The U.S. Justice Department on Tuesday sued Visa, the world’s biggest payments network, saying it propped up an illegal monopoly over debit payments by imposing “exclusionary” agreements on partners and smothering upstart firms.
Visa’s moves over the years have resulted in American consumers and merchants paying billions of dollars in additional fees, according to the DOJ, which filed a civil antitrust suit in New York for “monopolization” and other unlawful conduct.
“We allege that Visa has unlawfully amassed the power to extract fees that far exceed what it could charge in a competitive market,” Attorney General Merrick Garland said in a DOJ release.
“Merchants and banks pass along those costs to consumers, either by raising prices or reducing quality or service,” Garland said. “As a result, Visa’s unlawful conduct affects not just the price of one thing — but the price of nearly everything.”
Visa and its smaller rival Mastercard have surged over the past two decades, reaching a combined market cap of roughly $1 trillion, as consumers tapped credit and debit cards for store purchases and e-commerce instead of paper money. They are essentially toll collectors, shuffling payments between banks operating for the merchants and for cardholders.
Visa called the DOJ suit “meritless.”
“Anyone who has bought something online, or checked out at a store, knows there is an ever-expanding universe of companies offering new ways to pay for goods and services,” said Visa general counsel Julie Rottenberg.
“Today’s lawsuit ignores the reality that Visa is just one of many competitors in a debit space that is growing, with entrants who are thriving,” Rottenberg said. “We are proud of the payments network we have built, the innovation we advance, and the economic opportunity we enable.”
More than 60% of debit transactions in the U.S. run over Visa rails, helping it charge more than $7 billion annually in processing fees, according to the DOJ complaint.
The payment networks’ decades-old dominance has increasingly attracted attention from regulators and retailers.
In 2020, the DOJ filed an antitrust suit to block Visa from acquiring fintech company Plaid. The companies initially said they would fight the action, but soon abandoned the $5.3 billion takeover.
In March, Visa and Mastercard agreed to limit their fees and let merchants charge customers for using credit cards, a deal retailers said was worth $30 billion in savings over a half decade. A federal judge later rejected the settlement, saying the networks could afford to pay for a “substantially greater” deal.
In its complaint, the DOJ said Visa threatens merchants and their banks with punitive rates if they route a “meaningful share” of debit transactions to competitors, helping maintain Visa’s network moat. The contracts help insulate three-quarters of Visa’s debit volume from fair competition, the DOJ said.
“Visa wields its dominance, enormous scale, and centrality to the debit ecosystem to impose a web of exclusionary agreements on merchants and banks,” the DOJ said in its release. “These agreements penalize Visa’s customers who route transactions to a different debit network or alternative payment system.”
Furthermore, when faced with threats, Visa “engaged in a deliberate and reinforcing course of conduct to cut off competition and prevent rivals from gaining the scale, share, and data necessary to compete,” the DOJ said.
The moves also tamped down innovation, according to the DOJ. Visa pays competitors hundreds of millions of dollars annually “to blunt the risk they develop innovative new technologies that could advance the industry but would otherwise threaten Visa’s monopoly profits,” according to the complaint.
Visa has agreements with tech players including Apple, PayPal and Square, turning them from potential rivals to partners in a way that hurts the public, the DOJ said.
For instance, Visa chose to sign an agreement with a predecessor to the Cash App product to ensure that the company, later rebranded Block, did not create a bigger threat to Visa’s debit rails.
A Visa manager was quoted as saying “we’ve got Square on a short leash and our deal structure was meant to protect against disintermediation,” according to the complaint.
Visa has an agreement with Apple in which the tech giant says it will not directly compete with the payment network “such as creating payment functionality that relies primarily on non-Visa payment processes,” the complaint alleged.
The DOJ asked for the courts to prevent Visa from a range of anticompetitive practices, including fee structures or service bundles that discourage new entrants.
The move comes in the waning months of President Joe Biden‘s administration, in which regulators including the Federal Trade Commission and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau have sued middlemen for drug prices and pushed back against so-called junk fees.
In February, credit card lender Capital One announced its acquisition of Discover Financial, a $35.3 billion deal predicated in part on Capital One’s ability to bolster Discover’s also-ran payments network, a distant No. 4 behind Visa, Mastercard and American Express.
Capital One said once the deal is closed, it will switch all its debit card volume and a growing share of credit card volume to Discover over time, making it a more viable competitor to Visa and Mastercard.
British financial technology firm Zilch on Tuesday reported its first-ever month of profit, marking a key milestone for the company as it looks toward an eventual initial public offering.
In a trading update, Zilch, which competes with the likes of Klarna and Block in the buy now, pay later space, said that it made an operating profit in July 2024, hitting profitability within four years of its founding date — faster than other major consumer fintechs that have also managed to break even.
Competitors Starling and Monzo, meanwhile, took more than three and four years to make their first profit, respectively. Others have managed to hit profitability faster. Digital banking startup Revolut, for example, broke even for the first time just two years after its launch.
Zilch also said it topped £100 million ($130 million) in annual revenue run rate, doubling from the run rate it reported last year.
Philip Belamant, Zilch’s CEO and co-founder, told CNBC Tuesday that, despite the current high-interest rate environment, the firm was able to hit profitability by growing its business rather than cutting back like other fintechs have done.
“If you think of the last two and a half, three years, a lot of VC-backed companies, especially high growth fintech businesses have had to cut their way to get to profitability. And some of those have actually cut so far they went bust along the way,” Belamant told CNBC’s “Squawk Box Europe.”
“It’s not been easy. And, for Zilch, we took a different approach. We looked at this and said let’s grow our way to profitability,” Belamant added.
Separately Tuesday, Zilch announced the appointment of former Aviva CEO Mark Wilson to its board. Wilson, who was made a non-executive director, said he was “excited” to join the firm at a critical juncture and “further help Zilch steer its path toward sustainable success as a category leader.”
Zilch’s CEO Belamant told CNBC in June that he wants to list the business publicly in the next 12 to 24 months. That same month, the company announced that it had raised $125 million of initial debt financing from Deutsche Bank.
That deal, which gives Zilch the option to draw down up to $315 million of credit from both Deutsche Bank and other banks, is expected to help the company triple its overall sales volumes in the next couple of years, according to the firm.
Klarna, which Zilch competes with in the U.K., is also planning a stock market flotation in the medium term, with its CEO Sebastian Siemiatkowski having previously told CNBC it wouldn’t be “impossible” for the firm to list as soon as this year.
“Buy-now, pay-later” firm Klarna aims to return to profit by summer 2023.
Jakub Porzycki | NurPhoto | Getty Images
Klarna said it posted a profit in the first half of the year, swinging into the black from a loss last year as the buy now, pay later pioneer edges closer toward its hotly anticipated stock market debut.
In results published Tuesday, Klarna said that it made an adjusted operating profit of 673 million Swedish krona ($66.1 million) in the six months through June 2024, up from a loss of 456 million krona in the same period a year ago. Revenue, meanwhile, grew 27% year-on-year to 13.3 billion krona.
On a net income basis, Klarna reported a 333 million Swedish krona loss. However, Klarna cites adjusted operating income as its primary metric for profitability as it better reflects “underlying business activity.”
Klarna is one of the biggest players in the so-called buy now, pay later sector. Alongside peers PayPal, Block‘s Afterpay, and Affirm, these companies give consumers the option to pay for purchases via interest-free monthly installments, with merchants covering the cost of service via transaction fees.
Sebastian Siemiatkowski, Klarna’s CEO and co-founder, said the company saw strong revenue growth in the U.S. in particular, where sales jumped 38% thanks to a ramp-up in merchant onboarding.
“Klarna’s massive global network continues to expand rapidly, with millions of new consumers joining and 68k new merchant partners,” Siemiatkowski said in a statement Tuesday.
The company achieved its adjusted operating profit “by focusing on sustainable, profitable growth and leveraging AI to lower costs,” he added.
Klarna has been one of the forerunners in the corporate world when it comes to touting the benefits of using AI to increase productivity and cut operating costs.
On Tuesday, the company said that its average revenue per employee over the previous twelve months increased 73% year-over-year, to 7 million Swedish krona.
It comes as Klarna tries to pitch itself as a primary banking provider for clients as it approaches a much-anticipated initial public offering.
The move highlighted how Klarna is looking to diversify beyond its core buy now, pay later product, for which it is primarily known.
Klarna has yet to set a fixed timeline for the stock market listing, which is widely expected to be held in the U.S.
However, in an interview with CNBC’s “Closing Bell” in February, Siemiatkowski said an IPO this year was “not impossible.”
“We still have a few steps and work ahead of ourselves,” he said. “But we’re keen on becoming a public company.”
Separately, Klarna earlier this year offloaded its proprietary checkout technology business, which allows merchants to offer online payments, to a consortium of investors led by Kamjar Hajabdolahi, CEO and founding partner of Swedish venture capital firm BLQ Invest.
The move, which Klarna called a “strategic” step, effectively removed competition for rival online checkout services including Stripe, Adyen, Block, and Checkout.com.
Natasha Craft, a 25-year-old FedEx driver from Mishawaka, Indiana. She has been locked out of her Yotta banking account since May 11.
Courtesy: Natasha Craft
When Natasha Craft first got a Yotta banking account in 2021, she loved using it so much she told her friends to sign up.
The app made saving money fun and easy, and Craft, a now 25-year-old FedEx driver from Mishawaka, Indiana, was busy getting her financial life in order and planning a wedding. Craft had her wages deposited directly into a Yotta account and used the startup’s debit card to pay for all her expenses.
The app — which gamifies personal finance with weekly sweepstakes and other flashy features — even occasionally covered some of her transactions.
“There were times I would go buy something and get that purchase for free,” Craft told CNBC.
Today, her entire life savings — $7,006 — is locked up in a complicated dispute playing out in bankruptcy court, online forums like Reddit and regulatory channels. And Yotta, an array of other startups and their banks have been caught in a moment of reckoning for the fintech industry.
For customers, fintech promised the best of both worlds: The innovation, ease of use and fun of the newest apps combined with the safety of government-backed accounts held at real banks.
The startups prominently displayed protections afforded by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., lending credibility to their novel offerings. After all, since its 1934 inception, no depositor “has ever lost a penny of FDIC-insured deposits,” according to the agency’s website.
But the widening fallout over the collapse of a fintech middleman called Synapse has revealed that promise of safety as a mirage.
Starting May 11, more than 100,000 Americans with $265 million in deposits were locked out of their accounts. Roughly 85,000 of those customers were at Yotta alone, according to the startup’s co-founder, Adam Moelis.
CNBC reached out to fintech customers whose lives have been upended by the Synapse debacle.
They come from all walks and stages of life, from Craft, the Indiana FedEx driver; to the owner of a chain of preschools in Oakland, California; a talent analyst for Disney living in New York City; and a computer engineer in Santa Barbara, California. A high school teacher in Maryland. A parent in Bristol, Connecticut, who opened an account for his daughter. A social worker in Seattle saving up for dental work after Adderall abuse ruined her teeth.
Since Yotta, like most popular fintech apps, wasn’t itself a bank, it relied on partner institutions including Tennessee-based Evolve Bank & Trust to offer checking accounts and debit cards. In between Yotta and Evolve was a crucial middleman, Synapse, keeping track of balances and monitoring fraud.
Founded in 2014 by a first-time entrepreneur named Sankaet Pathak, Synapse was a player in the “banking-as-a-service” segment alongside companies like Unit and Synctera. Synapse helped customer-facing startups like Yotta quickly access the rails of the regulated banking industry.
It had contracts with 100 fintech companies and 10 million end users, according to an April court filing.
Until recently, the BaaS model was a growth engine that seemed to benefit everybody. Instead of spending years and millions of dollars trying to acquire or become banks, startups got quick access to essential services they needed to offer. The small banks that catered to them got a source of deposits in a time dominated by giants like JPMorgan Chase.
But in May, Synapse, in the throes of bankruptcy, turned off a critical system that Yotta’s bank used to process transactions. In doing so, it threw thousands of Americans into financial limbo, and a growing segment of the fintech industry into turmoil.
“There is a reckoning underway that involves questions about the banking-as-a-service model,” said Michele Alt, a former lawyer for the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and a current partner at consulting firm Klaros Group. She believes the Synapse failure will prove to be an “aberration,” she added.
The most popular finance apps in the country, including Block’s Cash App, PayPal and Chime, partner with banks instead of owning them. They account for 60% of all new fintech account openings, according to data provider Curinos. Block and PayPal are publicly traded; Chime is expected to launch an IPO next year.
Block, PayPal and Chime didn’t provide comment for this article.
While industry experts say those firms have far more robust ledgering and daily reconciliation abilities than Synapse, they may still be riskier than direct bank relationships, especially for those relying on them as a primary account.
“If it’s your spending money, you need to be dealing directly with a bank,” Scott Sanborn, CEO of LendingClub, told CNBC. “Otherwise, how do you, as a consumer, know if the conditions are met to get FDIC coverage?”
Sanborn knows both sides of the fintech divide: LendingClub started as a fintech lender that partnered with banks until it bought Boston-based Radius in early 2020 for $185 million, eventually becoming a fully regulated bank.
Scott Sanborn, LendingClub CEO
Getty Images
Sanborn said acquiring Radius Bank opened his eyes to the risks of the “banking-as-a-service” space. Regulators focus not on Synapse and other middlemen, but on the banks they partner with, expecting them to monitor risks and prevent fraud and money laundering, he said.
But many of the tiny banks running BaaS businesses like Radius simply don’t have the personnel or resources to do the job properly, Sanborn said. He shuttered most of the lender’s fintech business as soon as he could, he says.
“We are one of those people who said, ‘Something bad is going to happen,'” Sanborn said.
A spokeswoman for the Financial Technology Association, a Washington, D.C.-based trade group representing large players including Block, PayPal and Chime, said in a statement that it is “inaccurate to claim that banks are the only trusted actors in financial services.”
“Consumers and small businesses trust fintech companies to better meet their needs and provide more accessible, affordable, and secure services than incumbent providers,” the spokeswoman said.
“Established fintech companies are well-regulated and work with partner banks to build strong compliance programs that protect consumer funds,” she said. Furthermore, regulators ought to take a “risk-based approach” to supervising fintech-bank partnerships, she added.
The implications of the Synapse disaster may be far-reaching. Regulators have already been moving to punish the banks that provide services to fintechs, and that will undoubtedly continue. Evolve itself was reprimanded by the Federal Reserve last month for failing to properly manage its fintech partnerships.
In a post-Synapse update, the FDIC made it clear that the failure of nonbanks won’t trigger FDIC insurance, and that even when fintechs partner with banks, customers may not have their deposits covered.
The FDIC’s exact language about whether fintech customers are eligible for coverage: “The short answer is: it depends.”
While their circumstances all differed vastly, each of the customers CNBC spoke to for this story had one thing in common: They thought the FDIC backing of Evolve meant that their funds were safe.
“For us, it just felt like they were a bank,” the Oakland preschool owner said of her fintech provider, a tuition processor called Curacubby. “You’d tell them what to bill, they bill it. They’d communicate with parents, and we get the money.”
The 62-year-old business owner, who asked CNBC to withhold her name because she didn’t want to alarm employees and parents of her schools, said she’s taken out loans and tapped credit lines after $236,287 in tuition was frozen in May.
Now, the prospect of selling her business and retiring in a few years seems much further out.
“I’m assuming I probably won’t see that money,” she said, “And if I do, how long is it going to take?”
When Rick Davies, a 46-year-old lead engineer for a men’s clothing company that owns online brands including Taylor Stitch, signed up for an account with crypto app Juno, he says he “distinctly remembers” being comforted by seeing the FDIC logo of Evolve.
“It was front and center on their website,” Davies said. “They made it clear that it was Evolve doing the banking, which I knew as a fintech provider. The whole package seemed legit to me.”
He’s now had roughly $10,000 frozen for weeks, and says he’s become enraged that the FDIC hasn’t helped customers yet.
For Davies, the situation is even more baffling after regulators swiftly took action to seize Silicon Valley Bank last year, protecting uninsured depositors including tech investors and wealthy families in the process. His employer banked with SVB, which collapsed after clients withdrew deposits en masse, so he saw how fast action by regulators can head off distress.
“The dichotomy between the FDIC stepping in extremely quickly for San Francisco-based tech companies and their impotence in the face of this similar, more consumer-oriented situation is infuriating,” Davies said.
The key difference with SVB is that none of the banks linked with Synapse have failed, and because of that, the regulator hasn’t moved to help impacted users.
Consumers can be forgiven for not understanding the nuance of FDIC protection, said Alt, the former OCC lawyer.
“What consumers understood was, ‘This is as safe as money in the bank,'” Alt said. “But the FDIC insurance isn’t a pot of money to generally make people whole, it is there to make depositors of a failed bank whole.”
For the customers involved in the Synapse mess, the worst-case scenario is playing out.
While some customers have had funds released in recent weeks, most are still waiting. Those later in line may never see a full payout: There is a shortfall of up to $96 million in funds that are owed to customers, according to the court-appointed bankruptcy trustee.
That’s because of Synapse’s shoddy ledgers and its system of pooling users’ money across a network of banks in ways that make it difficult to reconstruct who is owed what, according to court filings.
The situation is so tangled that Jelena McWilliams, a former FDIC chairman now acting as trustee over the Synapse bankruptcy, has said that finding all the customer money may be impossible.
Despite weeks of work, there appears to be little progress toward fixing the hardest part of the Synapse mess: Users whose funds were pooled in “for benefit of,” or FBO, accounts. The technique has been used by brokerages for decades to give wealth management customers FDIC coverage on their cash, but its use in fintech is more novel.
“If it’s in an FBO account, you don’t even know who the end customer is, you just have this giant account,” said LendingClub’s Sanborn. “You’re trusting the fintech to do the work.”
While McWilliams has floated a partial payment to end users weeks ago, an idea that has support from Yotta co-founder Moelis and others, that hasn’t happened yet. Getting consensus from the banks has proven difficult, and the bankruptcy judge has openly mused about which regulator or body of government can force them to act.
The case is “uncharted territory,” Judge Martin Barash said, and because depositors’ funds aren’t the property of the Synapse estate, Barash said it wasn’t clear what his court could do.
Evolve has said in filings that it has “great pause” about making any payments until a full reconciliation happens. It has further said that Synapse ledgers show that nearly all of the deposits held for Yotta were missing, while Synapse has said that Evolve holds the funds.
“I don’t know who’s right or who’s wrong,” Moelis told CNBC. “We know how much money came into the system, and we are certain that that’s the correct number. The money doesn’t just disappear; it has to be somewhere.”
In the meantime, the former Synapse CEO and Evolve have had an eventful few weeks.
Pathak, who dialed into early bankruptcy hearings while in Santorini, Greece, has since been attempting to raise funds for a new robotics startup, using marketing materials with misleading claims about its ties with automaker General Motors.
And only days after being censured by the Federal Reserve about its management of technology partners, Evolve was attacked by Russian hackers who posted user data from an array of fintech firms, including Social Security numbers, to a dark web forum for criminals.
For customers, it’s mostly been a waiting game.
Craft, the Indiana FexEx driver, said she had to borrow money from her mother and grandmother for expenses. She worries about how she’ll pay for catering at her upcoming wedding.
“We were led to believe that our money was FDIC-insured at Yotta, as it was plastered all over the website,” Craft said. “Finding out that what FDIC really means, that was the biggest punch to the gut.”
She now has an account at Chase, the largest and most profitable American bank in history.
Customers shop in a Walmart Supercenter on February 20, 2024 in Hallandale Beach, Florida.
Joe Raedle | Getty Images News | Getty Images
Walmart’s majority-owned fintech startup One has begun offering buy now, pay later loans for big-ticket items at some of the retailer’s more than 4,600 U.S. stores, CNBC has learned.
The move puts One in direct competition with Affirm, the BNPL leader and exclusive provider of installment loans for Walmart customers since 2019. It’s a relationship that the Bentonville, Arkansas, retailer expanded recently, introducing Affirm as a payment option at Walmart self-checkout kiosks.
It also likely signals that a battle is brewing in the store aisles and ecommerce portals of America’s largest retailer. At stake is the role of a wide spectrum of players, from fintech firms to card companies and established banks.
One’s push into lending is the clearest sign yet of its ambition to become a financial superapp, a mobile one-stop shop for saving, spending and borrowing money.
Since it burst onto the scene in 2021, luring Goldman Sachs veteran Omer Ismail as CEO, the fintech startup has intrigued and threatened a financial landscape dominated by banks — and poached talent from more established lenders and payments firms.
But the company, based out of a cramped Manhattan WeWork space, has operated mostly in stealth mode while developing its early products, including a debit account released in 2022.
Now, One is going head-to-head with some of Walmart’s existing partners like Affirm who helped the retail giant generate $648 billion in revenue last year.
Walmart’s Fintech startup One is now offering BNPL loans in Secaucus, New Jersey.
Hugh Son | CNBC
On a recent visit by CNBC to a New Jersey Walmart location, ads for both One and Affirm vied for attention among the Apple products and Android smartphones in the store’s electronics section.
Offerings from both One and Affirm were available at checkout, and loans from either provider were available for purchases starting at around $100 and costing as much as several thousand dollars at an annual interest rate of between 10% to 36%, according to their respective websites.
Electronics, jewelry, power tools and automotive accessories are eligible for the loans, while groceries, alcohol and weapons are not.
Buy now, pay later has gained popularity with consumers for everyday items as well as larger purchases. From January through March of this year, BNPL drove $19.2 billion in online spending, according to Adobe Analytics. That’s a 12% year-over-year increase.
Walmart and One declined to comment for this article.
One’s expanding role at Walmart raises the possibility that the company could force Affirm, Capital One and other third parties out of some of the most coveted partnerships in American retail, according to industry experts.
“I have to imagine the goal is to have all this stuff, whether it’s a credit card, buy now, pay later loans or remittances, to have it all unified in an app under a single brand, delivered online and through Walmart’s physical footprint,” said Jason Mikula, a consultant formerly employed at Goldman’s consumer division.
Affirm declined to comment about its Walmart partnership. Shares of Affirm climbed 2% Tuesday, rebounding after falling more than 8% in premarket activity.
For Walmart, One is part of its broader effort to develop new revenue sources beyond its retail stores in areas including finance and health care, following rival Amazon’s playbook with cloud computing and streaming, among other segments. Walmart’s newer businesses have higher margins than retail and are a part of its plan to grow profits faster than sales.
In February, Walmart said it was buying TV maker Vizio for $2.3 billion to boost its advertising business, another growth area for the retailer.
When it comes to finance, One is just Walmart’s latest attempt to break into the banking business. Starting in the 1990s, Walmart made repeated efforts to enter the industry through direct ownership of a banking arm, each time getting blocked by lawmakers and industry groups concerned that a “Bank of Walmart” would crush small lenders and squeeze big ones.
To sidestep those concerns, Walmart adopted a more arms-length approach this time around. For One, the retailer created a joint venture with investment firm firm Ribbit Capital — known for backing fintech firms including Robinhood, Credit Karma and Affirm — and staffed the business with executives from across finance.
Walmart has not disclosed the size of its investment in One.
The startup has said that it makes decisions independent of Walmart, though its board includes Walmart U.S. CEO, John Furner, and its finance chief, John David Rainey.
One doesn’t have a banking license, but partners with Coastal Community Bank for the debit card and installment loans.
After its failed early attempts in banking, Walmart pursued a partnership strategy, teaming up with a constellation of providers, including Capital One, Synchrony, MoneyGram, Green Dot, and more recently, Affirm. Leaning on partners, the retailer opened thousands of physical MoneyCenter locations within its stores to offer check cashing, sending and receiving payments, and tax services.
But Walmart and One executives have made no secret of their ambition to become a major player in financial services by leapfrogging existing players with a clean-slate effort.
One’s no-fee approach is especially relevant to low- and middle-income Americans who are “underserved financially,” Rainey, a former PayPal executive, noted during a December conference.
“We see a lot of that customer demographic, so I think it gives us the ability to participate in this space in maybe a way that others don’t,” Rainey said. “We can digitize a lot of the services that we do physically today. One is the platform for that.”
One could generate roughly $1.6 billion in annual revenue from debit cards and lending in the near term, and more than $4 billion if it expands into investing and other areas, according to Morgan Stanley.
Walmart can use its scale to grow One in other ways. It is the largest private employer in the U.S. with about 1.6 million employees, and it already offers its workers early access to wages if they sign up for a corporate version of One.
There are signs that One is making a deeper push into lending beyond installment loans.
Walmart recently prevailed in a legal dispute with Capital One, allowing the retailer to end its credit-card partnership years ahead of schedule. Walmart sued Capital One last year, alleging that its exclusive partnership with the card issuer was void after it failed to live up to contractual obligations around customer service, assertions that Capital One denied.
The lawsuit led to speculation that Walmart intends to have One take over management of the retailer’s co-branded and store cards. In fact, in legal filings Capital One itself alleged that Walmart’s rationale was less about servicing complaints and more about moving transactions to a company it owns.
“Upon information and belief, Walmart intends to offer its branded credit cards through One in the future,” Capital One said last year in response to Walmart’s suit. “With One, Walmart is positioning itself to compete directly with Capital One to provide credit and payment products to Walmart customers.”
A Capital One Walmart credit card sign is seen at a store in Mountain View, California, United States on Tuesday, November 19, 2019.
Yichuan Cao | Nurphoto | Getty Images
Capital One said last month that it could appeal the decision. The company declined to comment further.
Meanwhile, Walmart said last year when its lawsuit became public that it would soon announce a new credit card option with “meaningful benefits and rewards.”
One has obtained lending licenses that allow it to operate in nearly every U.S. state, according to filings and its website. The company’s app tells users that credit building and credit score monitoring services are coming soon.
And while One’s expansion threatens to supersede Walmart’s existing financial partners, Walmart’s efforts could also be seen as defensive.
Fintech players including Block’s Cash App, PayPal and Chime dominate account growth among people who switch bank accounts and have made inroads with Walmart’s core demographic. The three services made up 60% of digital player signups last year, according to data and consultancy firm Curinos.
But One has the advantage of being majority owned by a company whose customers make more than 200 million visits a week.
It can offer them enticements including 3% cashback on Walmart purchases and a savings account that pays 5% interest annually, far higher than most banks, according to customer emails from One.
Those terms keep customers spending and saving within the Walmart ecosystem and helps the retailer better understand them, Morgan Stanley analysts said in a 2022 research note.
“One has access to Walmart’s sizable and sticky customer base, the largest in retail,” the analysts wrote. “This captive and underserved customer base gives One a leg up vs. other fintechs.”
Capital One’s recently announced $35.3 billion acquisition of Discover Financial isn’t just about getting bigger â gaining “scale” in Wall Street-speak â it’s a bid to protect itself against a rising tide of fintech and regulatory threats.
It’s a chess move by one of the savviest long-term thinkers in American finance, Capital One CEO Richard Fairbank. As a co-founder of a top 10 U.S. bank by assets, his tenure is a rarity in a banking world dominated by institutions like JPMorgan Chase that trace their origins to shortly after the signing of the Declaration of Independence.
Fairbank, who became a billionaire by building Capital One into a credit card giant since its 1994 IPO, is betting that buying rival card company Discover will better position the company for global payments’ murky future. The industry is a dynamic web where players of all stripes â from traditional banks to fintech players and tech giants â are all seeking to stake out a corner in a market worth trillions of dollars by eating into incumbents’ share amid the rapid growth of e-commerce and digital payments.
“This deal gives the company a stronger hand to battle other banks, fintechs and big tech companies,” said Sanjay Sakhrani, the veteran KBW retail finance analyst. “The more that they can separate themselves from the pack, the more they can future-proof themselves.”
The deal, if approved, enables Capital One to leapfrog JPMorgan as the biggest credit card company by loans, and solidifies its position as the third largest by purchase volume. It also adds heft to Capital One’s banking operations with $109 billion in total deposits from Discover’s digital bank and helps the combined entity shave $1.5 billion in expenses by 2027.
But it’s Discover’s payments network â the “rails” that shuffle digital dollars between consumers and merchants, collecting tolls along the way â that Fairbank repeatedly praised Tuesday when analysts queried him on the strategic merits of the deal. There are only four major card networks: giants Visa and Mastercard, then American Express and finally the smallest of the group, Discover.
Capital One and Discover credit cards arranged in Germantown, New York, US, on Tuesday, Feb. 20, 2024.Â
Angus Mordant | Bloomberg | Getty Images
“That network is a very, very rare asset,” Fairbank said. “We have always had a belief that the Holy Grail is to be able to be an issuer with one’s own network so that one can deal directly with merchants.”
From the time of Capital One’s founding in the late 1980s, Fairbank said, he envisioned creating a global digital payments tech company by owning the payment rails and dealing directly with merchants. In the decades since, Capital One has been ahead of stodgier banks, gaining a reputation in tech circles for being forward-thinking and for its early adoption of cloud computing and agile software development.
But its growth has relied on Visa and Mastercard, which accounted for the vast majority of payment volumes last year, processing nearly $10 trillion in the U.S. between them.
Capital One intends to boost the Discover network, which carried $550 billion in transactions last year, by quickly switching all of its debit volume there, as well as a growing share of its credit card flows over time.
By 2027, the bank expects to add at least $175 billion in payments and 25 million of its cardholders onto the Discover network.
The true potential of the Discover deal, though, is what it allows Capital One to do in the future if it owns the toll road, according to analysts.
By creating an end-to-end ecosystem that is more of a closed loop between shoppers and merchants, it could fend off competition from rapidly mutating fintech players like Block and PayPal, as well as buy now, pay later firms like Affirm and Klarna, who have made inroads with both businesses and consumers.
Capital One aims to deepen relationships with merchants by showing them how to boost sales, helping them prevent fraud and providing data insights, Fairbank said Tuesday, all of which makes them harder to dislodge. It can use some of the network fees to create new loyalty plans, like debit rewards programs, or underwrite merchant incentives or experiences, according to analysts.
“Owning a network allows us to deal more directly with merchants rather than a network intermediary,” Fairbank told analysts. “We create more value for merchants, small businesses and consumers and capture the additional economics from vertical integration.”
It’s a capability that technology or fintech companies probably covet. The Discover network alone would be worth up to $6 billion if sold to Alphabet,Apple or Fiserv, Sakhrani wrote Tuesday in a research note.
The Capital One-Discover combination could fortify the company against another potential threat â from Washington.
Proposed legislation from Sen. Dick Durbin, D-Ill., aims to cap the fees charged by Visa and Mastercard, potentially blowing up the economics of credit card rewards programs. If that proposal becomes law, the competitive position of Discover’s network, which is exempt from the limitations, suddenly improves, according to Brian Graham, co-founder of advisory firm Klaros Group. That mirrors what an earlier law known as the Durbin amendment did for debit cards.
Chairman Dick Durbin (D-IL) speaks during a US Senate Judiciary Committee hearing regarding Supreme Court ethics reform, on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC, on May 2, 2023.
Mandel Ngan | AFP | Getty Images
“There are a bunch of things aimed, in one way or another, at the card networks and that ecosystem,” Graham said. “Those pressures might be one of the things that creates an opportunity for Capital One in the future if they have control over this network.”
The biggest question for Capital One, its customers and investors is whether the merger will ultimately be approved by regulators. While Fairbank said he expects the deal to be closed in late 2024 or early 2025, industry experts said it was impossible to know whether it will be blocked by regulators, like a string of high-profile takeovers among banks, airlines and tech companies.
On Tuesday, Democratic Sen. Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts urged regulators to swiftly block the deal, calling it “dangerous.” Sen. Sherrod Brown, D-Ohio, chairman of the Senate Banking Committee, said he would be watching the deal to “ensure that this merger doesn’t enrich shareholders and executives at the expense of consumers and small businesses.”
The Discover deal’s survival may hinge on whether it’s seen as boosting an also-ran payments network, or allowing an already-dominant card lender to level up in size â another reason Fairbank may have played up the importance of the network.
“Which thing you are more concerned about will define whether you think this is a good deal or a bad deal from a public policy point of view,” Graham said.
Jack Dorsey creator, co-founder, and Chairman of Twitter and co-founder & CEO of Square arrives on stage at the Bitcoin 2021 Convention, a crypto-currency conference held at the Mana Convention Center in Wynwood on June 04, 2021 in Miami, Florida.
Joe Raedle | Getty Images
Shares of fintech firm Block surged as much as 19% in after-hours trading Thursday, after the company reported third-quarter earnings that beat analyst estimates on the top and bottom line and showed strong growth in both Cash App and Square revenue.
Here’s how the company did, compared to an analyst consensus from LSEG, formerly Refinitiv:
Earnings per share: 55 cents, adjusted, vs. 47 cents expected
Revenue: $5.62 billion, vs. $5.44 billion expected
The company also hiked its guidance.
The company had previously guided to $1.5 billion in full-year adjusted EBITDA but now expects adjusted EBITDA to come in between $1.66 billion and $1.68 billion.
The company is guiding to adjusted full-year operating income of $205 million to $225 million, a sharp increase from prior guidance of $25 million. Analysts surveyed by LSEG had expected full-year revenue guidance to come in at $21.54 billion. The company didn’t provide full-year revenue guidance but did guide to $875 million in adjusted operating income for 2024.
Additionally, Block now expects 2023 gross profit ranging from $7.44 billion to $7.46 billion.
“In 2024 we expect a significant improvement in Adjusted Operating Income margin on a year-over-year basis in 2024 compared to 2023. Our outlook does not assume any additional macroeconomic deterioration, which could impact our results,” the company said in its shareholder letter.
During Q3, net revenue grew 24% year-over-year, from $4.52 billion to $5.62 billion. Bitcoin revenue climbed from $1.76 billion to $2.42 billion year-over-year. Gross profit climbed 21% compared to the year-ago period, from $1.57 billion to $1.90 billion.
Adjusted EBITDA came in at $477 million, compared to $327 million in the year-ago period. There was particularly strong growth in Block’s payment platform, Cash App, and its point-of-sale suite, Square. Cash App revenue was $3.58 billion, growing 34% year-over-year, while Square revenue grew 12% year-over-year to $1.98 billion.
“We’ve been quiet lately because we’ve been focused,” Block co-founder Jack Dorsey said in a letter to shareholders. Block was the target of a short-seller attack earlier this year which alleged its Cash App product facilitated fraud. “We want to thank all of you for your trust and continued belief in our work. We will work to balance that trust with accountability, some of which I hope this letter provides,” Dorsey’s letter concluded.
Dorsey said the company would focus on its go-to-market strategy, targeting local restaurants and services businesses to grow, and would refocus engineering talent using A.I. technology.
The deal, which is subject to regulatory approvals, marks a major push from Airwallex into Latin America.
Airwallex
Global fintech giant Airwallex on Thursday said it has agreed to acquire MexPago, a rival payments company based out of Mexico, for an undisclosed sum to help the firm expand its Latin America footprint.
The company, which competes with the likes of PayPal, Stripe, and Block, sells cross-border payment services to mainly small and medium-sized enterprises. Airwallex makes money by pocketing a fee each time a transaction is made.
The deal, which is subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions, marks a major push from Airwallex into Latin America, a market that has become more attractive for fintech firms thanks to a primarily younger population and increasing online penetration.
Jack Zhang, Airwallex’s CEO, said the company was looking at Mexico as something as a hedge as it deals with geopolitical and economic uncertainty going on between the U.S. and China.
“U.S. people export to Mexico to sell to the consumer there,” Zhang told CNBC. “Because of the supply chain, you can also export out of Mexico to other countries like the United States.”
“You get both the inflow and outflow of money,” he added. “That’s really what we like the most. We can take a global company to Mexico and also help the global companies making payments to the supply chain.”
U.S.-China trade tensions have escalated in recent years, as Washington seeks to address what it sees as China’s race to the bottom on trade.
China has sought to address these concerns, agreeing to “substantially reduce” the U.S. trade deficit by committing to “significantly increases” its purchases of American goods, although it’s struggled to make good on those commitments.
“Mexico is one of the largest populations in Latin America,” Zhang added. “As the trade war intensifies in China and the US, a lot is shifting from Asia to Mexico.”
“[Mexico] is very close to the U.S. Labour is cheaper compared to the U.S. domestically. A lot of the supply chain is shipping there. There’s a lot of opportunity from e-commerce as well.”
Airwallex operates around the world in markets including the U.S., Canada, China, the U.K., Australia, and Singapore. The Australia-founded company is the second-most valuable unicorn there, after design and presentations software startup Canva, which was last valued at $40 billion.
The company, whose customers include Papaya Global, Zip, Shein and Navan, processes more than $50 billion in a single year. It has also partnered with the likes of American Express, Shopify and Brex, to help it expand its services internationally.
It has been a tough environment for fintech companies to operate in lately, given how interest rates have risen sharply. That has made it more costly for startup firms to raise capital from investors.
For its part, Airwallex has raised more than $900 million in venture capital to date from investors including Salesforce Ventures, Sequoia, Tencent and Lone Pine Capital. The company was last valued at $5.6 billion.
At this stage we are still expanding against our mission, which is to enable those smaller businesses to operate anywhere in the world and keep building software on top.
Zhang said that the company is at a stage where it has reached enough maturity to consider an initial public offering — the company says it now processes more than $50 billion in annualized transactions. However, Airwallex won’t embark on the IPO route until it gets to a certain amount of annual revenue, Zhang added.
Zhang is targeting $100 million of annual recurring revenue (ARR) for its software business within the next year or two. Once Airwallex reaches this point, he says, it will then look at a public listing.
“At this stage we are still expanding against our mission, which is to enable those smaller businesses to operate anywhere in the world and keep building software on top … to protect our margins [and] grow our margins from a cost point of view, not just infrastructure,” Zhang said.
MexPago offers much of the same services as Airwallex — multi-currency accounts for small and medium-sized businesses, foreign exchange services, and payment processing — but there are a few more payment methods it has on offer which Airwallex doesn’t currently provide.
A big selling point of the MexPago deal, Zhang said, is the ability to obtain a regulatory license in Mexico without having to embark on a long process of applying with the central bank. The company has secured an Institution of Electronic Payment Funds (IFPE) license from MexPago.
That will allow Airwallex’s customers, both in Mexico and around the world, to gain access to local payment methods such as SPEI, Mexico’s interbank electronic payment system, and OXXO, a voucher-based payment method that lets shoppers order things online, get a voucher, and then fulfill their order with cash.
“The ability to access the license for the native infrastructure over there will give us a significant advantage with our global proposition,” Zhang told CNBC.
Airwallex has seen huge levels of growth in the Americas in the past year — the company reported a 460% jump in revenues there year-over-year.
Airwallex isn’t the only company seeing the potential in Latin America.
SumUp, the British payments company, has been active in Latin America since 2013, opening an office in Brazil back in 2013. The firm’s CFO Hermione McKee told CNBC in June at the Money 20/20 conference that it plans to ramp up its expansion in the region.
“We’ve had very strong success in Latin America, in particular, Chile recently,” McKee told CNBC in an interview.
“We are looking at launching new countries over the coming months.”
More than 156 million people in Latin America and the Caribbean are between the ages of 15 and 29, accounting for over a fourth of its population. These consumers tend to be more digital-native and mistrusting of established banks.
Correction: This story has been amended to reflect the fact that Jack Zhang is CEO of Airwallex. A previous version of this story misstated his title.
As equities soared in 2020 and consumers flocked to trading apps like Robinhood, Apple and Goldman Sachs were working on an investing feature that would let consumers buy and sell stocks, according to three people familiar with the plans.
The project was shelved last year as the markets turned south, said the sources, who asked not to be named because they weren’t authorized to speak on the matter.
The effort, which has not been previously reported, would have added to Apple’s suite of financial products powered by Goldman. Apple first teamed up with the Wall Street bank to offer a credit card in 2019, and then added buy now, pay later (BNPL) loans and a high-yield savingsaccount. The company said last month that the savings account offering had climbed past $10 billion in user deposits.
Representatives for Apple and Goldman declined to comment.
Apple CEO Tim Cook holds a new iPhone 15 Pro during the ‘Wonderlust’ event at the company’s headquarters in Cupertino, California, U.S. September 12, 2023.
Loren Elliott | Reuters
Apple was working on the investing feature at a time of zero interest rates during Covid, when consumers were stuck at home and spending more of their time and their record savings in trading shares, including meme stocks like GameStop and AMC, from their smartphones.
Apple’s conversations with Goldman began during that hype cycle in 2020, two sources said. Their work progressed, and an Apple investing feature was meant to roll out in 2022. One hypothetical use case pitched by executives involved the ability for iPhone users with extra cash to put money into Apple shares, one person said.
But as markets were roiled by higher rates and soaring inflation, the Apple team feared user backlash if people lost money in the stock market with the assistance of an Apple product, the sources said. That’s when the iPhone maker and Goldman switched directions and pushed the plan to launch savings accounts, which benefit from higher rates.
The status of the stock-trading project is unclear after Goldman CEO David Solomon bowed to internal and external pressure and decided to retrench from nearly all of the bank’s consumer efforts. One source said the infrastructure for an investing feature is mostly built and ready to go should Apple eventually decide to move forward with it.
The Apple Card launched with much fanfare three years ago, but the business brought regulatory heat and racked up losses as its user base expanded. Earlier this year, Goldman rolled out a high-interest savings account for Apple Card users, offering a 4.15% annual percentage yield.
Goldman was also central to Apple’s BNPL offering. The product, called Apple Pay Later, can be used for purchases of $50 to $100 “at most websites and apps that accept Apple Pay,” according to the support page. Borrowers can split a purchase into four payments over six weeks without incurring interest or fees.
Before Goldman’s pivot away from retail banking, the company examined ways to expand its partnership with Apple, sources said. More recently, Goldman was in discussions to offload both its card and savings account to American Express.
Had plans for the trading app progressed, Apple would have entered a market with stiff competition, featuring the likes of Robinhood, SoFi and Block’s Square, along with traditional brokerage firms such as Charles Schwab and Morgan Stanley’s E-Trade.
Stock trading has become another way for financial firms to keep customers and drive engagement on their platforms. Apple was pursuing the same approach, one source said. It’s a move that could capture the interest of regulators, who have scrutinized Apple for its App Store practices. Robinhood has also been grilled by regulators for what they described as “gamifying” markets.
Other tech companies have been pushing into the space. Elon Musk’s X, formerly known as Twitter, is working on a way to let users buy stocks and cryptocurrencies through a partnership with eToro. PayPalhad plans to launch stock trading after hiring a key industry executive in 2021. But the company abandoned those plans, and said on an earnings call that it would cut spending and refocus on its core e-commerce business.
Cathie Wood, CEO of Ark Invest, speaks during an interview on CNBC on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in New York City, February 27, 2023.
Brendan McDermid | Reuters
ARK Invest CEO Cathie Wood said she did not participate in Arm‘s blockbuster initial public offering last week because she finds the British chip designer was overvalued relative to its competitive position.
The initial buzz has since fizzled, with the stock suffering successive daily declines to end the Tuesday trade session at $55.17.
Speaking on CNBC’s “Squawk Box Europe” on Wednesday, Wood said the recent frenzy around AI-exposed companies was justified and that “innovation is undervalued given the enormous opportunities that we see ahead, catalyzed very importantly by artificial intelligence.”
“As far as Arm, I think there might be a little bit too much emphasis on AI when it comes to Arm and maybe not enough focus on the competitive dynamics out there,” she added.
Arm CEO Rene Haas and executives cheer, as Softbank’s Arm, chip design firm, holds an initial public offering (IPO) at Nasdaq Market site in New York, U.S., September 14, 2023.
Brendan Mcdermid | Reuters
“So we did not participate in that IPO, and we also compare it to the stocks in our portfolios. Arm came out, we think, from a valuation point of view on the high side, and we see within our portfolios much lower priced names with much more exposure to AI.”
After taking a beating during the recent cycle of aggressive interest rate hikes from the U.S. Federal Reserve, the ARK ETF resurged this year, as investors flocked to stocks with AI exposure. Wood said that the anticipation of interest rates peaking would further this trend.
“The appetite for innovation is stirring here, and I think one of the reasons is because many investors and analysts are starting to look over the interest rate hike moves we’ve seen, record breaking in the last year or so, and to the other side,” she explained.
With inflation coming down across major economies and with central banks expected to begin unwinding their aggressive monetary policy tightening over the next year, Wood suggested the coming period “should be a very good environment for innovation and global megatrend strategies.”
ARK Invest on Wednesday acquired British thematic ETF issuer Rize ETF for £5.25 million ($6.5 million), marking the company’s first venture into the European passive investment market.
Wood said that Europe has not had access to actually invest in the company’s U.S.-based ETFs until now, despite accounting for around 25% of demand for the company’s research since ARK’s inception in 2014.
“The cost of technology, especially with artificial intelligence now, is collapsing, and therefore it’s going to be much easier to build and scale tech companies anywhere in the world. This is no longer just the purview of Silicon Valley,” Wood said. “We are very open-minded about technologies flourishing throughout the world, including Europe.”
Block Inc.’s stock has been a sizable laggard this year, and now it’s losing the leader of a critical business — albeit one that hasn’t necessarily lived up to investor expectations lately.
Alyssa Henry, the head of Block’s SQ, -2.99%
Square merchant business, is stepping down after a long tenure with the company, and Jack Dorsey will assume her role while continuing to lead Block on the whole, the company announced in a Monday filing.
The announcement comes as Block shares have declined 18% so far this year, while the S&P 500 SPX
has risen 16%. Other payment-technology stocks, including Shift4 Payments Inc., FOUR, -0.54%
Toast Inc. TOST, +1.34%
and even PayPal Holdings Inc. PYPL, -1.98%
have logged better year-to-date performances.
Block’s stock closed at its lowest level since April 7, 2020 on Monday, according to Dow Jones Market Data. It was down about 2% in after-hours trading.
The stock is also down 82% from its all-time closing high achieved Aug. 5, 2021.
The performance of the Square merchant business, which includes payment processing and other tools for sellers, has been a sore point for investors recently. Wolfe Research analyst Darrin Peller notes that Block’s second-quarter U.S. gross payment volume (GPV) was up 10% from a year earlier, a four-point spread above Visa Inc.’s V, +1.49%
domestic growth. Historically, the spread has been in double digits, he said.
Additionally, while the 12% overall growth in Square’s GPV “continues to imply that Square is a market-share gainer, we note that this growth spread relative to the industry has trended lower and also suggests slightly softer growth trends versus competitors like Clover,” which is part of Fiserv Inc. FI, +0.12%,
whose shares are up 20% on the year.
“While some of Square’s success over the years should be attributed to Alyssa’s execution, the company’s more recent performance remains a concern for investors (and we suspect for management, internally),” Peller wrote.
He pointed to “mixed” feedback from investors thus far.
“Bulls argue that this change is positive, indicating that management is taking change seriously,” Peller said. “Further, it’s worth noting that Jack has been more receptive to cost management and other adjustments. Meanwhile, bears are citing that Alyssa was the ‘face’ of Seller and was more receptive to changes in Square’s business model compared to Jack (particularly around outsourced distribution).”
Block, for its part, said in its filing that Henry “provided significant contributions” to the company during a tenure that spanned more than nine years.
Co-founders Eddie Kim, Josh Reeves, and Tomer London of fintech startup Gusto, which handles payroll services for small businesses.
Courtesy: Kelly Boynton | Gusto
JPMorgan Chase is stepping up its appeal to small business customers by planning to offer digital payroll processing, CNBC has learned.
The bank has picked San Francisco-based fintech player Gusto to provide the underlying technology for the feature, according to Gusto CEO Josh Reeves.
“If you’re a customer of Chase payments solutions, you can go to payroll from the same exact place you do banking,” Reeves said. “It’s the same experience, with the same login and credentialing; all that stuff becomes easier when it’s in a one stop shop-type environment.”
JPMorgan, the biggest U.S. bank by assets, has poured billions of dollars into technology in recent years. It’s part of a larger battle for the loyalty of American retail and business customers as fintech players including PayPal and Square morph into do-everything providers that threaten traditional banks. Both companies have their own payroll services.
JPMorgan has previously rolled out fintech features, including a Square-like credit card reader for small businesses and early direct deposit for consumers.
When it came to payroll services — a universal chore for small business owners, some of whom still use paper checks to pay workers — JPMorgan decided to partner with Gusto rather than build its own solution.
A fintech partner like Gusto is better able to manage the complexity of offering payroll services nationally. There are nuances to individual states, cities and counties that make the sector difficult to crack, according to Reeves.
Using Gusto will help JPMorgan to speed its time to market for this service, which will go live by the end of 2024, according to a person with knowledge of the situation. The offering will disburse salaries to employees, generate tax documents and pay stubs, and file to local and national agencies.
JPMorgan has 5 million small business customers and more than 200,000 users of its payments-solutions offering, according to the person.
Gusto was founded in 2011 and serves 300,000 small and medium businesses. It was last valued at $9.6 billion. The startup competes with traditional and newer providers including ADP, Intuit, Paychex and Rippling.
Swedish buy now, pay later firm Klarna reduced its losses by roughly 67% in the first half of 2023, as the company dramatically cut costs in a bid toward profitability.
The company reported overall net operating income of 9.2 billion Swedish krona ($843.5 million), up 21% year-over-year. Failing to record a half-year profit, the firm posted a net loss of 2.1 billion Swedish krona for the period, down 67% from 6.4 billion krona between January to June 2022.
Klarna did, however, say that it recorded one month of profitability in the first half of the year, ahead of its internal target to post profit on a monthly basis in the second half.
Klarna CEO and founder Sebastian Siemiatkowski hailed the firm’s profitability milestone, saying that its results “clearly rebut the misconceptions around Klarna’s business model, evidencing that it is incredibly agile and sustainable,” and supporting a “healthy consumer base.”
“Some claimed Klarna would face difficulties in the tough macro-economic climate with high interest rates, but having led the company through the 2008 financial crisis I knew we had a strong and resilient business model to see us through. Despite the volatile environment, we have done exactly what we set out to do,” Siemiatkowski said.
Credit losses, a measure of how much the company sets aside for customer defaults, sank by 39% to 1.8 billion krona from 2.9 billion.
Buy now, pay later, or BNPL, firms allow shoppers to defer payments to a later date or purchase things over installments on interest-free credit.
These firms are able to offer zero-interest loans by charging merchants, rather than customers, a fee on each transaction — but as interest rates have risen, the BNPL funding model has been challenged.
Siemiatkowski previously told CNBC the company was planning to achieve profitability on a monthly basis in the second half of 2023, suggesting that an aggressive cost-cutting strategy in 2022 — which included hundreds of redundancies — had paid off.
Klarna cut 10% of its workforce in May last year.
“To some degree, all of us were lucky that we took that decision in May [2022] because, as we’ve been tracking the people who left Klarna behind, basically almost everyone got a job,” Siemiatkowski said at an interview in Helsinki, Finland, at the Slush technology conference last November.
“If we would have done that today, that probably unfortunately would not have been the case.”
Klarna said that cost optimization was a key factor behind its ability to churn out a monthly profit in the first half of the year.
The company said that operating expenses before credit losses improved by 26% year-on-year, thanks in part to its push into artificial intelligence.
Klarna said a recently-launched customer services feature “made solving merchant disputes for customers more efficient, saving over 60,000 hours annually.”
Like other fintech companies, Klarna has made a big push into AI lately, as it looks to capitalize on the growing boom in the industry’s growth, following the birth of OpenAI’s ChatGPT.
In April, the company revamped its app with a host of new personalized shopping features. It is trying to make the software similar to TikTok, which has a discovery feed for users to find content suited to their preferences.
David Sandstrom, Klarna’s chief marketing officer, told CNBC at the time that the aim was to “offer people products and brands before they knew they wanted them.”
Klarna last year saw 85% erased from its market value in a so-called “down round,” taking the company’s valuation down from $46 billion to $6.7 billion.
Some of the company’s peers, like PayPal, Affirm, and Block, also saw their shares plummet sharply amid a wider sell-off in technology valuations.
Klarna at the time blamed deteriorating macroeconomic conditions, including higher inflation, rising interest rates, and a shift in consumer sentiment.
What is it about CEOs and their intense — and often oddball — workout routines?
These days, some top corporate honchos take their exercise rituals to extremes. Consider Damola Adamolekun, chief executive officer of restaurant chain P.F. Chang’s, who recently told Fortune magazine that he wakes up each day at 4:30 a.m. and runs seven to eight miles. He explained that the routine stimulates his nervous system and sets the tone for the day ahead. “You’ll feel better the whole day; you’ll be smarter, you’ll be sharper, you’ll be more energetic,” he said.
Adamolekun is in good company when it comes to training hard. Here are how five other executives work up a sweat and aim to stay healthy.
Jack Dorsey, head of Block and co-founder of Twitter, walks an hour and 15 minutes every day.
AFP via Getty Images
Jack Dorsey
The Twitter co-founder, who now heads the tech conglomerate Block SQ, +3.36%, does it all: two-hour meditations, fasting — he has said he eats only once a day during the week and has almost no food on the weekends — and alternating saunas and ice baths. But he’s no gym rat: Dorsey gets his primary exercise by walking an hour and 15 minutes every day. “I might look a little bit more like I’m jogging than I’m walking. It’s refreshing … It’s just this one of those take-back moments where you’re like, ‘Wow, I’m alive!’” he once observed.
Meta’s Mark Zuckerberg takes his dog for frequent runs — good exercise for both him and his pooch.
Getty Images
Mark Zuckerberg
The Meta Platforms META, +1.09%
chief isn’t one to get up at the crack of dawn, according to GQ, but he still runs three mornings a week. “I also try to take my dog running whenever I can, which has the added bonus of being hilarious because that’s basically like seeing a mop run,” he told GQ. As for diet, he once was said to experiment with an eating plan that involved only devouring animals he had killed himself — including chickens, goats and pigs. But he also apparently skips meals — or at least he said as much in a 2021 Facebook post. “Do you ever get so excited about what you’re working on that you forget to eat meals?” he asked.
Richard Branson takes off on another kite-surfing adventure.
Getty Images
Richard Branson
Kite surfing, anyone? The founder of the Virgin Group swears by it as one of his favorite ways to stay fit, according to Men’s Health. He once even kite surfed across the English Channel. His other activities include tennis and biking. He’ll work with a trainer if he’s on the road, but otherwise he likes to exercise outdoors on his private island in the British Virgin Islands. “I just want to be sure that when I’m 150, my body still looks as good as it is today,” said Branson, who is now 72.
Palantir Technologies CEO Alex Karp works out by cross-country skiing — and says the key is to take it as slowly as possible to build your “cardio base.”
Getty Images
Alex Karp
The head of software company Palantir Technologies takes advantage of the fact that he lives near the White Mountains of New Hampshire to have a regular cross-country skiing routine. Key to his approach, he told Axios, is taking it slow on the snow. “To run like a deer, you have to spend 90% of your time running like a snail,” he explained, adding that his unhurried pace “builds a cardio base.” He also includes tai chi and stretching to his routine. But he isn’t too fussy about his diet. “If I’m traveling and someone has a really nice Danish, I enjoy every minute of eating it,” he said.
Martha Stewart is one of the cover models for Sport Illustrated’s new swimsuit issue.
Sports Illustrated
Martha Stewart
The 81-year-old lifestyle entrepreneur and founder of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia has been in the spotlight for her recent cover appearance on Sports Illustrated’s swimsuit issue. So what does she do to stay in shape for beach season? Stewart swears by Pilates, according to various media reports. And she rides horses. She has also said she doesn’t smoke, eats very well and every morning drinks a glass of “green juice” made with pears, cucumbers, celery stalks, parsley, fresh ginger and two oranges (complete with peels), a recipe she calls “so spectacular.”
Choosing whether to rent or buy has never been a simple decision — and this ever-changing housing market isn’t making it any easier. With surging mortgage rates, record rents and home prices, a potential economic downturn and other lifestyle considerations, there’s so much to factor in.
“This is an extraordinarily unique market because of the pandemic and because there was such a run on housing so you have home prices very high, you also have rent prices very high,” said Diana Olick, senior climate and real estate correspondent for CNBC.
By the numbers, renting is often cheaper. On average across the 50 largest metro areas in the U.S., a typical renter pays about 40% less per month than a first-time homeowner, based on asking rents and monthly mortgage payments, according to Realtor.com.
In December 2022, it was more cost-effective to rent than buy in 45 of those metros, the real estate site found. That’s up from 30 markets the prior year.
How does that work out in terms of monthly costs? In the top 10 metro regions that favored renting, monthly starter homeownership costs were an average of $1,920 higher than rents.
But that has not proven to be the case for everyone.
Leland and Stephanie Jernigan recently purchased their first home in Cleveland for $285,000 — or about $100 per square foot. The family of seven will also have Leland’s mother, who has been fighting breast cancer, moving in with them.
By their calculations, this move — which expands their space threefold and allowing them to take care of Leland’s mother — will be saving them more than $700 per month.
“You don’t buy a house based on the price of the house,” Olick said. “You buy it based on the monthly payment that’s going to be principal and interest and insurance and property taxes. If that calculation works for you and it’s not that much of your income, perhaps a third of your income, then it’s probably a good bet for you, especially if you expect to stay in that home for more than 10 years. You will build equity in the home over the long term, and renting a house is really just throwing money out.”
Mortgage rates dropped slightly in early March, due to the stress on the banking system from the recent bank failures. They are moving up again, although they are currently not as high as they were last fall. The average rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage is 6.59% as of April — up from 3.3% around the same time in 2021.
But that hasn’t significantly dampened demand.
“As the markets kind of bubbled in certain parts of the country and other parts of the country priced out, we’ve seen a lot of investors coming in looking for affordable homes that they can buy and rent,” said Michael Azzam, a real estate agent and founder of The Azzam Group in Cleveland.
“We’re still seeing relatively high demand” he added. “Prices have still continued to appreciate even with interest rates where they’re at. And so we’re still seeing a pretty active market here.”
The Jernigans are achieving a big part of the American Dream. Buying a home is a life event that 74% of respondents in a 2022 Bankrate survey ranked as the highest gauge of prosperity — eclipsing even having a career, children or a college degree.
The purchase is also a full-circle moment for Leland, who grew up in East Cleveland, where his family was on government assistance.
“I came from a single-mother home who struggled to put food on the table and always wanted better for her children … it was more criminals than there were police … It is not the type of neighborhood that I wanted my children to grow up in,” said Jernigan.
The new homeowner also has his eye on building a brighter future for more children than just his own. Jernigan plans to purchase homes in his old neighborhood, renovate them and create a safe space for those growing up like he did.
“I’m here because someone saw me and saw the potential in me and gave me advice that helped me. … and I just want to pay it forward to someone else” Jernigan said.
In a press conference on Thursday afternoon, San Francisco District Attorney Brooke Jenkins confirmed that an arrest has been made in the April 4 fatal stabbing of Cash App founder Bob Lee. Officials named Nima Momeni — a tech entrepreneur in the Bay Area — as the suspect.
Authorities also said that Momeni knew the victim, though they would not comment on the motive. They also indicated that the investigation was ongoing.
Momeni will be arraigned on Friday, and prosecutors said that they would be filing a motion to detain him without bail.
Police made the arrest earlier on Thursday in Emeryville, California, a suburb 15 minutes outside San Francisco. Jail records say that the 38-year-old Momeni was booked on suspicion of murder at 9:19 a.m.
News of the arrest was first reported by Mission Local, a local San Francisco news publication.
In the press conference, Jenkins criticized early comments on the murder from pundits and celebrities that used the murder to paint San Francisco as a crime-ridden and violent city.
San Francisco police officers found Lee, 43, with stab wounds at 2:35 a.m. in a deserted part of downtown San Francisco. He was taken to a hospital with life-threatening injuries and later died, police said at the time.
Lee had been working as chief product officer for the cryptocurrency company MobileCoin. He previously served as chief technology officer of Square (now known as Block), a financial technology company co-founded by former Twitter chief Jack Dorsey. Lee went on to create Cash App, a money transfer service.
He was also an investor in Elon Musk‘s SpaceX venture as well as other tech firms, such as the social audio app Clubhouse, according to his LinkedIn profile.
He was widely praised by former colleagues, including MobileCoin CEO Joshua Goldbard, who said in a Twitter thread that Lee was a “brilliant” visionary with a “kaleidoscopic” mind.
The San Francisco Police Department on Thursday arrested Nima Momeni, 38, of Emeryville, Calif., for allegedly stabbing to death tech executive Bob Lee.
Mission Local, an independent local news site, first reported the arrest.
City officials held a press conference Thursday afternoon, saying that the arrest occurred earlier in Emeryville,…
A general view of Micron Technology’s building in Singapore, June 23, 2020.
Micron Gcm Studio | Reuters
Check out the companies making headlines in midday trading Monday.
Block — Shares of the payments stock lost 3% following a downgrade to market perform from outperform by KBW. The firm cited pressures from “‘small risks starting to add up,” including potential regulatory scrutiny of its Cash App business.
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Tesla — Shares of Elon Musk’s electric vehicle company fell more than 1.5% after the firm announced another price cut in the U.S., its fifth since the start of the year. The move came as tougher U.S. standards are set to reduce the $7,500 tax credit available for Tesla’s Model 3. The EV maker also said Sunday it will open a new Megafactory in Shanghai that is capable of producing 10,000 Megapacks — large batteries —a year.
Micron Technology — Micron Technology’s shares gained 8% after its rival Samsung Electronics announced that it plans to cut memory chip production in the near term. Many Wall Street analysts said the move could accelerate a return to supply-demand balance and potential rebound in the chipmaking sector. Chip giant Western Digital also added about 8%.
Excelerate Energy, EQT and other gas stocks — Shares of Excelerate Energy, EQT and other gas stocks ticked higher as natural gas futures climbed. Excelerate added more than 1%, while EQT jumped 3.7% and Matador Resources gained 2.9%. Excelerate also got a boost from a new Deutsche Bank report, wherein the firm initiated coverage of the stock, rated it a buy and said it was trading below its industry peers.
Apple, Google, Microsoft — Shares of major technology companies were in the red during Monday’s trading session. Apple’s stock price lost 2%, Google-parent Alphabet shed 2.8% and Microsoft lost 1.4%.
Taiwan Semiconductor — Shares of the chip giant dropped 2.2% in midday trading after the company saw a decline in monthly revenue for the first time in four years. The stock is still up roughly 17% from the start of the year. Last month, Bank of America upgraded its price target on the company, believing it stands to benefit from investor interest in generative artificial intelligence.
New Fortress Energy — The stock gained 4% after Deutsche Bank initiated New Fortress as a buy. The bank said the company is well positioned in the liquified natural gas sector, which it believes has “potential to create outsized investment opportunities.”
Nikola — Shares fell 3% after Evercore ISI reiterated its in line rating. The firm also cut its price target in half to $1, saying the company has too many headwinds.
Five Below — Shares of the discount retailer gained 3.9% after Roth MKM said that Five Below might be helped by the success of “The Super Mario Bros. Movie,” which reported stronger-than-anticipated box office results.
AMC Entertainment, IMAX, Cinemark Holdings — Shares of major theater chains were in the green on Monday after the box office success of “The Super Mario Bros. Movie,” which was made by Universal Pictures. AMC’s stock price popped 6.7%, IMAX soared by 2% and Cinemark gained 5.7%.
— CNBC’s Jesse Pound, Hakyung Kim, Samantha Subin, Yun Li, Alex Harring and Brian Evans contributed reporting
Disclosure: Comcast is the parent company of NBCUniversal and CNBC. NBCUniversal is the distributor of “The Super Mario Bros. Movie.”
A growing list of headwinds is beginning to signal worry for Jack Dorsey’s Block , according to KBW. The firm downgraded Block to market perform from outperform, citing pressure from small risks that are putting pressure on the stock. KBW also lowered its price target on Block shares to $75 per share from $90. The new target implies upside of 10% from Thursday’s close. “We think SQ’s risk/reward profile has become less attractive as multiple risks are starting to add up,” KBW’s Steven Kwok wrote. “The big items revolve around rising competition within acquiring, and potential for regulatory scrutiny within its Cash App segment.” SQ YTD mountain Shares of Jack Dorsey’s Block are up on the year, although small-scale headwinds remain. Shares of Block closed at $68.10 per share on Friday, and have gained roughly 8% this year. KBW added that some of Block’s sources of income, which include unregulated interchange and instant deposit fees derived from the company’s CashApp segment, are “not-so rock solid.” The firm also noted growing competition in the the acquiring space could add further pressure to the company, specifically from payment facilitators, which similarly process transactions for merchants. “This could pressure volume growth, take rates, and ultimately profitability,” Kwok said. “Furthermore, SQs strength in its Seller business is rooted in its in-store offering, and as more goods are solid online, this could shift purchase volume to marketplaces and eComm focused platforms like Shopify.” Last month , shares of Block saw a massive 15% single-day decline after Hindenburg Research said the company was included in its list of shorts over the prominence of illicit activity on CashApp. While KBW seems pleased with Block’s response to regulators, the firm said the allegations warrant attention nonetheless. “But all the same, regulators looking for a win could step in to mandate more stringent practices,” Kwok said. — CNBC’s Michael Bloom contributed to this report.
