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Tag: coastal flooding

  • Study finds flooding could impact 27,000 Long Island businesses | Long Island Business News

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    THE BLUEPRINT:

    • finds 27,000 businesses face flood risk.

    • Nearly 7,000 firms in high or extreme risk zones employ 58,000 people.

    • Businesses in extreme, high or moderate risk zones total over $42 billion in sales.

    • urges action to reduce economic losses from severe .

    Severe flooding could threaten the economic stability of more than 27,000 Long Island businesses, which fall into moderate to extreme risk categories, according to a new analysis.

    Commissioned by the (LIRPC), the study was updated to include business communities along the North Shore and inland waterways such as the Nissequogue River.

    The study, which ranked businesses from negligible to extreme risk, found nearly 7,000 companies employing more than 58,000 people in the high or extreme risk categories, representing more than $11 billion in annual sales.

    Conducted by LIRO GIS, the study also pinpoints the communities in each county likely to be hardest hit.

    “As we have seen several times in just the last 18 months alone, the devastation from severe flooding brought about by heavy rainfall presents the potential for severe economic loss along our coastal communities,” John Cameron, LIRPC chair, said in a news release about the study.

    “This important study provides a tool for all levels of government and the private sector to develop strategies to minimize the risk,” Cameron added.

    In , a total of 17,395 businesses were at risk. These businesses total nearly $27.5 billion in annual sales and employ 131,522 people, according to the study. Freeport, Valley Stream, Oceanside, Wantagh, Lynbrook, Inwood, Long Beach, Bellmore, Merrick and Cedarhurst were identified as the 10 communities, based on annual sales volume, that would be most impacted.

    In , a total of 9,843 businesses were at risk. These businesses total more than $15.1 billion in sales, and employ 74,800 people, according to the study. Bay Shore, Lindenhurst, Oakdale, Babylon, West Islip, Port Jefferson, Halesite, West Babylon, Islip and East Quogue were identified as the 10 communities were identified as the 10 communities that would be most affected.

    The study, which includes an interactive map to break out the impact on individual communities, is available here.


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    Adina Genn

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  • Coastal storm warning: NYC under state of emergency with heavy rain, wind and shore flooding expected | amNewYork

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    NYC umbrellas will be put to the test by an approaching storm.

    File photo/Dean Moses

    Gov. Kathy Hochul declared a state of emergency on Sunday for the city’s five boroughs, as a major coastal storm moves into the region.

    The nor’easter is expected to bring isolated coastal flooding along the shore as well as heavy rain — between 1.5 and 3 inches are possible — and wind gusts exceeding 40 mph at times through Monday afternoon.

    The state of emergency enables New York’s government to mobilize and respond quickly to any storm-related emergencies, from power outages to flooding and other related issues. Utility companies such as Con Edison have already dispatched more than 1,600 additional workers across New York City, the Mid-Hudson Valley and Long Island, according to Hochul. 

    Meanwhile, the city is under several storm-related weather advisories and warnings from the National Weather Service, which underscore the expected storm severity.

    A wind advisory is in effect for New York City through 6 p.m. Monday. Sustained winds are expected to reach 20 to 25 mph, with gusts of up to 45 mph at times. Combined with saturated ground from the expected rainfall, the conditions are prime for falling trees and power lines, especially in areas of the city served by overhead wires.

    Visit coned.com or call 800-75-CONED to report any outages or check on the repair status.

    The anticipated wind forecast also led the MTA to ban all empty tractor-trailers from its bridges from 3 p.m. on Sunday until the storm clears. 

    Coastal areas of Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Island are also under a coastal flood warning until 6 p.m. Monday. Low-lying areas near the shoreline may see inundation of between 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 feet during high tide cycles. The flooding will likely strike basements, parking lots and front lawns.

    Monday’s Columbus Day Parade along 5th Avenue in Midtown was cancelled due to the storm. Because Monday is a legal holiday in New York for Columbus Day, Italian Heritage Day and Indigenous Peoples Day, alternate-side parking rules are suspended.

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    Robert Pozarycki

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  • King tides & new storm tracking toward NC mean flooding, rain. Latest forecast

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    This map shows rainfall totals up to 4-6 inches for Hatteras from Saturday, Oct. 11 through Sunday, Oct. 12. Rainfall totals could be that high, but it’s too early to tell as of Wednesday, Oct. 8, said David Glenn, a National Weather Service meteorologist in Morehead City.

    This map shows rainfall totals up to 4-6 inches for Hatteras from Saturday, Oct. 11 through Sunday, Oct. 12. Rainfall totals could be that high, but it’s too early to tell as of Wednesday, Oct. 8, said David Glenn, a National Weather Service meteorologist in Morehead City.

    National Weather Service

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    • Coastal low will approach North Carolina this weekend, bringing rain and strong winds.
    • Forecasters warn 2–4 inches of rain on Outer Banks this weekend, but total amounts depend on the storm’s track.
    • Coastal flood advisories and watches are in effect this week.

    A coastal low system expected to develop in coming days could bring rain, winds and dangerous coastal conditions to North Carolina.

    Forecasters are uncertain about the intensity of specific impacts as of Wednesday, Oct. 8, because the system is a few days out from reaching North Carolina, David Glenn, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Morehead City, told The News & Observer in a phone call.

    However, the coast could get strong winds up to 40 mph with higher gusts on Saturday, Oct. 11 and Sunday, Oct. 12, and possibly into Monday, Oct. 13, Glenn said.

    Rainfall totals for the coast — as well as central North Carolina — depend on the track of the low. If it stays farther offshore, rainfall amounts will be lower.

    Along the Outer Banks, including Dare County, Hatteras Island and Ocracoke Island, the current forecast calls for 2-4 inches of rain from Friday night, Oct. 10, through Sunday, Glenn said.

    Rainfall totals could be higher. But as of Wednesday, it’s too early to predict how much precipitation the coast could get from the coastal low, Glenn said.

    Coastal flood advisories, watch already in place

    The National Weather Service Forecast Office in Newport/Morehead City is already issuing warnings of hazardous weather for the North Carolina coast.

    • A coastal flood advisory is in place from 7 a.m. Thursday, Oct. 9 until 8 a.m. Monday for parts of the northern Outer Banks, Carteret County, coastal Onslow County, Beaufort County, Pamlico County and southern Craven County.
    • A coastal flood watch is in place from Thursday morning until Monday morning. Up to 2-4 feet of inundation above ground level is expected along beaches, the Pamlico Sound and adjacent tidal creeks, and Ocracoke Island.

    What is a king tide?

    A king tide, which refers to higher-than-normal astronomical tides, is affecting the coast through at least Sunday. In addition to that, strong northeasterly winds are expected in coming days. Together, these conditions are expected to create coastal flooding and large surf.

    Beachgoers should also be wary of moderate to high risks of rip currents this week and into the weekend, Glenn said.

    Impacts for central NC and the Triangle

    As of Wednesday, there was still uncertainty about how much rain central North Carolina could get from the coastal system.

    If the center hugs the coast or touches the Outer Banks, heavier rain and gustier winds would affect areas further inland, said Laura Helock, a meteorologist at the National Weather Service Forecast Office in Raleigh. But if the center of the system remains farther offshore, the impacts would be less severe.

    Rainfall and winds will be more significant toward the eastern parts of the state. But rainfall totals in central North Carolina could be between 0.5 inches and 1 inch from Saturday afternoon through Monday morning.

    That makes flooding unlikely, but possible in areas that receive locally higher amounts of precipitation.

    Most of the rain in central North Carolina should be along and east of U.S. 1, Helock said.

    Parts of central North Carolina could get gusty winds up to 30 mph Saturday and Sunday. In the Triangle, those winds would be slightly weaker.

    Ask the North Carolina Service Journalism Team

    Questions about life in North Carolina? Or have a tip or story idea you’d like to share? The service journalism teams at The News & Observer and The Charlotte Observer want to hear from you.

    You can submit your question by filling out this form.

    Related Stories from Raleigh News & Observer

    Renee Umsted

    The News & Observer

    Renee Umsted is a service journalism reporter for The News & Observer. She has a degree in journalism from the Bob Schieffer College of Communication at TCU.

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    Renee Umsted

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  • Live Weather Updates, August 21: Hurricane Erin’s Waves Flood The Outer Banks As The Storm’s Reach Stretches Up The East Coast

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    Simply put, today is the day that Hurricane Erin will do its worst along the U.S. East Coast. We’re already see the large waves and coastal flooding in North Carolina’s Outer Banks, but this large storm’s trek northeast is also pushing ocean swells high onto beaches along New York’s Fire Island and the Jersey Shore.

    Our meteorologists have a full rundown of where Erin is now, where it’s headed today and when you can expect the peak of today’s impacts.

    Our team will also keep you updated throughout the day on where the flooding is happening and the closures that result.

    (09:39 a.m. EDT) How Close Was Erin?

    From senior meteorologist Jonathan Erdman:

    It turned out, Erin’s center came as close as 200 miles east-southeast of Hatteras, North Carolina, as of 2 a.m. ET today.

    But given Erin’s tropical storm force winds were up to 480 miles wide, it is bringing tropical storm conditions to coastal North Carolina and the Virginia Tidewater today, not to mention coastal flooding, high surf and rip currents along the East Coast.

    A hurricane — especially one this large — doesn’t have to make landfall to be impactful.

    (09:20 a.m. EDT) Massive Swells At Popular Florida Pier

    A Florida meteorologist shared some impressive sunrise video of huge ocean swells crashing onto Juno Beach. The waves popped out a few boards of the Juno Pier, which remains open right now.

    (09:00 a.m. EDT) Another High Tide

    From senior meteorologist Jonathan Erdman:

    We’re at another high tide along the East Coast and, as you can see in the graphic from the National Weather Service below, there are three more high tides after this morning where coastal flooding is expected in the northern Outer Banks of North Carolina.

    This evening’s high tide is the one where flooding may be greatest from North Carolina to the Jersey shore, as northeast winds from soon departing Hurricane Erin keep pushing water to the coast.

    (08:44 a.m. EDT) Will NC-12 Hold?

    A front-end loader clears a road of sand while floodwaters cover it

    A front-end loader clears a road of sand while floodwaters cover it

    From managing editor Sean Breslin:

    That’s the million-dollar question along North Carolina’s Outer Banks. The highway known as NC-12 is a lifeline for locals, vacationers and emergency responders alike. It spans about 150 miles, connecting the islands of the Outer Banks, but stretches of it have been destroyed by hurricanes of previous years.

    Last night, about a 48-mile stretch of the highway was closed due to storm surge between Oregon Inlet and Hatteras Village.

    (08:40 a.m. EDT) Welcome To Day 11 Of Erin

    From senior meteorologist Jonathan Erdman:

    This “Cabo Verde” storm already made quite a voyage. It’s 2,941 miles away from where it first became a tropical storm 10 days ago near Cabo Verde.

    (08:16 a.m. EDT) Sun Rises On East Coast

    From senior writer Chris DeWeese:

    Early risers along the East Coast are posting photos to social media of a pretty spectacular sunrise, courtesy of Hurricane Erin’s moisture. This photo from Charleston, South Carolina, was just posted by meteorologist Joey Sovine.

    (07:47 a.m. EDT) Imagine Being On This Ferry

    From managing editor Sean Breslin:

    Keeping in mind that this is all the way up near the Rhode Island coast, check out how this boat was jostled by large waves yesterday evening:

    (07:34 a.m. EDT) Buoy Shows 44.9 Foot Wave Height From Hurricane Erin

    From senior writer Chris DeWeese:

    Hurricane Erin is a huge storm capable of producing some giant waves. Many of these waves will remain unknown and unrecorded, but there are plenty of buoys out in the Atlantic capable of picking up data to give us some sense of what’s going on out there.

    Keep an eye on buoy 41001, located 150 nautical miles east of Cape Hatteras, which recently reported significant wave heights of 44.9 feet. As senior digital meteorologist Jonathan Erdman explains, since “max wave heights” are usually 2x the sig. wave heights….there could be up to 90-foot waves well offshore!”

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  • Hurricane Erin churns up dangerous surf and rip currents along the East Coast

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    Hurricane Erin is churning up life-threatening rip currents and dangerous surf along much of the U.S. East Coast and will soon send destructive waves and storm surge to North Carolina’s Outer Banks. Meanwhile, Atlantic hurricane season is hitting its stride, threatening to spin up another named storm in Erin’s wake.Erin, a sprawling Category 2 hurricane, is not forecast to make landfall but will impact much of the East Coast with dangerous coastal conditions as it tracks north, nearly paralleling the coast. Bermuda will face similar conditions to the storm’s east.Preparations are ramping up along the coast with the worst of Erin’s impacts expected to begin Wednesday in North Carolina. Gov. Josh Stein declared a state of emergency on Tuesday to free up resources as the state’s coastal region readies up for the hurricane’s threats.Erin is already creating dangers: Dozens of rip current rescues have been conducted in North Carolina, and popular beaches in Maryland, Virginia, Delaware and New Jersey, as well as all public beaches in New York City, have enacted no swimming decrees until Erin’s threat passes.More than a dozen people were rescued at North Carolina’s Wrightsville Beach on Tuesday, following about 60 rescues at the beach Monday, according to Sam Proffitt, the town’s ocean rescue director.The beach has issued a no-swim advisory through Friday, but Proffitt said most of those rescued have been beachgoers going for a swim on what is seemingly just another hot, sunny day. But Erin is already causing frequent rip currents in the area.“They are very large, sometimes several blocks wide, and extremely strong,” Proffitt told CNN. “It’s a lot of water moving. It’s a lot of energy. It’s all funneling out. So it really doesn’t matter how good of a swimmer you are.”Not far to the north, Surf City Fire Department Ocean Rescue Services made 15 rescues Monday, Fire Chief Allen Wilson told CNN.A tropical storm warning stretches from the middle of North Carolina’s coast up to its border of Virginia. The warning means tropical-storm-force winds (39 to 73 mph) are expected within 36 hours. A tropical storm watch has been issued for areas north of the Virginia–North Carolina border up to Chincoteague, Virginia, just south of Delaware.A tropical storm watch has also been issued for Bermuda.Dare and Hyde counties, which encompass most of the Outer Banks, have already issued local states of emergency with mandatory evacuations for Hatteras and Ocracoke islands.Officials worried some may disregard the danger because landfall isn’t expected. “They’re thinking since this one isn’t going to hit us directly, it’s not going to be a problem. Well, it’s going to be a problem,” Dare County Manager Robert Outten told WITN.North Carolina’s Highway 12, the slim, scenic stretch of road connecting the islands of the Outer Banks, could be completely inaccessible for several days due to significant coastal flooding. Other coastal roads could be impassable at times, especially around high tide.“I know many who live on the island feel they can ride out a storm, but Hurricane Erin is different,” Dare County Emergency Management Director Drew Pearson said in a Tuesday news release. “Extended flooding and the threat to Highway 12 will severely limit our ability to respond — and even a slight shift in Erin’s track toward our coast could bring much more dangerous conditions. Please, do not take the risk. Evacuate now, while it is still safe to do so.”The hurricane exploded in strength to a Category 5 over the weekend, fueled by very warm water, in one of the fastest rapid intensification bursts on record in the Atlantic. While its category has changed since then, its threat has not.Its outer bands lashed Puerto Rico, the southeast Bahamas and Turks and Caicos, causing flooding, power outages and some airport closures.Erin’s life-threatening impactsThe hurricane’s impact will be felt not through direct landfall, but through water: large, pounding surf, dangerous currents and coastal flooding during high tides.That water is being driven by Erin’s expansive winds. Tropical storm-force winds extended more than 260 miles out from Erin’s center early Wednesday and could reach even farther by Thursday, when it makes its closest pass to the North Carolina coast.Erin’s winds could push up to 4 feet of storm surge onto the Outer Banks late Wednesday into Thursday. A storm surge warning is in effect for a large portion of the region. Rip current risks will remain high along much of the East Coast through late this week.Extensive beach erosion is likely in the Outer Banks, with waves of 20 feet or more forecast this week, according to the National Weather Service. These large waves “will likely cause severe beach and coastal damage,” the National Weather Service in Morehead City, North Carolina, cautioned Tuesday.Protective sand dunes could be inundated and destroyed, which could lead to severe flooding inland, National Park Service officials at Cape Hatteras National Seashore warned Monday.Multiple Outer Banks homes have collapsed into the ocean in recent years, including at least three around this time last year from Hurricane Ernesto’s waves. At least two homes in Rodanthe are “very, very vulnerable” to collapse this week, Cape Hatteras National Seashore Superintendent Dave Hallac told WRAL.As if that wasn’t enough, the tides around the Outer Banks will be at their highest levels of the month on Wednesday and Thursday. Adding Erin’s large waves to the mix could cause serious coastal flooding.Bermuda also lies in Erin’s path of influence, with forecasters expecting the island to see very rough seas and possibly tropical storm–force winds later this week.More tropical trouble could follow ErinAtlantic hurricane season’s most active stretch typically kicks off in mid-August and that’s certainly ringing true this year. The National Hurricane Center is monitoring two areas for possible tropical development in the same part of the Atlantic Erin tracked through last week.The first area of disorganized showers and thunderstorms is over the open tropical Atlantic and has a medium chance of developing into a tropical depression or tropical storm within the next week.The storminess is forecast to approach the Leeward Islands on Friday, but it’s still unclear if it will be able to develop into at least a tropical depression by then or if that organization will happen over the weekend. Without that key point in focus, it’s even less clear where the system could head from there. Anyone in the Caribbean, Bahamas and southeastern U.S. should keep an eye on the forecast this week.Another area near Africa’s Cabo Verde islands has a low chance to develop over the next few days before it runs into more hostile atmospheric conditions at the end of the week. If this system does develop into a tropical depression or tropical storm in the coming days, it will likely slowly trudge over the Atlantic, away from land, into at least next week.The next two tropical storms that develop in the Atlantic will be given the names Fernand and Gabrielle.

    Hurricane Erin is churning up life-threatening rip currents and dangerous surf along much of the U.S. East Coast and will soon send destructive waves and storm surge to North Carolina’s Outer Banks. Meanwhile, Atlantic hurricane season is hitting its stride, threatening to spin up another named storm in Erin’s wake.

    Erin, a sprawling Category 2 hurricane, is not forecast to make landfall but will impact much of the East Coast with dangerous coastal conditions as it tracks north, nearly paralleling the coast. Bermuda will face similar conditions to the storm’s east.

    Preparations are ramping up along the coast with the worst of Erin’s impacts expected to begin Wednesday in North Carolina. Gov. Josh Stein declared a state of emergency on Tuesday to free up resources as the state’s coastal region readies up for the hurricane’s threats.

    Erin is already creating dangers: Dozens of rip current rescues have been conducted in North Carolina, and popular beaches in Maryland, Virginia, Delaware and New Jersey, as well as all public beaches in New York City, have enacted no swimming decrees until Erin’s threat passes.

    hurricane

    More than a dozen people were rescued at North Carolina’s Wrightsville Beach on Tuesday, following about 60 rescues at the beach Monday, according to Sam Proffitt, the town’s ocean rescue director.

    The beach has issued a no-swim advisory through Friday, but Proffitt said most of those rescued have been beachgoers going for a swim on what is seemingly just another hot, sunny day. But Erin is already causing frequent rip currents in the area.

    “They are very large, sometimes several blocks wide, and extremely strong,” Proffitt told CNN. “It’s a lot of water moving. It’s a lot of energy. It’s all funneling out. So it really doesn’t matter how good of a swimmer you are.”

    Not far to the north, Surf City Fire Department Ocean Rescue Services made 15 rescues Monday, Fire Chief Allen Wilson told CNN.

    A tropical storm warning stretches from the middle of North Carolina’s coast up to its border of Virginia. The warning means tropical-storm-force winds (39 to 73 mph) are expected within 36 hours. A tropical storm watch has been issued for areas north of the Virginia–North Carolina border up to Chincoteague, Virginia, just south of Delaware.

    A tropical storm watch has also been issued for Bermuda.

    Dare and Hyde counties, which encompass most of the Outer Banks, have already issued local states of emergency with mandatory evacuations for Hatteras and Ocracoke islands.

    Officials worried some may disregard the danger because landfall isn’t expected. “They’re thinking since this one isn’t going to hit us directly, it’s not going to be a problem. Well, it’s going to be a problem,” Dare County Manager Robert Outten told WITN.

    North Carolina’s Highway 12, the slim, scenic stretch of road connecting the islands of the Outer Banks, could be completely inaccessible for several days due to significant coastal flooding. Other coastal roads could be impassable at times, especially around high tide.

    “I know many who live on the island feel they can ride out a storm, but Hurricane Erin is different,” Dare County Emergency Management Director Drew Pearson said in a Tuesday news release. “Extended flooding and the threat to Highway 12 will severely limit our ability to respond — and even a slight shift in Erin’s track toward our coast could bring much more dangerous conditions. Please, do not take the risk. Evacuate now, while it is still safe to do so.”

    The hurricane exploded in strength to a Category 5 over the weekend, fueled by very warm water, in one of the fastest rapid intensification bursts on record in the Atlantic. While its category has changed since then, its threat has not.

    Its outer bands lashed Puerto Rico, the southeast Bahamas and Turks and Caicos, causing flooding, power outages and some airport closures.

    Erin’s life-threatening impacts

    The hurricane’s impact will be felt not through direct landfall, but through water: large, pounding surf, dangerous currents and coastal flooding during high tides.

    That water is being driven by Erin’s expansive winds. Tropical storm-force winds extended more than 260 miles out from Erin’s center early Wednesday and could reach even farther by Thursday, when it makes its closest pass to the North Carolina coast.

    Erin’s winds could push up to 4 feet of storm surge onto the Outer Banks late Wednesday into Thursday. A storm surge warning is in effect for a large portion of the region. Rip current risks will remain high along much of the East Coast through late this week.

    Storms in the Atlantic as shown by satellite.

    Extensive beach erosion is likely in the Outer Banks, with waves of 20 feet or more forecast this week, according to the National Weather Service. These large waves “will likely cause severe beach and coastal damage,” the National Weather Service in Morehead City, North Carolina, cautioned Tuesday.

    Protective sand dunes could be inundated and destroyed, which could lead to severe flooding inland, National Park Service officials at Cape Hatteras National Seashore warned Monday.

    Multiple Outer Banks homes have collapsed into the ocean in recent years, including at least three around this time last year from Hurricane Ernesto’s waves. At least two homes in Rodanthe are “very, very vulnerable” to collapse this week, Cape Hatteras National Seashore Superintendent Dave Hallac told WRAL.

    As if that wasn’t enough, the tides around the Outer Banks will be at their highest levels of the month on Wednesday and Thursday. Adding Erin’s large waves to the mix could cause serious coastal flooding.

    Bermuda also lies in Erin’s path of influence, with forecasters expecting the island to see very rough seas and possibly tropical storm–force winds later this week.

    More tropical trouble could follow Erin

    Atlantic hurricane season’s most active stretch typically kicks off in mid-August and that’s certainly ringing true this year. The National Hurricane Center is monitoring two areas for possible tropical development in the same part of the Atlantic Erin tracked through last week.

    The first area of disorganized showers and thunderstorms is over the open tropical Atlantic and has a medium chance of developing into a tropical depression or tropical storm within the next week.

    The storminess is forecast to approach the Leeward Islands on Friday, but it’s still unclear if it will be able to develop into at least a tropical depression by then or if that organization will happen over the weekend. Without that key point in focus, it’s even less clear where the system could head from there. Anyone in the Caribbean, Bahamas and southeastern U.S. should keep an eye on the forecast this week.

    Another area near Africa’s Cabo Verde islands has a low chance to develop over the next few days before it runs into more hostile atmospheric conditions at the end of the week. If this system does develop into a tropical depression or tropical storm in the coming days, it will likely slowly trudge over the Atlantic, away from land, into at least next week.

    The next two tropical storms that develop in the Atlantic will be given the names Fernand and Gabrielle.

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  • Flood, gale warnings in effect through weekend

    Flood, gale warnings in effect through weekend

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    The National Weather Serive has issued coastal flood and high tide advisories through this evening for the North Shore, from Salem to Newburyport.

    Second and third coastal flood advisories were issued for Friday at 11 p.m. to Saturday at 5 a.m., and for Saturday from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m.

    For the high surf advisory, large breaking waves can be expected in the surf zone Friday through 7 p.m., the weather service said.

    For the Friday afternoon coastal flood advisory, through 6 p.m. Friday, 1 to 2 feet of inundation above ground level may expected in low-lying areas near shorelines and tidal waterways (4.2 to 13.9 feet Mean Lower Low Water).

    Flooding up to 1 foot deep may affect coastal roads on the North Shore from Salem to Gloucester and Newburyport, the weather service said. Rough surf will cause flooding on some coastal roads around the time of high tide due to splashover.

    Mariners should be aware the National Weather Service has issued a gale warning through Saturday morning for coastal waters east of Ipswich Bay and the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, and for Massachusetts and Ipswich Bays.

    Northeast winds at 20 to 25 knots with gusts up to 40 knots and 6- to 11-foot seas may be expected.

    The strong winds will cause hazardous seas which could capsize or damage vessels and reduce visibility, according to the weather service.

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  • Opinion: Here’s one way to protect California’s beaches from rising seas: Stop messing with them

    Opinion: Here’s one way to protect California’s beaches from rising seas: Stop messing with them

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    Protecting our coasts from sea level rise is increasingly urgent, especially for densely populated coastal communities such as Southern California’s. Coastal flooding and beach erosion from rising seas and storms are far more than a threat; they’re already happening in many places in California and beyond. But new research suggests one relatively simple means of shoring up our beaches: leaving them alone.

    As I and my colleagues at UC Santa Barbara and our partner institutions showed in a recent paper, natural dune formation can help restore and adapt urban coasts to climate change. In fact, we found that natural processes can cause the sands to rise much faster than the seas.

    Our research began in 2016 with a partnership among the Los Angeles-based nonprofit the Bay Foundation, the city of Santa Monica and scientists from UC Santa Barbara to test the capacity of dune restoration to reduce coastal flooding. We envisioned allowing an urban shoreline to return to a more natural state after decades of frequent beach grooming.

    Beach grooming, which employs heavy equipment to rake sand, is a widespread practice used to collect trash, remove seaweed and flatten beaches to maintain views and accommodate recreation along urban shores. By altering natural processes such as plant growth and wind- and wave-driven accumulation of sand, grooming prevents dunes from forming on beaches with enough space to develop them.

    Without dunes, beaches are less resistant to erosion and more vulnerable to flooding driven by more intense storms and higher seas. Grooming also reduces habitat for wildlife, including threatened species such as the western snowy plover.

    After the crucial first step of extensive outreach for community input and securing approval for the demonstration project, we worked with the city, community groups, students and the public to fence off an approximately 3-acre section of Santa Monica Beach next to the Annenberg Community Beach House. The study site was protected from grooming and seeded with native dune plants.

    The sand fencing was left open along the ocean side so that people and wildlife could interact with the site and sand could drift in and out with the tides and wind. Interpretive signs and a central public access path enhanced viewing and provided information about the experiment in urban beach restoration. And other than some occasional hand weeding in the initial years, the site progressed naturally on its own without irrigation or any use of heavy equipment.

    The native coastal foredune plant species we seeded the site with, such as red sand verbena (Abronia maritima) and beach bur (Ambrosia chamissonis), are specialists at trapping and holding sand in place. As these plants grow, they act as living ecosystem engineers that trap small mounds of sand, grow on top of them, trap more sand and so forth. Over time, with sufficient sand and beach width, they promote the formation of dunes.

    Once the demonstration project was in place, we studied its effects over six years. What we found exceeded our expectations.

    Wind-driven sand began to accumulate naturally along the sand fences almost immediately. Native plants germinated quickly and spread gradually over time. And as the plants grew and spread, we saw additional sand accumulation and the formation of a small foredune ridge along the ocean edge of the project.

    By the sixth year of the study, the new dunes had risen to a height of more than 3 feet in many places. Overall, the site had accumulated more than 2,200 cubic yards of sand — enough to fill more than 200 large dump trucks. The dunes grew at more than 10 times the rate of sea level rise during the years of our study.

    Our project, the first of its kind in the region, highlights a nature-based adaptation that can enhance the resilience of beaches and coastal communities while conserving sandy ecosystems. Conducted without heavy machinery or other expensive equipment, it was also cost-effective compared with traditional methods of coastal defense, such as sea walls and coastal armoring. And it can be widely replicated by restricting grooming in areas with enough beach space and sand supply to promote dune formation.

    Many more small dune restoration projects are already being implemented throughout California. It’s time to begin scaling up these efforts across our coastlines. We can achieve a healthy balance between continuing to enjoy our beaches for recreation and shifting practices to promote more coastal resilience with thoughtful planning and engagement with all the affected interests. People, plants, plovers and protection can coexist on our beautiful California beaches.

    Karina Johnston is a doctoral student at UC Santa Barbara’s Bren School of Environmental Science and Management and the Marine Science Institute.

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    Karina Johnston

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