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Tag: Astilbe

  • Before & After: A Modern Courtyard Garden for a Historic Home – Gardenista

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    For their historic home in the enclave of Clifton in Bristol, UK, an energetic couple wanted an informal, biodiverse, and sustainable landscape where their grandchildren and dogs could romp. They called on landscape architecture firm Artisan Landscapes to come up with their dream garden, but the firm recognized that the grand Georgian-style home imposed a degree of formality on its landscape that couldn’t be ignored. As a compromise, they kept the classic formal courtyard layout and overlaid “soft, naturalistic meadow planting” to fulfill the clients’ desires for an environmentally friendly garden.

    Join us for a tour.

    Photography courtesy of Artisan Landscapes.

    Above: “The homeowners are lucky enough to have both a front and a back garden,” say the architects, “so we could devote the entire back garden to ‘garden,’ while the front garden has a large lawn for the dogs and grandkids, a greenhouse, and informal borders of vegetables intermingled with perennials.” The back garden, they say, is a more intimate space, “although the grandchildren love whirling about the paths.”
    The sunken octagon is a focal point of the garden but was also one of the more challenging features to install.
    Above: The sunken octagon is a focal point of the garden but was also one of the more challenging features to install. “There was a one-meter-thick piece of limestone bedrock located under it that had to be removed to install drainage,” say the architects.

    Before

    The courtyard had a generous footprint, but the neglected landscape was uninspiring.
    Above: The courtyard had a generous footprint, but the neglected landscape was uninspiring.

    After

    An antique urn is a focal point in the garden. For more inspiration, see Landscaping: 8 Ideas to Add Antiques Artfully to Any Garden.
    Above: An antique urn is a focal point in the garden. For more inspiration, see Landscaping: 8 Ideas to Add Antiques Artfully to Any Garden.
    A long, slim reflecting pool is one of two major water features in the project.
    Above: A long, slim reflecting pool is one of two major water features in the project. “They have a combined volume of five thousand cubic liters,” say the architects, and both are controlled by pumps on remote-control switches.
    Salvia surrounds the pool. For everything you need to know about growing it, see Salvia: A Field Guide to Planting, Care & Design.
    Above: Salvia surrounds the pool. For everything you need to know about growing it, see Salvia: A Field Guide to Planting, Care & Design.

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  • What to Do if Your Astilbe Fails to Bloom | Gardener’s Path

    What to Do if Your Astilbe Fails to Bloom | Gardener’s Path

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    A beloved ornamental for the shade garden, astilbe is an herbaceous perennial that produces masses of pretty flowers amid lacy, fern-like foliage.

    But if they won’t bloom, you’re missing out on their exceptional showiness!

    The Astilbe genus provides beautiful, feathery flowers in colors that include burgundy, coral, cream, lavender, pink, scarlet, violet, and white, flowering from spring to late summer, depending on the variety.

    A close up horizontal image of bright pink astilbe flowers growing in the garden.A close up horizontal image of bright pink astilbe flowers growing in the garden.

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    But if your astilbe plants haven’t bloomed for a while or flower production is declining, it’s usually a result of a few general cultivation errors. Happily, ones that are easily corrected.

    Are you ready to learn why your astilbe isn’t blooming and what to do about it? Then let’s dig into the common reasons and how to restore abundant flowering!

    Here’s a quick look at what’s ahead:

    1. Soil Conditions

    Although astilbe plants are generally easy-care perennials that adapt to a variety of soils except clay, they thrive when grown in optimal conditions and put on beautiful shows of emerald to bronzy green foliage with tall, colorful flowers.

    A close up horizontal image of bright red astilbe flowers growing in the garden pictured on a soft focus background.A close up horizontal image of bright red astilbe flowers growing in the garden pictured on a soft focus background.

    For masses of stately flowers and ample, lush foliage, provide astilbe with cool, moist, and loosely textured soil that’s well-draining, rich in organic matter, and has a slightly acidic pH of 6.0.

    Species in the Astilbe genus are heavy feeders and benefit from the addition of organic materials twice a year. More on fertilizing in a bit, so keep reading!

    In spring and fall, gently work in generous amounts of compost or well-rotted manure into the soil around the rhizomes, taking care not to damage the roots.

    This helps to condition the soil for a loose and light texture, improves the soil’s nutrient content, and aids in moisture retention.

    Also, the soil’s pH can change over time, which can have an adverse effect on flowering.

    If you suspect your soil has sweetened to a more alkaline level, you can quickly test it at home with an inexpensive meter, like this 4-in-1 Leaf Luster Rapitest meter, available at Arbico Organics.

    A close up of the packaging of a luster leaf soil tester isolated on a white background.A close up of the packaging of a luster leaf soil tester isolated on a white background.

    4-in-1 Leaf Luster Rapitest Meter

    If your soil needs acidifying, lightly work in aluminum sulfate or sulfur dust in early spring, amending the soil a few weeks before adding the spring application of compost.

    Sulfur dust can be added to the soil at a rate of a quarter to half a pound per square yard, and aluminum sulfate at the rate of half a pound per square yard.

    You may find it helpful to check your soil’s pH each spring to ensure your astilbe plants have the best growing conditions.

    2. Moisture Needs

    While there are varieties that do well in dry gardens such as Chinese astilbe, A. chinensis, by far the majority of species and cultivars prefer soil that’s consistently moist.

    A horizontal image of light pink Chinese astilbe flowers growing underneath a tree in the garden.A horizontal image of light pink Chinese astilbe flowers growing underneath a tree in the garden.

    To produce a strong root system and plenty of flowers, water deeply once a week providing about one inch of water, in the absence of rain.

    Don’t allow the soil to become bone dry, and in hot conditions, a deep watering twice a week may be needed.

    It’s best to avoid frequent, light applications of water which tends to promote shallow, weak roots.

    A thick, two-inch layer of mulch can also be helpful for retaining moisture. Use materials such as shredded bark, leafmold, conifer needles, or straw to help retain soil moisture and keep the roots cool – just what they like!

    Apply the mulch in spring when you start your watering regime.

    And while the plants like moist soil, wet conditions should be avoided and their growing location must be well-draining, especially in winter. The combination of cold temperatures and boggy soil can cause root or rhizome rot.

    3. Shade and Sunlight

    With a well-earned reputation as a star of the shade garden, astilbe can tolerate moderate amounts of sunlight, and actually gives a better floral display with three to six hours of direct sunshine each day.

    A close up vertical image of astilbe flowers growing in the garden pictured in light sunshine on a blue sky background.A close up vertical image of astilbe flowers growing in the garden pictured in light sunshine on a blue sky background.

    The ideal lighting is morning sunlight followed by dappled, light, or moderate shade for the rest of the day. But they grow in full shade as well, although the floral display won’t be as impressive.

    Wherever they’re planted, hot afternoon sun should be avoided as the heat can hinder growth and cause plants to struggle with bud set.

    If you find your plants have sun scorched foliage, droop or wilt in the afternoon, or aren’t setting buds, consider moving them to a shadier locale.

    4. Fertilizer Requirements

    Plants that produce lots of large flowers, like astilbe, are typically heavy feeders – it takes a lot of food to produce those big blooms.

    A close up vertical image of of blossoming pink astilbe growing in a shady spot in the garden pictured in light filtered sunshine.A close up vertical image of of blossoming pink astilbe growing in a shady spot in the garden pictured in light filtered sunshine.

    And one of the most common reasons for astilbe not flowering is inadequate nutrition.

    To keep the plants producing plenty of plumes, they’ll appreciate an extra helping or two of fertilizer.

    To start the season strong, in spring after new growth is about six inches tall, give your plants a generous, one- to two-inch layer of organically-rich, nutrient dense materials like compost or worm castings.

    This can be laid down as a top dressing over the root zone, or it can be gently worked into the soil with a cultivator as a side dressing, taking care not to damage the rhizomes.

    After applying the compost, follow up with an application of a slow-release fertilizer.

    An all-purpose feed is fine, but for showy clouds of colorful blooms, flowering plants do better with higher phosphorus levels.

    Look for fertilizers with phosphorus ratios at least as high as the other numbers – phosphorus is the second number, or the “P,” in the NPK formula.

    All-purpose feeds have an even ratio, like 5-5-5 or 10-10-10.

    Fertilizers for flowering plants typically have a higher ratio of phosphorus, such as 4-6-4, like this Organic Rose + Bloom food, available from Burpee.

    A close up of a bag of Rose + Bloom granular plant food set on a white surface indoors.A close up of a bag of Rose + Bloom granular plant food set on a white surface indoors.

    Organic Rose + Bloom Fertilizer

    As the growing season winds down, in late summer or early fall, apply another one- to two-inch layer of worm castings or compost.

    This late feeding is beneficial for restoring depleted nutrients and helps strengthen the rhizomes so they can develop ample flower buds for the next growing season.

    Also, if you are growing early flowering varieties, they benefit from a fall application of a nitrogen-rich fertilizer to promote strong, vigorous growth and healthy bud set – which takes place in early fall.

    Nitrogen is the first number, or the “N,” in NPK.

    A close up of the packaging of Down to Earth Alfalfa Meal isolated on a white background.A close up of the packaging of Down to Earth Alfalfa Meal isolated on a white background.

    Alfalfa Meal

    Alfalfa meal, available at Arbico Organics, is a good nitrogen booster with an NPK of 2-0-1.

    And blood meal is very high in nitrogen with an NPK ratio of 12-0-0.

    A close up of the packaging of Down to Earth Blood Meal isolated on a white background.A close up of the packaging of Down to Earth Blood Meal isolated on a white background.

    Blood Meal

    You can find blood meal also available at Arbico Organics.

    For the scoop on all their feeding needs, read up on how to fertilize astilbe in our guide. 

    5. Maintenance and Winter Care

    Aside from the extra feedings outlined above, these herbaceous perennials have few maintenance requirements.

    However, a few steps can keep plants healthy over winter to ensure a strong floral display the following year.

    Deadheading spent flowers isn’t needed as it doesn’t promote reblooming. And after flowering, the pretty seed heads add fall and winter interest and texture to the garden, plus they’re a good food source for foraging birds.

    A close up horizontal image of the deep red flowers and seed heads of astilbe plants.A close up horizontal image of the deep red flowers and seed heads of astilbe plants.

    But, if you don’t like the seed head look, you can prepare your plants for cold weather by cutting back the stems to about four inches before winter sets in.

    If you do cut them back, be sure to tag their location with a marker before all the foliage disappears so they’re not accidentally disturbed or dug up.

    After the first frost, a two-inch layer of winter mulch like compost, shredded leaves, or straw helps to regulate temperatures in the root zone and also prevents heaving crowns from freeze and thaw cycles.

    You can learn more about astilbe winter care in our guide.

    After new growth emerges in early spring, remove and compost the winter mulch before applying a fresh layer of compost and a spring mulch.

    Overcrowding or overgrown clumps can reduce flowering, and astilbe does best when divided regularly – every three to five years, depending on their growth rate.

    If you’re new to dividing perennials, check out our guide to propagating astilbe via division for more details.

    Big Bold Blooms

    When your astilbe struggles to bloom, you can restore their feathery flowers and lush foliage with a few easy fixes.

    A close up horizontal image of bright purplish pink astilbe flowers growing in the garden.A close up horizontal image of bright purplish pink astilbe flowers growing in the garden.

    Give them loose, humus-rich soil with a touch of acidity in a well-draining location, and be sure to keep the soil moist but not boggy – use mulch to help retain moisture and keep the roots cool.

    Apply nutrient dense compost in spring and fall, and feed with a phosphorus-rich fertilizer in spring for big, bold blooms.

    Provide them with some morning sun followed by light shade, but keep them well away from hot afternoon UV rays which inhibit flowering.

    Meet their feeding, light, and watering needs, and you’ll soon be rewarded with a delightful floral display!

    What are your tricks for keeping astilbe flowering? Let us know in the comments section below.

    And for more information about growing astilbe, add these guides to your reading list next.

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    Lorna Kring

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  • How to Grow and Care for Astilbe Flowers | Gardener’s Path

    How to Grow and Care for Astilbe Flowers | Gardener’s Path

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    Astilbe spp.

    It’s easy to forget that flowers aren’t just for sun-kissed spots – there are plenty that thrive in shade.

    Exhibit A: astilbe. Of all the plants that could grace a shade garden, species of Astilbe arguably come in at the top of the list.

    The foliage itself is visually interesting, but it’s the colorful flowers that really makes astilbe sing.

    And as an added bonus, they don’t mind being placed in a wet corner of the yard. What more could you ask for from a shade-loving perennial?

    A close up horizontal image of swaths of pink and white astilbe flowers growing in the garden.A close up horizontal image of swaths of pink and white astilbe flowers growing in the garden.

    We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission.

    An astilbe is no wimp, but some TLC will definitely help it look its best. But what does that look like? I’m glad you asked.

    We’ve prepared an informative overview of growing, establishing, and maintaining astilbe. We’ll also take a look at some nice cultivars that you can add to your own garden.

    Keep reading to delve into the awesomeness of astilbe!

    Here’s what we’ll be covering:

    If you aren’t already familiar with these lovely perennials, then it’s time for some introductions!

    What Are Astilbe Plants?

    Belonging to the Saxifragaceae family, the Astilbe genus contains approximately 25 species of flowering herbaceous perennials, which are collectively hardy to USDA Zones 3 to 9 and native to east Asia, southeast Asia, and the southeastern United States.

    The compound, feathery, and fern-like foliage of astilbe can vary in color, but it’s generally an emerald green in the spring with a bronze tone that becomes more pronounced as temperatures heat up.

    A horizontal image of light pink astilbe growing in a garden border with a lawn and wooden arbor in soft focus in the background.A horizontal image of light pink astilbe growing in a garden border with a lawn and wooden arbor in soft focus in the background.

    As astilbe is a basal plant, the foliage tends to come up from a single point of origin at the plant’s base.

    The mature size is also variable – depending on the species and variety, these plants can reach heights of six inches to five feet, and spreads of six inches to three feet!

    A relatively slow-growing plant, astilbe spreads via underground rhizomes to fill in a space nicely, when given enough time.

    Emerging atop tall stems in late spring to late fall are the flowers: panicled, feathery plumes of tiny blooms that come in white, pink, purple, or red hues.

    Along with being just as graceful and easily windblown as the leaves, these flowers are super attractive to bees, butterflies, and other pollinating insects.

    Cultivation and History

    Each species of Astilbe has its own epic origin story of how it came to be cultivated by green thumbs.

    But when discussing the history of astilbe as a whole, you can’t leave out George Arends.

    A horizontal image of deep red and pink astilbe flowers growing in a mixed garden border.A horizontal image of deep red and pink astilbe flowers growing in a mixed garden border.

    A plant nurseryman from Ronsdorf, Germany, Arends was a master hybridizer.

    In the 1920s, Arends utilized A. chinensis, A. japonica, A. thunbergii, and A. astilboides to create the Arendsii group of hybrids, designated A. x arendsii.

    He was a real whiz, too – at one point, he developed 74 different varieties in a single year!

    These hybrids, with their uniquely striking flowers, are a big reason why astilbes are so beloved today.

    Astilbe Propagation

    Have astilbe plants piqued your interest yet? You can start some in your very own garden by sowing seeds, dividing mature plants, or transplanting potted specimens from a nursery.

    From Seed

    I’ll be honest, propagating astilbe from seed can be a bit challenging. The germination rates can be low, and seed-grown plants can take years to flower. But it is possible.

    However, varieties usually don’t grow true from seed, meaning seeds will probably produce a different-looking plant from the parent.

    So, if propagating perfectly alike plants is the goal, then I’d stick with division. But if you enjoy the overall challenge and the possibility of a unique yield, then read on!

    A close up vertical image of the seed heads of pink astilbe plants pictured in bright sunshine.A close up vertical image of the seed heads of pink astilbe plants pictured in bright sunshine.

    In the proper conditions, your plants may actually self-seed and yield nearby volunteer seedlings.

    You can move these into new spots in late spring or early fall, or simply let them grow where they are.

    For actual seed collection, keep an eye on your specimens once they bloom. Eventually, the inflorescences will form seed pods.

    When they’re ready to harvest, they will appear brown and dry. Cut away these seed stalks and lay them out on sheets of newspaper to dry.

    Once they are dry, remove the seed pods and place them in a paper bag. Shake the bag until the seeds have collected at the bottom of the bag. Put these seeds in a paper envelope, and keep them in a safe, dry spot until the following spring.

    Come spring, take your seeds and soak them in lukewarm water for 24 hours. Pitch the floaters, as those aren’t viable.

    Fill a seed tray with an even mix of coconut coir and perlite, or something that both retains moisture and lets the excess drains away.

    Scatter the seeds across the media’s surface, gently press them in with a finger, and gently moisten the media with water.

    Place the tray in an indirectly-lit spot indoors, somewhere where it’s at least 60°F. Keep the media moist, and the viable seeds should germinate in 20 to 25 days.

    As the seedlings grow, pick out any weak or unhealthy ones.

    When you have healthy seedlings with at least two pairs of true leaves, pot them on into their own three- to four-inch containers, kept in similar conditions as the seed tray.

    In fall, before the frost date, they should be ready for transplanting into the garden or an outdoor container. And at three years of age, your seed-grown plants should start flowering.

    But first, you’ll need to harden off your seedlings. That entails bringing them outside for a half hour to an hour, bringing them back inside, and then adding 30 to 60 minutes of outdoor exposure each following day until they can handle a full day outside prior to transplanting.

    Via Division

    Because it spreads via rhizomes and grows slowly, plants should be ready to dig up and divide every three to five years.

    Believe it or not, a large enough clump can be divided into a dozen daughter plants!

    Learn more about how to divide astilbe in our guide.

    Transplanting

    For the gardener who wants to see results sooner rather than later, it’s suggested that you purchase plants from a reputable nursery.

    Otherwise, you can transplant your divisions or seedlings!

    Transplanting can happen in spring after the final frost, or in fall before the first frost.

    A close up horizontal image of bright pink astilbe flowers growing in the garden pictured on a soft focus background.A close up horizontal image of bright pink astilbe flowers growing in the garden pictured on a soft focus background.

    Prepare partially shaded planting areas of rich, well-draining soil with a pH of 6.0, ideally. Or, if you want to keep them from eventually spreading, you can also grow astilbe in containers.

    Once it’s time for transplanting, dig holes about as deep and a bit wider than the transplants’ root systems. Space these holes about a foot apart.

    Gently ease the transplants from their containers and lower them into the holes. Backfill the holes with dug-out soil, water in the soil, and you’re done!

    How to Grow Astilbe

    Let’s discuss what these plants need to thrive, shall we?

    Climate and Exposure Needs

    A fan of dappled shade, astilbes will do its best flowering with four to six hours of sun a day. If planted in deep shade, they’ll still grow lovely foliage, but not as many flowers.

    A close up horizontal image of light pink astilbe flowers growing in the garden.A close up horizontal image of light pink astilbe flowers growing in the garden.

    They can handle full sun, but only in northern climates like those in Zones 3 and 4. Otherwise, full sun could cook them crispy.

    Astilbes are rather hardy in the winter. They tend to grow in US Hardiness Zones 4 to 8, though some cultivars can even grow in Zone 3.

    Soil Needs

    Astilbes are at their best in a slightly acidic soil that is consistently moist, making them perfect for that low corner of your yard that receives consistent water run-off.

    Regular additions of compost or well-rotted manure provide a fertile environment for astilbe, as well as improving your garden’s soil quality.

    A horizontal image of a mixed garden border with flowering astilbe and hosta plants.A horizontal image of a mixed garden border with flowering astilbe and hosta plants.

    By amending your soil, you can make a more hospitable home for if your intended location is less than perfect.

    Put in the extra effort to create an ideal site with good drainage, plenty of organic material, and consistent moisture, and you’ll find your astilbe at their happiest.

    Water and Fertilizer Needs

    In addition to adding compost to amend the soil regularly – twice a year, in both spring and fall – astilbe benefits from additional springtime fertilization, too.

    Astilbe can benefit from a fertilizer with a high phosphorus content to encourage blooming and root development.

    A horizontal image of astilbe and hostas in bloom in a shade garden.A horizontal image of astilbe and hostas in bloom in a shade garden.

    They’ll grow their best when given plenty of water, but they don’t like “wet feet.” That makes good drainage essential, and also makes heavy clay soils a no-go for these plants.

    Irrigation-wise, if you check the soil an inch down and don’t feel moisture, then it’s definitely time to water.

    Be careful not to water too much during the winter, as this will stress and harm the roots.

    Growing Tips

    • Partial shade is best, but full sun and full shade are both tolerable.
    • A rich, moist, and well-draining soil with a pH of 6.0 is best.
    • Water whenever the top inch of soil dries out. Or, keep the soil constantly moist.

    Pruning and Maintenance

    Honestly, there’s not much to do here.

    Leaving the flowers and foliage standing through the winter helps to ensure a smooth transition from winter to spring, and the flower heads can add special interest and a meal for hungry birds.

    A horizontal image of pink astilbe in full bloom in a shady garden.A horizontal image of pink astilbe in full bloom in a shady garden.

    Every three to five years, divide your specimens to keep them appropriately sized for their planting site.

    Specimens in containers should be repotted whenever they have less than an inch or two of space between the roots and the container’s sides.

    Astilbe Cultivars to Select

    There are hundreds of varieties to choose from, so we thought we’d narrow the list down a bit for you.

    Each cultivar described below is a top pick so you can find the right plant for your yard, and we’ve included recommendations from our trusted affiliates to purchase your very own!

    Want even more options? Be sure to check out our supplemental guide where we share 15 of the best astilbe varieties.

    Bridal Veil

    A. x arendsii ‘Bridal Veil’ is about as delicate a flower as they come.

    Lacey foliage in a deep and saturated green hue serves as the base for creamy, all-white flowers that live to surf on the breeze.

    A square image of 'Bridal Veil' astilbe growing in the garden.A square image of 'Bridal Veil' astilbe growing in the garden.

    ‘Bridal Veil’

    ‘Bridal Veil’ reaches a height of up to 28 inches and blooms throughout the summer.

    You can find plants available at Nature Hills Nursery in #1 containers.

    Delft Lace

    Blue-green foliage pairs with the almost apricot flowers of A. x arendsii ‘Delft Lace.’

    The foliage is notably rougher-looking than that of most astilbes, which adds an interesting texture to the garden.

    If grown in full sun the flowers will suffer, but the foliage takes on a reddish color.

    A close up square image of the pink flowers of 'Delft Lace' astilbe growing in the garden.A close up square image of the pink flowers of 'Delft Lace' astilbe growing in the garden.

    ‘Delft Lace’

    The blooms emerge in late spring to early summer, and this plant reaches two feet in height.

    ‘Delft Lace’ is available in #1 containers at Nature Hills Nursery.

    Fanal

    A. x arendsii ‘Fanal’ features deep red blooms, complemented by the lovely display of emerald green foliage that astilbe is famous for.

    A close up of pink 'Fanal' astilbe growing in the garden.A close up of pink 'Fanal' astilbe growing in the garden.

    ‘Fanal’

    Blooming in late spring to midsummer, it reaches a mature height of 18 to 24 inches.

    ‘Fanal’ is available at Burpee.

    Little Vision in Pink

    If you’ve got an ambition to add some pink to your garden, ‘Little Vision in Pink’ is the plant for you.

    The color falls somewhere shy of bubblegum, but because the plant blooms in early to midsummer, it adds a complement to the maturing foliage of hostas and other shade plants.

    A square image of light pink 'Little Vision in Pink' growing in a container outdoors.A square image of light pink 'Little Vision in Pink' growing in a container outdoors.

    ‘Little Vision in Pink’

    This variety reaches a height of about 16 inches.

    You can find ‘Little Vision in Pink’ available at Nature Hills Nursery.

    Vision in Red

    Talk about red!

    A. chinensis ‘Vision in Red’ adds a hue just shy of fire truck red to boldly stand out from the cooler colors in your shade garden.

    The flower plumes will grow more intense in color until they reach their peak in midsummer, and the bronzed foliage is yours to enjoy for the rest of the season.

    A close up of the bright red flowers of 'Vision of Red' astilbe pictured in bright sunshine on a soft focus background.A close up of the bright red flowers of 'Vision of Red' astilbe pictured in bright sunshine on a soft focus background.

    ‘Vision in Red’

    This plant reaches a height of about 30 inches.

    You can find ‘Vision in Red’ available in #1 containers from Nature Hills Nursery.

    Vision in White

    If you’re looking for more of a porcelain white than what ‘Bridal Veil’ offers, check out A. chinensis ‘Visions in White.’ 

    The foliage is a lovely bronze-green, and the plant reaches a height of about 30 inches.

    A square image of 'Vision in White' astilbe plants growing in a container outdoors.A square image of 'Vision in White' astilbe plants growing in a container outdoors.

    ‘Vision in White’

    As an added bonus, ‘Visions in White’ can bloom all the way into the fall, if the conditions are right.

    ‘Vision in White’ is available in #1 containers from Nature Hills Nursery.

    Managing Pests and Disease

    Though they’re at their best in shady areas with moist soil, these plants are prone to a few problems. But just a few – they’re otherwise surprisingly resistant to pests and diseases.

    Many common garden nuisances such as deer, rabbits, or even slugs and snails fail to pose a threat.

    That being said, here’s how to deal with the threats your astilbes could face.

    Insects

    Make like a programmer, and keep your eyes peeled for bugs. These bugs, in particular:

    Asiatic Garden Beetle

    Also known as Maladera castanea, the Asiatic garden beetle came over to the States from Japan and China, and found itself a smorgasbord of plants to munch on. Astilbes in particular.

    A close up horizontal image of a Maladera castanea beetle despatched and set on a blue fabric.A close up horizontal image of a Maladera castanea beetle despatched and set on a blue fabric.

    The tan to white grubs measure 5/16 to 3/8 of an inch in length, while the adult beetles are a third of an inch long, with a luminous reddish-brown sheen.

    The grubs feed on the roots, while the adults feed on the foliage – both of which stress and weaken the plant.

    Remove nearby plant detritus to deter populations the next season.

    Small numbers of adult beetles can be hand-picked at night and tossed into soapy water, or even killed with light traps, which consist of an outdoor lightbulb situated six inches above a pan of soapy water on the ground.

    Insecticides may be needed to combat the grubs and to fight severe infestations.

    Black Vine Weevil

    Another bothersome beetle, Otiorhynchus sulcatus is a flightless, snout-nosed, hard-bodied, black beetle that’s half an inch long in adult form.

    The stout grubs are the same length, with brown heads and white to pale yellow bodies.

    Adults emerge in spring to feed on foliage, with peak feeding in summer and early fall. Larvae hatch from laid eggs and feed on roots and basal crowns.

    The leaf munching is more aesthetically annoying, while the larvae feeding does more significant damage.

    Adults can be removed and destroyed in spring, to stop them from feeding and laying eggs. Do this by going out at night, shaking damaged branches out over tarps, and crushing the bugs that fall on the tarp.

    Additionally, spinosad can be sprayed on leaves to deter feeding.

    You can use Heterorhabditis or Steinernema species of beneficial nematodes to drench the soil around infected plants, which should kill any larvae.

    Systemic insecticides like imidacloprid can combat adults and larvae alike.

    A close up product photo of the packaging of NemaSeek beneficial nematodes isolated on a white background.A close up product photo of the packaging of NemaSeek beneficial nematodes isolated on a white background.

    NemaSeek

    You can find NemaSeek, which contains Heterorhabditis nematodes, available from Arbico Organics.

    Tarnished Plant Bug

    Lygus lineolaris feeds on many different plants besides astilbe – at least 385!

    The adults are about a fifth of an inch in length, and are colored a mix of yellow to reddish brown to black, with relatively long antennae.

    Overwintering in nearby plant detritus, rock piles, and water banks, the adults emerge in spring to feed on developing buds and flowers. Feeding with piercing-sucking mouthparts, they extract sap, and can also transmit disease.

    Eliminate overwintering sites by pulling adjacent weeds and cleaning up nearby plant detritus.

    Simply picking the bugs off of plants and dropping them in soapy water is the preferred control method, but you can also look into introducing parasitic wasps.

    Disease

    Diseases can easily spread, so lessen the odds of infection by frequently sterilizing your garden tools.

    Keep an eye out for the following:

    Cercospora Leaf Spot

    Caused by various species of Cercospora fungi, leaf spot causes cosmetic spots on leaf surfaces, and also hinders plant growth.

    A close up horizontal image of a leaf showing symptoms of Cercospora leaf spot, a bacterial infection.A close up horizontal image of a leaf showing symptoms of Cercospora leaf spot, a bacterial infection.

    Many gardeners will just let it go or simply remove infected leaves, but preventative applications of copper fungicide have been shown to put a marginal dent in the spread of this disease.

    Fusarium Wilt

    Infecting the vascular, water-conducting xylem tissues of plants, this wilt is caused by Fusarium oxysporum, a soil-borne fungus that survives in soil for long periods of time.

    Once infected, a plant will wilt, droop, turn yellow, and become twisted, often on just one side. Drought symptoms are common, despite excess moisture being a causal factor. Infected plants eventually die.

    Proper watering is the key to prevention. If infected, a specimen should be promptly removed, along with the surrounding soil.

    Powdery Mildew

    A common affliction of many different plants, powdery mildew is caused by fungal species of Erysiphe, which coat plant leaves with a layer of white, dusty powder.

    The causal spores can travel via wind and germinate without needing free water, which makes spread all too easy.

    As powdery mildew can harm the leaves and stunt plant growth, it may be helpful to prune infected foliage. You can learn more about how to manage powdery mildew in our guide.

    Best Uses for Astilbe

    Astilbes are actually quite aesthetically versatile.

    Whether you place them in a shade garden or bog garden, as a border or along a waterway, in a container or en masse, an astilbe never fails to look awesome.

    You can even harvest the blooms at their peak for use as cut flowers!

    a horizontal image of a garden landscape of a shady border with hostas, astilbe and a variety of other perennials.a horizontal image of a garden landscape of a shady border with hostas, astilbe and a variety of other perennials.

    Thriving in shady, regularly moist areas offers an astilbe plenty of planting companions. Hosta and iris are natural pals, along with heuchera, trillium, impatiens, and begonias.

    Also, consider using mosses and ferns – if you have a suitable spot for astilbe, it’s almost guaranteed that mosses and ferns will readily establish themselves there, too.

    Woody shrubs like azaleas and rhododendrons go hand in hand with astilbe as well.

    They prefer the same type of light, favor the same slightly acidic and moist soils, and they even have complementary bloom colors!

    Quick Reference Growing Guide

    Plant Type: Herbaceous flowering perennial Flower/Foliage Color: Pink, purple, red, white / green, bronze
    Native to: East Asia, southeast Asia, southeastern United States Tolerance: Deer, full sun (in northern climates), heavy shade, rabbits, slugs/snails
    Hardiness (USDA Zone): 3-9 Maintenance: Moderate
    Bloom Time: Late spring to late summer Soil Type: Organically-rich, moist
    Exposure: Partial shade Soil pH: 6.0-7.0
    Time to Maturity: 3 years (blooming), 4-6 years (full size) Soil Drainage: Well-draining
    Spacing: 6 inches-3 feet Attracts: Bees, butterflies/moths, other pollinators
    Planting Depth: Surface sow (seeds), depth of root system (transplants) Companion Planting: Shade garden plants (heuchera, hostas, ferns, etc.)
    Height: 6 inches-5 feet Uses: Bog gardens, borders, container plantings, cut flowers, marginal plantings, mass plantings, shade gardens
    Spread: 6 inches-3 feet Family: Saxifragaceae
    Water Needs: Moderate Genus: Astilbe
    Common Pests and Diseases: Asiatic garden beetle, black vine weevil, tarnished plant bug; Cercospora leaf spot, Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew Species: Astilboides, chinensis, japonica, thunbergii, x arendsii

    Astilbe: A Sight to See

    There’s no denying how incredible a clump or two of astilbe looks in the garden.

    With graceful blooms and leaves, this plant is sure to grace your garden with beauty, wherever you choose to put it.

    A close up horizontal image of baby pink astilbe flowers growing in the garden.A close up horizontal image of baby pink astilbe flowers growing in the garden.

    Thanks for reading our guide! We hope it’ll help you on your astilbe-growing journey.

    As always, we’re eager to talk shop and answer any further questions in the comments section. Drop us a line below!

    Want to learn about more flowering plants for the shade garden? Check out these sun-shy beauties next:

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    Joe Butler

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  • The Best Perennials for Transforming Shaded Landscapes

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    Shaded areas in your garden need not be dull and lifeless. With the right choice of perennials, you can transform these dim corners into vibrant and inviting spaces. In this blog post, we will explore the best perennials to grow in shaded landscape areas, including beloved favorites like Hellebore, Hosta, and Astilbe, as well as lesser-known gems like Solomon’s Seal and Trillium.

    1. Hellebore (Helleborus)

    Hellebores, also known as Lenten Roses, are a must-have for shaded gardens. They produce elegant, drooping blooms in a range of colors, from white and pink to deep purples. These hardy perennials thrive in partial shade and add a touch of early spring beauty to your landscape.

    1. Hosta

    Hostas are renowned for their lush foliage, making them perfect for shaded areas. With a variety of leaf shapes, sizes, and colors, you can create a striking contrast in your garden. From the classic green varieties to variegated and blue-hued Hostas, there’s one to suit every taste.

    1. Astilbe

    Astilbes are prized for their feathery, plume-like blooms that rise above their fern-like foliage. They come in shades of pink, red, white, and lavender, brightening up any shaded corner. These perennials thrive in moist, well-drained soil, making them an excellent choice for gardens with challenging growing conditions.

    1. Coral Bells (Heuchera)

    Coral Bells are known for their stunning foliage, available in various shades, from rich burgundy to lime green. They also produce delicate, bell-shaped flowers on tall stalks in late spring and early summer. These adaptable perennials can tolerate both partial shade and full sun.

    1. Brunnera

    Brunnera, often called “Siberian Bugloss,” is prized for its heart-shaped leaves and tiny blue flowers that resemble those of Forget-Me-Nots. These perennials thrive in shade and will form a beautiful ground cover, adding texture and interest to your garden.

    1. Ajuga

    Ajuga, also known as Bugleweed, is an excellent choice for ground cover in shaded areas. Its low, spreading habit and vibrant foliage add a splash of color to even the darkest corners of your garden. In spring, it produces spikes of blue, purple, or white flowers.

    1. Oakleaf Hydrangea (Hydrangea quercifolia)

    Oakleaf Hydrangea is a stunning native plant that thrives in shaded locations. It boasts large, showy panicles of white flowers and striking oak-like leaves that turn vibrant shades of red and purple in the fall, adding year-round interest to your garden.

    1. Ligularia

    Ligularia, also known as the “Rocket,” features bold, toothed leaves and tall spikes of yellow or orange daisy-like flowers. These perennials enjoy moist, shady conditions and provide a pop of color in late summer when many other shade plants have finished blooming.

    1. Ferns

    Ferns are the quintessential shade-loving plants. With their graceful, feathery fronds, they add a touch of elegance and a lush, tropical feel to your shaded garden. Varieties like the Japanese Painted Fern and Ostrich Fern are particularly striking choices.

    1. Viola

    Violas, with their cheerful, delicate flowers, are perfect for adding color to shaded areas. These perennials come in a variety of colors and bloom from early spring to fall, creating a continuous display of beauty.

    1. Toad Lily (Tricyrtis)

    Toad Lilies are unique perennials that thrive in the shade. They produce intricate, orchid-like flowers in shades of purple, white, or pink, often speckled with darker markings. These exotic-looking blooms add a touch of whimsy to your garden.

    1. Bleeding Hearts (Dicentra)

    Bleeding Hearts are beloved for their heart-shaped flowers that dangle gracefully from arching stems. These perennials thrive in shade and come in various species and cultivars, each with its own unique charm.

    1. Pulmonaria

    Pulmonaria, or Lungwort, is a shade-loving perennial known for its attractive silver-spotted leaves and clusters of tubular flowers that change color as they mature. They are excellent early bloomers, providing a splash of color in early spring.

    1. Trillium

    Trilliums are native woodland plants known for their distinctive, three-petaled blooms and elegant foliage. They thrive in moist, shaded areas, and their understated beauty adds a touch of the wild to your garden.

    1. Lily of the Valley (Convallaria majalis)

    Lily of the Valley is a classic perennial that thrives in shady spots. Its dainty, bell-shaped white flowers emit a sweet fragrance that perfumes the air in late spring. These perennials spread quickly, creating a charming ground cover.

    1. Caladium

    Caladiums are renowned for their striking, colorful foliage. These perennials are ideal for adding a tropical vibe to your shaded garden with their large, heart-shaped leaves in shades of red, pink, and green.

    1. Solomon’s Seal (Polygonatum)

    Solomon’s Seal is a graceful, arching perennial with distinctive, dangling white or greenish-yellow flowers. Its variegated leaves add an artistic touch to your shaded landscape.

    Transforming shaded landscape areas into thriving gardens is a rewarding endeavor. By choosing the right perennials like Hellebore, Hosta, Astilbe, and others, you can create a stunning, low-maintenance oasis that bursts with color and texture throughout the seasons.

    With these shade-loving perennials in your garden, you’ll enjoy a beautiful and vibrant outdoor space, even in the shadiest of corners.

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    Tiffany

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