple CEO Steve Jobs unveiling the first iPhone in 2007.

    David Paul Morris | Getty Images News | Getty Images

    “Investors were optimistic about the impact that it could have with Apple,” said Deepwater Asset’s Gene Munster. “The initial data that came out from AT&T was a disappointment from that first few days of sales. I remember talking to investors after that first weekend, and the general sense was that this product, in one investor’s words, was dead on arrival.”

    Apple sold 1.4 million iPhones in 2007 with 80% of the sales coming in Q4. In the same year Nokia, the maker of the iconic Nokia 3310, sold 7.4 million mobile phones in Q4 alone. 

    “Nokia was seen as unstoppable, unbeatable,” said CNBC technology reporter Kif Leswing.

    JAPAN – FEBRUARY 15: The Nokia 3310 Launched on the 1st September 2000

    Science & Society Picture Library | SSPL| Getty Images

    “The investing community largely took this as something that is going to be a much more difficult market for Apple to really crack,” said Munster. 

    Things started to shift for Apple in 2008 when it launched the App Store. This helped spur a new wave of modern tech companies like Uber and put Apple ahead of its competitors. 

    “The App Store allowed your phone to become a lot more,” said Munster. “That was the piece, that insight, other phone manufacturers didn’t see that coming.”

    Apple saw increased iPhone unit sales in the years following the App Store. The company hit a major milestone — more than 50 million units sold — in 2011, with the help of the iPhone 4s. The company sold 72 million units that year. By 2015, Apple was selling over 200 million iPhone units yearly. 

    “I don’t think there’s any question the iPhone set the standard that really almost all phones have followed since then,” said Computer History Museum’s Marc Weber. “The App Store was a huge thing and Android basically followed that model with the Play Store.”

    A decade after the iPhone’s release, Apple was the first publicly traded U.S. company to hit a $1 trillion market cap and it’s now one of the most profitable companies in the world. 

    Apple recently surpassed Samsung, one of its biggest competitors, as the world’s smartphone leader for the first time. According to data from the International Data Corp., Apple holds just over 20% of the global market share, a spot that Samsung held since 2010. 

    “There was a period from 2008 to 2015 where Apple needed to worry about what Samsung was going to do with Android. Their market share was actually declining globally,” said Munster. “But, what Apple has been the master at is building the ecosystem. I can’t imagine a scenario where Samsung can build a suite of products that is going to disrupt the Apple ecosystem.”

    Recently, Apple has been dabbling in machine learning and AI for the iPhone, but companies such as Microsoft, Google and Open AI have more openly embraced the technology.

    “AI is going to be critical to humanity, and it’s going to be a critical feature inside of iPhones,” said Munster. “Apple uses AI to make the products work better with organizing photos, with helping organize emails, and potentially doing things around text organization. But for the most part is that the iPhone doesn’t capture, doesn’t really capture the full opportunity. Far from it when it comes to AI.”

    Watch the video to learn more about how the iPhone shaped Apple.

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  • Apple executives Johny Srouji and John Ternus speak about Apple's growing chip business — full interview

    Apple executives Johny Srouji and John Ternus speak about Apple's growing chip business — full interview

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    In November, CNBC visited Apple’s campus in Cupertino, California, to get a look inside one of the company’s many chip labs. CNBC also got a rare chance to talk with the senior vice president of hardware technologies, Johny Srouji, and Apple’s senior vice president of hardware engineering, John Ternus, about the company’s push into the complex business of custom semiconductor development, which is also being pursued by AmazonGoogle, Microsoft and Tesla.

    Unlike traditional chipmakers such as Nvidia and Intel, Apple is not making silicon for other companies.

    “Because we’re not really selling chips outside, we focus on the product,” Johny Srouji said. “That gives us freedom to optimize, and the scalable architecture lets us reuse pieces between different products.”

    Watch the full interview to hear the executives speak about AI, its latest A17 Pro chip, working with manufacturing partner Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company and more.

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  • Zombie firms are filing for bankruptcy as the Fed commits to higher rates

    Zombie firms are filing for bankruptcy as the Fed commits to higher rates

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    In the U.S., 516 publicly listed firms have filed for bankruptcy from January through September 2023. Many of these firms have survived for several years with surging debt and lagging sales.

    “The share of zombie firms has been increasing over time,” said Bruno Albuquerque, an economist at the International Monetary Fund. “This has detrimental effects on healthy firms who compete in the same sector.”

    Zombie firms are unprofitable businesses that stay afloat by taking on new debt. Banks lend to these weak firms in hopes that they can turn their trend of sinking sales around.

    “A really healthy, well-capitalized banking system and financial sector is one of the most important factors in ensuring that unhealthy firms are wound down in a timely way rather than being propped up,” said Kathryn Judge, a professor of law at Columbia University.

    Economists say that zombie firms may become more prevalent when banks or governments bail out unviable firms. But the Federal Reserve says the share of firms that are zombies fell after the Covid-19 emergency stimulus measures were implemented. The Fed says banks are refusing to keep weak firms in business with favorable extensions of credit.

    The Fed economists point to healthy balance sheets at U.S. firms, despite the increasing weight of interest rate hikes. The effective federal funds rate was 5.33% in October 2023, up from 0.08% in October 2021.

    “The biggest implication of the rapid rise in interest rates that we’ve seen the last five or six quarters, actually, is that it reestablished cash,” said Lotfi Karoui, chief credit strategist at Goldman Sachs. “That actually puts some constraints on risk assets.”

    The Fed says it thinks interest rates will remain higher for longer. “Given the fast pace of tightening, there may still be meaningful tightening in the pipeline,” Fed Chair Jerome Powell said at an Economic Club of New York speech Oct. 19.

    Watch the video above to learn more about the Fed’s battle with unviable zombie firms in the U.S.

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  • How Wall Street’s REIT giants are reshaping U.S. real estate

    How Wall Street’s REIT giants are reshaping U.S. real estate

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    U.S real estate investment trusts today manage $4.5 trillion in real estate worldwide. Many groups on Wall Street offer these tax-friendly funds to retail investors. 

    KKR’s real estate business is one of the big players in the REIT game. The private equity firm manages multiple REIT funds. The KKR Real Estate Select Trust, which currently manages $1.5 billion in assets, paid a dividend of 5.4% to its investors in July 2023.

    But the benefits extend beyond returns.

    “When you look at the after tax equivalent of that yield, it is very compelling.” said Billy Butcher, CEO of KKR’s global real estate business. “The depreciation from our properties has covered 100% of the income generated by our properties, and there’s no tax on that dividend,” he said in an interview with CNBC.

    Larger funds sometimes contain a diversified pool of assets. Categories may include office, student housing, casino, timberlands, radio and cell towers, server farms, self-storage properties, billboards, and much more.

    “Back in the 1960s, there were three or four different types [of REITs], said Sher Hafeez, a managing director at Jones Lang LaSalle, a real estate services firm. “Now, I can count at least 20 different types.”

    Top performing REIT sub-sectors in recent years include data centers, self-storage properties, residential housing and tower REITs. Residential housing delivered a return of 16% from 2010 to 2020, according to a S&P Global Investments report.

    The investor-friendly tax rules can also increase the pace of large-scale development. 

    “Having REITs there as a potential exit helps the market, and helps the availability of financing,” said Michael Pestronk, CEO and co-founder of Post Brothers, a Philadelphia-based housing developer. 

    Some funds like Invitation Homes and American Homes 4 Rent were founded in the yearslong slowdown in U.S. home construction. At the time, REITs bought and managed commercial-scale properties, which could include products like master-planned communities or traditional apartment complexes.

    In recent years, publicly traded trusts have targeted single-family rental market, and today, these REITs have grown tremendously — enough to build new neighborhoods in their entirety. 

    Watch the video above to learn the fundamentals of real estate investment trusts.

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  • Can expensive, American-made weapons like F-16s turn the tide in Ukraine’s war against Russia?

    Can expensive, American-made weapons like F-16s turn the tide in Ukraine’s war against Russia?

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    The Ukrainian counteroffensive that launched in June against Moscow’s invasion has run into a Russian wall. 

    In the run-up to the Ukrainian push, weapons from Western allies — such as tanks, artillery and other equipment — poured into Ukraine. Despite some small gains, Ukrainian forces have yet to see a large breakthrough, leaving some to wonder what else is needed.

    “This is about as hard as it gets,” said Bradley Bowman, senior director of the Center on Military and Political Power at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies. “Think World War I with drones. … That’s a little bit what the Ukrainians are facing. And so in our microwave culture here in the United States, we want results yesterday, but that’s just not the way it works when you’re confronting a military like the Russians.”

    Land mines have been a massive problem for Kyiv’s forces. Russia has deployed large tracts of the explosive devices, including mines aimed at troops as well as mines that are designed to take out armored vehicles like tanks, slowing down any Ukrainian advance. And with Russia’s ability to lay mines with specialized artillery, keeping cleared lanes open to send forces through has been a struggle.

    “Let me be clear, this would present a significant challenge for any force that is trying to take it without the full scope of Western capabilities,” said Dmitri Alperovitch, executive chairman of Silverado Policy Accelerator and co-founder of CrowdStrike.

    Many in Kyiv have called for the introduction of Western fighter jets, such as the F-16, to beef up the beleaguered Ukrainian Air Force, which has managed to keep flying and fighting despite what on paper is an overwhelming Russian advantage in air power. These fighters would also help take the pressure off of air defense forces, which consists of older Soviet surface-to-air missile systems that are difficult to resupply, and the newly provided Patriot missile system. Just sending F-16s to Ukraine wouldn’t turn the tide overnight. It would take months, if not years, of training to get the most out of these expensive jets.

    “These weapons are not silver bullets,” said Mick Ryan, a retired major general of the Australian army and adjunct fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. “There’s no such thing as a single weapon system that will provide that. It’s when you have lots of different weapons systems in the air on the ground. You have operators who are technically proficient and then you’re able to undertake the collective combined arms training, that’s when you have a really war-winning capability.”

    Watch the video above to find out if more big-ticket, U.S.-made weapons such as F-16s, the Patriot missile system and HIMARS can turn the tide in Ukraine.

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  • Here’s why Americans can’t stop living paycheck to paycheck

    Here’s why Americans can’t stop living paycheck to paycheck

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    For many Americans, payday can’t come soon enough. As of June, 61% of adults are living paycheck to paycheck, according to a LendingClub report. In other words, they rely on those regular paychecks to meet essential living expenses, with little to no money left over.

    Almost three-quarters, 72%, of Americans say they aren’t financially secure given their current financial standing, and more than a quarter said they will likely never be financially secure, according to a survey by Bankrate.

    “There are actually millions of people struggling,” said Ida Rademacher, vice president at the Aspen Institute. “It’s not something that people want to talk about, but if you were in a place where your financial security feels superprecarious, you’re not alone.”

    This struggle is nothing new. Principal Financial Group found in 2010 that 75% of workers were concerned about their financial futures. What’s more, since 1979, wages for the bottom 90% of earners had grown just 15%, compared with 138% for the top 1%, according to a 2015 Economic Policy Institute report. But there’s now a renewed focus on wage-earner anxiety amid higher inflation and rising interest rates.

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    The typical worker takes home $3,308 per month after taxes and benefits, based on the latest data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. But when you take a look at the cost of some of the most essential expenses today, it’s easy to see why consumers feel strained.

    The median monthly rent in the U.S. was $2,029 as of June, according to Redfin. That amount already accounts for about 61% of the median take-home pay.

    Meanwhile, the Council for Community and Economic Research reported that the median mortgage payment for a 2,400square-foot house was $1,957 per month during the first quarter of 2023, which accounts for about 59% of the median take-home pay.

    “Inflation is really hurting individuals having stability in their housing,” said certified financial planner Kamila Elliott, co-founder and CEO of Collective Wealth Partners in Atlanta. She is a member of CNBC’s Financial Advisor Council. “If you have uncertainty in your housing, it causes uncertainty everywhere.”

    Combine that with the average $690.75 Americans spend each month on food and out-of-pocket health expenditures that cost the average American $96.42 monthly, and you get a total expense of $2,816.17 for renters and $2,744.17 for homeowners.

    That amount already accounts for just over 85% of the median take-home pay for average American renters and almost 83% for an average homeowner. This is excluding other essential expenses such as transportation, child care and debt payments.

    “So much of managing your financial life in America today is like drinking from a firehose that many households are not able to show up and impose a framework of their own design onto their finances,” said Rademacher. “Many are still in this reactionary space where they’re just trying to figure out how to make ends meet.”

    Watch the video to learn more about why financial security feels so impossible in the U.S. today.

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  • East Coast mayors call for more office-to-apartment conversions

    East Coast mayors call for more office-to-apartment conversions

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    Mayors in cities across the U.S. want to loosen rules that can slow the pace of office-to-residential conversions. In some instances, cities have offered generous tax abatements to developers who build new housing.

    “We have a great opportunity to change the uses in the downtown,” said Washington, DC, Mayor Muriel Bowser at a December 2022 news conference in support of her housing budget proposals.

    “It’s absolutely a budget gimmick” said Erica Williams, executive director at the DC Fiscal Policy Institute, referring to Bowser’s 2023 proposal to increase the downtown developer tax break. “We fully support the idea that some of these buildings could be turned into residential properties or into mixed-use properties, but that we don’t necessarily need to subsidize that.”

    In New York City, a task force of planners assembled by Mayor Eric Adams is studying the effects of zoning changes, and possible abatements for developers who include affordable units in conversions.

    Cities like Philadelphia have previously embraced these policies to revitalize their downtowns. In Philadelphia, homeowners and investors received more than $1 billion in tax breaks for their renovation projects.

    A small collective of developers have taken on this challenging slice of the real estate business. Since 2000, 498 buildings have been converted in the U.S., creating 49,390 new housing units through the final quarter of 2022, according to real estate services firm CBRE.

    Prominent investors Societe Generale and KKR have worked with developers like Philadelphia-based Post Brothers to finance institutional-scale office conversions in expensive central business districts.

    “Capital has gotten much more limited,” said Michael Pestronk, CEO of Post Brothers. “We’re able to get financing today. … It is a lot more expensive than it was a year ago.”

    Many experts believe local governments will alter zoning laws and building codes to make these conversions easier over the years.

    “Our rules are in the way, and we need to fix that,” said Dan Garodnick, director of New York City’s Department of City Planning.

    Watch the video above to learn how cities are getting developers to convert more offices into apartments.

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  • Here’s what’s stopping cities from converting offices into apartments

    Here’s what’s stopping cities from converting offices into apartments

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    Some U.S. mayors are loosening up rules that determine how developers convert office buildings into apartment complexes. The conversion trend sped up in the 2020s, as the Covid pandemic remote work boom reshaped cities. Declines in office leasing activity is constraining funding for services like education and transit, leading some local leaders to prioritize conversion of dated buildings. These rule changes may create some additional housing supply in regions like the U.S. East Coast.

    11:46

    Sat, Jul 15 20237:00 AM EDT

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  • Why Citigroup’s shift to wealth management is a risky bet

    Why Citigroup’s shift to wealth management is a risky bet

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    Since the company’s collapse during the 2008 recession, Citigroup’s stock has continuously struggled, with shares falling more than 30% over the past five years.

    In response, Jane Fraser, the CEO of Citigroup, announced a bold shift in company strategy, and it has exited 14 consumer markets outside of the United States since April 2021.

    “What’s been obvious to analysts for a long time is that Citi had become too unwieldy and too big to manage,” said Hugh Son, a banking reporter at CNBC. “Ultimately, a lot of the disparate parts overseas didn’t really have very many synergies between them.”

    Citigroup instead announced its plans to divert resources and double down on wealth management. It’s a tactical move that several other major banks like Bank of America and Wells Fargo have adopted in recent years.

    “It offers high returns and it creates growth opportunities in areas that are in the early stages of wealth generation like Asia and the Middle East,” according to Mike Mayo, a senior banking analyst at Wells Fargo Securities. “And it comes with less risk of big mishaps so the regulatory treatment is better.”

    Despite the shift in strategy, though, Citigroup’s investment in wealth management hasn’t started to pay off. In 2022, the firm expected global wealth management to generate a compound annual revenue growth in the high single digits to low teens.

    But, instead, Citigroup’s wealth management revenue fell 5% year over year in the second quarter of 2023.

    “It waits to be seen whether Citigroup will be successful,” said Mayo. “I’m skeptical, for as much as I am more positive about Citi’s strategy when it comes to their global payments or banking or markets business. I think it’s to be determined how this wealth management strategy plays out.”

    Citigroup declined to provide someone for CNBC to interview for this piece.

    Watch the video above to see how Citigroup is planning its comeback.

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  • How Citigroup is planning its comeback

    How Citigroup is planning its comeback

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    Since the company’s collapse during the 2008 recession, Citigroup’s stock has continuously struggled, with shares falling more than 30% over the past five years. In response, Jane Fraser, the CEO of Citigroup, announced a bold shift in company strategy, doubling down on wealth management while exiting 14 consumer markets outside of the United States since April 2021. So has Citi’s bet paid off and can the onetime financial colossus return to its former glory?

    10:26

    Fri, Jul 14 202310:13 AM EDT

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  • Marlboro maker Altria’s bet on smoke-free products

    Marlboro maker Altria’s bet on smoke-free products

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    Cigarettes were once prominently displayed in Hollywood films and glossy magazines. But decades of evidence that smoking kills has caused consumption to plummet. 

    The tobacco industry sold fewer than 11 billion packs of cigarettes in the U.S. in 2020, down from more than 21 billion packs two decades earlier, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

    That has caused an existential crisis for tobacco companies

    Altria, the parent company of Philip Morris USA and the nation’s largest tobacco company, reported an almost 10% drop in cigarette sales last year compared with the year prior. The maker of Marlboro says it wants to help smokers transition away from cigarettes to what it calls “reduced harm alternatives” such as e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn products.

    But Altria’s pivot has raised eyebrows among its critics. Cigarettes and cigars made up about 89% of sales last year. 

    So, are e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn products less harmful than traditional cigarettes? What effect will those devices have on kids?

    Watch the video to learn more.

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  • This couple quit their jobs and ‘sold everything we owned’ to buy a $1.6 million campground—now it’s worth $6 million

    This couple quit their jobs and ‘sold everything we owned’ to buy a $1.6 million campground—now it’s worth $6 million

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    In 2016, Mark Lemoine came home from work and told his wife Karla Lemoine he wanted to quit his job and buy a campground.

    There was a lot on the line: Mark made $200,000 per year working for the Michigan state government, and Karla was a stay-at-home mom. Two of their four children were in college. Both were lifelong campers, but they’d never owned a business.

    Swayed by the promise of adventure, Karla agreed. Within six months, they found a franchised Kampgrounds of America site for sale in Benton Harbor, Michigan, a rural lake town nestled between Grand Rapids and Chicago.

    The Lemoines put their house on the market, withdrew all their savings and “sold everything we owned to buy the campground” for $1.6 million, Mark says.

    Mark and Karla Lemoine sold their house, car and more to buy a campground in Benton Harbor, Michigan.

    Devin Lieberman

    That wasn’t their only expense: Since buying the campground, they’ve spent another $1.5 million on renovations, and annual upkeep costs up to $700,000 a year, according to documents reviewed by CNBC Make It.

    All those investments are paying off. The campground is now worth $6 million, a recent Kampgrounds of America valuation found. It brought in $1.2 million in revenue last year, enough for the Lemoines to pay themselves a combined $150,000 in salary.

    They’re still $50,000 shy of their previous annual household income, but say they plan to keep running the campground for a simple reason: They’re happier.

    “We saw the wear and tear of working for corporate America on Mark and on our family dynamics,” Karla says. “Now, owning our business, we’re the bosses. We create and manage stress. For us, it’s a healthier lifestyle.”

    Here’s how they manage their finances now, and those of the campground.

    Using all their resources

    When Mark and Karla first decided to buy the campground — officially called the Coloma/St. Joseph KOA Holiday site — they were five years away from paying off their house in Rockford, Michigan. That meant they had to get creative to find their $1.6 million.

    They sold their car, and made $1,500 selling their things in a garage sale. They took $20,000 out of their personal savings and Roth IRAs, and $200,000 from their 401(k)s. They sold their house for another $180,000, and covered the remainder with a bank loan, they say.

    The Lemoines had to get creative to pay for their dream $1.6 million campground.

    CNBC Make It

    After selling their house, the Lemoines moved with two of their children into a four-bedroom apartment above one of the campground’s general store. It took time for their kids to adjust, Karla says, but the couple knew the decision would eventually lessen the strain on their family.

    “People think a steady job, a steady paycheck and a good employer is security,” Karla says. “Mark had been through a couple of downsizings in his career, and I think we just realized you can’t always count on [those things]. We decided to take control of our own future, our own destiny.”

    Adding non-traditional revenue streams

    When the Lemoines bought the campground, it had been around for 48 years. It came equipped with cabins and designated zones for tents and RV parking, but nearly everything needed updating.

    They immediately renovated the bathrooms and completely redid the general store. They built a “robust cafe,” Mark says, adding another revenue source that doubled as a place for campers to grab a snack or coffee.

    The payoff wasn’t immediate. In their first camping season — April to October — the park brought in $390,000. They put almost every penny back into the campground.

    The Lemoines added several upgrades to the campground, including glamping tents, to build revenue.

    Devin Lieberman

    The strategy worked: The campground’s annual revenue grew. So in 2021, they tried it again, taking out a $300,000 mortgage to add five deluxe cabins.

    The renovations drove more business to the campground, along with a pandemic-era push to get people outside that summer, Mark says. The site brought in nearly $1 million in 2021 revenue, roughly $150,000 more than it did 2020.

    Shifting how they think about money

    In 2021, after all four Lemoine children officially moved out, Mark and Karla bought and moved into an 34-foot RV. They spend each offseason, from November to March, traveling the country.

    The campground’s revenue hasn’t exactly made them rich. They consider the property their retirement fund, since they cashed out their 401(k)s to buy it in the first place. But one day, they plan to sell the site — and even at today’s valuation, $6 million would represent a significant return on their investment.

    “It’s not like we just went out on a big vacation or bought a house that we can’t really afford,” Mark says. “We bought something that produces income, so that debt doesn’t scare us as much.”

    For now, the Lemoines say they’ll keep operating and growing the campground, and traveling whenever they can. Even without factoring in a potential sale, the lifestyle shift has been worth every penny, they say.

    “We describe it as a midlife reset where we just punch the button and did everything very different,” Mark says. “And when everything you own is literally underneath your feet, you got to figure out how to make it work.”

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  • Why Charles Schwab became a financial ‘supermarket’

    Why Charles Schwab became a financial ‘supermarket’

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    Charles Schwab Corp. is the largest publicly traded brokerage business in the United States with $7.5 trillion of client assets, and is a leading service provider for financial advisors, among the top exchange-traded fund asset managers and one of the biggest banks.

    “It would be fair to characterize Charles Schwab as a financial services supermarket,” Michael Wong, director of North American equity research and financial services at Morningstar, told CNBC. “Anything that you want, you can find in Charles Schwab’s platform.”

    Over the decades, Charles Schwab helped usher in a low-cost investing revolution while surviving market crashes and fierce competition — even when the game was taken up a notch to zero-fee commissions in 2019. 

    “Inherently, this is a scale business. The larger you are, the more efficient you are from an expense perspective,” Alex Fitch, portfolio manager for the Oakmark Select Fund and the Oakmark Equity and Income Fund, which invests in Charles Schwab, told CNBC. “It enables you to cut prices.”

    Various facets of Charles Schwab’s business compete against many legacy full-service brokers and investment bankers, including Fidelity, Edward Jones, Interactive Brokers, Stifel, JPMorgan, Morgan Stanley and UBS. And, it has to battle in the financial tech market against companies like Robinhood, Ally Financial and SoFi. 

    The melee reached a turning point in 2019 when Charles Schwab announced it was slashing commissions for stock, ETF and options trades to zero, matching the fees offered by Robinhood when it entered the market in 2014.

    Quickly, other companies followed suit and cut fees, which damaged TD Ameritrade’s business enough that Charles Schwab ended up acquiring it in a $26 billion all-stock deal less two months later.

    Charles Schwab was among the firms that benefited from the growth of retail investing during the coronavirus pandemic, and it’s now facing the consequences of Federal Reserve’s aggressive interest rate hikes. 

    That’s because of Charles Schwab’s huge banking business that generates revenue from sweep accounts, which are when the firm uses money leftover in investors’ portfolios and reinvests it in securities, like government bonds, to help turn a profit. 

    Charles Schwab told CNBC it was unable to participate in this documentary.

    Watch the video above to learn more about how Charles Schwab battled the ever-evolving financial services market – from fees to fintech – and how the reward doesn’t come without the risk. 

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  • The rise of Albemarle, the world’s largest lithium producer

    The rise of Albemarle, the world’s largest lithium producer

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    Demand for lithium, a key component for electric vehicle batteries, is expected to surge, from 500,000 metric tons of lithium carbonate in 2021 to three to four million metric tons in less than a decade, according to McKinsey & Company.

    Albemarle, the world’s top producer of this critical metal and the operator of mines in Australia, Chile and the U.S., says it plans to bring another domestic lithium mine online by 2027 — Kings Mountain in North Carolina. It already operates Silver Peak in Nevada.

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    Albemarle is also building a $1.3 billion processing facility in South Carolina, where it will process battery-grade lithium hydroxide. The plant will support the manufacturing of 2.4 million electric vehicles annually and be able to process lithium from recycled batteries.

    Despite that growth, Albemarle faces a number of potential headwinds including a possible economic downturn that could slow the demand for EVs, new battery chemistries that could reduce the need for lithium, battery recycling and additional competitors. Tesla began construction of a lithium refinery in Texas in 2023.  

    To better understand how lithium, known as “White Gold,” is extracted, the challenges involved and where production is moving to next, CNBC got a behind-the-scenes look at Albemarle’s operations in Chile and the U.S.

    Watch the video to learn more.

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