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Tag: retirement planning

  • First Steps to Save For Retirement for Entrepreneurs | Entrepreneur

    First Steps to Save For Retirement for Entrepreneurs | Entrepreneur

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    If you’re an entrepreneur, you know the importance of saving money. Everyone should follow specific steps to save and maximize their assets before retirement. There are small things you can do when you’re young that can have a significant impact on your finances later in life. In this article, we’ll go over some of the critical first steps you should take to start saving money.

    Key Takeaways

    • Creating a budget is one of the most essential steps to saving money. Categorizing your spending into essentials and recreational purchases can be eye-opening about how you use your money.
    • The process of opening a retirement account takes some research beforehand. Learn the differences between a traditional IRA and 401(k), particularly how they’re taxed.
    • Automating your savings saves you time and ensures you continually add money to your retirement account.

    Set Financial Goals

    The first step you should take when planning to save money for retirement is outlining your goals and timeline.

    How old are you? If you’re in your teens or early 20s, you should first pat yourself on the back for being so financially responsible at a young age. You’ve got a long time horizon, meaning you can make riskier investment decisions (investing in stocks, for example) that will hopefully give you an excellent yield over time.

    If you want to retire young and move into a house in Beverly Hills, you must adjust your saving and spending habits to be a bit more stringent. If you don’t mind working until you’re closer to 60 or 70 and want to live in the woods in a small cabin, your saving habits can have more breathing room.

    Specific goals will help you create a savings plan tailored to your needs. Your goal shouldn’t be as abstract as “I want to be rich and retire early.” Get specific with your numbers. Research how much your dream house costs right now.

    Even though inflation will push the price of the home higher by the time you’re ready to buy it, having the specific number will help you make more concrete plans.

    Create a Budget

    Next, you should develop a comprehensive budget outlining your income, expenses, and savings targets. This could be as simple as printing out a copy of your debit card history and going through all your purchases in the most recent month.

    Since you’re an entrepreneur, try to be mindful of both your personal and business expenses, keeping track of how much money you’re directing into your company. Looking at your transaction history can be eye-opening for many of us, as it forces us to consider what we spend on regularly and maybe what we spend too much on.

    Dividing transactions into essential purchases and inessential purchases is another way of gauging your minimum monthly budget (the lowest amount of money you need to survive comfortably).

    That “comfortably” is ambiguous enough to cover a wide range of spending habits. The point is not to spend as little as possible but to know how much money you want to spend each month. This will help you better allocate funds toward retirement savings.

    When picking a goal, it’s crucial to have a specific number and a specific timeline in mind. It can be challenging to choose that number if you’re young and aren’t totally sure where you hope to be at retirement age. In that case, picking a specific number can still be helpful as it will force you to be more mindful of your spending habits and progress toward your goals.

    Establish an Emergency Fund

    Less than half of people in the US say they’d be able to cover an unexpected $1,000 expense. This is alarming and should make the need for an emergency fund clear.

    As an entrepreneur, it’s important to have a safety net to cover unexpected expenses and business setbacks. It’s almost guaranteed there will be months you perform worse than expected, face fees or licensing costs, or need to invest more to keep up with the competition.

    Set aside a portion of your income to build an emergency fund that can cover at least three to six months’ worth of living expenses. That way, no matter what happens, you’ll give yourself breathing room to adjust and take actions to get back on track.

    Having this fund in place will prevent you from dipping into your retirement savings during challenging times.

    Open a Retirement Account

    The next thing you should do is research different retirement account options available to entrepreneurs, such as a Simplified Employee Pension Individual Retirement Account (SEP IRA), a Solo 401(k), or a Simplified Employee Pension Plan (SEP).

    An SEP IRA is like a traditional IRA that can receive employer contributions. One benefit of an SEP IRA compared to a traditional IRA is that the annual contribution limit is much higher on the former. SEP IRAs typically have lower administrative costs as well, and they only come in pretax versions.

    A solo 401(k) is traditionally funded with pretax money, meaning contributions are made before municipal and federal taxes are withheld. However, you can also set-up a Roth solo 401(k) funded with after-tax contributions. Solo 401(k)s often allow you to save money at a faster rate, making them a good option for single entrepreneurs.

    Choose the account that best suits your business structure and financial situation, and open it as soon as possible to start accumulating tax-advantaged retirement savings.

    Automate Your Savings

    Be sure to take advantage of automation tools provided by your bank or retirement account provider. Automation tools can move money directly from a deposit into a savings account, ensuring you consistently save money.

    Set up automatic transfers or contributions from your business earnings to your retirement account. By automating your savings, you’ll ensure consistency and make it easier to stay on track with your retirement goals.

    Most bank accounts offer some form of automated transfer at this point, and if you’re unsure whether your bank does, you can always visit their website or call an agent to ask.

    Many financial advisors say 20% of your paycheck should go toward savings, with 50% going toward necessities and the remaining 30% going toward discretionary items. If you make $5,000 per month, that means $2,500 should be going toward essentials, $1,500 can go toward discretionary items, and the remaining $1,000 should be automatically deposited into savings.

    Maximize Contributions

    Retirement accounts come with certain limits to how much you can deposit into them each year. This ensures that higher-paying workers can’t take advantage of certain tax advantages.

    It’s usually a good idea to contribute the maximum allowable amount to your retirement account each year. Consult with a financial advisor to understand the contribution limits and tax benefits associated with your chosen retirement account.

    By maximizing your contributions, you’ll benefit from tax advantages and potentially grow your retirement savings faster.

    Diversify Your Investments

    Once you have funds in your retirement account, diversify your investments to manage risk effectively. Consult with a financial advisor or investment professional to develop a diversified portfolio that aligns with your risk tolerance and long-term goals.

    Remember to rearrange your portfolio as you age to ensure you’re protecting assets when you need them more. This is known as rebalancing your asset mix. Having a majority of your money invested in stocks or a speculative asset like crypto isn’t as smart the older you get. You’ll want to look into products like deposit certificates and treasury securities with lower risk.

    In today’s artificial intelligence world, more AI-assisted investing products can help rearrange your portfolio automatically to respond to current events. Watching stock movement every day isn’t feasible for many people, so taking advantage of new technology may be an intelligent choice for you.

    Regularly review and rebalance your portfolio as needed to ensure it remains in line with your retirement objectives.

    Remember that certain investments are better to make depending on the state of the economy. Many economists are predicting the US will enter a recession later in 2023. During a recession, utility companies, discount retail stores, and grocery stores tend to be better investments, since they’re essential services people will continue to spend money on even when times are tough.

    The Bottom Line

    Entrepreneurs should take specific steps to protect their money and prepare for retirement. Some of these steps include making a budget, tracking your spending habits, setting up a retirement account and automatic contributions, maximizing your contributions, and diversifying your portfolio regularly.

    We’re living in a year of exceptionally high inflation and economic uncertainty. With many people unable to build a robust emergency fund or make regular contributions to a retirement account, the need to start taking these steps early in life has never been more apparent.

    The post First Steps to Save For Retirement for Entrepreneurs appeared first on Due.

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    Eric Rosenberg

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  • Latest News – MarketWatch

    Latest News – MarketWatch

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    Singapore’s Temasek says FTX investment was an aberration

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  • Navigating Retirement Savings as a Freelancer: A Comprehensive Guide | Entrepreneur

    Navigating Retirement Savings as a Freelancer: A Comprehensive Guide | Entrepreneur

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    An increasing number of people are stepping away from traditional employment and choosing to work as freelancers. The appeal of flexible hours, being your own boss, and having more creative control over your work is undeniable. But with these advantages come specific serious challenges.

    Unlike people with more traditional employment structures, freelancers don’t have the luxury of an employer-sponsored 401(k). Instead, they take on more of the responsibility for their retirement planning. And as someone self-employed, you’re already burdened with extra financial considerations. It can therefore be tempting to put saving for retirement on the back-burner.

    In this article, we’ll explore different savings options available to freelancers, and offer advice on starting with them today. The critical thing to remember is that it’s never too soon to start planning for retirement. Take the time to invest today so your life when you’re older can be easier.

    The Importance of Retirement Savings

    Aging is a natural and inescapable fact of life. And the older you get, the less hours you’ll likely want to work. In 2023, the average monthly Social Security benefit for retired works was $1,825. That likely isn’t enough for you to live on – most elderly individuals get only 30% of their income from Social Security.

    This is one of the reasons having a personal retirement savings plan is important to many. It can also be a comfort knowing your retirement planning is in your hands, and not dependent on public policy.

    As scary as the idea is, it’s possible for the elderly to run out of money in retirement. Planning for retirement by saving money ahead of time is a key step of ensuring you remain comfortable and financially stable in old age.

    According to a 2023 Social Security Administration report, the average life expectancy for 65-year-olds in 1940 was almost 14 years. That number has since increased to over 20 years. People need to find ways to make their money last longer. That’s where savvy investing comes in.

    The Unique Challenges Freelancers Face

    Self-employed people already face many challenges related to their finances. The most obvious is dealing with an irregular income stream. There are months as a freelancer that you’ll make less than you anticipated, and you’ll be surprised to make more than you expected. Learning how to react to both situations is essential to managing your money responsibly.

    If you make less money than expected in one month, it may be worth keeping your retirement savings contribution consistent and trying to take the financial hit elsewhere. Dropping a streaming service or having one less dinner with your significant other may be the better choice in the long run, as you’ll force yourself to stay regular with your retirement investments.

    If you have an unexpected boost in income for one month, you’ll be faced with a decision. Should you spend the extra money on a discretionary purchase? Or should you increase your savings contribution that month?

    Often, setting up automatic withdrawals from your checking account so a fixed amount of your paycheck goes into savings each month is a good choice. For example, it protects you from forgetting or choosing to invest less if you lose a client, which can lead to bad habits.

    Another challenge freelancers face is the lack of employer-sponsored retirement plans. Employees of more traditional companies often have options like a 401(k), sometimes with deposit matching or a stock option to boost savings. Freelancers don’t have these options, meaning they have to organize and fund their own retirement savings plan.

    Taking initiative is often the bigget obstacle to freelancers starting their savings journey. If you’re self-employed, reading this article is hopefully a first step to learning more about your options.

    Retirement Savings Options for Freelancers

    If you’re a freelancer, you still have options for tax-deferred retirement savings plans similar to those of employees of traditional companies. Here are some of those options.

    Simplified Employee Pension (SEP)

    An SEP plan is available to businesses of any size and allows employers to contribute to traditional IRAs for their employees. A SEP often comes with fewer start-up and operating costs than a traditional retirement plan.

    SEP plans only allows for employer contributions. Businesses with more than one employee may choose a SEP plan because it allows for flexibility in the annual contribution. If you anticipate your business will have years of profits followed by years of losses, a SEP plan may be a good choice, as it allows you to change how much you contribute (though the amount must be consistent between employees).

    For the purposes of a freelancer, a SEP plan allows contributions of up to 25% of your net earnings from self-employment. In 2023, the limit to contributions was $66,000.

    You can set-up a Simplified Employee Pension by completing form 5305-SEP.

    Solo 401(k)

    A solo 401(k) gives you the unique advantage of being able to contribute to your savings account as both an employer and employee. As an employee, you get salary deferrals up to 100% of your compensation (with a limit of $22,500 in 2023).

    As an employer, you can contribute up to 25% of your net earnings from self-employment, with a limit of $66,000 in 2023. The latter are called employer nonelective contributions.

    These plans come with “catch-up contributions” of $7,500 for people over the age of 50. Also, the plan works on a “per person” basis, meaning you won’t be able to enjoy extra contributions if you have more than one employer. Other names for this plan include one-participant 401(k), Uni(k), and Solo(k).

    SIMPLE IRA

    A Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees (SIMPLE) is another option for freelancers. This plan allowed for contributions of up to $15,500 in 2023 – a lower limit than the 401(k) and SEP plans. Contributions to a SIMPLE IRA are tax-deductible, and distributions during retirement are subject to taxes.

    Similar to the 401(k), people over the age of 50 with a SIMPLE plan can contribute additional amounts, though it’s only $3,500 with the SIMPLE. To set up this kind of plan, you can fill out form 5305-SIMPLE or 5304-SIMPLE.

    Defined Benefit Plan

    The more traditional pension plan remains popular with a lot of people. A defined benefit plan comes with a stated annual benefit you’ll receive at retirement. In 2023, the maximum annual benefit was $265,000. Contributions are tax-deductible, and the benefits you receive after retiring will be tax-liable.

    The main drawback of this kind of plan is how expensive it is. Defined benefit plans typically come with high start-up and maintenance costs. An actuary has to decide your deduction limit, which adds administrative costs.

    Tips and Strategies for Successful Retirement Savings

    There are a number of tips and tricks you can follow to help yourself save for a successful retirement. One of the first tips we’d recommend is creating a budget for yourself. Track your expenses, both business and personal, to better understand how you’re spending your money. Once you know where your money is going, you’ll be better able to gauge where you can save and where you need to keep investing.

    Another tip we’d recommend following is automating contributions to your retirement savings account. If you automate your checking account to move part of your paycheck into a savings account regularly, you save yourself the time and effort of making manual contributions. As we said, the need to take the initiative often stands in the way of freelancers saving for retirement. Automating your savings will make it much more likely that you keep saving consistently.

    A third tip to follow – one you should try following before the first two – is setting clear objectives for yourself. When do you want to retire? How much money do you want to have roughly? If you can have clear, tangible goals for yourself, you can adjust your savings strategy better to meet your needs.

    Conclusion

    Saving for retirement is an essential part of planning for your future. No one wants to run out of money when they’re old, so start by setting financial goals and budgeting to see where your money goes every month. Once you’ve done that, choose a retirement savings plan that’s right for you.

    Freelancers face unique challenges when it comes to retirement savings as they have to take the initiative to set-up plans and contributions for themselves. Luckily, there are some savings plans available to freelancers, including solo 401(k)s, SEPs, and SIMPLE IRAs. Learn about the different contribution limits and administrative fees associated with these plans to pick which one is best for you.

    Once you’ve picked your plan, automate your contributions and always try to make the maximum contribution every month.

    The post Navigating Retirement Savings as a Freelancer: A Comprehensive Guide appeared first on Due.

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    Eric Rosenberg

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  • With house prices this high, boomers may want to become renters

    With house prices this high, boomers may want to become renters

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    If you’re a retiree and you’re trying to square the circle of rising costs, longer lifespans, more expensive medical care and turbulent markets, don’t be afraid to run the numbers on your biggest investment.

    That would be your home — if you own it.

    U.S. house prices are now so high that it is almost impossible for seniors not to ask themselves the obvious question: “Should we cash in, invest the money, and rent?”

    Right now the average U.S. house price is nearly $360,000. That’s about a third higher than just a few years ago, before the COVID-19 pandemic. The lockdowns, the panic, the stimulus checks and 2.5% mortgage rates have all passed into history. But the sky-high prices remain — for now.

    After several years of double-digit percentage increases, apartment-rent growth is falling for only the second time since the 2008 financial crisis. WSJ’s Will Parker joins host J.R. Whalen to discuss.

    At these levels, analysts at Realtor.com — which, like MarketWatch, is owned by News Corp.
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    say that in 45 out of 50 major U.S. metropolitan areas it is cheaper to rent than it is to buy a starter home. The Atlanta Federal Reserve Bank says national housing affordability is abysmal — about where it was in 2006 and 2007, during the big housing bubble.

    There is a similar story for seniors. Federal data show that the average U.S. house price is now nearly 17 times the average annual Social Security benefit — an even higher ratio than it was in August 2008, just before Lehman Brothers collapsed. At that juncture, the average house price was 15 times higher.

    U.S. National Home Price Index vs. average rent of primary residence in U.S. city, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Indexed: January 1987=100.


    S&P/Case-Shiller

    Our simple chart, above, compares average U.S. home prices with average U.S. rents, going back to 1987. (The chart simply shows the ratio, indexed to 100.) The bottom line? House prices are very high at the moment compared with rents — again, prices are about where they were in 2006-07.

    And the two must run in tandem over the long term, because the economic value of owning a house is not having to pay rent to live there.

    If there are times when, in general, it makes more financial sense for seniors to rent than to own, this has to be one of those.

    Seniors who own their own homes may think high interest rates on new mortgages don’t affect them. They most likely either already have a mortgage at a lower, older rate or they’ve paid off their home loan. But if you want to sell, you’ll almost certainly be selling to someone who needs a mortgage.

    If borrowing costs drive down real-estate prices, seniors who hold off on selling may miss out on gains they may never see again. After the last housing peak, in 2006, it took a full decade for prices to recover fully. Those who sold when the going was good had the chance to buy lifetime annuities at excellent rates or to invest in stocks and bonds that overall rose about 80% over the same period.

    As I mentioned recently, there is a broad basket of real-estate trusts on the stock market that are publicly traded landlords. You can sell your home and invest in thousands at a click of a mouse.

    But should you?

    Incidentally, there is also an exchange-traded fund that invests in residential REITs, Armada’s Residential REIT ETF
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    though in addition to single-family homes and apartment-complex operators, about 25% of the fund is invested in companies involved in manufactured-home parks and senior-living facilities.

    For each person, the math will be different, and there are a number of questions you need to ask. Where do you want to live? How much would you get if you sold your house? How much would you pay in taxes? How much would it cost to rent the right place? Do you want to leave a property to your heirs? And what would be the costs of moving — both financial and emotional?

    The conventional wisdom is that you should own your home in retirement.

    “I would advise any and all retirees against renting if at all possible,” says Malcolm Ethridge, a financial planner at CIC Wealth in Rockville, Md. “You need your costs to be as fixed as possible during retirement, to match your income being fixed as well. If you choose to rent, you’re leaving it up to your landlord to determine whether and by how much your No. 1 expense will increase each year. And that makes it very tough to determine how much you are able to allocate toward everything else in your budget for the month.”

    A key point here, from federal data, is that nationwide rents have risen year after year, almost without a break, at least since the early 1980s. They even rose during the global financial crisis, with just one 12-month period where they fell — and then by only 0.1%.

    “My general advice for clients is that owning a home with no mortgage in retirement is the best scenario, as housing is typically the highest cost we pay monthly,” says Adam Wojtkowski, an adviser at Copper Beech Wealth Management in Mansfield, Mass. “It’s not always the case that it works out this way, but if you can enter retirement with no mortgage, it makes it a lot easier for everything to fall into place, so to speak, when it comes to retirement-income planning.”

    “Renting comes with a lot of risk,” says Brian Schmehil, a planner with the Mather Group in Chicago. “If you rent, you are subject to the whims of your landlord, and a high inflationary environment could put pressure on your finances as you get older.”

    But it’s not always that simple.

    “With housing costs as high as they are now though, renting may be a viable solution, at least for the moment,” says Wojtkowski. “We don’t know what the housing-market trends will be going forward, but if someone is waiting for a housing-market crash before they move, they could very likely be waiting for a long time. We just don’t know.”

    “Any decision comes with pros and cons,” says Schmehil. “Selling when your home values are historically high and renting allows you to capture the equity in your home, which is usually a retiree’s largest or second-largest financial asset. These extra funds allow you to spend more money on yourself in retirement without having to worry about doing a reverse mortgage or selling later in retirement, when it may be harder for you to do so.”

    Renting also allows you to be more flexible about where you live, for example nearer your children or grandchildren, he adds.

    And as any experienced property owner knows, renting also brings another benefit: You no longer have to do as much work around the house.

    “Renting is great in that you don’t need to maintain a residence,” says Ann Covington Alsina, a financial planner running her own firm in Annapolis, Md. “If the dishwasher breaks or the roof leaks, the landlord is responsible.”

    Wojtkowski agrees, noting that many people no longer want to spend time mowing the lawn or shoveling snow in retirement. “Ultimately, one of the things that I’ve seen most retirees most concerned with is eliminating the general upkeep [and] maintenance of homeownership in retirement,” he says.

    Several planners — including Covington Alsina and Wojtkowski — note that one alternative to selling and renting is simply downsizing. This can free up capital, especially when home prices are high, like now, without leaving you exposed to rising rents.

    Many baby boomers have been doing exactly that. 

    Meanwhile, I am reminded of my late friend Vincent Nobile, who — after a long and fruitful life owning homes and raising a family — found himself widowed and alone in his 80s. He rented a small cottage on a New England sound and said how glad he was that he never had to worry about maintaining the roof or the appliances, or fixing the plumbing or the heating, or any one of a thousand other irritations. Or paying property taxes — which go down even more rarely than rents.

    When the regular drives to Boston got too onerous, he moved into the city and rented there. And he was glad to do it. The money he had made was all in investments — a lot less hassle both for him and his heirs.

    I once asked him if he would prefer to own his own home. He shook his head and laughed.

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  • How to enjoy retirement without busting your budget

    How to enjoy retirement without busting your budget

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    The goal of many (or most) savers and long-term investors is to achieve financial independence. The combination of building up a nest egg, paying down debt and eventually receiving Social Security payments or another source of retirement income might put you in a comfortable position, but even people who have worked together to achieve financial independence may disagree on what to do after their careers end.

    Quentin Fottrell — the Moneyist — heard from one couple who are facing a quandary. They have been financially responsible, but as they near retirement, the wife wishes to be very careful with their combined investment portfolio, while the husband wants to begin spending a significant portion of it. They both make reasonable arguments. Here’s what they should do.

    From the Help Me Retire column: My 57-year-old husband works three shifts and is burned out. Can he retire?

    You have to get there first

    A behavioral study finds a correlation between having one specific type of conversation and taking action to build wealth.


    Getty Images

    Doing this even once might help encourage you or someone you know to begin saving and investing for the long term.

    The ‘Magnificent Seven’ stocks may not remain at the top

    Salesforce is among the companies passing a Goldman Sachs screen for growth of sales and earnings.


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    Even an index that includes hundreds of stocks can be heavily concentrated. Large technology-oriented companies have led this year’s 16% rebound for the S&P 500
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    following last year’s 18% decline (both with dividends reinvested). But the index is weighted by market capitalization, which means the “Magnificent Seven” — Apple Inc.
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    Microsoft Corp.
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    two common share classes of Alphabet Inc.
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    GOOG,
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    ,
    Amazon.com Inc.
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    ,
    Nvidia Corp.
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    ,
    Tesla Inc.
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    and Meta Platforms Inc.
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    — make up 27.9% of the SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust
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    .

    In the Need to Know column, Barbara Kollmeyer lists companies that might turn out to be among the next Magnificent Seven, based on a Goldman Sachs screen.

    Getting back to the current Magnificent Seven, you may be surprised to see which of the stocks is cheapest — by far — per one commonly used valuation metric.

    Related: Top investment newsletters aren’t bullish on tech, Tesla or Meta Platforms. Here’s what they do like.

    A thrill ride for EV makers

    An electric Rivian R1S.


    Rivian

    There has been a lot of news in the electric-vehicle space this week. Here are lists of coverage organized by topic.

    Rising unit sales among EV makers:

    Legacy automakers report sales increases, including a tremendous increase in EV unit sales for Ford
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    :

    Reaction from analysts and investors:

    In other news, Mullen Automotive Inc.
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    has started to deliver electric vehicles. Further developments for the company this week included the announcement of a stock-buyback plan and possible action against naked short sellers.

    A changing job market

    The employment numbers for June from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics showed the lowest level of job creation since late 2020. Then again, the demand for labor in the U.S. remains high, despite the Federal Reserve’s efforts to slow economic growth.

    If you are looking to make a career change, what does all this mean to you? Andrew Keshner points to a development in the employment market that may have you thinking twice about jumping ship.

    Threads and Twitter

    Meta’s Threads app has signed up as many as 50 million users in its first two days of operation, some reports say.


    AFP via Getty Images

    Meta rolled out its new Threads service on Wednesday to compete directly with Twitter and has already signed up 50 million users, according to some reports.

    Twitter CEO Linda Yaccarino was quick to respond.

    More reaction:

    Consumer spending may spike

    U.S. shoppers have been taking it slow during a period of high inflation, but the overall economy has been stronger than expected even as the Federal Reserve continues tightening its monetary policy.

    The coming flurry of July sales events at Amazon, Walmart Inc.
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    and Target Corp.
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    could signal a turnaround for consumers, as James Rogers reports.

    Financial crime

    Lukas I. Alpert writes the Financial Crime column. Have you ever wondered how you might steal a lot of cash from a company that is likely to have rather tight accounting controls in place? This week Alpert explains how the manager of an Amazon warehouse managed to scale the heights of criminal achievement to collect $10 million — and a 16-year jail sentence.

    Also read: Silver dealer ordered to pay $146 million in case of 500,000 missing coins

    Want more from MarketWatch? Sign up for this and other newsletters to get the latest news and advice on personal finance and investing.

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  • While investors can’t expect a deal like former baseball star Bobby Bonilla, they can use an annuity to create a stream of income in retirement

    While investors can’t expect a deal like former baseball star Bobby Bonilla, they can use an annuity to create a stream of income in retirement

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    Infielder Bobby Bonilla of the MLB’s New York Mets at a game against the Los Angeles Dodgers at Dodger Stadium, July 25, 1993.

    Stephen Dunn | Getty Images Sport | Getty Images

    Former Major League Baseball player Bobby Bonilla collects a $1,193,248.20 check from the New York Mets every July 1, and he’ll continue to do so until 2035. The catch? He hasn’t played for the team in 24 years.

    Bonilla scored this deal in 2000, when the Mets still owed him $5.9 million. However, the all-star player agreed to defer his payment to let the Mets invest in the team and stadium. In return, the Mets agreed to pay Bonilla back $29.8 million over 35 years — one of the MLB’s most famous deals ever.

    In fact, ever since, July 1 has been known as Bobby Bonilla Day.

    “For Bobby Bonilla, they’ve taken big lump sums of money [and] instead of giving [him] money up front, they’ll convert that money into a future stream of income payments,” said certified financial planner Louis Barajas, CEO of International Private Wealth Advisors in Irvine, California. Barajas is also a member of CNBC’s Financial Advisor Council.

    More from Personal Finance:
    Social Security phone mishaps hampered beneficiary services
    Your 401(k) plan may be worsening climate change
    Psychologist recommends spending plans over budgeting

    While most investors can’t expect a deal anything similar to Bonilla’s, they do have access to a similar financial product called an annuity.

    Annuities provide a guaranteed stream of income

    An annuity is a lump sum of money, often taken out of a retirement plan, which is converted into a future stream of income, or annuitized. Insurance companies guarantee payments for a set period that can span the rest of your life or beyond. Payments might begin immediately or be deferred.

    The allure for investors is a guaranteed stream of income, much similar to Social Security or pensions. That can alleviate fears of running out of money in retirement.

    How do insurance companies determine how much money they’re going to give you? It’s based on a couple of things, said Barajas. These include the rate of return they think they can earn on the money you give them, and your life expectancy, added Barajas.

    Demand for annuities has soared this year amid concerns about the economy and lingering hints of a potential recession. Annuities struck a record sale of $310.6 billion in 2022, according to estimates released by Limra, an insurance trade group.

    More than half, or 54%, of savers are considering a type of guaranteed lifetime income, according to a survey by Morning Consult for the American Council of Life Insurers.

    Annuities are an investment product that have benefited from record-high interest rates — the higher the interest rate, the better the monthly rate you’re going to get, Barajas said. Calculations are starting to change because companies have to figure out how to benefit the consumer and people are, on average, living longer, sometimes to age 95 or 100, he said.

    “If you annuitize it, the company has to guarantee you that income,” said Barajas. “Once it’s annuitized, it’s guaranteed for the rest of your life.”

    Three ways to gauge an annuity offer

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  • The unexpected group the Supreme Court’s student-loan decision will impact

    The unexpected group the Supreme Court’s student-loan decision will impact

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    Student loan borrowers aren’t just the freshly graduated and mid-30s working generations — millions of Americans in their retirement years have student debt to pay back, too. 

    There are six times as many borrowers ages 60 and older now than there were in 2004, but their debt has increased “19-fold,” according to a report from New America, a public policy think tank. About 3.5 million Americans in this age bracket carry $125 billion in student debt, the report found. 

    Overall, Americans hold $1.75 trillion in student debt, the World Economic Forum found. The president’s student loan forgiveness plan, which was announced last August and is now in the midst of legal battles in the Supreme Court, would alleviate $10,000 for qualifying borrowers, or $20,000 for those with Pell Grants. At the time of the announcement, the White House said 20 million borrowers would see their debt washed away, and a total of 40 million would find benefit from cancellation.

    See: What you need to know about the student-loan cases before the Supreme Court as the decision looms

    Student debt has been especially problematic because of “stagnant wages and soaring tuition prices,” AARP said in another report highlighting older borrowers. Around 3% of families headed by someone who was 50 or older had student debt in 1989, with an average balance of $10,000, but by 2016, that figure rose to 9.6%, with an average of $33,000, AARP said

    Whether student debt forgiveness will happen or not is still to be determined. Borrowers have been anxiously awaiting an answer from the Supreme Court over two cases linked to the plan — one that argues whether or not the president had the legal authority to forgive loans, and another case about whether the program has standing. The Supreme Court is expected to release its decision on Friday, the last day of the court’s term before summer break. 

    Older borrowers have various reasons to carry debt. Some are paying off their own education, while others have taken on student debt for their loved ones. Federal PLUS loans, for example, allow parents to take loans out for their children’s education. Older Americans may have also taken on debt to refine their skills for a promotion, AARP noted in its report. 

    Also see: Elizabeth Warren: ‘President Biden has the legal authority to cancel student-loan debt’

    Student loans can have a rippling impact on retirement savings — not just in allocating a portion of retirement income toward this debt, but also in accruing enough wealth for old age. Graduates with student loans had 50% less in retirement wealth by age 30 than the graduates without this debt, a Boston College Center for Retirement Research study found.

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  • We’re 54, have $4.5 million in savings but don’t know how to withdraw it in retirement. What should we do?

    We’re 54, have $4.5 million in savings but don’t know how to withdraw it in retirement. What should we do?

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    My wife and I are both 54 years old and have accumulated a taxable account totaling $2.3 million, and retirement assets totaling $2.2 million. We hope to retire at 55, and we are wondering about the best way to take our distributions. Clearly we will not touch the qualified money until we reach 59½.  

    I understand the 4% rule, but when it comes to taking the money, is it better to have a set monthly, quarterly, or annual withdrawal, or is it better to take a lump sum? I can see myself going crazy trying to time market tops in order to take distributions. I was planning to take money off the table after the peak in 2021. I purposely held out until 2022 for tax purposes and that backfired.  

    Is the best course of action to set it and forget on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis?

    See: I’m 54 and the primary earner but ‘professionally, I am exhausted’ — we have $2.18 million but what about healthcare?

    Dear reader, 

    You touch on a really common issue retirees have: the distribution phase. 

    For decades, Americans are told to save, save, save for retirement, but then they get to the point where they need to start using the money…and that can be a complicated process. Retirees need to have an idea of how much to withdraw, what that distribution’s impact will be on the rest of their nest egg, what to expect come tax time and how not to use that money too quickly. 

    Like so much in personal finance, the answer to your question is highly dependent on individual circumstances. I’ll get to that in a minute. 

    First, a note about the 4% rule. This rule is meant to be a guideline. For some people, 4% is too much, while for others, it isn’t enough. Experts have argued its applicability, too — Morningstar, for example, said retirees could use a rate of 3.3% and would have a 90% probability of not running out of money in retirement. 

    Want more actionable tips for your retirement savings journey? Read MarketWatch’s “Retirement Hacks” column

    Before you commit to the 4% rule (which, of course, you can always adjust as the years go on), do a few quick calculations on how much you expect to spend in retirement — with a buffer included — and see what the percentage of your total retirement savings actually is. You may be able to retain more in your retirement assets than you expected. 

    If you’re still not sure on how much to take out, perhaps start a bit more conservatively in an effort to preserve your investments. The less money you take out, the more in your accounts that can continue to grow.

    Also, be aware of something called the “sequence of returns” risk, which is when your portfolio value drops too quickly at the beginning of your distribution journey. The result could be less than ideal for your account.

    Read: The Decumulation Drawdown: How spending became the big dilemma in retirement

    Pay attention to the tax implications of your decision, and consider consulting a qualified financial planner and/or an accountant to help you run the numbers. There are plenty of factors you have not included in your letter, such as if any of that money is in Roth accounts, and even then, a qualified financial planner can get into the granular details to help you make the most of your retirement spending and savings. You might find making Roth conversions to be beneficial as your taxable income drops — it’s also a way to avoid required minimum distributions down the road. 

    Also, you’re right not to touch your retirement assets until you’re 59 ½ years old (and for readers who are unaware, that’s when most retirement account assets become available without incurring a penalty). There are exceptions, such as the “55 rule,” which is when you are allowed to withdraw from your retirement account after separation from service if you are 55 or older. The account you can withdraw from must be linked to the job from which you’re separating, and there may be other stipulations attached. Check with your employer about what you are and aren’t allowed to do with your retirement plan. 

    Now, how often to distribute. This will depend on your comfort level, but some advisers suggest pulling six to 12 months’ of monthly expenses in a money-market account and then creating a paycheck effect. “Setting up monthly or biweekly distributions will create the feel of still working and help you stay within your budget,” said Brian Schmehil, a certified financial planner and managing director of wealth management for The Mather Group. 

    Also see: At 55 years old, I will have worked for 30 years — what are the pros and cons of retiring at that age? 

    Make sure the accounts you’re drawing from have shorter investment horizons and are in less risky investments, which will help you “continue to spend what you want to spend and accomplish your goals without having to be overly mindful of market volatility,” Schmehil said. This is in line with the bucket approach, which is when your assets are divided into various investment horizons. The least risky is in your shorter-term “bucket,” whereas the investments with the most risk are earmarked for the long term. 

    Having a monthly distribution schedule might help keep you in check. “I like to use monthly for most people,” said David Haas, a certified financial planner and owner of Cereus Financial Advisors. “It keeps them thinking about a monthly budget if they have a propensity to spend too much.” 

    Keep in mind how many variables can change over the course of your retirement. For example, if you switch up where your retirement money comes from — your taxable account, your retirement accounts, Social Security, etc. — your tax liabilities could change. Also, inflation might have an impact on your spending, or how quickly you draw down your distribution. Your risk tolerance may also transform, especially as you get older and you see your nest egg dwindle or you face market volatility. The frequency in which you take your money might change too, and if it does, that’s OK.

    Readers: Do you have suggestions for this reader? Add them in the comments below.

    Have a question about your own retirement savings? Email us at HelpMeRetire@marketwatch.com

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  • We’re 54, have $4.5 million in savings but don’t know how to withdraw it in retirement. What should we do?

    We’re 54, have $4.5 million in savings but don’t know how to withdraw it in retirement. What should we do?

    [ad_1]

    My wife and I are both 54 years old and have accumulated a taxable account totaling $2.3 million, and retirement assets totaling $2.2 million. We hope to retire at 55, and we are wondering about the best way to take our distributions. Clearly we will not touch the qualified money until we reach 59½.  

    I understand the 4% rule, but when it comes to taking the money, is it better to have a set monthly, quarterly, or annual withdrawal, or is it better to take a lump sum? I can see myself going crazy trying to time market tops in order to take distributions. I was planning to take money off the table after the peak in 2021. I purposely held out until 2022 for tax purposes and that backfired.  

    Is the best course of action to set it and forget on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis?

    See: I’m 54 and the primary earner but ‘professionally, I am exhausted’ — we have $2.18 million but what about healthcare?

    Dear reader, 

    You touch on a really common issue retirees have: the distribution phase. 

    For decades, Americans are told to save, save, save for retirement, but then they get to the point where they need to start using the money…and that can be a complicated process. Retirees need to have an idea of how much to withdraw, what that distribution’s impact will be on the rest of their nest egg, what to expect come tax time and how not to use that money too quickly. 

    Like so much in personal finance, the answer to your question is highly dependent on individual circumstances. I’ll get to that in a minute. 

    First, a note about the 4% rule. This rule is meant to be a guideline. For some people, 4% is too much, while for others, it isn’t enough. Experts have argued its applicability, too — Morningstar, for example, said retirees could use a rate of 3.3% and would have a 90% probability of not running out of money in retirement. 

    Want more actionable tips for your retirement savings journey? Read MarketWatch’s “Retirement Hacks” column

    Before you commit to the 4% rule (which, of course, you can always adjust as the years go on), do a few quick calculations on how much you expect to spend in retirement — with a buffer included — and see what the percentage of your total retirement savings actually is. You may be able to retain more in your retirement assets than you expected. 

    If you’re still not sure on how much to take out, perhaps start a bit more conservatively in an effort to preserve your investments. The less money you take out, the more in your accounts that can continue to grow.

    Also, be aware of something called the “sequence of returns” risk, which is when your portfolio value drops too quickly at the beginning of your distribution journey. The result could be less than ideal for your account.

    Read: The Decumulation Drawdown: How spending became the big dilemma in retirement

    Pay attention to the tax implications of your decision, and consider consulting a qualified financial planner and/or an accountant to help you run the numbers. There are plenty of factors you have not included in your letter, such as if any of that money is in Roth accounts, and even then, a qualified financial planner can get into the granular details to help you make the most of your retirement spending and savings. You might find making Roth conversions to be beneficial as your taxable income drops — it’s also a way to avoid required minimum distributions down the road. 

    Also, you’re right not to touch your retirement assets until you’re 59 ½ years old (and for readers who are unaware, that’s when most retirement account assets become available without incurring a penalty). There are exceptions, such as the “55 rule,” which is when you are allowed to withdraw from your retirement account after separation from service if you are 55 or older. The account you can withdraw from must be linked to the job from which you’re separating, and there may be other stipulations attached. Check with your employer about what you are and aren’t allowed to do with your retirement plan. 

    Now, how often to distribute. This will depend on your comfort level, but some advisers suggest pulling six to 12 months’ of monthly expenses in a money-market account and then creating a paycheck effect. “Setting up monthly or biweekly distributions will create the feel of still working and help you stay within your budget,” said Brian Schmehil, a certified financial planner and managing director of wealth management for The Mather Group. 

    Also see: At 55 years old, I will have worked for 30 years — what are the pros and cons of retiring at that age? 

    Make sure the accounts you’re drawing from have shorter investment horizons and are in less risky investments, which will help you “continue to spend what you want to spend and accomplish your goals without having to be overly mindful of market volatility,” Schmehil said. This is in line with the bucket approach, which is when your assets are divided into various investment horizons. The least risky is in your shorter-term “bucket,” whereas the investments with the most risk are earmarked for the long term. 

    Having a monthly distribution schedule might help keep you in check. “I like to use monthly for most people,” said David Haas, a certified financial planner and owner of Cereus Financial Advisors. “It keeps them thinking about a monthly budget if they have a propensity to spend too much.” 

    Keep in mind how many variables can change over the course of your retirement. For example, if you switch up where your retirement money comes from — your taxable account, your retirement accounts, Social Security, etc. — your tax liabilities could change. Also, inflation might have an impact on your spending, or how quickly you draw down your distribution. Your risk tolerance may also transform, especially as you get older and you see your nest egg dwindle or you face market volatility. The frequency in which you take your money might change too, and if it does, that’s OK.

    Readers: Do you have suggestions for this reader? Add them in the comments below.

    Have a question about your own retirement savings? Email us at HelpMeRetire@marketwatch.com

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  • What to Do with Your 401(k) During a Recession? | Entrepreneur

    What to Do with Your 401(k) During a Recession? | Entrepreneur

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    There’s been a lot of press in the last year dedicated to asking whether or not we’re in a recession. Because the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) calls recessions retroactively, we could be living in one now and not realize it. Many experts still maintain that a recession will be announced in 2023, though we have yet to see how severe it will be. 

    If your employer gives you access to a 401(k) – a defined-contribution retirement savings plan – you may wonder how a recession should change your contributions. Should you slow down on your contributions? Invest more? Or make your investments more conservative?  

    Here are some key things to consider when managing your 401(k) through a recession. 

    Key Takeaways

    • Recessions don’t necessarily coincide with bear markets, though bear markets present a unique growth opportunity for investors. 
    • Investing through a recession or a bear market highly depends on your time horizon. 
    • Long-term investors can find relief in the fact the market has always rebounded from recessions, reaching even greater market highs over more extended periods.

    What Happens to Stocks During a Recession?

    The stock market is not the economy. Just because you’re sitting in the middle of a bear market doesn’t necessarily mean you’re also in the middle of a recession. But in many cases, the two do coincide. 

    Historically, when the stock market has decreased during a recession, it has always rebounded and gone on to achieve new highs. For example, during the last recession in early 2020, the S&P 500 hit a low of 2,304.92. On Oct. 7, 2022, even in its downward slump compared to the end of 2021, the S&P 500 sat at 3,639.66 – up compared to its February 2020 high of 3,380.16.

    That means if you’re a long-term investor, you shouldn’t count the temporary low as a loss – the long-term value of your investments is highly likely to go up as long as you don’t cash out.

    2022 was a particularly rough year for the stock market, with the Russian invasion of Ukraine causing global uncertainty and high inflation leading the Federal Reserve to institute a series of aggressive rate hikes. The downward pressure hurt corporate profits, many tech companies laid off employees, and discretionary spending decreased generally. 

    Right now, it’s unclear if we’re in a recession, but markets have been on a slow march upward in recent months. After a relatively volatile March, mainly due to the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank, experts are hopeful markets can continue to improve in April.  

    Defensive and Dividend Stocks

    Many financial advisors recommend looking into dividend stocks if you’re a retiree looking for passive income. Dividend stocks produce cash flow, which can replace your income once you retire. 

    Bonds are popular options for investment because they offer regular interest payments and don’t fluctuate as much during volatile economic times. Dividend stocks provide similar benefits in that they can produce steady income but are still subject to market volatility

    Learning about defensive stocks can be another strategy for investors planning for retirement. Some stocks like utility companies, grocery chains, and discount retailers won’t be as affected by market volatility. 

    Evaluate Your Time Horizon

    Time horizon is the amount of time you need to reach your financial goals. When you’re younger, you tend to have a longer time horizon with your 401(k). There are years, possibly decades before you’ll need to withdraw any money. As you age, your time horizon gets inherently shorter as retirement draws near, and you will need to liquidate your assets to continue living. 

    20+ years until retirement

    If you invest over a longer time horizon, you can view market downturns as a generally good time to invest. This is because stock prices typically decrease, allowing you to buy in cheaply. 

    While the market may go down further, there are high odds it will recover and then some by the time you need to access your investments in retirement. 

    The adage tends to be true: more time in the market tends to beat trying to time the market. That’s why one of the wisest ways to invest is dollar cost averaging, investing a fixed dollar amount in steady increments over a long period. 

    10 to 20 years until retirement

    If you have ten to twenty years until retirement, you’re more likely to want a mix in your asset allocation. Maybe half or a little more than half of your portfolio is made up of stocks, which are higher risk but also offer the potential of higher returns. 

    You could allocate the remaining portion of your portfolio towards more conservative investments, like bonds. Some investments, like target date funds, make these allocation changes automatically for you as you age.

    Less than a decade until retirement until retirement

    As you move towards retirement, it’s generally a good idea to make your portfolio more conservative. You can do this by putting a more significant proportion of your investments into shorter-term bonds and high-grade bonds, which tend to be less volatile than stocks. 

    Most people will want to aim for ample cash reserves at retirement. It is a smart idea to do some income planning to decide where you will get your income at retirement. For example, if you have a Roth IRA, a 401(k), social security, and cash reserves, which source of income does it make sense to draw from first?  

    For example, one advantage of delaying drawing from social security is that the longer you wait to claim social security, the higher your monthly benefit will be. If you can rely on your 401(k) before you turn 70 – the age at which your social security benefits reach their maximum – you can earn more income later in life. 

    Investing During a Recession

    One of the surest ways to successfully save for retirement is putting away at least 10%-15% of your income throughout your career. Make those contributions directly via paycheck deductions to ensure you don’t get cold feet about investing when the market is down. 

    If you are sitting on some extra cash and wondering if a recession is a good time to invest, the answer is usually “yes.” When the stock market dips down, that dip has never historically been permanent. Over a longer time horizon, your investment’s value will likely increase. 

    However, waiting for the market bottom is rarely a good idea, as this point is difficult to predict accurately. You could hold onto your cash for too long before investing and then buy as stocks are on the rise again, losing the gains you would have incurred had you put your money in earlier.

    Rather than trying to time the market, consider contributing at least 10% -15 % to your 401(k). Remember that one of the most significant benefits of having a 401(k) is reducing your taxable income whenever you move money from your paycheck into that account. Because the US uses a progressive tax system, less taxable income means you pay fewer taxes. 

    401(k) vs. Roth IRA 

    When planning for retirement, you must decide what kind of tax-advantaged account you want to use. 

    A Roth IRA is an individual retirement account you can set up with a bank or other financial institution. You fund a Roth IRA with after-tax money, meaning you can’t deduct contributions from your taxable income before retirement. Instead, you don’t have to pay taxes on the money you withdraw from your Roth IRA after retirement. 

    You fund a traditional IRA with pre-tax money, like a 401(k). You deduct contributions toward a traditional IRA from your taxable income and pay taxes on the money after retirement. 

    The most significant difference between a Roth IRA and 401(k) is that the latter is employer-sponsored. This means you don’t have to be as hands-on with your account, and that eligibility depends on whether your employer offers this savings option. 

    A Roth IRA is a handy option for people who think they’ll be in a higher tax bracket after retirement. This is because Roth IRAs are funded with after-tax money, meaning your withdrawals were already subject to taxation. However, Roth and traditional IRAs typically have lower contribution limits than 401(k)s. 

    Lower-Risk Places to Hold Your Cash

    If you’re inching closer to retirement, you may want to move more of your assets into more conservative investments like: 

    • CDs
    • Short-term bonds
    • Money market funds
    • Treasury bills

    Only some of these vehicles are immediately liquid, but they are a safer space to stash your cash than the stock market. 

    Remember that those with longer time horizons don’t necessarily need more conservative investments – even in a recession. Time is on your side, so the stocks you’re investing in have longer to recover and grow. 

    The Bottom Line

    Hopefully, you started investing young to give yourself an adequate time horizon to take on risks. If you did, a recession wouldn’t necessarily upend your game plan. 

    Those with longer time horizons can usually afford to take on riskier stocks, even in a bear market. When you have 10 or 20 years left until retirement, you typically want to start making your portfolio more conservative but maintain enough risk to enable further growth. 

    Suppose retirement is less than a decade away. In that case, you’ll probably want your investments to be much more conservative overall, and you may even start strategizing how to move them into cash reserves.

    The post What to Do with Your 401(k) During a Recession? appeared first on Due.

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    Eric Rosenberg

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  • Why Charles Schwab became a financial ‘supermarket’

    Why Charles Schwab became a financial ‘supermarket’

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    Charles Schwab Corp. is the largest publicly traded brokerage business in the United States with $7.5 trillion of client assets, and is a leading service provider for financial advisors, among the top exchange-traded fund asset managers and one of the biggest banks.

    “It would be fair to characterize Charles Schwab as a financial services supermarket,” Michael Wong, director of North American equity research and financial services at Morningstar, told CNBC. “Anything that you want, you can find in Charles Schwab’s platform.”

    Over the decades, Charles Schwab helped usher in a low-cost investing revolution while surviving market crashes and fierce competition — even when the game was taken up a notch to zero-fee commissions in 2019. 

    “Inherently, this is a scale business. The larger you are, the more efficient you are from an expense perspective,” Alex Fitch, portfolio manager for the Oakmark Select Fund and the Oakmark Equity and Income Fund, which invests in Charles Schwab, told CNBC. “It enables you to cut prices.”

    Various facets of Charles Schwab’s business compete against many legacy full-service brokers and investment bankers, including Fidelity, Edward Jones, Interactive Brokers, Stifel, JPMorgan, Morgan Stanley and UBS. And, it has to battle in the financial tech market against companies like Robinhood, Ally Financial and SoFi. 

    The melee reached a turning point in 2019 when Charles Schwab announced it was slashing commissions for stock, ETF and options trades to zero, matching the fees offered by Robinhood when it entered the market in 2014.

    Quickly, other companies followed suit and cut fees, which damaged TD Ameritrade’s business enough that Charles Schwab ended up acquiring it in a $26 billion all-stock deal less two months later.

    Charles Schwab was among the firms that benefited from the growth of retail investing during the coronavirus pandemic, and it’s now facing the consequences of Federal Reserve’s aggressive interest rate hikes. 

    That’s because of Charles Schwab’s huge banking business that generates revenue from sweep accounts, which are when the firm uses money leftover in investors’ portfolios and reinvests it in securities, like government bonds, to help turn a profit. 

    Charles Schwab told CNBC it was unable to participate in this documentary.

    Watch the video above to learn more about how Charles Schwab battled the ever-evolving financial services market – from fees to fintech – and how the reward doesn’t come without the risk. 

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  • America may now be in a youth-cession: Consumers over age 60 are propping up the economy

    America may now be in a youth-cession: Consumers over age 60 are propping up the economy

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    Is America going into a recession or not? That depends on who you ask—and how old they are.

    Consumer households from their 20s to their 50s are now spending sharply less on their credit and debit cards than they were a year ago reports Bank of America, after crunching the numbers on its customers.

    At this point it’s mostly those over 60, and…

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  • As Republican contenders start to line up for the White House in 2024, Social Security may be key issue

    As Republican contenders start to line up for the White House in 2024, Social Security may be key issue

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    zimmytws | iStock | Getty Images

    Last November’s midterm elections were expected to bring a so-called “red wave” of wins for Republican candidates. But ultimately, voters gave Democrats an edge in some of the most competitive congressional districts.

    One deciding factor was candidates’ messages around Social Security and Medicare, which helped sway voters, particularly those ages 50 and up, according to an analysis from AARP following the Nov. 8 election.

    Now, as the 2024 presidential election approaches, and GOP hopefuls line up for their party’s nomination, they face new pressure to decide where they stand, particularly with Social Security.

    Former President Donald Trump and Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis — who thus far are in the lead in the Republican polls — have so far pledged not to touch the program.

    “Under no circumstances should Republicans vote to cut a single penny from Medicare or Social Security to help pay for Joe Biden’s reckless spending spree,” Trump said in January.

    In March, DeSantis told Fox News, “We’re not going to mess with Social Security as Republicans.”

    Their position matches that of President Joe Biden, who during the State of the Union prompted both sides of the aisle to agree the program is “off the books.”

    More from Personal Finance:
    This tool lets you play at fixing Social Security woes
    Retirement-savings gap may cost economy $1.3 trillion by 2040
    How a retirement age change could affect younger Americans

    While that stance is popular with the public, some experts say it is ill-advised.

    “It’s fundamentally irresponsible to say we’re not going to touch it when everybody who’s ever looked at the finances of the program recognizes that it’s going bankrupt,” said Whit Ayres, president of North Star Opinion Research, a center-right political polling operation.

    The situation presents an opportunity for a hero to emerge, one who can put the program on sound financial footing, Ayres said.

    One longshot Republican hopeful — former Cranston, Rhode Island, mayor Steve Laffey — plans to enter the race with his own bold plan to reconstruct Social Security as the first priority on his agenda.

    “Our biggest problem is this: We as Americans simply don’t directly confront our problems,” Laffey said.

    Social Security is the “ultimate example of that,” he said.

    Changes needed ‘sooner rather than later’

    A crucial inflection point, particularly for Social Security, is coming, according to the program’s trustees.

    Social Security’s combined funds will only be able to pay full benefits until 2034. At that point, just 80% of benefits will be payable if nothing is done sooner.

    Lawmakers on both sides of the aisle would need to agree on fixes for the program. These could include benefit cuts, such as raising the retirement age, tax increases or a combination of both.

    But with Democrats vowing to protect benefits and Republicans swearing off tax increases, that has thus far left little room for compromise.

    As Washington leaders recently worked out a deal to raise the nation’s debt ceiling for two years, the cost of Social Security and Medicare came under scrutiny.

    Both Social Security and Medicare fall under the category of mandatory spending, which altogether represents more than two-thirds of the nation’s budget, according to the Tax Foundation.

    Consequently, it is impossible to address the nation’s spending without addressing those programs, according to Tax Foundation economist Alex Durante.

    “The longer we push this out, it becomes more difficult to try to protect everyone that receives the benefits,” Durante said. “It’s important that we tackle this sooner rather than later.”

    Proposal for ‘modern version’ of Social Security

    The Social Security plan Laffey would implement throws out the traditional approaches of tax increases or benefit cuts.

    Instead, he wants to gradually phase out the FICA tax completely. Currently, workers and employers each pay 6.2% on up to $160,200 in wages toward Social Security.

    That would be replaced by new Personal Security System accounts, to which workers would contribute 10% of their pay. Those balances would be invested in a weighted index of global stocks, bonds and other securities.

    The plan comes from Laurence Kotlikoff, a Boston University economics professor who has devoted much of his career to helping people get the most from Social Security and demystifying the program’s many rules.

    Kotlikoff himself ran for president in 2012 and 2016 as a third-party candidate. In subsequent election cycles, he has urged Laffey to run.

    The two met when Laffey was working on “Fixing America,” a 2012 documentary about Americans’ perspectives on fixing the country’s problems post-financial crisis. Laffey wrote and co-produced the documentary, for which he interviewed Kotlikoff.

    Laffey, a former Morgan Keegan executive, has mostly been out of politics after serving two terms as mayor of Cranston, Rhode Island.

    He ran for a U.S. Senate seat in Rhode Island in 2006 and then in 2014 pursued the Republican nomination for a U.S. House seat representing Colorado, where he now lives. He was unsuccessful in both races.

    Republican 2024 presidential hopeful Steve Laffey arrives for an interview at a local TV station in Cranston, Rhode Island, on March 17, 2023.

    Ed Jones | Afp | Getty Images

    Laffey launched a campaign for mayor at a time when Cranston had the lowest bond rating in America, he said. The big accomplishment he boasts as Cranston mayor is bringing the city’s bond rating up. The city’s S&P rating climbed to an A- in 2006 from a B in 2002, according to a spokesman for Laffey.

    The Social Security plan would be a fully funded system, where you get your money back in the form of an inflation-indexed annuity, according to Kotlikoff.

    “It’s a modern version of Social Security,” Kotlikoff said.

    The goal would be to give beneficiaries a bigger return on the money than they get now.

    It also aims to address the program’s current inequities. The government would make matching contributions on behalf of lower earners, the disabled and unemployed. Spouses would share their contributions to the program equally.

    The investment strategies would be computerized and custodied by the federal government, not by Wall Street. Everyone would get the same rate of return, Kotlikoff noted.

    The expectation is that over a 40-year time horizon the accounts would be able to make up for down years and ultimately provide workers with more money than today’s Social Security program.

    The hope is a worker who is 20 years old in 2025 may eventually stand to get $10,000 per month, rather than $2,000, which would be a “lot better,” Laffey said.

    The plan coincides with Laffey’s plans to overhaul government spending, such as changing the Federal Reserve’s inflation target to zero, rather than the current goal of 2%, in order to force Congress to work within its budget.

    ‘Both sides are going to have to give’

    Because any changes to Social Security involve strict emotions, the big question is whether lawmakers and Americans would be ready to embrace a new direction for the program.

    The idea of rethinking the way Social Security funds are invested has come up before.

    While in office, President George W. Bush had proposed letting Americans save part of their Social Security taxes in personal retirement accounts, referred to as “partial privatization.”

    Andrew Biggs, who worked in the White House on Social Security reform at the time and who is now a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, remembers the proposal did not come close to succeeding, even as Social Security still had surpluses and Republicans controlled both houses of Congress.

    Consequently, privatization — where personal accounts are funded out of part of the existing payroll tax — would be a long shot, he said.

    “If Bush couldn’t do it then, despite a great effort, that’s not happening now,” Biggs said.

    But personal accounts funded on top of the existing Social Security program, such as ensuring everyone signs up for a retirement plan at work, could be “more possible,” he said.

    Another challenge may be getting Americans to embrace the idea.

    The only people who like personalized accounts are affluent, college-educated white men, said Celinda Lake, a Democratic pollster and president at Lake Research Partners, who has conducted focus groups with married couples on the subject.

    Women of all ages, who are very worried about the future of the program for their own economic security, are less likely to embrace the idea, she said.

    Biden and Trump campaign signs are displayed as voters line up to cast their ballots during early voting at the Alafaya Branch Library in Orlando, Florida, Oct. 30, 2020.

    Getty Images

    For candidates, taking such a position can also jeopardize their primary and general election viability, Lake said.

    Yet Ayres, of North Star Opinion Research, sees an opportunity for reforms much like President Ronald Reagan helped usher in, which put Social Security on sound financial footing for half a century, he said.

    That likely won’t come from an “unworkable” overhaul of the program, Ayres said, but instead more marginal changes, such as raising the retirement age by several months and increasing the cap on Social Security earnings.

    Like Reagan’s efforts, it would also require bipartisan commissions, he said.

    As with the newly inked debt ceiling deal, “both sides are going to have to give a little bit,” Ayres said.

    “Just putting your head in the sand and waiting for it to go bankrupt is a fundamentally irresponsible position,” he said.

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  • The 60:40 portfolio is up more than 17%. Why is it doing so much better this year?

    The 60:40 portfolio is up more than 17%. Why is it doing so much better this year?

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    “Regression to the mean” is a powerful force in the financial markets, so it was a good bet that the 60:40 portfolio would have a much better year in 2023 than in 2022.

    But not as good a year as it has had so far. That’s important to point out, lest retirees start believing that returns like we’re seeing this year are the norm. They’re not.

    The 60:40 portfolio, a default option for many retirees and near-retirees, lost 23.4% last year, assuming the 60% equity portion was invested in the Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF
    VTI,
    +1.65%

    and the 40% bond portion in the Vanguard Long-Term Treasury ETF
    VGLT,
    -0.94%
    .
    That was the worst calendar-year return for the portfolio since the Great Depression.

    Through the end of May this year, in contrast, this portfolio rose at an annualized pace of 17.6%. That is more than double the average return since 1793 of 7.7% annualized for an annually rebalanced portfolio (according to data compiled by Edward McQuarrie of Santa Clara University).

    Regression to the mean deserves only a minority of the credit for this reversal. That’s because there’s no guarantee that, following a year with as big a loss as 2022’s, the portfolio would produce a gain this year. Strictly speaking, in fact, all that regression to the mean implies for the 60:40 portfolio is that its return this year would be closer to its long-term average than last year’s. A wide range of possible returns are consistent with this implication, of course, including a loss—just so long as that loss is significantly less than 2022’s.

    Rather than thanking mean regression, retirees therefore should thank their lucky stars that the 60:40 portfolio’s year-to-date return is coming in at the upper end of this possible range.

    But I need not remind you that luck is not a strategy.

    It’s also important to remember that regression to the mean cuts both ways. Assuming that the 60:40 portfolio continues performing for all of 2023 at its year-to-date pace, mean regression would imply a smaller return in 2024. That smaller return could still be a gain, of course, but it also could be a loss.

    In any case, it’s worth emphasizing that the 60:40 portfolio is a long-term bet, not a market timing tool. As you can see from the accompanying chart, this portfolio’s most recent trailing 20-year annualized return is almost precisely on top of its two-century average of 7.7% annualized. So no regression to the mean is implied when projecting the portfolio’s long-term future return.

    Mark Hulbert is a regular contributor to MarketWatch. His Hulbert Ratings tracks investment newsletters that pay a flat fee to be audited. He can be reached at mark@hulbertratings.com.

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  • The debt ceiling deal: This clause is bad for Social Security

    The debt ceiling deal: This clause is bad for Social Security

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    If there were no tax cheats in America, there would be no Social Security crisis. Benefits could be paid, and payroll taxes kept the same, for the next 75 years.

    That’s not me talking. That’s math. It comes from the number crunchers at the Social Security Administration and the Internal Revenue Service.

    And it explains why those of us who support Social Security should be pounding the table in outrage over one clause of the Biden-McCarthy debt ceiling deal: The part where the president has to retreat from his crackdown on tax cheats just so McCarthy and the House Republicans would agree to prevent America defaulting on its debts.

    It’s just two years since the administration got into law an extra $80 billion for the IRS to beef up enforcement. That was supposed to include hiring an estimated 87,000 IRS agents. 

    OK, so nobody likes paying taxes and nobody likes the IRS. Cue the inevitable critiques of an IRS tax “army,” and so on. But this isn’t about whether taxes should be higher or lower. It’s about whether everyone should pay the taxes that they owe.

    After all, if we’re going to cut taxes, shouldn’t they apply to those of us who obey the laws as well as those who don’t? Or do we just support the “Tax Cuts for Criminals” Act?

    Why would any voter rally around a platform of “I stand with tax cheats?”

    The Congressional Budget Office calculated that the extra funding for the IRS would have reduced the deficit, because it would more than pay for itself. But it’s now been cut by an estimated $21 billion out of $80 billion.

    If this seems abstract, consider the context and how it affects you and your retirement — and the retirements of everyone you know.

    Social Security is now running at an $80 billion annual deficit. That’s the amount benefits are expected to exceed payroll taxes this year. (So say the Social Security Administration’s trustees.)

    Next year, that deficit is expected to top $150 billion. By 2026, we’re looking at $200 billion and rising. The trust fund will run out of cash by 2034, and without extra payroll taxes will have to slash benefits by a fifth or more.

    Over the next 75 years, says the Congressional Budget Office, the entire funding gap for the program will average about 1.7% of gross domestic product per year.

    Meanwhile, how much are tax cheats stealing from the rest of us? A multiple of that.

    According to the most recent estimates from the IRS, tax cheats steal about $470 billion a year. And that figure is four years out of date, relating to 2019. That’s the figure after enforcement measures.

    Oh, and the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration says that’s a lowball number.

    But it still worked out at around 12% of all the taxes people were supposed to pay (including payroll taxes). And around 2.3% of GDP.

    Over the next 10 years, based on similar ratios to GDP, that would come to another $3.3 billion. 

    Sure, Social Security’s trust fund is theoretically separate from the rest of Uncle Sam’s finances. But that’s an accounting issue: A distinction without a difference.

    Social Security is America’s retirement plan. Few could retire in dignity without it. Yet it is facing a fiscal crisis. By 2034, without changes, the program will be forced to cut benefits — drastically.

    Some people want to cut benefits. Others want to raise the retirement age, which also means cutting benefits. Others want to raise taxes on benefits — which also means cutting benefits. Others want to hike payroll taxes, either on all of us or (initially) only on very high earners.

    At last — just 40 or so years out of date — some are starting to talk about investing some of the trust fund like nearly every other pension plan in the world, in high-returning stocks instead of just low-returning Treasury bonds. 

    (It is hard for me to believe that it’s now almost 16 years since I first wrote about this ridiculously obvious fix And, yes, I’ve been boring readers on the subject ever since, including here and most recently here, and, no, I have no plans to stop.)

    But if investing some of the trust fund in stocks is a no-brainer, so, too, is insisting everyone obey the law and pay the taxes they actually owe each year. I mean, shouldn’t we do that before we think about raising taxes even further on those who abide by the law?

    How could anyone object? Any party that believes in law and order would support enforcing, er, law and order on tax evasion. And any party of fiscal conservatism would support measures, like tax enforcement, to narrow the deficit.

    And, actually, any party that truly supported lower taxes for all would be tough on tax evasion: It is precisely this $500 billion in evasion by a small, scofflaw minority that forces the rest of us to pay more. We have, quite literally, a tax on obeying the law.

    One of the many arguments in favor of taxing assets or wealth, instead of just income, is that enforcement would be easier and evasion much harder

    Washington, D.C., seems to be a place where people come up with complex proposals just so they can avoid the simple, fair ones.

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  • Some Retirees Are Saving Money By Moving Abroad | Entrepreneur

    Some Retirees Are Saving Money By Moving Abroad | Entrepreneur

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    Retirement is a hot (and stressful) topic for millions of Americans as high inflation has driven up the cost of living while dwindling savings accounts. However, some retirees have found a way to live comfortably while still saving money: by moving abroad.

    At the end of 2021, nearly 450,000 retirees received their social security benefits outside the U.S., an uptick from 307,000 in 2008, according to the Social Security Administration.

    The Wall Street Journal spoke to six retirees who moved abroad (with savings ranging from $70,000 to $1.8 million) debunking the myth that relocating overseas requires a massive nest egg.

    Six years ago, Halisi Vinson, 58, and Ricardo Crawley, 67, were nearly $25,000 in credit card debt and had less than $50,000 in retirement savings. After analyzing their spending habits and expenses, the couple spent six years drastically cutting back on expenses and increasing their retirement savings. About a year ago, the duo moved to Portugal, where they quickly realized how much less they spend on daily life. Between rent and dining out, the couple spends about $2,600 a month, they told the WSJ.

    Related: American Retirement Outlook Falls to Lowest Level Since 2012

    Another retiree, Matthew Coe, 60, moved from Washington State to Barcelona 13 years ago and says his monthly expenses add up to about $3,000. The former corporate lawyer told the WSJ that if he were still living in Seattle, his monthly spending would be nearly $6,500, including travel and healthcare.

    During his retirement in Barcelona, Coe invested in local real estate and even started his own business, which helps international buyers find and renovate homes around the city.

    “My stress level in Spain is much lower as a result of the lower cost of living and an overall higher quality of life,” he told the outlet.

    While moving abroad can seem costly, many countries have visas and tax incentives designed specifically for retirees. For example, Portugal’s Non-Habitual Resident regime grants eligible foreigners tax benefits such as exemption from local taxes for 10 years on income sourced from outside of Portugal (including social security, pension income, salary from outside the country, and more).

    In Spain, where Coe resides, there are two main options for potential retirees: the Spain Investors Visa, which grants residency to those who invest in local real estate, companies, or a personal business, and the Non-Lucrative Residence Permit, which grants eligible foreigners residency if they prove sufficient income to support themselves and their dependents.

    Related: $1.2 Million Dollars in 6 Months – Retirement Strategy Secrets Revealed

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  • 10 of the Best Books on Social Security | Entrepreneur

    10 of the Best Books on Social Security | Entrepreneur

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     Social Security benefits will eventually be paid to the majority of American workers. It may be possible to qualify for bigger Social Security payments and avoid payment reductions and withholdings if you understand how the system works.

    Still. when workers reach retirement age, they often have many questions regarding Social Security benefits — especially when there is so much confusion and misinformation regarding Social Security.

    With these ten books, you can debunk these myths and make sure your retirement plan includes Social Security.

    Specifically, this book focuses on Social Security and on ensuring that the deserving get the benefits they deserve. Since this book appeared on the New York Times Bestsellers list, we think this is a topic people want to learn more about.

    The authors of this book are all experts in Social Security. There is a lot of detail in the book, but the style is conversational. Chapters 16 and 17 are the highlights of this book. You’ll learn the 50 “Good News Secrets to Boosting Your Lifetime Benefits,” as well as” 50 Bad News Gatchas” which can permanently reduce them. It’s easy to see why the purchase of the book would be worthwhile for these two chapters alone.

    Mike Piper is a CPA and author of several personal finance books. However, this happens to be one of the most intriguing, fascinating, and informative books about Social Security.

    The book explains how to claim Social Security retirement benefits at the right time and provides a comprehensive explanation of the retirement benefits available.

    Why’s that so important?

    In terms of society’s image, Social Security benefits are crucial. The Social Security Administration has found that about half of the population aged 65 and older live in households that receive at least 50 percent of their family income from Social Security benefits and about 25 percent of those households receive at least 90 percent of their income from Social Security benefits.

    Overall, everything you need to know about Social Security benefits is in Social Security made simple. Among the topics covered are divorced spouses’ Social Security benefits, children’s benefits, the earnings limit and the windfall elimination provision for non-SS workers, and the government pension offset for non-SS workers.

    In the fourth edition of A Social Security Owner’s Manual, the benefits of Social Security are stressed. After all, more and more people are interested in knowing how to maximize their Social Security benefits.

    Specifically, financial advisor Jim Blankenship explains how readers can calculate the level of their benefit. In addition, he discusses how the spouse of the recipient receives the benefits. He also goes over how these benefits can be further enhanced by adding on to them.

    Having worked for the Social Security Administration and as a syndicated columnist for Creators Syndicate for nearly 50 years, Tom Margenau is definitely an expert when it comes to Social Security.

    It’s a comprehensive book that explains in plain English the various aspects of Social Security, despite its short length of only about 100 pages. As such, it’s perfect for anyone looking for an introduction to Social Security. It explains the history of Social Security and explains what options are available to you even at the age of 62 or (in some cases) earlier. In addition, it discusses options for widows and widowers, as well as divorcees.

    The best thing about the Dummies series? Complex topics are explained in an easy-to-understand manner by the authors.

    Social Security

    The entire book is chock-full of useful information, but Chapter 15, the first chapter in Part 5, debunks the myths surrounding Social Security. Throughout Chapter 16, young people are referred to as stakeholders in Social Security and should keep an eye on the policy changes in the coming years. Lastly, Chapter 17 discusses how Social Security will have to adapt to the realities of the future.

    As a financial planner, Devin Carroll is passionate about simplifying retirement planning. His straightforward and condensed guide to Social Security’s jargon is the perfect guide to explain the confusing Social Security System.

    That’s important since in order to fully understand Social Security regulations, you must understand the norms and regulations. As such, it’s good to see that this book covers nine essential points about Social Security, as the title suggests. No matter if you are looking for information about benefits, rules, options, or effects of Social Security, you will find these points useful. Keeping these points in mind is critical to keeping social activities running smoothly.

    There are a lot of myths and misstatements about Social Security floating around the Internet, in emails, and on websites. Thankfully, our friend Tom Margenau has spent the last half-century dispelling these myths.

    The result is an easy-to-understand guide to 100 security myths. His book is divided into two sections, “Political and Myths” and “Program and Practical Myths.” He even has sections on the Supplement Social Security Income Program and Medicare.

    Social Security Works President Nancy Altman delivers her third book, which debunks myths and reveals the truth about our nation’s most popular and successful government program using the founder’s own words.

    Altman draws heavily on primary sources, such as speeches and published remarks by those who were part of the Social Security Insurance Act at its inception. It may be interesting to some readers to learn that FDR originally intended to push for national health care, but was resisted by the AMA. Throughout this book, it becomes clear that Social Security remains a work in progress and its original purpose is not yet fulfilled.

    As you plan for retirement, you may have heard that you’ll require multiple income sources to live a comfortable retirement. You can, however, learn some key insights about retirement in this book and reduce the media’s fear about retirement.

    Certified Financial Planner Josh Scandlen argues that you don’t need millions to retire. In particular, this holds true if your mortgage has been paid off since this is the biggest expense in your life. As a result, your lifestyle will be okay financially as long as you are comfortable with it and don’t expect to make many changes.

    Specifically, the $214,000 mistake benefits married couples who are in their 60s or 70s to receive better Social Security benefits. Since approximately 97% of those who deserve Social Security benefits do not receive them, this is a must-read for pretty much everyone.

    Using a critical tone, the author James Lange, CPA, Attorney, and Financial Advisor, question the delay in claiming Social Security benefits, modifies the benefits, and increases the spouse’s security benefits. Using simple examples and uncomplicated language, you’ll learn how to put proven strategies in place so married couples don’t lose hundreds of thousands of dollars. In addition, Lange describes how to combine optimal Roth IRA conversion strategies with the best Social Security strategies.

    FAQs

    What Is Social Security?

    To provide retirement income to certain U.S. workers, the Social Security program was established in 1935. Eventually, it covered most of the workforce in the country. Americans rely on this financial lifeline to stay afloat in their golden years.

    Social Security accounts for at least 50% of the income of 37% of elderly men and 42% of elderly women. Approximately 12% of elderly men and 15% of elderly women earn at least 90% of their income from Social Security.

    What is the Social Security retirement age?

    It depends on your birth year when you can claim your full Social Security benefit. The full retirement age is 65 for people who were born in 1937 or earlier, 66 for baby boomers born between 1943 and 1954, and 67 for people born after 1960. There are even more specific retirement age requirements for those born between 1938 and 1942, as well as 1955 and 1959. A person born in 1942 will be able to retire at 65, 10 months, while a boomer born in 1956 will be 66, 4 months.

    Delaying claiming Social Security until 70 can increase your benefits while those who sign up between 62 and full retirement age receive smaller monthly payments.

    If you delay taking Social Security up until age 70, your benefit increases by 8% every year if you delay taking it from the time you reach full retirement age.

    What is the best time to start collecting Social Security benefits?

    A person can begin receiving Social Security benefits at the age of 62, though the amount will be smaller than if they wait. Waiting until full retirement age (67 for those born in 1960 or later) will allow you to collect more money, but over a shorter period of time. The situation of each individual varies, however. The Social Security Administration notes that “there’s not a single ‘best age’ and, in the end, it’s your choice.”

    Consider these questions when:

    • What is your ideal retirement age?
    • Do you have enough money to retire?

    It is critical to consider your lifestyle, health, life expectancy, and where you will live in retirement. This is when determining when you can retire. Your 401(k) contributions and retirement savings also play a role. Also consider other sources of income you might have in retirement, such as a part-time job, annuity, or pension.

    Do I have to pay a certain amount?

    As of 2023, workers will pay 6.2% of their income into Social Security up to $160,200. Another 6.2% is contributed by employers. The self-employed are responsible for both portions, which is 12.4%.

    What is the amount I can expect?

    Social Security benefits are based on your lifetime earnings. There is a formula that averages your 35 highest-earning years, but it is quite complicated. If you already have 40 Social Security credits, you can estimate your retirement benefits online.

    The post 10 of the Best Books on Social Security appeared first on Due.

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    John Rampton

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  • 3 changes to Social Security benefits we could see in the future

    3 changes to Social Security benefits we could see in the future

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    Social Security has been a vital safety net for retirees, disabled individuals, and surviving family members for decades. However, the program is facing financial challenges that may necessitate changes in the coming years. Let’s explore three potential ways Social Security benefits could change in the future.

    Adjustments to the full retirement age

    One possible change could involve adjusting the full retirement age (FRA), which is the age at which individuals can receive full Social Security benefits. Currently set at 67 for those born in 1960 or later, some experts argue that increasing the full retirement age could help address the program’s funding shortfall. However, this change could mean longer working lives for future retirees and careful consideration of how it impacts individuals with physically demanding jobs or limited job opportunities later in life.

    Read: Does it matter if Social Security checks are delayed?

    This change would also result in a smaller benefit for the earliest filers at age 62, since the reductions are based on the amount of time between your filing age and the Full Retirement Age. If the FRA is increased to 68, for example, filing at age 62 would result in a benefit that is only 65% of your Full Retirement Age benefit amount.

    In addition, unless the maximum filing age is adjusted, Delayed Retirement Credits (DRCs) would also be limited under such a scenario. Currently when your FRA is 67 you have the opportunity to increase your benefit by 24% (8% per year for DRCs), but if the FRA is 68, the increase would only be 16% at maximum.

    Means-testing benefits

    Another potential change is means-testing Social Security benefits. Means-testing would involve adjusting benefit amounts based on an individual’s income or assets. Supporters argue that this would ensure benefits are targeted to those who need them most, potentially reducing the strain on the program’s finances. However, critics express concerns about the potential impact on middle-income earners who have paid into the system throughout their working lives and rely on Social Security as a significant part of their retirement income.

    Read: What happens to Social Security payments if no debt-ceiling deal is reached?

    An interesting concept I’ve recently seen bandied about involves a trade-off between Social Security benefits and Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) from retirement plans. Essentially an individual could forgo Social Security benefits (at least partially if not fully) in exchange for looser restrictions on RMDs – allowing for further deferral of taxation on retirement accounts.

    Benefit reductions

    In order to sustain the Social Security program, benefit reductions might be considered. This could involve various approaches such as adjusting the formula used to calculate benefits or implementing a scaling factor to reduce benefit amounts. While benefit reductions would aim to preserve the long-term viability of Social Security, they could pose challenges for retirees who rely heavily on those benefits to cover essential living expenses.

    Also see: This is what’s most likely to knock your retirement off course

    Most benefit reduction proposals in the pipeline are in concert with expanding the tax base, while at the same time limiting benefits to the upper echelons of earnings levels. In these cases the taxable wage base is either expanded or removed altogether, and the amounts above the current wage base are credited for benefits at a minuscule rate.

    It’s important to note that any changes to Social Security benefits would likely be accompanied by broader discussions and careful consideration from policy makers. The goal would be to strike a balance between ensuring the program’s financial stability and protecting the well-being of current and future retirees.

    As an individual planning for retirement, it’s crucial to stay informed about potential changes to Social Security benefits. Keeping track of legislative proposals and staying engaged in the conversation can help you adapt your retirement plans accordingly. Consider consulting with a financial adviser who specializes in retirement planning to assess the potential impact on your retirement income and explore other strategies to supplement your savings.

    Read: This lawmaker’s ‘big idea’ could fix most—but not all—of the Social Security crisis

    Social Security benefits may undergo changes in the future as policy makers grapple with the program’s financial challenges. Adjustments to the full retirement age, means-testing benefits, and benefit reductions are among the potential changes that could be considered. By staying informed and seeking professional guidance, you can navigate these potential changes and make informed decisions to secure your financial well-being during retirement.

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  • Brokerage firm lured politically right-leaning seniors into gold-coin scam, says U.S. regulator

    Brokerage firm lured politically right-leaning seniors into gold-coin scam, says U.S. regulator

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    A finance company boasting hundreds of apparently glowing online “customer reviews” and an A+ rating from the Better Business Bureau was this week civilly charged with cheating over 700 investors — many of them senior citizens — out of more than $30 million over 5 years.

    El Segundo, Calif.–based Red Rock Secured and its controlling chief executive, Sean Kelly, were accused by the Securities and Exchange Commission of playing on the retirement and tax fears of older investors to sell them gold and silver coins at vastly inflated prices to hold in self-directed IRAs.

    The markup on the coins “was almost always above 100 percent, and typically 120 percent or more,” the SEC said in its complaint.

    Between 2017 and last year, Red Rock pocketed more than $30 million of the $50 million investors paid for the coins, said the SEC, which also sued two former Red Rock executives. 

    Attorney Michael Schafler of the Los Angeles law firm Cohen Williams, representing both Red Rock and its CEO, said the company had “nothing to hide” and has been “completely cooperative” with the SEC investigation.

    “Red Rock has demonstrated that it is focused on compliance and providing clients with information necessary to make reasoned and informed decisions about purchasing precious metals,” he added. “Red Rock stands by that. It looks forward to the opportunity to defend itself against the government’s allegations in Court.”

    According to the SEC, Red Rock used an aggressive marketing campaign to target investors, especially those who were “conservative” or “right wing” politically and “over 59½ [years old].” 

    Sales personnel played on customers’ fears about government policy, inflation, the stock market and retirement to persuade investors to move IRA funds to Red Rock and invest in gold and silver bullion, according to the SEC. But then, using what the commission calls a “bait and switch,” they persuaded investors instead to buy niche “premium” gold coins with huge, but hidden, markups, which included an 8% sales commission.

    These so-called premium coins included an obscure silver Canadian coin for which Red Rock Secured controlled the entire market, allowing it to claim falsely that the “market value” of the coin was more than twice the value of its silver content, the SEC said.

    Red Rock Secured salespeople were told to pitch the idea of a “worry-free retirement” to potential clients, while warning them that in the stock market “you could wake up and half your retirement could be gone,” the SEC said.

    “The defendants used fear and lies to defraud investors out of millions of dollars from their hard-earned retirement savings,” said Antonia Apps, director of the SEC’s New York office.

    There was no hint of any of this in the company’s glowing online “customer reviews.” At Google, Red Rock had an average rating of 4.8 stars out of 5 from 136 self-described customers. At Trustpilot, it got an average rating of 4.8 stars out of 5 from 167 alleged customers. Trustpilot said the rating was “excellent.” At the Better Business Bureau, Red Rock got an average rating of 4.75 stars out of 5 across 96 reviews. At Consumer Affairs it got an average rating of 4.9 stars out of 5.

    The Better Business Bureau, contacted by MarketWatch, said it had added an alert to its site about the SEC probe into Red Rock. But, it added, “BBB ratings are not a guarantee of a business’s reliability or performance. BBB recommends that consumers consider a business’s BBB rating in addition to all other available information about the business.”

    The organization, which provides information about businesses through a rating system and handles consumer complaints, said its standard policy is to check that all reviews are from legitimate customers by contacting the company being reviewed. The BBB does not possess legal or policing powers. 

    Business-review platform Trustpilot also told MarketWatch it had added an alert to the Red Rock Secured review page.

    “Trustpilot is an open, independent review platform, meaning anyone who has had an experience with a business can leave a review — whether positive or negative — on the business’s Trustpilot profile page,” the company said in a statement “We are currently investigating Red Rock Secured to ensure that they are using our platform in line with our business guidelines, and should we find any evidence they are not, we will take the necessary steps to prevent it.”

    Alphabet unit
    GOOG,
    +1.28%

    GOOGL,
    +1.27%

    Google and Consumer Affairs could not be reached for comment.

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  • Should couples combine finances or keep separate accounts? One option leads to a happier marriage, study says.

    Should couples combine finances or keep separate accounts? One option leads to a happier marriage, study says.

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    Hello and welcome to Financial Face-off, a MarketWatch column where we help you weigh a financial decision. Our columnist will give her verdict. Tell us whether you think she’s right in the comments. And please share your suggestions for future Financial Face-off columns by emailing our columnist at lalbrecht@marketwatch.com. 

    Wedding season is upon us. Couples across the land are probably obsessing right now over wedding-day details like the seating chart and first-dance song. Unfortunately, many couples don’t pay nearly as much attention to their finances prior to marriage: Almost half (49%) don’t discuss how they’ll handle their money before they tie the knot, according to one survey. Only 41% tell their salaries to each other and just 36% say how much debt they have. 

    Not being open and honest about money can be a sign that you don’t trust your partner, a relationship killer if there ever was one. It can also mean unpleasant shocks — surprise, your soulmate has a 530 credit score — that stand in the way of those dreams you cooked up together when you were just two crazy kids in love. 

    One big decision couples face when they form a household: Should they merge their money into joint accounts, or keep separate accounts?

    Why it matters

    How couples manage their money isn’t just about making sure the water bill gets paid on time. Discussions about money can get fraught fast and sometimes become proxy battles for bigger issues in the relationship, like who wields more power, whose career is more important, and who does more domestic labor. Money and how we spend it is also an expression of our values. And if you’re not on the same page about your values, then why are you in this relationship?

    The verdict

    Share the wealth. Use a joint account.

    My reasons

    The No. 1 reason to share your money is that joint accounts appear to lead to a happier marriage. That lessens your chances of divorce, which can be financially devastating

    There’s been research suggesting that couples who share their accounts are happier than those who don’t, but the link was only correlational, so it wasn’t clear whether “joint accounts make you happy or if happiness makes you open a joint account,” said Scott Rick, a University of Michigan associate professor of marketing. He co-authored a new study that is the first to find a causal relationship between joint accounts and happier marriages. 

    Rick and his co-authors tracked 230 newlywed couples for two years. One group of couples had to open a joint account, one had to keep their accounts separate, and a third could do whatever they wanted. Researchers checked in with the couples every few months to ask them how their relationships were going. The couples who kept separate accounts or did whatever they wanted (most of whom kept separate accounts) saw the “typical decline” in relationship satisfaction, where they were happiest at the start of their marriage and satisfaction dropped after that honeymoon phase, Rick said. 

    But the joint couples stayed at the initial level of happiness, and if anything, their relationship satisfaction “seemed to increase a tiny, tiny bit over time,” he told MarketWatch. “By the end of two years, the joint couples looked a lot better than the ‘separate’ couples and the ‘do what you want’ couples,” Rick said. “Part of that is because the joint couples got on the same page in terms of money matters, it prompted some discussions. They started to see things more eye to eye.”

    “You want to get away from score-keeping, which couples can fall into: ‘I did this yesterday, so it’s your turn today,’” he added. “With separate accounts, you really get into score-keeping: ‘Well I paid this, and you paid that.’ You want to get away from ‘his’ money and ‘her’ money and you want to get into ‘our money.’”

    The couples with merged accounts “reported higher levels of communality within their marriage compared to people with separate accounts, or even those who partially merged their finances,” said study co-author Jenny Olson, an assistant professor of marketing at Indiana University’s Kelley School of Business. “They frequently told us they felt more like they were ‘in this together.’”

    If that’s not enough to convince you, consider the fact that there can be financial benefits to having joint accounts. Keeping all of your money at one bank could help you avoid minimum-account-balance fees, or make you eligible for a higher tier of customer rewards. “Combining assets provides greater ease of management for bills, for planning for the future, and for emergencies,” said Woody Derricks, a certified financial planner with Partnership Wealth Management in Towson, Md., who specializes in same-sex couples. If one person suddenly lands in the hospital, it’s harder for the other to act on their behalf financially if money is in separate accounts, Derricks said.

    There’s also the estate-planning aspect, said Kelley Long, a certified financial planner with Financial Bliss in Oro Valley, Ariz. “When you have joint accounts, if something happens to your spouse, your life is so much easier financially. Everything automatically is yours. You don’t have to walk around with a death certificate and go everywhere to claim everything. They always say joint accounts are the poor man’s estate plan.” 

    Another point in favor of joint accounts is that sharing money can help control spending. “You might restrain yourself a bit if you know you’re being watched, so it might tamp down some more extravagant spending,” Rick said.

    Is my verdict best for you?

    On the other hand, keeping separate accounts just works better for some couples. Long’s parents have been married 51 years and have never shared money, she said. They’re both financially responsible, but they have opposing money personalities. One loves to spend and the other hates it, and they also have a disparity in their incomes. Keeping separate accounts was “a loving decision” that let them “maintain maximum happiness in their marriage without having to change their personalities,” Long said. 

    It can also be helpful to keep separate accounts if you meet later in life and have long-established financial habits, or have children from a previous marriage, financial planners said. 

    Another reason for later-in-life couples to keep finances separate is to preserve a step-up in basis for highly appreciated assets, Derricks said. “If someone owns an investment for decades that has appreciated nicely, they may want to keep that in their own name so that if they’re first to pass away, their spouse or partner receives it with a full step-up in basis and can liquidate it after death and not have to pay capital-gains taxes,” he said.

    Couples can also try a happy medium between joint and separate, with one shared account for household expenses, and separate accounts for individual spending on things like expensive hobbies, Rick said. “Everyone needs a room of their own, so to speak, and space,” he said. “Joint is definitely better than pure separates, but if you have the time and energy, I would say attach some separates to the joint.”

    Tell us in the comments which option should win in this Financial Face-off. If you have ideas for future Financial Face-off columns, send me an email at lalbrecht@marketwatch.com.

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