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  • Don’t Miss: Eva Helene Pade’s Choreography of Color and Desire at Thaddaeus Ropac

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    “Eva Helene Pade: Søgelys” is at Thaddaeus Ropac in London through December 20, 2025. Courtesy Thaddaeus Ropac gallery, London · Paris · Salzburg · Milan · Seoul . Photo: Eva Herzog

    Hauntingly beautiful… revelatory: these are the adjectives that come to mind when staring at Eva Helene Pade’s paintings. Amorphous bodies move across the canvas like a choreography of spectral dancers, dynamically taking over the elegant architecture of Thaddaeus Ropac’s gallery in London. It’s a spectacle of erotic energy, where the power of attraction and seduction of the femme fatale finds its stage, manifesting through moody, dramatic atmospheres shaped by color sensations and instinctive emotional reactions.

    Following the Danish-born, Paris-based artist’s institutional debut at ARKEN Museum of Contemporary Art in Denmark earlier this year and multiple new auction records set at auction (the latest at Sotheby’s Hong Kong in 2024, when A Story to Be Told #14 (2021) sold for $123,417) the exhibition “Søgelys” (on view through December 20, 2025) brings together a new group of paintings in which Eva Helene Pade continues to explore the violent and seductive forces that exist between bodies in space. The body is examined here as both a medium and a filter, a porous psychical, cognitive and emotional membrane through which we negotiate our interactions and relationships with others. Painting becomes a vehicle for a continuous exercise of female embodiment and disembodiment, creating both a dance and a tension that unfolds within the canvas and the surrounding space. “Color is crucial for me; it’s emotional and psychological,” she tells Observer. “The palette often defines the atmosphere of a work before the figures even appear.”

    An artist stands in her studio before a large, glowing painting of abstracted nude forms, surrounded by paint tubes and a messy, color-covered worktable.An artist stands in her studio before a large, glowing painting of abstracted nude forms, surrounded by paint tubes and a messy, color-covered worktable.
    Eva Helene Pade. Courtesy of Thaddeus Ropac.

    Pade turns the canvas into a living stage where color and movement try to spontaneously channel and translate the prelinguistic expressions of the human psyche. Her process is deeply intuitive: the figures emerge from the act of painting itself, beginning with an abstract field and moving through a fluid process of identification and alienation. “I start drawing figures into it. At first, they appear as little blobs, and gradually I begin carving them out until the forms start taking shape, only to change again and become something else entirely,” she says. Pade also tunes herself to rhythm, listening to classical music to enter an inner world of narratives and transforming its prelinguistic storytelling into a tool to address universal questions about the human condition.

    “I work very instinctively, letting intuition lead. Sometimes it fails; sometimes it surprises me. I rely on that tension,” she says, acknowledging how her influences have shifted over time, though certain painters have always remained with her. The psychological charge of her work recalls the emotional and psychological layering of artists such as Edvard Munch, Amber Wellmann, Nicolas de Staël, Cecily Brown, Marlene Dumas and Miriam Cahn, as well as older masters like Rodin and Rubens, who reveal how much emotion can be conveyed through a gesture or pose.

    Still, despite this intuitive channeling through pigment and color, Pade’s works are never autobiographical portraits; they’re personal but not literal. “I don’t paint people from my life, nor do I use photographic references. They’re intuitive, almost dreamlike—images that emerge and shift as I work,” she explains.

    Like monsters or ghosts reemerging from the subconscious, these spectral presences probe the porous diaphragm between the inner and outer world, a boundary that painting can reveal. “I’ve always been drawn to painting. I began drawing as a means to process both external reality and my inner world,” Pade says. She never had strict academic training, so she taught herself anatomy, proportion and form, which may be why her figures appear slightly off, existing within her own visual logic. “That wonkiness has become my language.”

    A blurred figure walks through a gallery filled with large, suspended paintings depicting densely packed, glowing nude figures in vivid yellows, reds and blues.A blurred figure walks through a gallery filled with large, suspended paintings depicting densely packed, glowing nude figures in vivid yellows, reds and blues.
    In her debut show with the gallery, Pade’s monumental and small-scale canvases are suspended on floor-to-ceiling metal posts, set away from the walls to create dynamic spatial configurations. Courtesy Thaddaeus Ropac gallery, London · Paris · Salzburg · Milan · Seoul . Photo: Eva Herzog

    The canvas becomes the stage where the “shadow,” the “removed,” is confronted in a distinctly Freudian and Jungian sense. “I keep molding the surface, working into the face, pulling new elements out of the shadows that I hadn’t noticed before,” Pade confirms. “A dark color might form a symbol or pattern, which I then push back into the composition.” It’s a long, layered process that involves as much waiting and letting the paint dry as it does discovery and transformation.

    Still, it’s immediately apparent upon entering the show that this new body of work engages with femininity, sensuality and the position of the female body in space. Painting is for Pade a means of exploring the relationship between self and surroundings, how this dynamic subtly defines and redefines identity between body and soul, between the one and the many. Her figures, often expressionless and featureless, convey emotion through gesture and contortion, resonating with a universality that transcends any autobiographical reading.

    What she paints is a potentially cacophonous orchestra of sensations and voices, a confrontation with the chaos of humanity in which the self is continually dissolved and rediscovered. Pade began painting crowds during lockdown, reflecting the strange collective isolation of that time. “They’re images of people together, but not necessarily about any specific moment. They’re more like metaphors of time itself.”

    There is always a narrative in her paintings, but it remains open-ended. It’s the drama of human existence in dialogue with the external world that Pade paints. “I don’t want to trap the viewer in a single message. It’s more like a free exploration on the canvas: an emotional and physical response that builds its own logic,” she says.

    A dense cluster of nude figures rendered in fiery reds, oranges and deep blues gathers amid sharp, radiant beams of light.A dense cluster of nude figures rendered in fiery reds, oranges and deep blues gathers amid sharp, radiant beams of light.
    Eva Helene Pade, Rød nat (Red night), 2025. © Eva Helene Pade. Photo: Pierre Tanguy. Courtesy Thaddaeus Ropac gallery, London · Paris · Salzburg · Milan · Seoul

    Once the paintings are presented outside of the studio, they gain new context from the space and from the people who encounter them. In London, Pade wanted to choreograph her own visual rhythm, thinking about how the paintings could occupy the space almost like stage sets. “The exhibition space was so unconventional that I had to respond directly to its quirks—the staircase, the unusual angles—so I began playing with composition almost like orchestration,” she explains. “It all made sense because the project was inspired by a ballet, so I leaned into that theatricality, treating the canvases like backdrops.”

    Pade doesn’t have a background in theater but she clearly thinks compositionally, almost like a stage director. The paintings are intentionally life-sized so the figures stand in direct relation to the viewer’s body as they float and dance in these hazy atmospheres, much like in a nightclub or a theater. “I want the experience to be physical, to break the passive distance between viewer and painting.”

    Although the works are two-dimensional, they feel animated by their dense atmospheres, where bodies flicker between visibility and occlusion, partially veiled by soft billows of smoke or lit from within by a flaming glow or radiant beams of light. Lifting the paintings off the wall and letting them float through the space isn’t a gimmick; it heightens this emotional rhythm. “For these crowd scenes, it made sense. The figures seem to hover or drift in space, and the installation amplifies that effect,” she notes.

    Small figurative paintings mounted on tall metal poles line a grand white foyer with a sweeping staircase and black-and-white tiled floors.Small figurative paintings mounted on tall metal poles line a grand white foyer with a sweeping staircase and black-and-white tiled floors.
    For Pade, the human body is part of a primal, instinctive language, like a brushstroke, a gesture or a dance. Courtesy Thaddaeus Ropac gallery, London · Paris · Salzburg · Milan · Seoul . Photo: Eva Herzog

    While staging the paintings outside her studio, she realized that by not hanging them flat on the wall the viewer could see their backs—the wooden stretchers, sketches and raw marks behind the surface. They became living metaphors for the relationship between inner world and external space. “I liked that transparency, that glimpse into process. Light passed through them in interesting ways, giving them a smoldering depth,” she acknowledges. “When people walked around, the paintings seemed to move with them. It became immersive. You could almost walk into the composition.”

    In the space, the unified spectral presences of Pade’s choreography found their living essence again, becoming interlocutors with the viewers. And if painting is, first of all, an open conversation, an expansive narrative field where everyone can identify and project their own meanings, the universal power of connection offered by Eva Helene Pade’s painterly storytelling and its endless variations is proof of how her art can still evolve. Even the “failed” works contribute to her evolution, as painting remains for her both a necessity and an urgency, a means to confront and process the multifaceted reality of the world. “You learn technique, rhythm and restraint from them.”

    The potentially continuous evolution of the canvases on view reveals Pade’s enduring excitement for painting. “I don’t plan big conceptual changes. It evolves organically with each new piece,” she reflects. “Some paintings fail; I destroy or hide them if they don’t resonate. I think it’s crucial to be self-critical. A work that doesn’t move me won’t move anyone else.”

    A large, suspended painting of tightly clustered nude figures glowing in warm orange light hangs at the center of an arched white gallery corridor with wood floors and ornate railings.A large, suspended painting of tightly clustered nude figures glowing in warm orange light hangs at the center of an arched white gallery corridor with wood floors and ornate railings.
    Installed in the round, fragments of Pade’s images overlap so that characters appear to flit from one scene to another, vanishing and then recurring as in dreams. Courtesy Thaddaeus Ropac gallery, London · Paris · Salzburg · Milan · Seoul . Photo: Eva Herzog

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    Don’t Miss: Eva Helene Pade’s Choreography of Color and Desire at Thaddaeus Ropac

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    Elisa Carollo

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  • Between Intimacy and Immensity: The Inscrutable Vija Celmins

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    Vija Celmins, Untitled (Big Sea #2), 1969. Graphite on acrylic ground on paper, 85.1 x 111.8 cm. Private Collection © Vija Celmins, Courtesy Matthew Marks Gallery

    Over her 60-year career, Vija Celmins has only made a total of 220 paintings, drawings and prints, and for good reason. Much of her work seems impossible because her choices of images—oceans, deserts, galaxies—are vast and impenetrable. She does not paint people. Her preference, she says, is “No composition. No gestures. No artificial color. No distortion. No ego.” And yet, she is present in all of these images, meticulous and animated. There is no mistaking her work.

    She also creates sculptures depicting objects like rocks, slate blackboards, a large pencil that sprawls out on the floor and a rope ladder that coils to the ceiling. Each object is realistic, not recognizable as made-sculpture. Similarly, her many paintings don’t read like paintings, but they clearly aren’t photographs either, as one sees in the close-up oil-on-canvas of an antique blue book she found in Japan and painted using fourteen different colors. Her images from the Hubble Space Telescope have no two stars painted the same. She makes paintings of eroded seashells, snow falling, a burning plane, the close-up surface of a vase and the surface of the moon.

    A graphite drawing showing a sky filled with layered, voluminous clouds rendered in detailed tones of gray.A graphite drawing showing a sky filled with layered, voluminous clouds rendered in detailed tones of gray.
    Vija Celmins, Clouds, 1968. Graphite on paper, 34.9 x 47 cm. Collection Ayea + Mikey Sohn, Los Angeles © Vija Celmins, Courtesy Matthew Marks Gallery, Photo: McKee Gallery, New York

    There are no boundaries to her night sky, desert and ocean paintings that convey the vastness of these places too big to capture. The paintings are tactile, immense yet fragile, with only the edge of the canvas as a stopping point, chopping off the space in mid-air. Sometimes the image is unrecognizable. Without her titles, we would be hard-pressed to see the surface of a plate or the desert floor. Vase, from 2017-18, could be the worn leather of an old satchel, the hide of an elephant, or a leather-bound 19th-century book. Without the titles, we are dropped into the canvas, close-in, examining, seeking recognition. That microscopic view is the mystery and power. Celmins also has the extraordinary technical ability to take a 3D object and flatten it onto a 2D surface. Once you know what it is, there is shock. That is the surface of a shell!

    About her Knife and Dish, 1964, she wrote, “No composition… No gestures (deadpan painting) No artificial color No distortion No collage No signs or effort showing No ego NO BIG PAINTING—found this hard to do.” There it is again—No ego. This is hard to do, forgetting the self that is painting the knife and dish, without any personal association to eating with a knife from a dish. The power of Celmins’ works is not that they look so realistic, which they most certainly do, but that the still life is alive with its own self-contained personality. Knife and Dish measures only 16 x 18 inches. Unassuming and beautiful, it is a long consideration.

    Her work defies the imagination. How is this possible? The graphite Big Sea, 1969, is an endless ocean, churning, the water wrinkled with waves, seemingly suspended in time. When she painted this, was she in a trance? Celmins said about the painting: “This work is a record of examined + intense looking, something internal from me to it, and something said back to me. A relationship, an opening of some innocence and a disappearance of time in its making. In the work I like best, these qualities remain.” These works are on a grand scale, rendered in a contained area while still feeling vast, without boundary. And she didn’t just do one ocean painting; she did five. How could these have been painted by hand? Is this the ocean or sand dunes from above after a sandstorm? Celmins said she was documenting the surface of the ocean.

    An artwork showing a dark, grainy field of space filled with scattered white dots resembling countless distant stars.An artwork showing a dark, grainy field of space filled with scattered white dots resembling countless distant stars.
    Vija Celmins, Night Sky #16, 2000-2001. Oil on linen on mounted wood, 78.7 x 96.5 cm. Private Collection, © Vija Celmins, Courtesy Matthew Marks Gallery, Photo: Katherine Du Tiel

    Pencil, oil on canvas with graphite, 1966, feels alive yet perfectly symmetrical and inert. Shadows lift the octagonal end and pointed tip as if it were at the moment of lift-off, rocketing out of the frame. Night Sky #16 used 20 layers of paint. Each layer was sanded off in between, from black mixed with burnt umber, ultramarine blue, or bits of white. Her early Night Skies were graphite changing to charcoal. Circles of different sizes are the stars, filled with liquid rubber and sanded. About Star Field III, 1982-83, she said, “Star fields dense with lead from pencils. Just that. Paper and pencil. A relationship. A dance, remain just paper + lead.” The more you stare at the painting, the more it moves, receding and advancing.

    There are her desert floors with shards of bleached rock strewn helter-skelter. The parched landscape under dry, blanching sun gives off, yet again, a boundaryless space. But unlike the ocean paintings, these are lifeless and still. She said the desert “lies somewhere between distance and intimacy… a different kind of space…” Also her snow paintings—white-outs, obscure, also impossible, a chaos of white darkness just as expansive as her deserts and star-blasted night skies. Celmins is a master of timeless space.

    Born in Riga, Latvia, in 1938, Celmins became a refugee in 1944. Four years later, she and her family emigrated to the United States, to Indianapolis, where she went to high school and later attended the John Herron Art Institute. She went on to study art at UCLA on scholarship. Today, she lives and works in New York City and Sag Harbor, Long Island.

    An oil painting of a double-headed desk lamp against a plain gray background, both lamps facing forward.An oil painting of a double-headed desk lamp against a plain gray background, both lamps facing forward.
    Vija Celmins, Lamp #1, 1964. Oil on canvas, 62.2 x 88.9 cm. © Vija Celmins, Courtesy Matthew Marks Gallery, Photo: Aaron Wax, Courtesy Matthew Marks Gallery

    A large solo exhibition, “Vija Celmins,” is currently on view at the Fondation Beyeler in Basel, curated by Theodora Vischer, chief curator of the museum, and writer and curator James Lingwood. Ninety paintings, drawings, sculptures and prints showcase the six decades of her work from the 1960s to the present. The 208-page illustrated catalogue accompanying the exhibit is superb. It is poetic and strikingly elegant. There are essays, poems and thoughts by writers and artists: Teju Cole, Rachel Cusk, Julian Bell, Marlene Dumas and others. It is a rare catalogue and refreshing that it can be read for its literary writing. The catalogue was edited by Theodora Vischer and James Lingwood for the Fondation Beyeler and designed by Teo Schifferli, published by Hatje Cantz Verlag, Berlin.

    Celmins’s work is a meditation on the natural world. The long looking and deep consideration are in all the paintings. Web, from 1992, is like the grids that describe spacetime in physics books. It could also be fractals, an infinite, never-ending spiral, an event horizon on the edge of a black hole—the perilous journey towards the black center of nothingness. The painting is an inversion of energy. She describes her spider web paintings as “a drawing about small shifts of mass.”

    In the catalogue, artist Glenn Ligon said this about the mezzotint, Galaxy, 1985. “The image is made up of tiny dots, applied by hand to a copper or zinc plate with a rocker (a metal tool with small teeth)… This produces, once the plate is inked, a solid black. Scraping away at this blackness with a burnisher uncovers bare metal. Those are the stars.” One can only imagine the tender and intense concentration that the print demanded. Celmins said, “The mezzotint took a long, long time.”

    Celmins has also said that her work isn’t political or expressive of anything outside itself. She inspects the subject through “intuition… + rigor… The work remains ‘in the dark’ so to speak, for a long time, until my efforts peter out or become too repetitive, or I can no longer sustain them, or the work no longer seems to need me.”

    Vija Celmins” runs through September 21, 2025, at Fondation Beyeler in Basel, Switzerland.

    A graphite drawing of a desert floor covered densely with small stones and scattered fragments stretching edge to edge.A graphite drawing of a desert floor covered densely with small stones and scattered fragments stretching edge to edge.
    Vija Celmins, Untitled (Regular Desert), 1973. Graphite on acrylic ground on paper, 30.5 x 38.1 cm. Private Collection © Vija Celmins, Courtesy Matthew Marks Gallery, Photo: Kent Pell

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    Between Intimacy and Immensity: The Inscrutable Vija Celmins

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    Dian Parker

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