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Tag: Art Market

  • Artsy President Dustyn Kim On Evolving Alongside the Company

    Artsy President Dustyn Kim On Evolving Alongside the Company

    Artsy president Dustyn Kim says art has always been part of her life. Courtesy of Artsy

    In 2017, Observer posed this question: As the online art auction space shrinks, is Artsy the heir apparent? In the years since, the art world has had many ups and downs, but the online art brokerage created in 2009 by Carter Cleveland has forged ahead, building partnerships with major institutions and a monumental digital library of for-sale artworks while edging out early challengers like Paddle8 and Auctionata. “Many of our competitors in the early days wanted to disrupt the art industry, so they would either compete directly with galleries by bringing artists on to their online galleries or compete with auction houses by running their own auction sites,” Cleveland told Observer in 2019. “These companies were able to generate revenue a lot faster than us because they went straight to that transactional model. But ultimately, the amount of inventory they could get was very limited because the rest of the industry didn’t want to work with them.”

    That, in a nutshell, is how Artsy, which launched as a platform for artwork discovery, eventually became the largest online art marketplace globally by offering auction houses and art galleries a way to pivot to online sales—something the art world could no longer avoid during the pandemic. Today, the company is both a place to buy art and an influential voice in the art world—its industry reports and buyer facing editorial content help shape narratives around what’s hot in art right now.

    Overseeing it all is newly appointed Artsy president Dustyn Kim, the first woman ever in the role. She joined the company as chief revenue officer in 2017, and she’s been largely responsible for expanding Artsy’s gallery business and strengthening its secondary market offerings. “It’s amazing to look at Artsy’s progression these past seven years,” she told Observer when we asked Kim about her work at Artsy. From there, she opened up about the evolution of the company and its users, the mechanics of building relationships in the art world and her own art collection.

    You’ve been with Artsy since 2017. What initially attracted you to the company? From what I understand, you weren’t always in the art world. 

    My professional background centered on data and technology companies prior to Artsy, but art has always been a part of my life. My mom is an artist. She had multiple jobs in the art world—from working at a print- and paper-making studio to teaching college courses on painting. She did this while trying to build her practice and art world recognition, and I saw firsthand how difficult this industry can be. When the Artsy opportunity came along, I knew immediately that this was a company and a mission—to expand the art market to support more artists—that I wanted to be a part of. It was one of those moments in life where everything just clicked. All of those years developing an expertise in business finally paired with an industry that I’m passionate about evolving and growing.

    What has your progression at Artsy been like in terms of responsibility? 

    I started by leading our Galleries & Fairs business, helping to grow the number of galleries that partner with Artsy to roughly 3,200 from over 100 countries. After a few years, I assumed responsibility for our secondary market teams, expanding the number of auction houses and benefit partners on Artsy and building our Artsy Auctions and private sales business. Throughout that time, we also built a robust marketplace operations team to handle everything from cybersecurity to customer support. With my most recent promotion, I am now responsible for Artsy’s internal operations as well, including finance, legal and corporate development.

    How has Artsy changed since you came on? 

    It’s amazing to look at Artsy’s progression these past seven years. When I joined Artsy, we were focused purely on aggregation: getting all of the world’s art and art collectors on Artsy and making the process of discovering art easier and more joyful. On the gallery partner side, that meant tackling challenges like the lack of information about artwork pricing and availability. On the collector side, that involved using our data and technology to match people with artists and artworks they may never have otherwise discovered. Next, we focused on making the process of actually buying and selling art easier and more joyful. We’ve spent years building out eCommerce and all of the infrastructure that supports it, from online payment methods to shipping integration to fraud prevention.

    We are now in a position to help grow the art market by bringing this all together in what we like to call ‘the art advisor in your pocket.’ Very few people have access to art advisors, but Artsy has all of the data and functionality to fill that gap. We can guide users and help them refine their taste, develop relationships with sellers, acquire works, and manage their collections—all on Artsy.  

    And how have the collectors who use the platform evolved? 

    In Artsy’s earlier days, our user base was what I call our “power users.” This is generally a group of people already familiar with the art world. They appreciate Artsy’s ability to connect them to the world’s fairs, gallery exhibitions, and auctions and are engaged in researching and discovering both well-known blue-chip artists and up-and-coming emerging artists. This group includes both newer and more established collectors, but they generally come to Artsy with a sense of what they’re looking for and an understanding of the art world. Now, we have a much more diverse group of collectors. With over 3 million users on Artsy, we have a global audience that ranges from people looking to make their first art purchase to people who have collected for years.

    Particularly for these new and aspiring collectors, we’re continuously introducing new ways to help individuals find the art they love. This includes initiatives like Foundations, our online art fair, live now, that features works from small and midsize galleries from around the world that are known for nurturing early-career artists. Works are mostly priced under $10,000, and we invite really fantastic galleries to take part and create lots of storytelling around the featured artists and works. Foundations is an ideal context to find your first (or next) art purchase and discover plenty of new artists and galleries.

    A lot of your work involves relationship building—do you see that as a plus? 

    A fair amount of my job involves relationship building—both now and in my prior roles at Artsy. I’ve always felt that understanding your customer is a core component of any leader’s job, but for an industry as unique as ours it’s an absolute imperative. Artsy’s mission is to expand the art market. We can’t do that without a nuanced understanding and appreciation of exactly what is and isn’t working in both the physical and digital realms of art buying and selling.

    Major art world moments, like fairs, are always a great opportunity to see the industry in action. I personally prefer smaller gatherings—lunches with gallery directors or a walk-through of a new exhibition—can solidify relationships while giving me a closer look at how people are using Artsy and what more they want to see from us. I recently had lunch at AP Space, for example, and was able to connect with a few artists, collectors, and gallery directors in a more casual setting. It’s moments like those where I feel like I’m ingrained in this community.

    You’re an art collector yourself. What can you tell me about your collection?   

    With an artist mother, collecting has always been a part of my life. I remember going to a benefit auction with my mom much earlier in my career and using my savings to bid on a vibrant 9-by-9-inch work on paper by Carol Salmanson. I was drawn to the calligraphic flow of the work, overlaid with fine, bright brushstrokes. Over the years, I’ve continued to refine my taste and viewpoint on the type of collection I want to build. At this point, I’m focused primarily on acquiring works by women artists. I also lean more towards emerging artists, partly because they are more likely to be within my budget range but more so because I want to directly support artists who may not yet be in the spotlight.

    My most recent purchase was a work by Gabrielė Aleksė, a Lithuanian artist I discovered through Artsy. I initially saw her paintings in one of our “Curators’ Picks: Emerging Artists” collections on Artsy and was immediately drawn to the serenity of her works. I started following her on Artsy and watched as new works became available, eventually finding a work that I couldn’t live without that is now proudly displayed in my home. That’s the beauty of Artsy: I never would have known of this artist living and working over 4,000 miles away from me had Artsy not helped me discover her and then guided me through the international purchase process.

    Artsy President Dustyn Kim On Evolving Alongside the Company

    Christa Terry

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  • The Impact of Art Gallery Closures on Artists and Collectors

    The Impact of Art Gallery Closures on Artists and Collectors

    Artist Maggi Hambling at an exhibition at Marlborough Gallery in London in 2020. Photo by Jonathan Brady/PA Images via Getty Images

    Businesses open and close all the time, and art galleries are no exception. Dealers retire, others close up shop when bankruptcy looms, some die with no succession plan and still others simply decide, for a host of reasons, to exit the scene. In New York, Cheim & Read said its goodbyes in December and Helena Anrather shut its doors in March. The Fortnite Institute ceased operations earlier this week, and Betty Cuningham Gallery in the Lower East Side will end its two-decade run later this year. Yesterday (April 4), the 78-year-old blue-chip Marlborough Gallery, which has spaces in London, New York, Barcelona and Madrid, made headlines when it announced it would be closing in June.

    Art galleries often run on slim margins to begin with, and the pandemic was tough on businesses across the board. Other recent NYC gallery closures: JTT, Foxy Productions, Queer Thoughts and Denny Gallery. London has seen a similar spate of closures as the local market has contracted. It’s not unusual for gallery owners to land on their feet—Jasmin Tsou, founder of JTT, became a director at Lisson Gallery. But for the artists represented by galleries that close and for the patrons who worked closely with said gallery owners to build art collections, the disruption can range from nuisance to traumatic.

    Sculptor and installation artist Judy Pfaff could not have guessed that she would be without a New York City gallery for a very long time when legendary art dealer André Emmerich retired in 1997, but she waited seven years before she was brought into the Ameringer|McEnery|Yohe fold in 2004. “A few people talked to some dealers about taking me on, but they didn’t want to touch me,” she told Observer. “Then, it hit me that the art world has no memory; it doesn’t owe me anything; there’s no one knocking on the door. I better hold onto my teaching job and figure things out. It was a total reality check.”

    But artists can and do up and leave their dealers—usually for reasons involving the advancement of their careers, but not always. Terry Dintenfass “never paid me, or it took forever to get her to pay me,” said painter Nancy Hagin. Sculptor William King left Dintenfass after she refused to give his then-girlfriend a show. “Robert Miller just wasn’t nice to me,” said painter Janet Fish. “Staff would roll their eyes when I walked through the door, as though they’re sorry to see me.” Alex Katz felt Pace Gallery “had low energy when it came to my work.” Pfaff left the Holly Solomon Gallery after thirteen years, when the dealer moved from a more spacious downtown address to a fifth-floor location on 57th Street “where I couldn’t get things in and out. There was only a passenger elevator.”

    The point is that artists generally have choices. “There are some I worked with for forty years,” veteran dealer Betty Cuningham told Observer, “and I have been trying to get them situated with other dealers.”

    She sees the closing of an art gallery as “harder for collectors than for the artists.” An engaged art dealer provides long-standing buyers with information on up-and-coming artists, as well as first dibs on artworks, and the insider access that potentially took years to develop isn’t easy to replicate elsewhere. Galleries also help their buyers sell. Cuningham is now returning work she took on consignment to collectors, though she wanted to make it clear she’s not completely retiring from the art world. “I can’t just store them,” she said of the consigned pieces but added that she and some of these consignors “might set up a separate arrangement” in which she looks for prospective buyers on their behalf.

    Meanwhile, Cheim & Read director Maria Bueno planned to work with the gallery’s consignors and patrons in her “new venture Bueno & Co., which is a private fine art dealership and artist management service. Bueno & Co will open a private showroom in New York later this year.”

    SEE ALSO: Yayoi Kusama Was the Top Selling Contemporary Artist of 2023

    Given the bleak headlines, collectors might wonder what exactly one is to do if one’s preferred art gallery goes belly up. “When a gallery closes for good,” Thomas C. Danziger, a New York City attorney who specializes in art law, told Observer, “the question becomes: Who owns the art?”

    That question is easier to answer when artists consign their work to galleries—at least in New York. The state’s Arts and Cultural Affairs Law decrees that, should an art gallery become subject to a lien from a bank or face bankruptcy, consigned artwork can’t be taken by a creditor in payment of a debt but must be returned to the artist or their heirs, in the case of deceased artists. That law also requires dealers to place proceeds from sales of consigned artwork “in trust” for the artist, meaning galleries can’t use that money for any other purpose than paying the consignor. California and twenty-nine other states have similar legal protections for artists who consign artworks to galleries.

    While those laws don’t apply to nonartist collectors who consign artworks to galleries, art collectors can protect themselves by filing a UCC-1 form for works on consignment. The form announces publicly that the consignor has a prior lien on their artworks, so in the event a gallery declares bankruptcy or a dealer disappears in the face of numerous creditors, leaving a warehouse full of art, the consignor has a legal right to take back their work. Ideally, the UCC-1 filing should occur at the time of consignment, but consignors would still be protected if they file in advance of a bankruptcy.

    It’s a simple fix—the form is typically available online or the filing cost is nominal, usually $25—but many high-end consignors are reluctant to file the form, even when advised to do so by their lawyers. “They don’t want to announce publicly that they are looking to sell something, which a UCC-1 does,” New York City art lawyer William Pearlstein told Observer. “Some would rather stay private than disclose. Myself, I would rather be protected than private.”

    Another less public protective measure art collectors can pursue is drawing up a consignment agreement with the gallery owner or dealer that explicitly states the artwork is the property of the collector rather than of the gallery.

    That leaves one final question, which is whether there’s an epidemic of art galleries facing financial distress. Commentary on the state of the art market tends to be mixed, with art fair sales figures and the annual UBS market report generating pessimism and optimism in equal measure.

    “There’s barely any credit and lending in the gallery sector and businesses are already heavily burdened with rents, so many don’t have spare funds to ride it out,” Dr. Clare McAndrew, a cultural economist and founder for the Dundrum, Ireland-based Arts Economics research firm, told Observer. She added that after the worldwide financial crisis of 2008 and 2009, “many businesses were only starting to do well again in the last few years” and may not have the resources to weather this storm.

    So, how can one know if a particular gallery might be in financial distress? Insiders, such as art advisors, art lawyers or other dealers, may have an inkling. Pearlstein said that offers of “huge discounts of expensive artworks or firing most of the staff” might suggest a gallery is in trouble. One also could conduct a UCC search to see if a particular gallery owes money to multiple lenders and if there are any tax liens (by the IRS or otherwise) or judgments based on a failure to pay rent or repay loans. The filings won’t tell a complete story, but for collectors who are feeling anxious, they’re a place to start.

    The Impact of Art Gallery Closures on Artists and Collectors

    Daniel Grant

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