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Tag: Acceleration

  • The Physics Trick That Makes These New Super Cars So Insanely Fast

    The Physics Trick That Makes These New Super Cars So Insanely Fast

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    You can see that it’s limited by the materials in the tires and track (captured by the frictional coefficent) and the gravitational field (so, what planet you’re on). Notice that the mass has canceled out. It doesn’t matter if you have a more massive vehicle. Yes, you get more friction, but it’s also harder to accelerate.

    Constant-Friction Model

    Since constant power doesn’t work, what about a constant acceleration due to the friction between the tires and road? Let’s say the coefficient of friction is 0.7 (reasonable for a dry road). In that case we would get the following plot of velocity versus time for the quarter-mile run.

    I’ve included the constant-power curve just for comparison. You can see that with this friction model, the car will just keep increasing in speed forever with the same acceleration. That doesn’t seem correct either.

    A Better Model of Acceleration

    How about this? The car increases in velocity—however, the rate of increase (the acceleration) is the lower of the two models. So, at the beginning of the run the acceleration is limited by the friction between the tires and road. Then, when the acceleration using the constant power model is lower, we can use that method.

    Before we test this out, we need some real data for comparison. Since I don’t own a Porsche 911, I’m going to use the data from this MotorTrend race between a 911 and a Tesla Cybertruck. Here is a plot of the actual position of the Porsche over the quarter-mile track along with the combo power-friction model. (That’s now distance on the vertical axis—a quarter-mile is just about 400 meters.)

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    Rhett Allain

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  • Unlock the Secret of a Gravity-Defying Parkour Stunt—With Physics!

    Unlock the Secret of a Gravity-Defying Parkour Stunt—With Physics!

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    We can break that diagonal motion down into horizontal and vertical portions; for now let’s just focus on the former. Say you start with a horizontal velocity (v1) of –1 meter per second and rebound with a horizontal velocity (v2) of +1 m/s. The change of sign indicates the reversal of direction. Think of it like you’re moving back and forth along the x axis of a coordinate plane, negative to the left, positive to the right.

    Notice that your speed stays the same, but the velocity changes. (Remember, velocity has a direction.) In fact, because your horizontal velocity reverses, you get a big increase in velocity. (v2 – v1) = (1 – (–1)) = 2. This gives you a larger impact acceleration, a greater normal force, and more friction. The bouncing back and forth is the whole key to beating gravity in this stunt.

    So how much force would you need to exert to make one of these rebounding wall jumps? Let’s say you have a mass of 75 kilograms and a friction coefficient of 0.6, which is probably conservative for rubber soles.

    For starters, the frictional force (Ff) must equal or exceed the gravitational force (mg). The gravitational field strength on Earth (g) is 9.8 newtons per kilogram. So the gravitational force, (m x g) = 75 x 9.8 = 735 newtons.

    Now remember, the frictional force is the normal force times the coefficient of friction (Ff = μN). So to achieve a minimum frictional force of 735 newtons, we need a normal force of at least 1,225 newtons (Ff/μ = 735/0.6 = 1,225).

    Both of these forces, gravity and the normal force, are pushing on you, so we need to add them up to get the net force. Since they’re perpendicular, we can easily calculate the vector sum as 1,429 newtons. (Take note, kids: You want to be a parkour hero? Take linear algebra.)

    That means you need to push back with the same force (because forces are an interaction between two things). 1,429 newtons is a force of 321 pounds. That’s significant but not impossible. Doing it eight times in rapid succession, though? Not so easy.

    How much time do you have to do the turnaround? With the normal force and mass of the person, we can calculate the horizontal acceleration ax. By definition, that in turn equals the change in velocity per unit of time (Δt), so we can use that to solve for the time interval:

    Plugging in our numbers, we get a time interval of 0.12 second. In other words, if you hesitate you fall. Bottom line, if you want to do this awesome parkour stunt you gotta be strong, fast, and fearless—because if you run short of newtons halfway up, the descent is a lot faster than the ascent.

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    Rhett Allain

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  • Celebrating Educator Excellence with our First-Ever Discovery Education Award Recipients

    Celebrating Educator Excellence with our First-Ever Discovery Education Award Recipients

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    McKenna Akane, Alberton School District, Montana

    McKenna Akane designs lessons that are interactive, relevant, and meaningful by connecting classroom concepts to real-world applications and experiences. Whether through field trips, guest speakers, or project-based learning activities, she helps students see the practical implications of what they are learning, sparking their curiosity and engagement.

    Mrs. Akane has developed a proposal for a Virtual Reality (VR) project and curriculum that will truly revolutionize the way students across the country learn and interact with Montana’s Indigenous community. Working together with the University of Montana, Blackfoot Communications, and several other local partnerships, she has developed a K-12 project to provide meaningful Indian Education for All experiences. Utilizing high-powered computers and 360-degree cameras, students will reach out to Montana First Nations to record language, cultural traditions, ceremonies, and document tribal history from different Nations. In partnership with a VR education company, her students will then create VR lessons and tours and upload them to the company’s course offerings where other students across the world will be able to connect and interact with Montana’s Indigenous People virtually.

    Frank Bogden, Loudoun County Public Schools, Virginia 

    Mr. Bodgen uses a variety of materials, technology, and resources to promote the development of critical thinking, problem solving, and performance skills in all students. Mr. Bogden has gone from creating Genius Hours in his classroom to creating a Makerspace complete with LEGO bricks, Ozobots, Makey Makeys, and two 3-D Printers! He is particularly proud of how he discussed and used green screens for a myriad of uses for students. His lessons have inspired students to apply various greens screens to create stories, provide summaries, and create reports on a variety of academic topics. 

    Mr. Bogden is also credited with bringing computer science and Discovery Education resources into every classroom in the school! There were many teachers who didn’t know about Discovery Education and didn’t know their students could complete many computer science projects and concepts. The innovative initiatives Mr. Bodgen has spearheaded provide real-world connections, foster curiosity, and recognize the uniqueness of each student.

    Rodney Crouse, Guilford County Schools, North Carolina

    Rodney Crouse captures moments to hook and leave students on the edge of their seats when he’s teaching. He finds creative and invigorating ways to take students on an amazing learning journey. He infuses content across all core subjects to make learning time meaningful for all levels of learners.

    Mr. Crouse recently organized a virtual field trip touring a local museum, the Greensboro History Museum. He knew that students may not be able to see or feel the artifacts and that it was important to get them as close as possible. 

    The nomination for Mr. Crouse explained, “He looks for new challenges and ways to evolve as an educator. It’s like he’s on a real-time mission and looking for the schools/students who need him, and he works with district curriculum staff to create units for teacher use. When you watch him teach, he engages and connects with every learner in the process. That’s how he writes units and plans lessonswith students at the center of the learning.”

    Debbie Martin, Frederick County Public Schools, Virginia 

    Debbie Martin inspires other teachers to utilize resources, including Discovery Education tools, to allow students to independently discover, work collaboratively, and access curriculum in a way that helps them make sense of the world. Ms. Martin takes a vested interest in all she works with, both adults and students, to ensure they have access to the highest quality instructional support and resources.

    Ms. Martin led the district to increase the use of Discovery Education as a meaningful and intentional resource that drives student learning, specifically in social studies and science. Ms. Martin used her knowledge of Discovery Education tools, along with her excitement, to help teachers find valuable tools to provide direct instruction, independent discovery for students, collaborative activities, and even leveled reading. 

    As Ms. Martin wraps up her career as an educator, her growth is immeasurable. Her ability to coach teachers so that they are driving their own learning and discovery of resources is impeccable. Ms. Martin knows that everyone has different needs and continues to grow her strategies and resources to help others do the same!

    Rita Mortenson, Verona Area School District, Wisconsin

    Rita Mortenson is a technology coach who helps educators develop their capacity to use technology in equitable, creative, and meaningful ways. She loves finding creative ways to nurture student curiosity and allow them to showcase their knowledge authentically. 

    In the Verona Area School District, Ms. Mortenson has used Discovery Virtual Field Trips to pair high school students with various grades for collaborative learning events. After watching the virtual field trip, high school students and students from different grades engage in activities that deepen understanding and create connections. For example, after students watched the Discovery Education/LEGO Virtual Field Trip ‘Play to Learn,’ students from a neighboring elementary school came to the high school to work with a robotics class. They had an opportunity to build and play with LEGO bricks and robots.

    When she first joined the Discovery Educator Network, Ms. Mortenson was an enthusiastic participant, and over time, she has evolved as a leader. She recently presented at the DENSI Summer 2023 Institute, the 2023 Fall Virtcon, the 2024 “24+ Ways to Use DE in 2024,” and has a proposal accepted at ISTE that will focus on DE Virtual Field Trips. Ms. Mortenson’s involvement with DE reflects her commitment to her own learning and her contributions to educational technology advancement in her community.

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    Rachel Anzalone

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  • Remediation, Intervention, and Acceleration

    Remediation, Intervention, and Acceleration

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    Many intervention models include Response to intervention (RTI) or Multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) frameworks. MTSS is a coherent continuum of evidence-based, systemwide practices and procedures to support a rapid response to academic and behavioral needs. RTI is a multi-tiered approach to helping struggling learners that nestles within MTSS. It focuses on academics and individual students. Within RTI, students’ progress is closely monitored at each intervention stage to determine the need for further research-based instruction or intervention in general education, special education or both.

    Because intervention is individualized, it requires educators to invest much more time into identifying each student’s needs, differentiating lessons, and tracking progress. In a traditional intervention model, highly-trained instructors work 1:1 with students to provide the exact type of support they need. Many administrators turn to adaptive technology as a helpful tool to provide personalized intervention support at scale.

    Which students need intervention and which students just need a little help from time to time?

    Students fit into three intervention tiers; students within Tier I generally get the support they need from regular classroom instruction.

    • Tier III: Intensive level (1-5% of students)
      Learners are more than one grade level behind and require individualized, intensive skill-specific intervention with one-to-one or small-group instruction outside the classroom.
    • Tier II: Targeted level (5-15% of students)
      Learners are behind by one grade level and should receive individualized support. Educators often deliver instruction in small groups and target supplemental instruction and remediation of specific skills or concepts.
    • Tier I: Universal level (80-90% of students)
      Learners may need basic support, but they can get necessary intervention with high-quality, research-based instruction within the traditional classroom.

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    DE Staff

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