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  • China’s first global gaming hit sells millions in a week. An early investor shares what’s next

    China’s first global gaming hit sells millions in a week. An early investor shares what’s next

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    People walk past the image of the ‘Monkey King’ character, or ‘Sun Wukong’ of Chinese action role-playing game ‘Black Myth: Wukong’, developed by Chinese video game company Game Science, during its launch day in Hangzhou, in eastern China’s Zhejiang province on August 20, 2024.

    Str | Afp | Getty Images

    BEIJING – China’s first attempt at a top-tier video game has smashed world records, bolstering the industry’s global ambitions just a few years after Beijing’s gaming crackdown.

    Black Myth: Wukong, an action game set in mythological China, sold more than 10 million units three days after its launch on Aug. 20. Ten days later, the title still ranked second by revenue in the U.S., and No. 1 globally, according to the Steam video game platform where it sells for around $60 or more.

    “I think the next triple-A game is likely very close, because Black Myth: Wukong has shown everyone that a China-made AAA game can reach such high global sales,” said Dino Ying, chairman of Hero Games, which co-published the game and was an early investor in its developer Game Science. That’s according to a CNBC translation of his Mandarin-language remarks in an exclusive interview Thursday.

    Ying said he knew of at least one such game under development, which his business partner at Hero Games has invested in. But he declined to share a timeframe.

    As for how well Black Myth: Wukong has done, Ying only said sales have since increased by “much more” than the 10 million unit figure, although he indicated it had not yet doubled.

    He said that in the future, the company’s game releases will have a global strategy from the start. He also expects foreign AAA game developers to realize how large China’s market is and tailor more features to Chinese players.

    AAA games generally refer to titles with high graphics quality and significant marketing. That’s meant such video games have tended to come from companies such as Nintendo, Ubisoft and Electronic Arts.

    “China is a big country. We’re talking about 1 million concurrent players,” said Ivan Su, senior equity analyst at Morningstar. “China has 600 million gamers.”

    He said the reason why China hasn’t previously developed its own AAA game, which are typically played on computers and consoles, is the years-long production time. “It’s much more cost-effective if you create mobile games,” Su said.

    Apple’s Tim Cook visited Hero Games

    When Hero Games first invested in Game Science, Apple CEO Tim Cook visited in 2017 and was so impressed by the first game, Art of War: Red Tides, he gave it the front page of the iOS App store in 178 countries, Ying said.

    But that wasn’t a commercial success.

    Apple CEO Tim Cook visited the office of Hero Games in 2017 after it invested in Game Science, which went on to develop Black Myth: Wukong.

    Hero Games

    Hero Games had already spent three years investing 60 million yuan (about $8.5 million today) in two failed projects from Game Science when the developer approached Ying and his team in August 2020 about Black Myth: Wukong, he said.

    “We’re very lucky, we didn’t give up on Game Science before it succeeded,” Ying said, noting his business partner Daniel Wu, now CEO of Hero Games, had first discovered the startup.

    “We aren’t saying to blindly wait for all people,” he said. “When you see that kind of talent, you need to be confident that that talent has been underappreciated. It may not have found the right direction. [So you just need to] help it to find it.”

    ‘Best game that I have seen’ 

    Two days before Game Science planned to release a promotional video for Black Myth: Wukong, the company showed it to Ying and asked his team for at least 100 million yuan more, he said. If not, he said the startup planned to ask Bilibili, a major Chinese video streaming and game platform.

    After watching the video, Ying said he told his team that “I really don’t want to miss this opportunity because this is the best game that I have seen in my life.”

    Tencent then bought a 5% stake, but said it would not interfere with Game Science’s plans, Ying said. “Because this was an AAA game, under the normal process of a big business, there was no way it would have been approved.”

    Hero Games’ initial investment in Game Science was for a 20% stake.

    Beijing has only in the last two years started to approve games, after suspending new titles and limiting how many hours minors could play in 2021.

    Black Myth: Wukong got China’s government approval in February. No part of the game needed to be changed for it to pass, Ying said.

    “Personally I think in the past two years the regulation is increasingly respectful of the game industry and is beneficial to its development,” Ying said, noting that one or two years ago, there “was a misunderstanding.”

    Massive market potential

    In the first half of this year, domestic game sales in China reached 147.27 billion yuan, said Ashley Dudarenok, founder of China digital consultancy ChoZan, citing industry figures.

    But console game revenue was just 0.5% of that, she said.

    Ying pointed out that many people in China bought PlayStations or upgraded their graphics cards after Black Myth: Wukong’s release, similar to how many people first bought the Nintendo Switch because of Zelda.

    Something that’s lasted 1,000 years, people will definitely like it

    Dino Ying

    Hero Games, chairman

    As for the global market, Dudarenok said overseas sales of China-developed games rose to $16.4 billion in 2023, up from $11.6 billion in 2019.

    “Chinese games often incorporate rich cultural elements that appeal more and more to a global audience,” she said. “This unique cultural flavor sets them apart from games developed in other regions”

    Ying said he expects China has at least five to 10 other stories that have been passed down over the last millennia that can be turned into games.

    “If I create a new thing, I don’t know if people will like it. But something that’s lasted 1,000 years, people will definitely like it,” Ying said. “We don’t know why it was preserved over so many years. But we just need to respect the [original] artisans.”

    He said Game Science sent teams and equipment to ancient temples in China to scan and replicate the designs, boosting the game’s immersive feel.

    Indie Chinese games 

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  • Alibaba Sales Rise 7% After Going Back to Basics

    Alibaba Sales Rise 7% After Going Back to Basics

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    (Bloomberg) — Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. reported a 6.6% rise in revenue after its main e-commerce and cloud businesses managed only modest growth.

    Most Read from Bloomberg

    Revenue for the three months ended March rose to 221.9 billion yuan ($30.7 billion), compared with analysts’ estimates for 219.8 billion yuan. Net income dived a worse-than-expected 86% after accounting for losses from publicly traded holdings. Its shares slid about 5% in pre-market trading.

    Investors are closely watching results from Alibaba, a barometer of Chinese consumer sentiment, amid persistent worries about a loss of business to rivals from PDD Holdings Inc. to ByteDance Ltd. The choppy economic recovery is also roiling the company as it tries to revive growth after a years-long regulatory crackdown that kneecapped China’s private sector.

    On Tuesday, the company announced a $4 billion dividend for the fiscal year. Alibaba and Tencent Holdings Ltd. both reported results on Tuesday, offering clues to whether the Hong Kong equity rally has legs. Alibaba, which owns slices of public companies including SenseTime Group Inc. and Sun Art Retail Group Ltd., didn’t disclose which specific losses hammered net income, which came in well below expectations. Its main Chinese commerce division managed just 4% revenue growth, while the cloud arm grew 3%.

    Alibaba Chief Executive Officer Eddie Wu and Chairman Joe Tsai, longtime lieutenants of Jack Ma who took the helm from Daniel Zhang in September, are spearheading a turnaround of the e-commerce pioneer. They nixed major initiatives conceived under Zhang including listings logistics arm Cainiao and the $11 billion cloud unit, then decided to refocus on what they dubbed the customer experience and innovation.

    Wu took the helm after a period of unprecedented turmoil at Alibaba, which contended with Covid, Beijing’s internet crackdown and then a Chinese economic downturn in rapid succession.

    Ma weighed in on Alibaba’s turbulence last month, with a rare memo aimed at shoring up sagging morale among the company’s 200,000-plus employees. He emphasized that growth was returning at the company, despite its recent flip-flops, while acknowledging past mistakes.

    Wu this year took direct charge of the company’s e-commerce and cloud services arm, both under pressure after a series of mis-steps and regulatory scrutiny. It’s tried to enhance customer service, beef up its product lineup and introduced features such as easy returns. On the cloud front, the once-promising division is slashing prices to regain clients from state-backed companies such as China Telecom Corp. and the likes of Huawei Technologies Co.

    Away from the business, it’s hiving off non-core assets like stakes in streaming platform Bilibili and electric-vehicle maker XPeng Inc. to raise capital. It’s then funneled some of that cash into AI research and fast-growing startups like MiniMax.

    (Updates with share action in the second paragraph. A previous story corrected the scale of its net income drop.)

    Most Read from Bloomberg Businessweek

    ©2024 Bloomberg L.P.

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  • Reddit pops as much as 70% in NYSE debut after selling shares at top of range

    Reddit pops as much as 70% in NYSE debut after selling shares at top of range

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    Reddit shares jumped as much as 70% in their debut on Thursday in the first initial public offering for a major social media company since Pinterest hit the market in 2019.

    The 19-year-old website that hosts millions of online forums priced its IPO on Wednesday at $34 a share, the top of the expected range. Reddit and selling shareholders raised about $750 million from the offering, with the company collecting about $519 million.

    The stock opened at $47 and reached a high of $57.80. At that price, the company had a market cap of about $10.9 billion. Reddit shares then dropped to $48.64 roughly a half hour after they began trading, giving the company a market cap of about $7.9 billion.

    Trading under the ticker symbol “RDDT,” Reddit is testing investor appetite for new tech stocks after an extended dry spell for IPOs. Since the peak of the technology boom in late 2021, hardly any venture-backed tech companies have gone public and those that have — like Instacart and Klaviyo last year — have underwhelmed. On Wednesday, data center hardware company Astera Labs made its public market debut on Nasdaq and saw its shares soar 72%, underscoring investor excitement over businesses tied to the surge in artificial intelligence.

    At its IPO price, Reddit was valued at about $6.5 billion, a haircut from the company’s private market valuation of $10 billion in 2021, which was a boom year for the tech industry. The mood changed in 2022, as rising interest rates and soaring inflation pushed investors out of high-risk assets. Startups responded by conducting layoffs, trimming their valuations and shifting their focus to profit over growth.

    Reddit’s annual sales for 2023 rose 20% to $804 million from $666.7 million a year earlier, the company detailed in its prospectus. The company recorded a net loss of $90.8 million last year, narrower than its loss of $158.6 million in 2022.

    Based on its revenue over the past four quarters, Reddit’s market cap at IPO gave it a price-to-sales ratio of about 8. Alphabet trades for 6.1 times revenue, Meta has a multiple of 9.7, Pinterest’s sits at 7.5 and Snap trades for 3.9 times sales, according to FactSet.

    In addition to those companies, Reddit also counts X, Discord, Wikipedia and Amazon’s Twitch streaming service as competitors in its prospectus.

    Reddit is betting that data licensing could become a major source of revenue, and said in its filing that it’s entered “certain data licensing arrangements with an aggregate contract value of $203.0 million and terms ranging from two to three years.” This year, Reddit said it plans to recognize roughly $66.4 million in revenue as part of its data licensing deals.

    Google has also entered into an expanded partnership with Reddit, allowing the search giant to obtain more access to Reddit data to train AI models and improve its products.

    Reddit revealed on March 15 that the Federal Trade Commission is conducting a nonpublic inquiry “focused on our sale, licensing, or sharing of user-generated content with third parties to train AI models.” Reddit said it was “not surprised that the FTC has expressed interest” in the company’s data licensing practices related to AI, and that it doesn’t believe that it has “engaged in any unfair or deceptive trade practice.”

    Reddit was founded in 2005 by technology entrepreneurs Alexis Ohanian and Steve Huffman, the company’s CEO. Existing stakeholders, including Huffman, sold a combined 6.7 million shares in the IPO.

    As part of the IPO, Reddit gave some of its top moderators and users, known as Redditors, a chance to buy stock through a directed-share program. Companies like Airbnb, Doximity and Rivian have used similar programs to reward their power users and customers.

    “I hope they believe in Reddit and support Reddit,” Huffman told CNBC in an interview on Thursday. “But the goal is just to get them in the deal. Just like any professional investor.”

    Redditors have expressed skepticism about the IPO, both because of the company’s financials and its often troubled relationship with moderators. Huffman said he recognizes that reality and acknowledged the controversial subreddit Wallstreetbets, which helped spawn the surge in meme stocks like GameStop.

    “That’s the beautiful thing about Reddit, is that they tell it like it is,” Huffman said. “But you have to remember they’re doing that on Reddit. It’s a platform they love, it’s their home on the internet.”

    OpenAI CEO Sam Altman is one of Reddit’s major shareholders along with Tencent and Advance Magazine Publishers, the parent company of publishing giant Condé Nast. Altman’s stake in the company was worth over $400 million before the stock began trading. Altman led a $50 million funding round into Reddit in 2014 and was a member of its board from 2015 through 2022.

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  • British neobank Monzo raises $430 million in Alphabet-led round to relaunch in the U.S.

    British neobank Monzo raises $430 million in Alphabet-led round to relaunch in the U.S.

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    British digital bank Monzo on Tuesday raised $430 million in fresh capital from investors to help it relaunch its services in the U.S.

    Monzo raised the money in a new funding round led by CapitalG, the independent venture arm of Google parent company Alphabet.

    HongShan, the Chinese venture capital firm that split from Sequoia Capital last year, also backed the round, alongside existing backers Tencent and Passion Capital.

    Monzo, which is one of the U.K.’s most popular app-only banks, said the fresh cash would be used to accelerate its expansion plans. The bank’s CEO, TS Anil, told the Financial Times the capital would allow Monzo to crack the U.S. market after its previous foray was curtailed by U.S. regulators.

    “With backing from global investors, we have the rocket fuel to go after our ambitions harder and faster, building Monzo into the one app that sits at the centre of our customers’ financial lives,” Monzo CEO TS Anil said in a statement.

    “Each milestone we’ve reached to this point has given us more strength and speed to make strides towards our mission — now we’ll scale to even greater heights and seize the huge opportunity ahead.”

    The fresh cash comes off the back of bumper growth for Monzo in 2023.

    The U.K. neobank entered the black for the first time in the first two months of 2023. That came as Monzo reported 88% growth in revenues to £214.5 million ($272 million), up from £114 million in 2022.

    Relaunching in the U.S.

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  • Alibaba Leads Record Deal to Create $2.5 Billion China AI Firm

    Alibaba Leads Record Deal to Create $2.5 Billion China AI Firm

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    (Bloomberg) — Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. led the largest single financing round for a Chinese artificial intelligence startup, the latest in a string of sizeable investments that suggest the e-commerce firm is again deploying capital in the hunt for growth.

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    Alibaba joins Tencent Holdings Ltd. and Silicon Valley peers like Microsoft Corp. in placing big bets on generative AI, the technology that powers ChatGPT. It led a $1 billion funding round in Moonshot AI with existing backer Monolith Management, boosting the year-old firm’s valuation eight-fold to some $2.5 billion, people familiar with the deal said. They joined previous backers including the investment arm of food delivery giant Meituan and Hongshan, formerly Sequoia China, the people said, asking not to be identified discussing a private transaction.

    Founded in March 2023, Moonshot AI is among the better-known startups developing generative artificial intelligence in China, hoping to eventually match the likes of OpenAI and Google. It rolled out its Kimi chatbot to the public last November and has since launched a platform for developers to build AI applications atop its model. Its valuation stood at just $300 million when it secured initial funding.

    Moonshot AI declined to comment on the company’s fundraising details, which were first reported by local media including 36kr. Monolith confirmed its participation in the latest round, without details. Alibaba representatives didn’t respond to requests for comment.

    Read More: Billionaires and Bureaucrats Mobilize China for AI Race With US

    Alibaba’s new chiefs, Joseph Tsai and Eddie Wu, have pledged to turn around a flagging company hammered by two years of regulatory scrutiny and an economic downturn. It’s driving new investment into game-changing technologies such as AI, while orchestrating a complicated multi-way split that will bring business lines from cloud to logistics to the fore. Tsai has said the cloud unit now hosts half of China’s generative AI firms and serves about 80% of the country’s technology companies.

    But they’re getting into a field that’s getting crowded, as venture capital firms and tech leaders pour billions into training and developing AI services, mirroring a wave of activity across Silicon Valley and Europe. Other Chinese AI startups raising significant amounts from investors included Baichuan and Zhipu.

    That’s despite lingering concerns about US sanctions, which bar Chinese firms from buying the most powerful Nvidia Corp. chips used to train and run AI models. Washington has targeted China’s AI efforts because the technology has geopolitical and military applications, complicating an already tense relationship.

    Alibaba previously joined a $300 million-plus round for Zhipu in 2023 alongside longtime rival Tencent. The company is trying to revive the cloud business and integrate AI and its inhouse model — Tongyi Qianwen — across a sprawling business that also spans entertainment.

    Read More: China Startup Deals Plumb Four-Year Low Despite Mega Chip Deals

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    ©2024 Bloomberg L.P.

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  • Stocks Are Dragged Lower by Share Selloff in China: Markets Wrap

    Stocks Are Dragged Lower by Share Selloff in China: Markets Wrap

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    (Bloomberg) — Stocks in Asia were dragged down by losses in Hong Kong and China amid concern over tighter regulation on the gaming industry and fears the Chinese government’s efforts to bolster the economy are insufficient.

    Most Read from Bloomberg

    The Hang Seng Tech Index slid as much as 3.5%, putting it on course for the lowest close since November 2022. The three biggest drags on the MSCI Asia Pacific Index were Tencent Holdings Ltd., Alibaba Group Holdings Ltd. and Meituan, all Chinese tech firms. Benchmark stock indexes also fell in South Korea and Australia.

    Investor sentiment remains quite negative in China despite a rally in global stocks during the past two months of 2023, Nomura Group analysts including Chetan Seth in Singapore wrote in a client note. “In China, there have been more signs of support for the economy, but equity investors still do not appear convinced,” they said.

    European equity futures also edged lower before euro-zone retail sales and consumer confidence data that may give a better guide on the region’s economic recovery.

    US equity futures were little changed after the S&P 500 closed marginally higher Friday after payroll growth beat expectations but the service sector slowed. Japanese financial markets were shut Monday for a holiday.

    The dollar edged higher versus most of its Group-of-10 peers, while the yen strengthened ahead of Tokyo inflation data due Tuesday. Treasury 10-year futures dropped. There’s no trading of cash Treasuries in Asia due to the Japanese holiday.

    Rate-Cut Bets

    Global stocks slid the most since October last week as markets were rattled by a deluge of corporate issuance and the Federal Reserve indicated it was in no rush to cut interest rates.

    Still, markets are pricing in rate cuts by March and traders are now looking to the US inflation print due Thursday for the next major guide for the Fed outlook. The inflation data is expected to see the underlying measure ease further to 3.8% year-on-year in December from 4% in the month prior, according to a Bloomberg survey.

    For some investors, the rate-cut expectations have gone too far.

    “Even if US inflation conveniently falls back to target in H1-2024, it is hard to imagine the FOMC cutting much more aggressively than 150bps if the US economy avoids recession,” Eric Robertsen, global head of research and chief strategist at Standard Chartered Bank, wrote in a note. “The FOMC is unlikely to deliver on these market expectations, and we feel that short-end rate pricing is due for a correction.”

    Elsewhere, Boeing Co. shares will be in focus when Wall Street opens as groundings of the 737 Max 9 aircraft gathered pace globally after a fuselage section on a brand-new Alaska Airlines jet blew out during flight.

    In commodities, oil dropped after Saudi Arabia cut official selling prices for all regions, underscoring a worsening outlook and outweighing concern over Red Sea tensions and supply disruptions in Libya.

    Key events this week:

    • Eurozone economic confidence, retail sales, consumer confidence, Monday

    • Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic speaks, Monday

    • US House returns from recess, Monday

    • Australia retail sales, Tuesday

    • Japan Tokyo CPI, household spending, Tuesday

    • Eurozone unemployment, Tuesday

    • World Economic Forum’s global risks report released, Wednesday

    • US wholesale inventories, Wednesday

    • Deadline for US Securities & Exchange Commission to vote on Bitcoin ETF applications, Wednesday

    • New York Fed President John Williams speaks, Wednesday

    • US CPI, initial jobless claims, Thursday

    • China CPI, PPI, trade, Friday

    • France CPI, Friday

    • UK industrial production, Friday

    • US PPI, Friday

    • Bank of America, Bank of New York Mellon, BlackRock, Citigroup, JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo report fourth-quarter results, Friday

    • Minneapolis Fed President Neel Kashkari speaks, Friday

    Stocks

    • S&P 500 futures were little changed as of 6:30 a.m. London time. The S&P 500 rose 0.2% on Friday

    • Nasdaq 100 futures were little changed. The Nasdaq 100 rose 0.1%

    • Euro Stoxx 50 futures fell 0.2%

    • Hong Kong’s Hang Seng Index fell 2%

    • China’s Shanghai Composite Index fell 1%

    • Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 Index fell 0.5%

    Currencies

    • The Bloomberg Dollar Spot Index was little changed

    • The euro was unchanged at $1.0943

    • The Japanese yen rose 0.3% to 144.20 per dollar

    • The offshore yuan was little changed at 7.1668 per dollar

    • The Australian dollar was little changed at $0.6707

    • The British pound was little changed at $1.2712

    Cryptocurrencies

    • Bitcoin fell 0.2% to $44,164.12

    • Ether fell 0.8% to $2,223.26

    Bonds

    Commodities

    • West Texas Intermediate crude fell 1.5% to $72.72 a barrel

    • Spot gold fell 0.7% to $2,031.54 an ounce

    This story was produced with the assistance of Bloomberg Automation.

    –With assistance from Matthew Burgess.

    Most Read from Bloomberg Businessweek

    ©2024 Bloomberg L.P.

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  • Alibaba was once a Wall Street darling. After plunging 75% over three years, what's next?

    Alibaba was once a Wall Street darling. After plunging 75% over three years, what's next?

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    Signage for Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. covers the front facade of the New York Stock Exchange November 11, 2015.

    Brendan McDermid | Reuters

    BEIJING — It’s been a tumultuous 12 months for Alibaba, casting doubt on the future of the tech giant just as artificial intelligence is taking off.

    The company’s cloud computing unit was poised to capture AI’s growth for investors in a public listing, until Alibaba pulled those plans in November. The Group’s U.S. market value fell below that of e-commerce rival PDD, signaling struggles in the industry that had propelled Alibaba onto the global stage with the world’s largest IPO in 2014.

    On the political front, Alibaba was a poster child for China’s crackdown on internet tech companies — receiving a record fine of $2.8 billion for alleged monopolistic behavior in 2021. Slowing economic growth hasn’t helped its business either.

    But the scrapped cloud IPO plans and management shakeup in the last year reflect bigger problems for a company that has served as a bellwether for foreign investors in China. Alibaba’s stock has plunged to below $77 a share, down by 75% from more than $300 in 2020.

    “I think there are some deep internal issues. And so there must now be … a clear internal fight between how they’re going to get out of this because they’re really slipping,” said Duncan Clark, an early advisor to Alibaba and now chairman of Beijing-based investment advisor BDA.

    “The core to me is their eroding market position, what they are doing in terms of video, livestream and how they respond to Douyin, plus how they manage all these disparate groups and all the management turmoil,” Clark said. ”It’s a mess basically.”

    Douyin, the domestic Chinese version of ByteDance’s TikTok, has taken off in China as a platform for the surging livestream sales industry. Chinese consumers, who are increasingly hunting for bargains, have also turned to bargain hunting on Pinduoduo.

    Founded in 1999 by Jack Ma, Alibaba is a far older company than ByteDance or PDD.

    “Personnel-wise there are people that are leaving the company, they may feel the company is so big and bureaucratic, that is a reality,” said Brian Wong, former Alibaba Group vice president and author of the “Tao of Alibaba,” published in November 2022.

    Management shake-up centered on cloud

    Are they too big? That was the charge from the government before, but now the question is are they nimble enough, are they able to compete enough in the marketplace?

    Duncan Clark

    BDA, chairman

    “Are they too big? That was the charge from the government before, but now the question is are they nimble enough, are they able to compete enough in the marketplace?” he said. Clark also wrote “Alibaba: The House That Jack Ma Built,” published in 2016.

    Cloud competition from Huawei

    Alibaba has been an industry leader in the cloud business.

    The company remained the largest player in China’s cloud market in the third quarter, followed by Huawei and Tencent, according to Canalys.

    But the research firm predicted that Huawei’s market share will gradually increase, said analyst Yi Zhang.

    She pointed out the telecommunications company started in 2022 to focus on improving its engagement with business partners — via a strategy of developing an ecosystem of experts and developers. In contrast, she said Alibaba’s and Tencent’s cloud units only started pursuing a similar strategy in 2023.

    Such an approach can pay off in a slowing cloud services market that Canalys said is “relying heavily on government and state-owned enterprises to drive growth.”

    Chinese business news site 36kr reported in January last year, citing sources, that government customers closed cloud deals with Huawei, after almost buying from Alibaba.

    Alibaba and Huawei did not respond to a request for comment on this story. Alibaba in November blamed U.S. restrictions on chip sales to China for the decision to pull the cloud IPO.

    Read more about China from CNBC Pro

    Alibaba said its cloud business revenue grew by just 2% year-on-year in the quarter ended Sept. 30. Since the quarter ended June, the company has included cloud revenue from business with other parts of Alibaba Group.

    BDA’s Clark said his firm’s research found that Alibaba tried to grow its cloud business by taking away big clients from third-party resellers. Those resellers were other companies that had acted as distributors or agents for Alibaba cloud and received commissions.

    “It may be like a botched go-to-market strategy, or reseller strategy, because a lot of those resellers … became very upset and some of them are now going to work with other players,” Clark said. “They were supposed to be able to focus on smaller companies rather than the big ones that were taken away but that didn’t materialize. It’s a very tough market.“

    Global IPO market slump

    Alibaba still plans to list its Cainiao logistics business, and its Freshippo grocery store chain. But it’s been a tough IPO market, especially for Chinese companies wanting to list overseas.

    The Information reported in November, citing sources, that an international investment firm was only willing to value Alibaba’s cloud unit at less than $25 billion, far below the $40 billion the company had wanted.

    Alibaba “has a massive base to work from in terms of customers and data, and that is a treasure trove of any AI operation. They still have some amazing minds in the organization,” former executive Wong said.

    “I think all the raw materials are there, it’s question of how do they [execute] this in a time of a critical moment,” he said, noting that to him, Alibaba is “getting its house in order to prepare for the next big thing.”

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  • Baidu says its ChatGPT rival Ernie bot now has more than 100 million users

    Baidu says its ChatGPT rival Ernie bot now has more than 100 million users

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    HANGZHOU, CHINA – NOVEMBER 23: People learn about Baidu’s artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot service ERNIE Bot during the 2nd Global Digital Trade Expo at Hangzhou International Expo Center on November 23, 2023 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province of China. (Photo by Wang Gang/China News Service/VCG via Getty Images)

    China News Service | China News Service | Getty Images

    BEIJING — Chinese tech company Baidu said Thursday its ChatGPT-like artificial intelligence product, Ernie bot, has surpassed 100 million users.

    Baidu shares closed 3% higher in U.S. trading, keeping the stock mildly higher for 2023. The company did not specify whether the Ernie bot user numbers were active or for a specific time period.

    Microsoft-backed OpenAI said in November that ChatGPT had about 100 million weekly active users. The chatbot isn’t officially available in China, but can be used in the Chinese language.

    Ernie bot, which can be used in English in addition to its primary language of Chinese, requires a China mobile number for user registration. The app is called “Wenxinyiyan” in Mandarin Chinese.

    Baidu released its chatbot in March but didn’t get regulatory approval for mass rollout until late August, when several local players also received the green light.

    TikTok parent ByteDance offers a chatbot called Doubao, which ranked second in the free-to-use productivity category in Apple’s app store in China as of Friday morning.

    Tencent and Alibaba have focused more on AI products for business partners, but both offer chatbots to the public in China. Tencent’s sits inside its widely used WeChat messaging and social media app.

    In November, Baidu started charging about $8 a month for its most advanced version of Ernie bot. ChatGPT charges $20 a month to use its latest available model.

    — CNBC’s Hayden Field contributed to this report.

    Read more about China from CNBC Pro

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  • AI boom fails to propel China's cloud market growth

    AI boom fails to propel China's cloud market growth

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    An AI sign is seen at the World Artificial Intelligence Conference in Shanghai on July 6, 2023.

    Aly Song | Reuters

    BEIJING — Excitement over artificial intelligence isn’t yet fueling a boom in cloud services spending in mainland China.

    “The Chinese cloud services market remains conservative, relying heavily on government and state-owned enterprises to drive growth,” tech market analysis firm Canalys said in a report Wednesday.

    Training AI models on the cloud, following a surge of interest in the potential of ChatGPT-like services, has been expected to drive the industry’s growth.

    Alibaba‘s cloud business, with the country’s largest market share at 39%, reported just 2% year-on-year revenue growth in the quarter ended Sept. 30. The tech giant in November also scrapped plans to publicly list its cloud operations.

    Huawei, which isn’t publicly traded and is the second largest cloud player, didn’t separately state its cloud revenue for the third quarter, nor did Hong Kong-listed Tencent.

    The three largest cloud players in China held the same market share in the third quarter as they did in the prior one, while the segment’s overall growth slowed to 10% in 2022 and is expected to be at 12% in 2023 — sharply lower than the 45% surge in 2021, the Canalys report showed.

    Domestic spending on cloud services grew by 18% year-on-year in the third quarter to $9.2 billion, according to the report.

    However, it slowed drastically to 5.7% from 13% in the second quarter, according to CNBC analysis of Canalys data.

    The mainland Chinese cloud market accounted for 12% of the global cloud spend in the third quarter, Canalys said. Third-quarter global cloud spending rose 1.5% from the previous quarter, CNBC analysis found.

    Read more about China from CNBC Pro

    The research firm pointed out the industry has been investing “heavily” in AI and looking to monetize AI offerings via the development of “partner ecosystems.” That includes a network of developers, software companies and experts, the report said.

    This, however, is yet to translate into meaningful growth for the cloud segment.

    “The innate complexity of AI technology presents challenges in terms of adoption and deployment,” Canalys said, “yet simultaneously unlocks opportunities for a broader AI ecosystem.”

    Alibaba, Huawei and Tencent have each released AI models and products this year, as have Baidu and other companies in China.

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  • Tencent, NetEase shares rebound after China regulator's assurance on new rules

    Tencent, NetEase shares rebound after China regulator's assurance on new rules

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    A mobile phone is displaying the screen of Tencent Games company’s stock plunge in Suqian, Jiangsu Province, China, on December 22, 2023.

    Costfoto | Nurphoto | Getty Images

    Chinese online gaming stocks rose Wednesday, recovering some losses from the previous session after the country’s top gaming regulator said it will “carefully study” the concerns of all stakeholders on draft rules aimed at curbing excessive online gaming and spending.

    The draft guidelines from China’s National Press and Publication Administration last Friday sank the Hong Kong-listed shares of Tencent, NetEase and Bilibili — among the largest players in the world’s biggest online gaming market. The proposed rules are aimed at prohibiting incentivizing daily sign-ins for games, among other revenue-generating practices.

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    NetEase shares rebound

    On Wednesday, NetEase shares surged as much as 14% in early trading as Hong Kong markets returned from the Christmas holidays. The stock had plunged about 25% on Friday. Rival Tencent climbed almost 4.5% in early trading after shedding more than $43 billion in market value in Friday’s rout.

    Bilibili, a social media site that derived 17.1% of its total third-quarter net revenue from Chinese domestic gaming, climbed 2%. Its shares had tumbled about 10% on Friday.

    On Saturday, China’s top gaming regulator pledged to “carefully study” the concerns of stakeholders on the draft rules, particularly surrounding Articles 17 and 18, according to a WeChat statement.

    Overhang remains

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    Tencent shares rebound

    The National Press and Publication Administration, which controls the publication of new games, also said Monday that it approved more than 100 new domestic games, after saying Friday that it approved 40 imported games.

    “We believe these fire-quenching measures may help to slightly ease market concerns, but they are not enough to remove the overhang caused by the draft regulation,” Nomura analysts said in a Tuesday note.

    — CNBC’s Evelyn Cheng contributed to this story.

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  • China's potential new gaming rules will hit smaller developers more, analyst says

    China's potential new gaming rules will hit smaller developers more, analyst says

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    Mobile games in China range from League of Legends-like Honor of Kings to

    Source: Apple Inc.

    BEIJING — China’s proposed gaming rules would hit smaller developers more than large ones, while also reducing overall online advertising revenue, according to UBS.

    Tencent, NetEase and Bilibili shares plunged to their lowest in more than a year Friday after China’s National Press and Publication Administration published draft rules that would prohibit incentivizing daily sign-ins for games, among other revenue-generating practices.

    The comment period is open until Jan. 24. Hong Kong markets are closed Monday and Tuesday for Christmas.

    “Big game developers or big DAU [daily active user] social games should fare better: This is because they have other means to boost gamers engagement, reach out to users and have stronger R&D capabilities to attract and retain gamers,” Kenneth Fong, head of China internet research, UBS, said in a note.

    “With a lower revenue for online games, the ad industry would be impacted too,” he said. UBS estimates online games account for about 20% of the online ad industry’s revenue.

    Gaming accounts for the majority of NetEase’s revenue, and about one-fifth or less at Tencent and Bilibili, third-quarter releases show.

    Many other companies develop and publish games in China, although Beijing has in recent years made clear it would like to restrict game play, especially among minors.

    It’s “very common” for online games to encourage daily sign-in and offer rewards for the initial in-app purchase, UBS’s Fong said. He pointed out that incentivizing users to sign in every day boosts engagement and allows for collection of user statistics, which can help developers adjust games in real time.

    However, Fong said it is hard to quantify the financial impact of the proposed regulation since it’s unclear whether it would apply only to new games or also existing ones.

    The National Press and Publication Administration, which controls the publication of new games, said Monday that it approved more than 100 new domestic games, after saying Friday that it approved 40 imported games.

    Generally, Fong expects new games to be affected more than old ones. “As the online game is a very creative industry,” he said, “we believe the game developers would likely design other means to attract and retain users.”

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  • Tencent loses over $43 billion in market value after China proposes new online gaming rules

    Tencent loses over $43 billion in market value after China proposes new online gaming rules

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    Tencent lost about $43.5 billion in market value on Friday after China surprised financial markets with a fresh set of rules aimed at curbing excessive gaming and spending.

    The draft guidelines from China’s National Press and Publication Administration sank the Hong Kong-listed shares of Tencent, NetEase and Bilibili — among the largest online gaming-related counters in the world’s biggest online gaming market.

    “The most recent regulatory move on the online gaming industry is the last thing the market was hoping to hear out of Beijing,” Brian Tycangco, an analyst at Stansberry Research told CNBC.  

    “While well intended, the move casts doubt on the viability of existing business models that mostly are built around incentive or rewards to attract users and boost loyalty,” he added.

    Shenzhen-based Tencent, which owns WeChat and generated over a fifth of its third-quarter revenue from domestic online gaming, saw its shares tumble about 12.4% to close at HK$274, its lowest closing level since end-November 2022.

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    Tencent Holdings

    NetEase, 80% of whose third-quarter revenue came from domestic online gaming, plunged 24.6% to close at HK$122. Friday’s losses wiped out about 115.1 billion Hong Kong dollars ($14.7 billion) off NetEase’s market capitalization.

    Bilibili, a social media site that derived 17.1% of its total third-quarter net revenue from Chinese domestic gaming, saw its shares slide 9.7% to close at HK$80.30, its lowest since November 2022 — shaving about 2.4 billion Hong Kong dollars ($307 million) off its market capitalization.

    The Hang Seng Index closed down 1.7% on Friday ahead of a four-day holiday weekend, while the China Enterprises Index of the largest offshore mainland blue-chip names listed in Hong Kong ended down 2.3%.

    “I’m confident we’ll get more clarity on these new rules in the coming days and weeks. But investors don’t want to wait around for the dust to settle. Better coordination between industry and regulators will benefit everyone in the future,” Tycangco said.

    New guidelines, fresh setback

    New draft guidelines released by China’s top gaming regulator require owners of online games to abstain from providing or condoning high-value or expensive transactions in virtual entities whether by auction or speculative activity, among other things.

    Daily login rewards will also be banned, while recharging limits must be imposed with pop-up warnings issued to users who display “irrational consumption behavior,” the National Press and Publication Administration said.

    “These new measures do not fundamentally alter the online gaming business model and operations,” Vigo Zhang, vice-president of Tencent Games, told CNBC. “They clarify the authorities’ support for the online gaming industry, providing instructive guidance encouraging the innovation of high quality games.”

    Read more about China from CNBC Pro

    These latest draft rules come at a time, given the broader China technology industry was just emerging from a broader crackdown that started in late 2020.

    Just over a year ago, Tencent secured rights to five of the 45 foreign game licenses approved by the National Press and Publication Administration in the first batch of approvals since Beijing’s crackdown on the video-games sector that started in August 2021.

    At the country’s annual legislative meetings in 2021, China President Xi Jinping blamed addiction to online gaming for rising myopia and the adverse psychological well-being of the country’s young.

    China's evolving new tech guard shifts from Alibaba to ByteDance

    Later that year, the National Press and Publication Administration proposed that children under 18 be should not allowed to play online games for more than three hours a week, limiting them to legal game time only between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Fridays, weekends and public holidays starting in early September.

    In August, the Cyberspace Administration of China proposed rules to limit the smartphone screen time of people under the age of 18 to a maximum of two hours per day.

    — CNBC’s Lim Hui Jie and Arjun Kharpal contributed to this story.

    Correction: An earlier version of this story misstated the milestone after the slide in Tencent’s share price.

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  • 'Difficult short term' ahead for the Chinese market due to domestic and foreign factors: Analyst

    'Difficult short term' ahead for the Chinese market due to domestic and foreign factors: Analyst

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    Brian Arcese of Foord Asset Management and Andy Maynard of China Renaissance discuss the factors that could re-instill investor confidence in the Chinese market.

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  • Japanese tech giant Rakuten plans to launch proprietary AI model within next two months

    Japanese tech giant Rakuten plans to launch proprietary AI model within next two months

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    The logo of Japanese tech giant Rakuten logo seen at the Mobile World Congress 2019.

    Paco Freire| SOPA Images | LightRocket via Getty Images

    Japan’s Rakuten plans to launch its own artificial intelligence language model within the next two months, its CEO told CNBC in an interview that aired Monday.

    It comes as the fintech-to-e-commerce giant looks to join other technology firms developing the rapidly growing technology.

    Hiroshi “Mickey” Mikitani said the company is working on its own large language model, or LLM. These are huge algorithms trained on massive data sets that underpin artificial intelligence applications, such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT.

    Rakuten has a number of businesses from banking to e-commerce and telecommunications, therefore has a large amount of “very unique” data to train its LLM on, according to Mikitani.

    “Nobody has a dataset like we do,” he added.

    The company plans to use the AI model internally to improve operational efficiency and marketing by 20%, Mikitani said.

    He also wants to offer the model to third-party businesses to build on, much like Amazon or Microsoft do.

    “So we can easily teach them [businesses], package it and provide the platform for them to completely they can use it for their business,” Mikitani said.

    The CEO added that Rakuten is going to “have something within a couple of months.”

    To date, major U.S. and Chinese technology giants have been launching their own large language models.

    OpenAI, Amazon and Google are among the most notable in the U.S. In China, Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent have launched their own models too.

    Japanese firms have fallen somewhat behind their U.S. and Chinese counterparts. But they are trying to quickly catch up.

    Telecommunications group NTT announced this month that its proprietary LLM will be available in March.

    The telecommunications arm of SoftBank announced in November that its generative AI computing platform is operational.

    Japanese firms have a chance to create LLMs specific to the Japanese language, potentially giving them an edge over their U.S. and Chinese rivals.

    Mikitani said the push into AI is going to give Rakuten “huge profitable growth.”

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  • Portfolio manager explains why he has the ‘most conviction’ in this China tech stock

    Portfolio manager explains why he has the ‘most conviction’ in this China tech stock

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  • Alibaba Is Only Worth About Half of Tencent as Recovery Lags

    Alibaba Is Only Worth About Half of Tencent as Recovery Lags

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    (Bloomberg) — Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’s market value has slumped to only about half that of rival Tencent Holdings Ltd. as the former’s e-commerce-centric business faces sluggish demand and intensified competition.

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    Alibaba, whose other main business line includes cloud computing, has a market capitalization of $201 billion, while Tencent, focused on social media and gaming, is valued at $391 billion, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. Alibaba’s shares now trade around eight times forward earnings multiples, versus 16 times for Tencent.

    Alibaba on Thursday abruptly ended its plan to spin off its cloud unit, citing heightened US restrictions on chip sales to China. The announcement, along with lower-than-expected domestic e-commerce sales, sent the stock tumbling about 10% in Hong Kong, its largest decline this year.

    The divergence in the market value of the two companies also highlights some of the regulatory and macroeconomic issues that have troubled Alibaba. In recent years, China has sought to rein in the country’s tech giants, with regulators probing Alibaba affiliate Ant Group Co. and imposing a $1 billion fine on the fintech company backed by Jack Ma. Its market value had largely been higher than Tencent before the crackdown started in late 2020.

    Tencent earlier this week reported better-than-expected profitability across its main business lines for the third quarter. The Chinese social media operator delivered growth across divisions from gaming and advertising to fintech, driving a 10% increase in revenue.

    “China’s tepid consumption recovery and the heightened competition in the e-commerce space all make it harder for Alibaba’s business environment,” said Willer Chen, a senior analyst at Forsyth Barr Asia Ltd. “There were also greater regulatory concerns for Alibaba earlier that weighed on investors sentiment.”

    (An earlier version corrected day to Thursday in third paragraph)

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  • Huawei, Tencent among top cybersecurity patent holders as China fosters own tech, report says

    Huawei, Tencent among top cybersecurity patent holders as China fosters own tech, report says

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    A Chinese flag flies outside a residential compound in Beijing on April 30, 2017.

    Greg Baker | Afp | Getty Images

    Chinese companies have gained ground in global patent holdings in the cybersecurity technology sector amid growing U.S.-China tensions, according to a report from Nikkei Asia on Sunday.

    Chinese firms such as Huawei and Tencent accounted for six of the top 10 global patent holdings in the cybersecurity technology sector as of August, based on data compiled by Nikkei in cooperation with U.S. information services provider LexisNexis. The data took into account patents registered across 95 countries and regions.

    The report said that U.S. computer manufacturer IBM came out top with 6,363 patents followed by Huawei and Tencent with 5,735 and 4,803 patents respectively.

    Among the top 10 include Alibaba’s financial arm Ant Group in sixth place with 3,922 patents, as well as Alibaba Group Holding with 3,122 patents, the Nikkei said. Sovereign wealth fund China Investment Corp. had 3,042 patents, it added.

    This comes as escalating tensions between the U.S. and China have pushed the latter and its homegrown firms to seek self-reliance in science and technology. For example, the U.S. recently tightened restrictions on artificial intelligence chip exports to China over growing concerns that Beijing could use those chips to advance its military capabilities.

    Hiroko Osaka, head of marketing in Asia for LexisNexis Japan’s intellectual property department, was quoted as saying there’s been a “dramatic increase in filings by Chinese firms in general, especially since 2018.”

    Huawei has been at the center of U.S. sanctions aimed at securing U.S. networks and supply chains since the U.S. tightened export controls on high-tech firms five years ago. //ok?

    In 2018, the U.S. banned its agencies from obtaining Huawei equipment or services. In 2019, Huawei was placed on the U.S. trade blacklist, which restricts American firms from doing business with the Chinese company. The U.S. also limited Huawei’s access to foreign-produced semiconductors made with U.S. technologies.

    “The importance of IP protection was reaffirmed in the battle for supremacy over advanced technology and data, which may have sparked the surge of application filings by Chinese firms,” Osaka told Nikkei Asia.

    Read more about China’s growing patent filings in the Nikkei Asia report.

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  • Shares of Tencent-backed J&T Express fall in lackluster Hong Kong debut

    Shares of Tencent-backed J&T Express fall in lackluster Hong Kong debut

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    Courier handing over package asking female customer to do electronic signature, delivering, receiving, efficiency

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    Shares of Indonesia’s J&T Express fell 1.33% when it went public on Friday.

    The logistics service provider traded at 11.84 Hong Kong dollars ($1.51) on Friday morning, after opening at HK$12.

    The HK$3.92 billion ($500 million) IPO is the second largest listing in Hong Kong this year, after premium Chinese liquor company ZJLD Group. The Chinese “baijiu” maker, backed by KKR, plunged nearly 18% on their first day of trading on April 27.

    Investors include Chinese tech giant Tencent, U.S.-based venture capital firm Sequoia, Chinese private equity firm Boyu, SF Express and Singapore’s sovereign wealth fund Temasek.

    J&T Express is listing in an uncertain economic environment, characterized by hiking inflation, high interest rates and ongoing conflict such as the Israel-Hamas war and Ukraine invasion.

    “In the third quarter of 2023, global IPO activities remained sluggish due to macroeconomic and geopolitical uncertainties. Hong Kong’s global IPO ranking dropped to eighth following a historically slow third quarter,” said KPMG in a report published on Oct. 9.

    “The Hong Kong market has not recovered as much as we would like,” Irene Chu, partner at KPMG China, told CNBC, highlighting that the third quarter “continued to be very soft.”

    J&T had initially aimed to raise at least $1 billion in the IPO but halved the target amount on weak investor demand, according to Reuters.

    Companies that want to go public have “become more realistic” in their pricing, said Ringo Choi, Asia-Pacific IPO leader at EY. “The IPO pricing is dropping significantly by more than 50% or even 70%.”

    China is J&T’s largest market, where it delivered nearly 83% of its total parcels last year, serving the likes ecommerce giants like Pinduoduo and Alibaba’s Taobao and Tmall. It held a 10.9% market share by parcel volume in 2022, the company said in its prospectus, citing Frost & Sullivan.

    In May, it acquired China-based Fengwang Express for 1.18 billon yuan from largest domestic player SF Express, building on its acquisition of express delivery business from Chinese logistics firm Best in late 2021.

    The Indonesian logistics provider delivered a total of more than 14.5 billion parcels in 2022 across China and Southeast Asia, up from 11.5 billion in 2020. In Southeast Asia, it is the largest operator with a 22.5% market share in terms of parcel volume, based on Frost & Sullivan data. Alibaba-owned Lazada, GoTo’s e-commerce arm Tokopedia and Sea Limited‘s Shopee, are among its customers, the prospectus showed.

    Read more about tech and crypto from CNBC Pro

    It posted a net profit of $1.57 billion in 2022 but went into the red in the first six months of this year Net losses came in at $666.8 million, due to gross losses from operations in China and new market expansion in 2022, among others.

    “In the long term, to continue to realize our revenue potential and achieve profitability, we plan to further grow our parcel volume and market share, maintain a flexible pricing strategy, control costs, narrow gross loss and improve gross margin, and enhance operating leverage,” said J&T in its prospectus.

    ‘Immaterial’ impact from TikTok Shop ban

    Analysts warn that TikTok Shop’s ban in Indonesia, which disallows social media platforms from facilitating e-commerce purchases, could impact J&T Express.

    TikTok Shop is the e-commerce feature of popular short-video app TikTok.

    “There is some sharp short-term pain for J&T in Indonesia because of the TikTok Shop ban, as J&T was (profitably) carrying the majority of the TikTok Shop’s millions of orders a day in Indonesia prior to the ban,” said Momentum Works in a Oct. 17 blog post.

    J&T Express acknowledged in its filing that “there remain significant uncertainties” on how the new rules would impact different e-commerce and social media platforms in Indonesia, “some of which are our customers.”

    But the company said it will not be adversely impacted as the revenue from social e-commerce platforms in Indonesia “remained immaterial” to the business.

    In 2022 and the first six months of this year, revenue from social e-commerce platforms in Indonesia contributed only 4% and 6% to the company’s revenue respectively, said J&T.

    “We believe that although [the new e-commerce regulation] may have an impact on our customer composition in Indonesia in the near term, this new regulation will not have a material adverse effect on our business operations and financial performance in the long term.”

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  • With China playing catchup with the U.S., these 3 charts show the top countries for fintech in 2023

    With China playing catchup with the U.S., these 3 charts show the top countries for fintech in 2023

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    Chinese and US flags fly outside a hotel during a 2012 U.S. presidential election results event organized by the US embassy in Beijing on November 7, 2012.

    Ed Jones | AFP | Getty Images

    From the U.S. to China, countries around the world are battling it out to lead on financial technology, a heavily lucrative industry that has grown over the years taking everything from retail banking to wealth management online.

    Since the 2008 financial crisis, thousands of new firms have been set up with the aim of taking on the financial incumbents and providing more accessible services to both consumers and businesses alike.

    In the U.K., startups like Monzo and Starling took the banking world by storm with their digital-only offerings, while in China, Alibaba and Tencent launched their own respective mobile wallets, Alipay and WeChat Pay.

    In August, CNBC, in partnership with Statista, launched a list of the world’s top fintechs. To choose the top global firms, Statista used a rigorous method that evaluated a few key business metrics and fundamentals, including revenue and number of employees.

    Statista identified 200 of the top companies globally, across nine categories including neobanking, digital payments, digital assets, digital financial planning, digital wealth management, alternate financing, alternate lending, digital banking solutions, and digital business solutions.

    Using additional data provided by Statista, CNBC analyzed the top nations overall when it comes to financial technology, splitting the analysis into three main areas of focus:

    • The countries with the most valuable fintech industries based on market capitalization.
    • Overall number of top fintech firms, as identified by Statista.
    • The amount of “unicorn” companies with valuations of $1 billion or more across different countries.

    So, which countries are at the top of their game when it comes to fintech? In three charts, here’s what we found.

    U.S., China home to most valuable fintechs

    The U.S. is home to most valuable financial technology companies in the world in 2023, according to Statista data — but China isn’t far behind with mega-payments firms like Tencent and Ant Group making the country a solid second.

    The valuation data is up to date as of April 2023, with the exception of Ant Group, Stripe, Nubank, Checkout.com, Revolut, Chime, Polygon, Rapyd, Ripple, Blockchain, and Plaid.

    Combined, the U.S. produces the most value in terms of fintech, with eight of the top 15 highest-valued financial technology companies in the world worth a combined $1.2 trillion based stateside.

    Visa and Mastercard are the two biggest fintech firms by market value, with a collective market capitalization of $800.7 billion.

    China is home to the second-most highly valued fintech industry, with its financial technology giants worth a combined $338.92 billion in total market capitalization.

    UK has second-biggest number of top fintech firms

    The U.S. was home to 65 of the top fintech companies, according to CNBC’s list of world’s top 200 fintech companies. The U.K. was a close second with 15 of the top 200 fintech names globally, while the European Union is home to 55 top fintech companies.

    The U.S. has a vibrant fintech market, not least thanks to its deep-pocketed investors.

    Silicon Valley is a natural home for the sector given its storied history in birthing some of the world’s largest technology companies, like Apple, Meta, Google, and Amazon, and a well-established venture capital ecosystem with major players such as Sequoia Capital and Andreessen Horowitz present.

    In the U.S., some of the top global fintech companies on Statista’s list include names like Stripe, PayPal and Intuit. These are all companies with significant shares in their respective markets and hallmark products used by thousands, if not millions, of businesses both big and small.

    The U.K., similarly, has a prominent fintech industry.

    Buoyed by forces many — from innovation-driven regulars like the Financial Conduct Authority, to growing pools of capital, including venture and private equity, to a government that has tried to rank fintech firmly high up on its agenda — the U.K. has managed to produce significant in the fintech world, from digital banking behemoth Monzo to listed payments firm Wise.

    In China, which was another standout fintech player identified by Statista, the market for digital financial services is massive.

    WATCH: CNBC’s full extended interview with Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev on AI, credit cards and more

    Watch CNBC's full extended interview with Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev on AI, credit cards and more

    Tencent’s WeChat Pay and Ant Group’s Alipay have cornered the market for mobile payments, providing ample competition to its fragmented, less built-up banking sector. Consumers in China tend to have a closer relationship with digital platforms like WeChat than they have with incumbent lenders.

    But the fintech industry is faced with a number of challenges — not least macroeconomic headwinds.

    Among the top roadblocks the sector faces right now, dwindling liquidity in venture capital is well up there.

    In Europe, a combination of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the aftermath of Covid-19 lockdowns, and resulting interest rate increases have impacted most major economies.

    In the U.K., meanwhile, the technology industry’s problems generally have been compounded by Brexit, which critics argue is limiting foreign investment.

    “The venture environment is generally struggling,” Nick Parmenter, CEO of business management consultancy Class35, told CNBC. “IPOs are fewer and lower in valuation, funds are struggling to raise from LPs and valuations are down throughout the venture cycle.”

    “This makes raising growth capital a lot tougher, which makes management teams more conservative in their cash consumption. This has had a trickle-down effect on the fintech market — consumers have less discretionary income to invest or spend, which limits revenue potential for consumer-focused fintechs and small businesses alike.”

    U.S. top for fintech unicorns, UK second

    The U.K. again flexes its fintech muscles when it comes to the number of richly-valued “unicorn” companies in the country — Britain stands only second to the U.S., which hosts most of the world’s fintech unicorns. Unicorns are defined as venture-backed companies with a valuation of $1 billion or more.

    In the U.K., some of the biggest unicorns include online banking startup Revolut ($33 billion) crypto wallet provider Blockchain.com ($14 billion), and digital payments groups Checkout.com ($11 billion), Rapyd ($8.75 billion) and SumUp ($8.5 billion).

    Stateside, meanwhile, the largest fintech unicorns are Stripe ($95 billion), Chime ($25 billion), Ripple ($15 billion), Plaid ($13.5 billion), Devoted Health ($12.6 billion, and Brex ($12.3 billion).

    Other leading ecosystems for fintech unicorns include India, on 17 unicorns, and China, on eight. France, Brazil and Germany each have six fintech unicorns.

    Standing in 8th place is Mexico, with five fintech unicorns, Singapore, also with five, and the Netherlands, which has four in total.

    WATCH: U.S. ranks first for top global fintechs in new report from Statista and CNBC

    U.S. ranks first for top global fintechs in new report from Statista and CNBC

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  • Veteran EM investor Mark Mobius reveals the 2 tech giants that are key to any portfolio

    Veteran EM investor Mark Mobius reveals the 2 tech giants that are key to any portfolio

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