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  • Joint health nutrition for dogs and cats | Animal Wellness Magazine

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    Support your dog or cat’s joint health with anti-inflammatory foods and easy recipes that help ease arthritis and improve mobility.

    Many companion animals experience joint problems such as arthritis, especially as they age. Feeding them a joint-supportive diet helps alleviate discomfort and improve mobility. Let’s look at joint health nutrition for dogs and cats, along with recipes you can share with your beloved companion 

    10 joint-healthy foods for dogs and cats

         1.Cold water fish: Salmon, sardines, trout and mackerel are good sources of inflammation-fighting Omega-3 fatty acids.

         2.Green leafy vegetables: Kale, Swiss chard, spinach and Bok choy are packed with antioxidants like vitamins A, C and K. These nutrients protect cells from free radical damage. Leafy green veggies also include bone-preserving calcium. 

         3. Cruciferous vegetables: Broccoli, Brussels sprouts and cauliflower contain a natural compound known as sulforaphane. Research shows that sulforaphane helps block the inflammatory process. It might even slow cartilage damage in osteoarthritis. 

    Some evidence suggests cruciferous vegetable-rich diets may help prevent the development of RA.

         4. Carrots: These colorful root vegetables are rich in vitamin A and beta-carotene, helping to fight inflammation.

         5. Apple cider vinegar: Adding apple cider vinegar to bone broth recipes releases calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, silicon, and sulphate into the broth. It also releases other trace minerals and amino acids.

         6. Parsley: This versatile herb contains vitamin C, pro-vitamin A, calcium, chlorophyll, iron, and magnesium. It also contains an essential oil called eugenol, which has anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory properties. It improves digestion and supports kidney and urinary tract health. 

          7. Chaga mushrooms: These make a healthful addition to bone broth along with other mushrooms. Chaga contains 215 phytochemicals and 29 polysaccharide derivatives. These mushrooms also offer beta-D-glucans, polyphenols, superoxide dismutase, micronutrients and more.

    Chaga mushrooms uniquely boost the immune system or slow it down, depending on the body’s needs. This makes it great for dogs or              cats with arthritis or allergies. 

    8. Turmeric: Sprinkled on any dish, this flavorful spice is a powerful anti-inflammatory, benefiting a variety of arthritic conditions. Turmeric’s combined anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties help provide relief from the pain of arthritis and other joint issues.  

         9. First pressed/extra virgin olive oil: Researchers have studied this oil for its protective benefits, including against arthritis. Olive oil contains about 30 natural compounds, including polyphenol and oleocanthal, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

    Studies show that the phytochemicals found in olive oil inhibit the production arachidonic acid, which contributes to inflammation.  

         10. Camelina oil: Similar to almond oil in texture and flavor, camelina oils is an excellent source of phytosterols, including campesterol, which helps prevent the inflammation that can result from cartilage damage. It’s a rich source of Omega-3 essential fatty acids and supports healthy skin and coat.

    Camelina oil has a high smoke point of 475°F, making it a great alternative for baking. It lasts a long time and resists rancidity, due in large part to its high levels of vitamin E.

    Joint health nutrition for dogs and cats is as easy as incorporating these foods into the recipes that follow!

    Recipes 

    These fabulous recipes are a great way to use nutrition to support joint health in your dog or cat!

    Fabulous Fish Cakes 

    Ingredients

    2 pounds ground salmon* or white fish

    3 whole eggs

    2 carrots

    2 teaspoons sea salt (optional)

    4 tablespoons oatmeal

    ¼ cup cold pressed oil, e.g., olive oil or camelina oil

    ¾ cup filtered water, or you can use fish or vegetable stock to replace some or all the filtered water

    Instructions

    Preheat oven to 350°F. Combine all ingredients, except the fish, in a food processor or blender. Turn out into a large mixing bowl. Add fish and combine thoroughly.

    Line cookie sheets with parchment paper and lightly grease with cold pressed oil. You can make different-sized patties for your dog or cat. Ice cream and melon scoops work well, and a fork is perfect for flattening the fish cakes before popping them into the oven.

    Bake for approximately 1 hour. Remove from the oven and cool completely. Garnish with fresh parsley, or with fresh oat, barley or rye grasses.

    Note: Do not feed raw salmon to your dog; it can contain flukes that cause poisoning.

    Poached Fish

    Poach fish easily by following these steps:

    • Use a pan that’s large enough to lay each piece of fish down flat. 
    • Add enough liquid, such as filtered water or sodium-free broth, to just cover the fish.
    • Bring to a simmer. If you see big bubbles coming up from the bottom of the pan, it’s too hot. The ideal temperature for poaching fish is between 165°F and 180°F.

    Magic Mash

    You can prepare this recipe as a raw or cooked meal topper or side dish. Try to use organic ingredients whenever possible.

    Ingredients for raw mash 

    4 to 6 cups brightly-colored fruits and vegetables, broccoli, carrots, and greens

    ½ cup filtered water

    Cold pressed oil of your choice 

    Instructions 

    Simply whirl all the ingredients in a food processor. Drizzle with cold pressed oil before serving.

    Ingredients for cooked mash

    4 to 6 cups brightly-colored fruits and vegetables

    2 tablespoons first pressed extra virgin olive oil

    1 teaspoon sea salt

    Instructions

    Chop the vegetables by hand or use a food processor. Transfer to a medium-sized saucepan, add olive oil and salt. Turn stove on high until bubbles begin to form. Turn the heat down to simmer. Gently cook the mash for 15 minutes.  

    Cool, then serve with sardines packed in spring water, or another cold-water fish such as salmon, tuna, cod, or haddock.

    Kale Krisps

    This is a delicious dish the whole family can enjoy, and you and your pets can reap so many health benefits too.  Again, try to use organic ingredients whenever possible.

    Ingredients

    1 bunch kale or large leafed spring greens

    1 tablespoon first pressed extra virgin olive oil

    1 teaspoon sea salt

    1 tablespoon hemp hearts (optional)

    A sprinkle of turmeric

    Instructions

    Preheat oven to 350°F. Line cookie sheet with parchment paper. Remove the leaves from the thick outer stems of the kale. Cut or tear the leaves into bite-sized pieces. Wash the leaves with filtered water, then dry them in a salad spinner. Or pat them dry with paper towels or a tea towel. 

    Spread the bite-sized pieces of kale on the cookie sheet. Drizzle with olive oil, then sprinkle with sea salt, hemp hearts, and turmeric. Bake for 10 to 15 minutes, until the edges of the leaves are turning golden in color.  

    Remove from oven, cool, and enjoy! Store Kale Krisps in an open container. If they lose their crunch, simply pop them back in a pre-heated oven for a few minutes.

    Simple Bone Broth

    An article about using nutrition to support joint health in dogs and cats wouldn’t be complete without bone broth. It’s a powerhouse of nutrients, including protein, calcium, phosphorus, potassium and amino acids. 

    Bone broth is also rich in collagen, keratin, gelatin, chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine and hyaluronic acid. Bone marrow broths contain stem cells too. 

    Giving your dog or cat a daily dose of bone broth is a great way to supplement gelatin and help with joint health. Use certified organic bones for the best nutritional value.

    Ingredients

    1 to 2 pounds of chicken or turkey bones or 2 large beef marrow bones or other bones containing marrow

    1 cup mushrooms (e.g. Shiitake, Turkey Tail, Maitake, or a combination)

    1 tablespoon organic apple cider vinegar (contains the “mother”) or 1/2 lemon

    Filtered water

    Handful of fresh parsley

    Instructions 

    Place the bones and vinegar in a large soup pot, Crock Pot or Instant Pot. Cover with filtered water and bring mixture to a boil. Skim the “particulates” that rise to the top. Then turn the heat down to a simmer. Add mushrooms.  

    Leave the bones to simmer away all day or night. Add the parsley just a few minutes before you move to the next step. Then drain the broth from the bones. Discard the bones but keep all the meat and cartilage.  

    Store bone broth in glass jars in the fridge for up to one week. You can also freeze it in containers or ice cube trays for up to six months.  


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    Dr. Suzi Beber, Honoris causa

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  • Chinese herbal medicine for dogs and cats – an introduction | Animal Wellness Magazine

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    Find out how Chinese herbal medicine works to improve your animal companion’s health and help treat a range of conditions. 

    Both people and animals have long benefited from Chinese herbs, which can help treat a variety of health issues. Here’s an introduction to Chinese herbal medicine for dogs and cats. We’ll also look at how this complex but effective approach works. 

    Herbal medicine is an ancient modality 

    The use of medicinal herbs dates back thousands of years. In fact, herbs are considered one of the first medicines. Animals used plants as a primary source of healing long before humans did. They have an instinctive knowledge of which plants are safe and which are harmful.  

    As humans evolved, they observed their animal counterparts to better understand which plants would treat their ailments. Using these observations, ancient Chinese practitioners developed a new form of medicine. It’s known today as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), along with Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM) for our animal companions.  

    The first Chinese herbal book was known as the Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (Shen Nong’s Book of Medical Herbs). It was compiled between 100 BC and 100 AD and contains information on 365 medicinal herbs. Throughout the centuries, scientific validation solidified the importance of herbal medicine in veterinary practice. 

    The foundation of Chinese herbal medicine: TCVM pattern diagnosis

    Before understanding Chinese herbal medicine, you must first have a basic knowledge of TCVM. On the surface, it seems quite simple. If something is hot, cool it off; if a deficiency occurs, strengthen or tonify it. In reality, however, TCVM is a very intricate and precise form of medicine.

    At the core of TCVM is the concept of pattern diagnosis. To achieve a proper pattern diagnosis the questions of “where” and “what” must be answered. 

    • The “where” uses the Five Elements theory (Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water). Each element has specific characteristics and organ systems associated with it. The Five Elements theory helps determine the location of disharmony in the body. 
    • The “what” uses the Eight Principles of TCVM, including the Yin/Yang theory, the principles of Excess and Deficiency, Hot and Cold signs, and the Six Exogenous Pathogens to determine the specific cause of the disharmony.

    To successfully treat a dog or cat’s disharmony, the TCVM practitioner uses a detailed history along with specific diagnostic techniques. These include examining tongue color, feeling pulse quality, evaluating overall body appearance and temperature, and more. This helps the practitioner determine the pathology and what the pattern diagnosis is.

    The characteristics of Chinese herbs

    Understanding the properties and nature of Chinese herbal medicine allows the TCVM practitioner to prescribe the appropriate herbals. This allows for more specific treatment of disease processes within the body. 

    Herbal properties are based on how the herbs interact with the body, and are characterized by their energy or temperature, taste, and direction of influence within the body.

    When categorizing herbals by energy or temperature, they are placed into five groups: Cold, Cool, Neutral, Warm, and Hot. These fall along a natural continuum, which means Hot herbs are stronger than Warm herbs. Meanwhile, cold herbs are stronger and have a greater cooling energy than Cool herbs.

    1. Cold herbs produce anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and sedative actions.
    2. Cool herbs help reduce fevers, aid in detoxification, lower blood pressure, and soothe nerves.  
    3. Neutral herbs have a gentler effect and tend to help mediate the other herbs. They are often considered safer for extended periods of use. 
    4. Warm herbs can promote circulation and help alleviate chills. 
    5. Hot herbs tend to be used to promote and improve organ function and help stimulate and strengthen deficiencies.

    Taste is determined by the herb’s clinical effect, and the sensation it produces on the tongue. The blend of phytochemicals in any given herbal specimen also influences taste. The tastes associated with Chinese herbs are Sour, Bitter, Sweet, Pungent, and Salty.

    1. Sour herbs tend to be astringent. They help contract flaccid tissues, stop abnormal secretions or discharges, promote digestive enzyme secretion and liver function, and alter blood conditions.  
    2. Bitter herbs have anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, detoxifying, anti-viral, and anti-parasitic effects. 
    3. Sweet herbs help tonify Qi or Yang, nourish Blood or Yin, and soothe the Liver. They soothe acute diseases and regulate internal organ functions.  
    4. Pungent herbs stimulate blood circulation and distribute energy from the interior to the surface of the body. 
    5. Salty herbs are diuretic and can also help soften hard masses and resolve bumps. They have also been known to relieve constipation.

    Chinese herbal formulas and their components

    Ancient Chinese healers often used single herbs to treat disease conditions. Although this produced wonderful results, they discovered that combining herbs created a synergistic effect, allowing for more powerful and specific treatments.

    A Chinese herbal formula will often contain different quantities of several individual herbs. These herbs work together under the principles of TCM/TCVM. They balance disharmony within the body and treat the disease process. 

    A typical Chinese herbal formula may contain between four to 15 herbs. Each herb plays a key role within the formula. The four roles include the King (Emperor), Minister, Adjunct (Assistant), and the Messenger (Servant or Transporter). (See table on page xx for details.

    Chinese herbs – forms and dosing 

    Chinese herbs are available in powder, capsules, decoction, patent pill and extract granules, paste, and herbal wines/alcohol tinctures. 

    The species of the animal, pattern diagnosis, and severity of the disorder, determine dosing. The herbal formulation used, and its product specifications, also play a part. In general, the dosing for dogs and cats is 0.5 to 1 gram per ten to 20 pounds of body weight.

    Note: Before giving any herbal formula to your dog or cat, it’s very important to work with a holistic or integrative veterinarian who is knowledgeable and experienced in TCVM and Chinese herbal medicine.

    Common conditions treated with Chinese herbs

    Almost all conditions can be treated with Chinese herbal medicine. A few of the most common include arthritic and orthopedic conditions, geriatric problems, internal medicine conditions, and anxiety/ behavioral issues.

    Herbal formulas can be used on their own or combined with conventional treatments. Additional TCVM treatments such as acupuncture can help manage disharmonies in the body. These are frequently used to quickly provide relief and balance in the body. Chinese herbal medicine is often used to manage conditions that could take longer to correct.

    Chinese herbal medicine for dogs and cats is a modality with many facets. When used at the right dosing for treating a properly diagnosed TCVM pattern, it can be invaluable for correcting disharmonies that arise in your dog or cat.

    Chinese vs. Western herbs

    Many of the same herbs are used in both Chinese and Western modalities. One of the main differences is how they are used. 

    • Western herbs are usually used singly or in small combinations to help treat specific conditions from a broader, more generalized approach. 
    • Chinese herbs can be used singly but are more often utilized as a synergistic mixture of up to15 herbs. Practitioners use them within the TCVM framework to provide a more specific treatment protocol. This protocol focuses on pattern diagnosis and correcting disharmonies in the body.

    How safe are Chinese herbs?

    In general, when using the proper pattern diagnosis and a reputably sourced herbal at the proper dosing, Chinese herbal medicine can be very safe and effective. Diarrhea and vomiting are the most common side effects, with diarrhea reported most frequently. To ensure safety and optimal results, work with a veterinarian well-versed in TCVM.

    Key roles of individual herbs in Chinese herbal formulas

    King Herbal (Emperor)
    • The main part of the formula
    • Generates the major therapeutic effects and addresses the major pattern and underlying cause of the disease 
    • One to two herbal components in a formula
    Minister Herbal
    • Assists or enhances the effects of the King. 
    • Ranges from one to five components
    Adjunct Herbal (assistant)
    • Has three important roles:
    1. Treats minor causes of a disease or secondary patterns
    2. Can help suppress toxic or extreme activities of the King and Minister.
    3. Balances the energy for the whole formula  
    • An herbal formula has one to six assistants 
    Messenger
    • Acts as a harmonizer and peacemaker
    • Distributes the formula’s effects to the diseased areas or organs and coordinates the effects of the other ingredients in the formula
    • One to three messengers in a formula


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    Veterinarian Dr. Jared Mitchell graduated from Mississippi State University’s College of Veterinary Medicine in 2004. In 2010, he opened Mitchell Animal Clinic in Mobile, Alabama, and began incorporating holistic modalities into his practice. Dr. Mitchell is completing certification to become a Certified Veterinary Medical Aromatherapist through the VMAA, and plans to achieve certifications in herbal medicine, acupuncture, chiropractic and more.

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    Jared Mitchell, DVM, CVMA

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  • Every Sims 4 Expansion, Ranked From Worst to Best

    Every Sims 4 Expansion, Ranked From Worst to Best

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    The many EPs of the Sims universe continue to keep the franchise alive, incorporating more content with each passing year. But with so many add-ons out there, it can be challenging to keep up with them all, especially when deciding on a new EP. So, to get the complete package, we’re here to rank all The Sims 4 expansion packs from worst to best.

    15. Snowy Escape

    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    Although Snowy Escape is at the bottom of the list, it is by no means a bad Sims 4 expansion pack. One of its best qualities is the many decorative objects you can utilize in almost any world, showcasing a Japanese-inspired furniture collection. The pack is also just plain fun to explore, where you can take a trip down the snowy mountains and relax in the cozy rock garden.

    But what makes Snowy Escape fall short is the fact that it feels more like a vacation spot rather than an actual expansion in gameplay. Yes, it can be perfect for those family outings, yet it doesn’t quite have any necessary attributes that others do.

    14. Eco Lifestyle

    Eco Lifestyle in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    Eco Lifestyle promotes a positive message of keeping the world clean, using craftable projects and communal living. That means Simmers can establish their own electricity and water systems while planning out missions during the Neighborhood Action Plan events.

    It can certainly be exciting to watch how the town evolves from a desolate land to an immaculate, energy-saving neighborhood. However, Eco Lifestyle feels more like a one-stop shop; it can be fun to play the pack the first time around, but there’s nothing much else to do outside of that. I personally haven’t used much of the Build Mode items in other worlds either, so it’s more or less catered to its designated world alone.

    13. Island Living

    Island Living in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    In hindsight, Island Living can feel like another vacation spot world, yet it’s so much more than that with its conservationist career and mermaid lifestyle. As a conservationist, you’ll be able to keep the beaches clean and study the wonders of the water. Or, if you are interested in another pathway, you can sink into fishing, diving, or even a lifeguard career.

    Not to mention the enriching culture surrounding Sulani, where you can learn about the local folklore with the island ancestors. The expansion pack, unfortunately, doesn’t have much replay value beyond these factors due to its lack of content. Nevertheless, it can still provide you with some fun activities when you want to change up the pace.

    12. Discover University

    Discover University in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    Discover University was our first introduction to the college lifestyle in The Sims 4. Thus, instead of jumping into a career right away in the Young Adult stage, you’ll have the option to further your knowledge in a specific field of interest. On top of that, the world of Britechester just feels like any real-life college town, bringing in party-filled events and clubs for extracurricular activities.

    But as much as I wanted to like the entirety of the Discover University pack, you can’t actually go into class (a concept that wasn’t introduced until High School Years.) It can also be extremely tough to handle a full-time schedule, forcing you to settle for a select few activities to avoid being overwhelmed. I understand that it’s meant to reflect the real world, but having that high amount of homework and studying deters you from everything else in the EP.

    11. Cats & Dogs

    Cats and Dogs in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    You may be surprised to see Cats and Dogs so low on this Sims 4 expansion pack ranking (especially since I’m a huge pet lover myself.) However, the gameplay side of the add-on can be pretty exhausting with the consistent needs of the animals. On some occasions, it made me feel like a terrible pet owner, where they’d get taken away just because I didn’t tend to them 24/7.

    Don’t get me wrong; the Cats and Dogs expansion pack is still a necessary pack that I believe every animal lover should get. The EP brings out some of the most meaningful and heartfelt moments, whether it be through training sessions or simple family downtimes. Though, I suggest not going overboard with cats and dogs within the household so you can refrain from pulling your hair out with their constant need for attention.

    10. Horse Ranch

    Horse Ranch in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    Compared to Cats and Dogs, I had a much easier time taking care of horses since they can, for the most part, tend to their needs in dire situations. It doesn’t require as much of that 24/7 attention with cats and dogs, so it feels a lot less hectic. Even more so, I truly enjoyed living on the land as a rancher, in which you craft Nectar recipes and look after small animals.

    I would say that Horse Ranch feels more like a game pack than an expansion pack. It only does a little in terms of gameplay, with horses being the only main selling point. The world is also relatively smaller than other Sims 4 expansion packs despite having a new traveling system with horses.

    9. Get to Work

    Get to Work in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    Although Get to Work can sometimes have a bad rap in the Sims community with its bugs and performance issues, it still is the first introduction to immersive jobs in the franchise. In previous games, careers only offered rabbithole activities, requiring you to wait around for your Sims to come home. That is until Get to Work finally allowed players to dive into their character’s work life as a Detective, Doctor, or Scientist.

    Then, you can dabble in the pack’s retail side, featuring bookstores, boutiques, and bakeries. Get to Work has a lot to offer, and even if you don’t always go for those new career paths, it’s there for you to try out whenever you’re tired of those less-interactive jobs.

    8. City Living

    City Living in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    City Living is another excellent Sims 4 expansion pack that ushers in apartments for this particular entry. Most worlds lean on a residential approach, but this EP can change up this dynamic with its upscale buildings and ongoing events. There’s always something to do in San Myshuno, from karaoke nights to cultural festivals.

    When it’s time to go home, you’ll have to deal with everyday problems like leaky pipes or bug outbreaks, adding to The Sims 4’s realistic value. The only thing I will say is that the newest For Rent offers more of an apartment-style of living due to its multi-units, which was neglected in City Living.

    7. High School Years

    High School Years in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    Like Get to Work, High School Years finally brought an interactive experience specifically for the younger generation. Now, Simmers can get some insight into what the educational system is actually like while also having more control over their studies. Build Mode takes on a new form at the same time, creating expansive schools with a classroom-themed collection.

    Teenagers in past Sim installments have been relatively neglected in content, so it’s nice to see them get more opportunities with prom and graduation. Plus, High School Years showcases a new social media system as a Simfluencer, where you can rise in popularity through the Trendi app.

    6. Get Together

    Get Together in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    Many Sims 4 expansion packs have come and gone over the years, and one that you may have forgotten is the communitive Get Together add-on. Although it has been quite some time since it was released, it proves its value as one of the largest worlds in the game. In comparison, the pack’s Windenburg features upwards of over 20 lots, while the latest For Rent only has 9.

    Group activities make the pack feel much more meaningful, setting up hangouts and establishing clubs to meet new Sims. The franchise has always been about togetherness, and that’s exactly where this EP shines. Almost every part of this world has something going on, including battling it out on the dance floor and having a splash in the pool.

    5. Get Famous

    Get Famous in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    Even though I love the realistic side of the Sims universe, it’s exciting to take a dip into a lavish lifestyle. Fortunately, the Get Famous expansion pack indulges in this way of living, making you feel like a true celebrity. You’ll see Sims fawning over your character and unlock a sparkling effect around them to enhance your affluence more.
    The acting career can also be fun to play through, and it will gradually get better the more you rise to fame. By the end of it, you’ll find yourself being the king or queen of the town where everyone wants to know your name.

    4. For Rent

    For Rent in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    The newest Sims 4 expansion pack, For Rent, introduced a much-awaited feature almost every Sim has asked for with multi-unit living. In all these years, homes have been restricted with a family-size limit, and now, you’ll be able to make a whole town using a single lot alone (maybe it’ll be squished together, but at least it’s possible.)

    Tenants and Property Owners have joined alongside this new gameplay system, giving you more tasks to do around the house. We also can’t forget about the Southeast Asian-inspired content that For Rent brought to the table as the franchise expands to more cultures in an incredibly unique way.

    3. Growing Together

    Growing Together in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    Everything from the Get Together pack was taken a step further in the Growing Together expansion, creating social dynamics within the family. Rather than having a strictly positive or negative relationship with someone, you’ll be able to trigger different companionships, such as Jokester, Close, and Strict.

    In particular, if your Sims share a Jokester dyanimic, they’ll goof around whenever they are near each other, creating much more impactful moments between the household. Compatibilities and more social interactions were also added to the game for even more realism, which could either lead to a sentimental conversation or chaotic fight.

    2. Seasons

    Seasons in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    Seasons has basically become a must-have expansion pack that every Simmer needs. If you’ve solely played the base game, you’ll notice that many things stays the same, with the exception of Sim aging. On the other hand, Seasons changes the world around you regarding to weather, holiday content, and seasonal activities.

    It’s much more satisfying when time moves along in this depiction, as opposed to the somewhat stand-still version in the base game. The pack will give you something to look forward to throughout the Sim years, and it also provides you with a Gardening career if you’ve got a green thumb.

    1. Cottage Living

    Cottage Living in Sims 4
    Image Source: Maxis Studios

    If there’s one expansion pack that every Simmer agrees on, it would definitely be Cottage Living. It’s the true embodiment of living off the land using all the natural resources around Henford-on-Bagley. Coupled with that, the aesthetic of the world and the Build Mode items complement the environment very well, upping the coziness factor that the Sims franchise is known for.

    Not only will you get lost in customization, but there’s also so much to do with the wide variety of content. Simmers will undoubtedly have more than enough to explore, from stitching to jam-making to gardening, especially when your hard work pays off.

    But just when you think that’s all, Cottage Living has another bonus of animal care, adding in llamas, cows, and chickens. With all this in mind, you can see why it’s a stand-out pack through its abundance of content.

    About the author

    Haley MacLean

    Video games are a true unification of art and technology, and Haley was amped to be able to write about them during her tenure at Twinfinite. A lover of all things Nintendo, obsessed with narrative driven games, and hopes the couch co-op genre makes a return soon. BA/BJ/MJ from University of King’s College, NS, Canada.
    Haley was a Staff Writer for Twinfinite from 2016 to 2021 with a focus on covering all things The Sims and Nintendo.

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    Haley MacLean

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