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Tag: dog senior care

  • How to help a newly adopted senior dog adjust | Animal Wellness Magazine

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    Discover ways to help your senior dog adjust to his new home with tips on building trust, easing anxiety, creating routines, and supporting age-related needs.

    Adopting an older dog is very rewarding. Whether his soulful eyes or gentle energy drew you in, you’re giving him the chance to live out his life surrounded by love. After you bring him home, the next step is to adapt him to his new circumstances. Let’s explore how to help a newly adopted senior dog adjust and what this transition involves. You’ll also learn how to support him as he builds trust and establishes new routines.

    Help your senior dog settle in

    In rescue and training circles, we often talk about the “power of threes,” the first three days, three weeks, and three months after adoption. It gives you a general idea of how long it can take for a dog to settle in and feel like part of the family.

    1. First three days: Your new dog might be in shell shock. He’s taking in all the new smells, sounds, people, and routines. Don’t be surprised if he seems reserved, anxious, or even shut down. This is normal.
    2. Three weeks in: You’ll likely see your older dog start to relax a bit. He might follow you around more, engage with toys, or show curiosity about his environment. “Testing the waters” just means he feels safer expressing himself — and that’s a good thing.
    3. At three months: This is when you and your dog truly start to bond. Your senior dog will begin to understand the household routine and feel like part of the family. You’re forming habits, building trust, and learning more about each other every day. 

    Establish a potty routine from day one  

    Even senior dogs may need help with potty training in a new environment. It’s best to assume your new friend isn’t housetrained in your home. Stress, new routines, and unfamiliar surfaces can all lead to accidents. Schedule a meet-and-greet with your veterinarian early to check your dog’s overall health. If accidents continue, your vet can rule out underlying issues. 

    • Take your dog out often, especially after eating, napping, or playing.
    • Go with him and keep him on a leash so you can watch and guide him if needed.
    • If he goes in the right spot, praise him softly and give him a small treat.

    Hint: If he has an accident in the house, just clean it up and head back outside. No scolding.

    When you stick to a consistent routine, your dog learns what to expect. Potty training isn’t just about where to go; it’s part of helping him adjust to his new home.

    Expect some separation anxiety from your senior dog

    It’s common for newly adopted senior dogs to become anxious when left alone. They’ve been through a lot of change and loss, and it’s natural for them to feel unsure when their new person disappears.

    • If your dog follows you constantly, whines when you leave, or panics when alone, it’s time to slowly help him acclimate. Start by stepping out for just a few seconds, then come right back in. Build from there. Practice short absences. Pair your leaving with a high-value chew or stuffed food toy. Don’t sneak out, just calmly go and return, over and over.
    • You can use a pet cam or baby monitor to check on your senior dog while you’re away. That way, you can keep him safe and gradually build up time apart without causing panic.
    • If your dog isn’t ready to be left alone for long, adjust your schedule as much as you can to accommodate his needs. You want to avoid pushing your dog past his threshold while you work on building his comfort and confidence.

    Hint: Ask family or friends to help or line up a dogsitter.

    This kind of training takes time, but with consistency and patience, your senior dog can learn that good things happen when you leave — and most importantly, that you always come back.

    Modify your dog’s training for his age and ability

    Keep in mind that your senior dog may have hearing or vision loss, and mobility issues. If he can’t hear well, use clear hand signals or gentle touch cues to teach him what you need. For vision loss, keep the environment consistent and use voice cues or movement to help guide him. Train in the same spot every session to help him understand what to expect.

    If your senior dog struggles with mobility, avoid asking him to sit or lie on hard surfaces. Reinforce what’s comfortable, such as standing calmly, making eye contact, or touching your hand when you reach out. Place non-slip runners and soft beds around your home to help your senior dog feel more comfortable.

    Hint: Older dogs can learn. You just need to tweak things to fit their abilities.

    Keep training sessions short. One to three minutes is plenty in the beginning. Use tiny treats or part of their daily food as rewards and always end on a win.

    Keep your older dog’s mind engaged 

    Even if your senior dog isn’t learning new cues, he will still benefit from gentle enrichment. Short, simple activities can help reduce restlessness, boost confidence, and bring a little spark to his day.

    • Use snuffle mats, rolled towels, or a flexible silicone muffin tin for food games.
    • Play a slow game of “find it” with treats or favorite toys hidden around the room.
    • Offer soft chews or stuffed toys he can work on without frustration.
    • Take short walks in quiet areas, letting your dog sniff and explore at his own pace. If that’s too much, use a stroller so he can ride comfortably and still enjoy the experience.

    You don’t need loud or high-energy activities — just offer simple ways for your dog to think, sniff, and stay engaged. 

    Take it slow and keep it simple 

    It takes time for a senior dog to adjust to his new home, and to learn new things. Some days might feel slow or uncertain. That’s okay. Your dog is still figuring things out, and so are you.

    Stick to simple routines. Give your dog space when he needs it and connect when he’s ready. Your training sessions might not look perfect — and that’s okay. What matters is helping your older dog feel safe, settled, and part of the family.

    Hint: Celebrate the small things. A soft glance. A quiet tail wag. His willingness to lie near you instead of across the room. That’s how trust builds.

    Now turn off your computer, put your phone down, and go spend some time with your senior dog. A short walk. A gentle brushing session. A shared snack on the couch. Any time you spend with your new friend means everything to him.

    Your new senior dog: start with trust, not training

    Your older dog may have gone through big changes recently: losing a home, losing a person, moving between shelters or fosters. Even if he came from a loving situation, everything around him is unfamiliar now. Give him time. Let him move at his own pace.

    Instead of jumping into training routines right away, give your senior dog time to decompress and get comfortable. Keep things low-key. Sit on the floor with him. Speak softly. Hand-feed him a few meals to help build his trust. The goal when helping a newly adopted senior dog adjust isn’t obedience — it’s connection.

    Helping an older dog with cognitive changes

    Some older dogs begin to show signs of cognitive decline. You might notice confusion, pacing, restlessness, or changes in how your dog responds to daily routines. He may seem unsettled at night, wander more, or forget things he used to know.

    • Keep your dog’s days predictable. 
    • Feed meals at the same time. 
    • Use the same walking routes. 
    • Avoid major schedule changes whenever possible.  
    • Stick to quiet, familiar spaces and avoid overstimulating environments.

    If your older dog seems lost or unsure, speak calmly and guide him gently. Give him time to process what’s happening around him. He may need more breaks, more sleep, and more reassurance.

    Also keep in mind that older dogs with cognitive decline may not need to learn anything new. They just need to feel safe, at ease, and part of everyday life.


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    Tonya Wilhelm is a dog training and cat care specialist who has traveled the US promoting positive ways of preventing and managing behavior issues with a holistic approach. Named one of the top ten dog trainers in the US, she has helped thousands build happy relationships with their dogs with humane, positive training methods. She wrote Proactive Puppy Care, and other books. Tonya offers group and private dog training classes, provides training and behavior services via phone and online, and does workshops at pet expos (raisingyourpetsnaturally.com).

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    Tonya Wilhelm

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  • Palliative care for senior dogs and cats | Animal Wellness Magazine

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    Here’s how palliative care for senior dogs and cats can improve quality of life, manage pain, and offer compassionate support for aging animals and their families.

    When our beloved dogs and cats age and develop serious health problems, we want to do everything we can. Our goal is to keep them with us as long as possible. Sometimes this involves invasive and expensive tests and treatments — but surely that’s better than euthanasia? 

    In fact, the human healthcare field offers another option — palliative care. Veterinarians and other animal care professionals can apply the guiding principles of human palliative care to animals. Read on to learn how palliative care for senior dogs and cats can benefit your aging companion – and yourself. 

    Translating palliative care to companion animals 

    In human medicine, palliative care is a distinct but often underutilized specialty service. People often confuse it with hospice and believe it means giving up treatment. However, this is not the case. 

    “Quality of life is at the heart of palliative care,” says Tara Liberman, DO, Associate Chief of Geriatric and Palliative Care Medicine at Northwell Health in New York State (see sidebar on page xx). “It doesn’t mean stopping treatment but looking at the various options.” 

    Until recently, palliative care hasn’t been used much for companion animals, as highlighted in the following quote from a 2023 case study in Frontiers in Veterinary Science: 

    “As animals benefit from improved chronic disease care, more pet parents and veterinarians face issues of late life and terminal care. Management of life-limiting diseases commonly considers the timing of euthanasia, often overlooking the role of supportive palliative care. Necessary communications between vet and pet parents are rarely emphasized.”

    How palliative care for dogs and cats is evolving 

    “Palliative care for pets is an emerging field,” says Stepanie Coco, a licensed master social worker. For nine years, she helped human patients receiving hospice and palliative care. She now provides that support at Cornell University Hospital for Animals (CUHA), assisting animal parents, their four-legged companions, and their veterinary teams.

    Stephanie adds that, so far, palliative care for animals is more of “a concept or approach than a specialty service”. It helps animal parents and vets discuss care goals, treatment options, symptom management, and what quality of life means for each dog or cat. 

    A few palliative care treatment options 

    1. Veterinarian Dr. Jordynn Boesch, a pain medicine specialist at CUHA, says treatment options may include NSAIDs, steroid injections, or nerve blocks.
    2. “We use acupuncture as a palliative care measure for many disorders such as arthritic pain, and to help with digestive issues like poor appetite or constipation,” says veterinarian Dr. Rosilyn Isaac, who works at a cat-only integrative hospital in Media, Pennsylvania. 
    3. Dr. Isaac also uses cold laser therapy, which targets low-level light at specific areas of the body. “We use it to reduce inflammation and for pain management,” she says. “We may use it alone or in combination with acupuncture.”

    Tara suggests veterinarians and animal care providers adopt a palliative approach for older pets with chronic or terminal conditions. This is especially important in areas without trained palliative care specialists — human or veterinary.

    If your older animal has a serious or chronic condition, talk to your veterinarian about palliative care. Together, you can create a plan focused on quality of life and comfort instead of more testing or premature euthanasia. Tara agrees: “Have a conversation with your practitioner about what matters most in terms of [your dog or cat’s] quality of life.”

    Palliative care — quality of life and pain management are key

    1. Quality of life includes a dog or cat’s ability to eat, sleep, and move normally. Palliative care aims to support these basic functions with comfort. Animal parents can also provide pleasure through activities their dogs and cats enjoy. “It can be as simple as watching the squirrels play outside,” Stephanie says.

    At Cornell, Stephanie’s team uses assessment tools from websites such as Lap of Love and Caring Pathways to help pet owners evaluate their animals’ quality of life. 

    1. Pain management is another big part of palliative care, but we may not always recognize pain in our dogs and cats.

    “Some symptoms that could point to pain in pets are a change in appetite, a change in activity levels, or an inability to perform normal daily activities,” says Dr. Jordynn Boesch.

    “Palliative care for pets is an emerging field.”

    “We use acupuncture as a palliative care measure for many disorders such as arthritic pain….”


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    Sherrie Dulworth

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