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Tag: veterinary advice

  • Signs of Illness in Dogs and Preventive Care | Animal Wellness Magazine

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    Every dog shares a special bond with their human. Understanding your dog is crucial, especially when health is at stake. Dogs communicate through behavior and physical signs. Recognizing these signs can be lifesaving.

    Overlooked Signs of Sickness

    Imagine a beloved companion suddenly struggling to rise or showing a lack of interest in activities they once loved. Bad breath or excessive drooling might seem innocent, but these can indicate underlying health issues. Changes in drinking habits or weight fluctuations also signal distress. Pay attention to increased sleep or respiratory problems like coughing. These signs don’t just show a shift in behavior; they reveal silent pain or discomfort.

    Regular vigilance transforms into early detection. Catching these signals allows for timely veterinary visits, which can prevent serious conditions from worsening.

    The Importance of Preventive Care

    Preventive care is crucial for ensuring ongoing health. Regular check-ups reveal hidden health problems, often before they become serious. Blood tests, urine analyses, and thyroid checks uncover issues that might go unnoticed.

    Establish a routine of annual screenings. This proactive approach allows for a baseline of health, making it easier to notice any changes. Little steps, such as maintaining a balanced diet and monitoring exercise levels, contribute significantly to long-term wellness.

    Holistic Approaches to Health Management

    Holistic care encompasses more than just veterinary visits. A well-rounded approach to health includes nutrition, exercise, and mental stimulation. Choose high-quality, nutritious food tailored to your dog’s specific needs. Incorporate regular physical activity to keep them fit and engaged.

    Consider natural supplements for joint health or skin issues, and explore alternative therapies like acupuncture or massage. These options can enhance overall well-being and comfort.

    Building a Stronger Connection

    Understanding health signals deepens the bond between a dog and their human. Engage in activities that promote mental and emotional health. Regular playtime, interactive toys, and training sessions foster a happier, healthier life.

    Communicate with your veterinarian about any changes observed. Forming a collaborative relationship ensures comprehensive care. The goal is to create a safe and loving environment where every behavior is understood.

    Don’t wait for symptoms to escalate. Stay informed and proactive. Regular check-ups and a keen eye on behavior can save lives. Embrace a holistic approach to health, and make every moment count. Your dog deserves nothing less than the best.


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    Animal Wellness is North America’s top natural health and lifestyle magazine for dogs and cats, with a readership of over one million every year. AW features articles by some of the most renowned experts in the pet industry, with topics ranging from diet and health related issues, to articles on training, fitness and emotional well being.

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  • Understanding Canine Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia | Animal Wellness Magazine

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    Imagine the fear and confusion when your beloved companion shows signs of lethargy and weakness. Canine Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia (IMHA) can strike without warning. This serious condition occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks red blood cells, leading to dangerous anemia. Early recognition of symptoms like jaundice and dark urine becomes essential for timely intervention.

    Recognizing the Signs

    Watch for subtle changes in behavior. Symptoms of IMHA range from mild to severe. Lethargy, labored breathing, and pale gums signal a need for immediate veterinary attention. Understanding these warning signs can save lives. A thorough examination and blood tests help confirm the diagnosis and uncover underlying causes, such as infections or adverse reactions to medications.

    Treatment Strategies

    Once diagnosed, treatment focuses on stabilizing the patient. This may involve hospitalization and supportive care. Immunosuppressive medications help control the immune response. Anticoagulants prevent blood clots, a common complication of IMHA. Regular monitoring ensures the effectiveness of treatment and adjusts medications as necessary. This collaborative approach fosters recovery and enhances quality of life.

    Holistic Prevention

    Prevention plays a crucial role in managing IMHA. A balanced, nutritious diet supports overall health. Incorporate antioxidants to strengthen the immune system. Regular veterinary check-ups help monitor health and catch potential issues early. Reduce stress through consistent routines and a calm environment. Engaging in appropriate exercise maintains physical and mental well-being.

    Building a Supportive Community

    Connect with other guardians facing similar challenges. Sharing experiences and advice fosters a sense of community. This network provides emotional support and valuable insights that enhance care strategies. You can also join online classes to learn more about the disease.

    While Canine Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia poses serious risks, proactive management and support lead to positive outcomes. Stay vigilant and responsive to any changes in behavior. Remember, timely intervention and care can make a significant difference. With dedication and love, every companion has the potential for a fulfilling life.


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    Animal Wellness is North America’s top natural health and lifestyle magazine for dogs and cats, with a readership of over one million every year. AW features articles by some of the most renowned experts in the pet industry, with topics ranging from diet and health related issues, to articles on training, fitness and emotional well being.

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  • Is Your Dog’s Thyroid Health at Risk? | Animal Wellness Magazine

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    Thyroid health plays a crucial role in your dog’s overall well-being. An imbalance can lead to various health issues, including weight gain, lethargy, and skin problems. Understanding how to support thyroid function is essential for every dog caregiver.

    The Importance of Thyroid Hormones

    The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism, energy levels, and growth. When the thyroid malfunctions, your dog may experience fatigue and weight fluctuations. Recognizing the signs of thyroid dysfunction early can lead to better outcomes.

    If you notice changes in your dog’s behavior, such as increased thirst or frequent urination, consult your veterinarian. Early diagnosis and intervention can prevent complications and restore your dog’s vitality.

    Kelp: A Natural Thyroid Booster

    Kelp is a fantastic natural source of iodine, which is vital for thyroid health. This sea vegetable contains natural minerals that support hormone production. Adding kelp to your dog’s diet promotes healthy thyroid function and overall well-being.

    Consider incorporating dried kelp powder into meals. Always consult your veterinarian before introducing new supplements to ensure they meet your dog’s specific needs.

    Selenium-Rich Foods for Thyroid Support

    Selenium plays a significant role in thyroid hormone metabolism. Foods rich in selenium help maintain healthy thyroid function. Incorporate sources like grains, fish, and eggs into your dog’s diet.

    If your dog has dietary restrictions, consult your veterinarian for alternative sources of selenium. Ensuring a balanced and nutritious diet supports their thyroid health effectively.

    Iodine Sources: A Key Component

    Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Including iodine-rich foods in your dog’s diet helps maintain optimal thyroid function. Seaweed and fish are excellent sources.

    Monitor your dog’s iodine intake to prevent deficiencies or excess. A balanced approach is vital for maintaining thyroid health.

    Preventive Measures

    Preventing thyroid issues involves adopting a holistic approach. Regular exercise helps maintain a healthy weight, supporting thyroid function. Engage your dog in daily activities to enhance their physical and mental health.

    Routine veterinary check-ups are essential for monitoring thyroid health. Your veterinarian can perform blood tests to assess hormone levels and identify any issues early.

    Foster a Healthy Environment

    Creating a stress-free environment contributes to thyroid health. Provide a safe, comfortable space for your dog to relax. Reducing stress helps maintain hormonal balance and supports overall well-being.

    Be proactive in observing changes in your dog’s behavior. Early detection of thyroid issues can lead to effective management and treatment.

    Supporting your dog’s thyroid health is vital for their happiness and vitality. Incorporate kelp, selenium-rich foods, and iodine sources into their diet. Regular exercise and routine check-ups ensure a healthier future. 


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    Animal Wellness is North America’s top natural health and lifestyle magazine for dogs and cats, with a readership of over one million every year. AW features articles by some of the most renowned experts in the pet industry, with topics ranging from diet and health related issues, to articles on training, fitness and emotional well being.

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  • Spay/Neuter Surgery Recovery for Dogs: Post-Op Care Guide | Animal Wellness Magazine

    Spay/Neuter Surgery Recovery for Dogs: Post-Op Care Guide | Animal Wellness Magazine

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    Spay/neuter surgery recovery for dogs can be stressful and uncomfortable, so proper post-op care is essential for a smooth and speedy recovery.

     

    Like most things, spaying or neutering our dogs has its pros and cons. While it can reduce the risk of certain cancers and behavioral issues, it can also increase the chances of other cancers and health problems down the road. Either way, the surgery itself can be stressful and uncomfortable for your four-legged friend. If you choose to spay or neuter your dog, knowing how to support their recovery is essential. This care will ensure your dog’s comfort and well-being.

     

    Preparing for surgery

    Here are some general guidelines to help prepare your dog for the procedure:

     

    1. Consult with your vet: Schedule a pre-surgery consultation to discuss the procedure, potential risks, and post-operative care instructions. Be sure you’re having the surgery done at the ideal age for your dog. For example, if you have a large breed, it’s best to wait until they’re at least a year old to avoid the possible future development of musculoskeletal problems, such as hip dysplasia or cranial cruciate ligament disease. 
    2. Follow fasting instructions: Your veterinarian will likely advise you to withhold food and water for a specific period before the surgery to prevent complications during anesthesia. Be sure to follow these instructions, even if your dog is hard to resist!

     

    Caring for your dog after surgery

    After spay-neuter surgery, your dog will need extra care and attention to ensure a smooth recovery. Here are some tips to help them recuperate:

     

    Create a recovery area

    Prepare a comfortable and quiet recovery area for your dog, with soft bedding and familiar toys to help them feel secure. 

    Manage pain

    Your veterinarian may prescribe pain medication or alternative remedies to keep your dog comfortable during the recovery period. Follow the dosage instructions carefully and monitor for any signs of discomfort.

    Restrict activity

    Limit your dog’s physical activity for the first few days to prevent complications and allow proper healing. Avoid activities such as running, jumping, or rough play. Strenuous activity increases your dog’s risk of developing swelling around the incision site that could result in the sutures prematurely dissolving, or the incision opening. 

    Monitor the incision site

    Keep a close eye on the incision site for any signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or discharge. Contact your vet immediately if you notice any concerning symptoms. Be sure to keep the incision dry; moisture creates an environment where bacteria can thrive, leading to complications such as infection or delayed healing. 

    Prevent licking or chewing

    Excessive licking or chewing can also cause infection or slow the healing process. To prevent your dog from irritating the surgical site, use an Elizabethan collar (cone) or a medical pet shirt to restrict access to the area. The collar or shirt should be worn for ten to 15 days following surgery. 

    Provide proper nutrition and hydration

    Offer your dog healthy, easy-to-digest meals in small portions, along with plenty of fresh water, to support their recovery. Keep in mind they may feel nauseated at first, and that it can take up to 48 hours for their appetite to return to normal. Follow any dietary recommendations provided by your veterinarian.

    Be diligent about follow-up care

    Attend any follow-up appointments scheduled by your veterinarian to ensure your dog is healing properly. They may need to remove stitches or assess your dog’s recovery progress. Also be sure to consult your vet if you have any concerns or questions about your dog’s post-operative care.

     

    Helping your dog through spay/neuter surgery recovery requires patience, diligence, and a lot of love. By following these guidelines and providing the necessary care and support, you can help ensure your best friend experiences a smooth and comfortable recovery process. With proper attention and affection, your dog will be back to their happy, healthy self before you know it!

     

    Emotional Support During Spay/Neuter Surgery Recovery

    In addition to physical care, emotional support is crucial to spay/neuter surgery recovery for dogs. Here are some ways to help them feel safe and loved:

     

    1. Comfort and reassurance: Spend quality time with your dog, offering gentle cuddles and reassuring words to alleviate any anxiety or stress they may be experiencing.
    2. Routine and familiarity: Stick to your dog’s regular routine as much as possible to provide a sense of stability and familiarity during this period of change.
    3. Positive reinforcement: Use positive reinforcement techniques, such as healthy treats and praise, to encourage good behavior and reinforce the bond between you and your dog.
    4. Patience and understanding: Know that your dog may be feeling sore and tired after surgery, so be understanding. if they seem less active or responsive than usual.

     

    Behavioral changes after spay-neuter

    After spaying or neutering, you may notice some behavioral changes in your dog, such as a decrease in roaming and marking behaviors, reduced aggression, and a lower likelihood of mating-related behaviors like mounting. However, each dog is unique, so the extent of behavioral changes can vary from animal to animal. It’s always a good idea to talk to your veterinarian for personalized advice about your dog’s specific circumstances.


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  • Why cats benefit from a regular routine | Animal Wellness Magazine

    Why cats benefit from a regular routine | Animal Wellness Magazine

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    If something in your household has changed recently, you may notice your cat behaving oddly. Cats are very sensitive to their surroundings, and any disruptions to their routines or environments can lead to stress. These changes can range from a family member moving out to renovations in the home. Affected cats might exhibit physical and behavioral signs, such as hiding, anxiety, aggression, or eliminating outside the litter box. Let’s explore why the benefits of a routine for cats are crucial and how you can support your feline during times of transition.

    Why Do Cats Need Routine?

    Cats understand time, and perceive it through episodic memory, according to a 2018 study from Northwestern University. A routine translates to predictability, control over their environment, and a sense of safety. When cats feel secure, they don’t have to remain in “fight or flight” mode, allowing their immune systems to function properly.

    “The need for control is a biological imperative for survival,” state Dr. Tony Buffington and Melissa Bain, professors from UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine. Their 2020 study found three levels of stressful events for cats, including changes in routine, and the following corresponding stress responses:

    1. Mild Stress Response: This brief, moderate stress allows cats to develop coping skills but requires a stable, predictable environment with supportive relationships.
    2. Moderate Stress Response: This arises from significant perceived threats, such as instability at home or illness. The manageability of stress depends on the cat’s perception of control.
    3. Severe Stress Response: Prolonged exposure to events like chronic abuse or illness results in severe stress that can have lasting effects.

    Cats can show a wide range of symptoms from stress, which may impact various organs and systems, including their gastrointestinal tract, skin, and even cardiovascular health. Recent findings point to the significance of “central sensitivity syndrome”, which results in a certain unpredictability of individual outcomes. Your veterinarian’s expertise can help predict symptoms based on your cat’s individual health issues, especially during transitions. Understanding the benefits of a routine for cats can help mitigate these stress responses.

    How to Support Your Cat Through a Difficult Transition

    Research suggests several strategies to help your cat adapt to a change in routine. While these tips are framed around moving to a new location, they can apply to various changes:

    • Prepare Your Kitty: Set expectations before the change occurs. For instance, when preparing to move, get your cat used to her carrier by associating it with positive experiences.
    • Provide Environmental Enrichment: Cats thrive on curiosity. Introduce new, safe areas for exploration to distract them from stress. In a new house, for example, introduce a vertical safe space first so your cat knows they can climb up to safety.
    • Utilize Olfactory Stimulation: A 2022 study demonstrated the connection between the olfactory system and stress response. Placing familiar scents, like toys or cat grass, in new spaces can help calm your cat.
    • Incorporate Natural Calming Strategies: Use soothing music specifically composed for cats, as their auditory systems are highly responsive.
    • Focus on Positive Reinforcement: Avoid punishment for unwanted behaviors, as this only heightens stress. Positive reinforcement fosters a sense of security.

    Change is an inevitable part of life, but by recognizing and taking steps to alleviate them, you can help your cat navigate through transitions. Understanding the benefits of a routine for cats during these times is essential.

    Research Into Feline Behavior

    Despite being domesticated for about 10,000 years, serious research into feline behavior and welfare has only gained traction in recent decades. Our understanding of how cats interact with their environment and each other continues to evolve.

    Studies indicate that a consistent routine is vital for feline well-being. This includes regular feeding schedules and stable interaction patterns with caregivers. Research from Ohio State University has linked changes in routine to sickness behaviors in cats, including decreased food intake, vomiting and inappropriate elimination.

    A 2013 study revealed additional stress-induced symptoms like fever, lethargy, and decreased activity levels. Stressors such as multiple unfamiliar caretakers or disrupted social interactions can exacerbate these issues.

    Natural Remedies for Routine Changes

    To help your cat manage routine changes, consider natural remedies like:

    By acknowledging your cat’s need for routine and taking proactive measures, you can help her feel secure and content, even amidst life’s inevitable changes. Recognizing the benefits of a routine for cats is key to ensuring their well-being.


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    Anna Killinger is a former university professor and researcher in the field of Sustainability and Human Attitudes Toward Animals. Being an Adoption Counselor at a local Humane Society enabled her to see how feline behavior changes in various environments. She currently takes care of four cats.

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  • Signs of Canine Cognitive Dysfunction: Could It Affect Your Dog? | Animal Wellness Magazine

    Signs of Canine Cognitive Dysfunction: Could It Affect Your Dog? | Animal Wellness Magazine

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    Behavioral changes can be signs of Canine Cognitive Dysfunction (CCD). Learn how to recognize it, and how a combination of conventional and alternative therapies can help treat it.

    Does your dog ever show signs of disorientation or anxiety? Does he seem lost, or have more accidents in the house? He may have canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD), a condition that mirrors the cognitive decline seen in humans with dementia, specifically Alzheimer’s disease. This article will help you recognize the signs of Canine Cognitive Dysfunction, understand why it occurs, and explore how an integrative approach can help both treat and prevent it.

     

    Causes and prevalence of CCD

    Canine Cognitive Dysfunction arises from the accumulation of neurotoxic proteins in the dog’s brain. This leads to the formation of plaques and, in turn, impaired cognitive function.

    The risk of developing canine cognitive dysfunction increases as dogs get older, with signs of cognitive decline potentially appearing as early as six years of age. Larger breeds tend to show symptoms earlier than smaller breeds, but the occurrence of CCD varies across all dogs, with differences in onset, progression, and severity.

     

    Signs and symptoms 

    The behavioral and cognitive changes associated with CCD can profoundly affect a dog’s quality of life. Symptoms include:

     

    • Sleep-wake cycle disturbances

     

    • Altered social interactions

     

     

    • Changes in activity level

     

     

     

    • Decreased interest in play

     

    • Impaired learning and memory

     

     

     

    These signs not only signal a decline in the dog’s cognitive abilities, but also pose challenges for families in managing daily needs and maintaining a healthy human-animal bond.

    An integrative treatment approach to CCD

    A combination of management strategies, medications, dietary changes, and environmental enrichment can slow the progression of canine cognitive dysfunction and improve the affected dog’s quality of life. This integrative approach encompasses both traditional and alternative treatments.

    1. Dietary changes and supplements: Nutritional interventions play a crucial role in managing CCD. Healthy diets rich in antioxidants, Omega-3 fatty acids, medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), and specific vitamins and minerals may support brain health and slow cognitive decline. Supplements such as S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), phosphatidylserine, and certain phytochemicals like curcumin have shown promise in clinical studies.

     

    1. Chinese herbal therapy: Traditional Chinese Medicine, including the use of herbs like ginkgo biloba and ginseng, supports cognitive function in dogs with CCD. These treatments have gained attention for their potential to address cognitive impairment. “In my clinical practice, I’ve found remarkable success treating CCD by integrating conventional nutraceuticals with Chinese herbal supplements,” says Dr. Curtis Dewey, a renowned veterinary neurologist.

     

    1. Medications: On the conventional side, drugs such as selegiline, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, aim to mitigate symptoms and enhance the dog’s cognitive abilities.

     

    Preventive measures and slowing progression

     

    Prevention serves as the best defense against canine cognitive dysfunction. Interventions focus on delaying the onset of cognitive decline.

    • Maintaining proper dental care in your dog from an early age ranks as one of the best prevention tactics — research shows a relationship between periodontal disease/inflammation and cognitive decline in dogs.

     

    • Other strategies include engaging your dog in regular physical exercise, social interactions, cognitive training, and dietary management from middle age onwards.

     

    • The use of preventive supplements as outlined above, along with environmental enrichment (see below) and regular veterinary check-ups will help maintain your dog’s cognitive health and identify early signs of CCD.

     

    Environmental enrichment strategies

    In addition to medical interventions, environmental enrichment and lifestyle modifications play vital roles. Engaging your dog in mentally stimulating activities, such as puzzle toys, scent games, and interactive play, can enhance cognitive function and overall well-being. Tailoring these activities to your individual dog’s preferences and abilities keeps your furry friend engaged and mentally active.

     

    A comprehensive approach to CCD works best

     

    Understanding and managing canine cognitive dysfunction requires a comprehensive approach that addresses the physiological, emotional, and environmental needs of the aging dog. By being aware of the signs of canine cognitive dysfunction, you can work with your veterinarian to improve your dog’s quality of life. Early detection, individualized care, and ongoing support of the canine-human bond all remain crucial when navigating the challenges of cognitive decline. If your dog is ever affected by CCD, you and your veterinarian can work together to improve his quality of life by understanding its parallels to human dementia, recognizing the signs and symptoms, and implementing a combination of integrative treatment and preventive strategies.

     

    How CCD compares with Alzheimer’s 

    The striking parallels between CCD and Alzheimer’s disease in humans provide a framework for understanding how cognitive decline manifests across species. Both conditions involve the buildup of similar neurotoxic proteins that disrupt normal brain function.

    Despite these similarities, there are notable differences in the progression and impact of the disease in both species. Dogs with CCD often experience a milder form of cognitive dysfunction compared to the often debilitating progression observed in humans with Alzheimer’s. This difference suggests that while the underlying pathological processes share similarities, the expression and outcome of the disease can vary significantly between dogs and humans. The good news is that dogs respond well to treatment.

     

    See the vet

    Keep in mind that many symptoms of canine cognitive dysfunction can also signal other conditions. It’s always important to have your dog checked out by your veterinarian when and if you notice any changes in his behavior.


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    Theresa W. Fossum, D.V.M., M.S., Ph.D., DACVS is currently CEO of Epic Veterinary Specialists and CEO and Co-Founder at Dr. Fossum’s Pet Care.

    Dr. Fossum was previously the Vice President of Research and Strategic Initiatives and a Professor of Veterinary Surgery at Midwestern University. Dr. Fossum is responsible for overseeing the development of the Midwestern University Institute for Healthcare Innovation (IHI) including but not limited to clinical trials, new research funding programs and related work that impacts the One Health philosophy of Midwestern University.

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    Theresa W. Fossum, DVM, MS. PhD, Diplomate ACVS

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