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  • Estados rojos y azules buscan limitar el uso de la inteligencia artificial en seguros de salud. Trump quiere lo opuesto – KFF Health News

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    ¿Cómo deben usar la inteligencia artificial (IA) las aseguradoras de salud? La respuesta a esta pregunta inusual de política pública, encuentra en un mismo bando al gobernador republicano Ron DeSantis, de Florida, y al gobierno demócrata de Maryland, los dos contra el presidente Donald Trump y el gobernador de California, Gavin Newsom.

    La regulación de la inteligencia artificial, en especial su uso por parte de las aseguradoras de salud, se está convirtiendo en un tema que divide políticamente y altera las líneas partidarias tradicionales.

    Quienes la impulsan, con Trump a la cabeza, no solo quieren insertar la IA de lleno en el gobierno, como en el experimento de Medicare que la utiliza en las autorizaciones previas (el proceso para autorizar ciertos tratamientos y medicamentos), sino que además buscan frenar a los estados que pretenden poner reglas y límites. Una orden ejecutiva firmada en diciembre busca invalidar la mayoría de los esfuerzos de los estados para regularla, al plantear que existe “una carrera con adversarios por la supremacía” en una nueva “revolución tecnológica”.

    “Para ganar, las empresas estadounidenses de IA deben tener la libertad de innovar sin regulaciones engorrosas”, dice la orden de Trump. “Pero la regulación estatal excesiva frustra este imperativo”.

    En todo el país, los estados se están rebelando. Al menos cuatro —Arizona, Maryland, Nebraska y Texas— aprobaron el año pasado leyes que limitan el uso de la IA en los seguros de salud. Otros dos, Illinois y California, habían aprobado leyes similares el año anterior.

    Los legisladores de Rhode Island se proponen intentarlo de nuevo este año, después de que durante 2025 no lograran sancionar un proyecto que exigía a los organismos reguladores que recopilaran datos sobre el uso de las tecnologías. El año pasado, en Carolina del Norte, una iniciativa que exige que las aseguradoras no utilicen la IA como única base para decidir la cobertura generó interés entre legisladores republicanos.

    DeSantis, ex candidato presidencial del Partido Republicano, ha presentado una “Carta de Derechos de la IA”, cuyas disposiciones incluyen restricciones a su uso en la tramitación de reclamos de seguros y el requisito de que un organismo regulador estatal inspeccione los algoritmos.

    “Tenemos la responsabilidad de garantizar que las nuevas tecnologías se desarrollen de forma moral y ética, de modo que refuercen nuestros valores estadounidenses, no que los erosionen”, dijo DeSantis durante su discurso anual sobre la situación de su estado en enero.

    Lista para regular

    Las encuestas muestran que los estadounidenses desconfían de la IA. En diciembre, un relevamiento  de Fox News encontró que el 63% de los votantes se describen como “muy” o “extremadamente” preocupados por la inteligencia artificial. La preocupación es mayoritaria en todo el espectro político. Casi dos tercios de los demócratas y poco más de 3 de cada 5 republicanos dijeron tener reparos sobre la IA.

    Las tácticas de las aseguradoras de salud para reducir costos también preocupan a la población. Una encuesta de enero de KFF mostró un descontento generalizado en temas como la autorización previa.

    En los últimos años, informes de ProPublica y otros medios han destacado el uso de algoritmos para rechazar rápidamente reclamos de seguros o solicitudes de autorización previa, al parecer con muy poca revisión por parte de un profesional de salud.

    En enero, el Comité de Medios y Arbitrios de la Cámara de Representantes convocó a ejecutivos de Cigna, UnitedHealth Group y otras grandes aseguradoras para discutir preocupaciones sobre los altos costos de la atención médica.

    Cuando se les preguntó directamente, los ejecutivos negaron o evitaron referirse al uso de la tecnología más avanzada para rechazar solicitudes de autorización o descartar reclamos.

    La IA “nunca se utiliza para una denegación”, aseguró a los legisladores David Cordani, director ejecutivo de Cigna. Al igual que otras empresas del sector de seguros de salud, la compañía enfrenta demandas por sus métodos para rechazar reclamos, como destacó ProPublica. Justine Sessions, vocera de Cigna, dijo que el proceso de rechazo de reclamos de la empresa “no está impulsado por la IA”.

    De hecho, las compañías insisten en presentar la IA como una herramienta de apoyo que no decide sola. Optum, parte del gigante de la salud UnitedHealth Group, anunció el 4 de febrero que implementaría autorización previa impulsada por tecnología, destacando que permitirá aprobaciones más rápidas.

    “Estamos transformando el proceso de autorización previa para abordar los puntos de conflicto que genera”, dijo John Kontor, vicepresidente sénior de Optum, en un comunicado de prensa.

    Aun así, Alex Bores, científico informático y miembro de la Asamblea de Nueva York, una figura clave en el debate legislativo del estado sobre la IA—que terminó en una ley integral para regular esta tecnología—, aseguró que la IA es un campo que, naturalmente, requiere regulación.

    “Muchas personas consideran que las respuestas que reciben de sus aseguradoras son difíciles de entender”, dijo Bores, demócrata que compite por un escaño en el Congreso. “Agregar una tecnología que no puede explicar sus propias decisiones no ayudará a hacer las cosas más claras”.

    Al menos una parte del ámbito de la salud —por ejemplo, muchos médicos— respalda a los legisladores y a quienes defienden las regulaciones.

    La Asociación Médica Americana (AMA, por sus siglas en inglés) “apoya las regulaciones estatales que buscan más responsabilidad y transparencia de las aseguradoras comerciales que usan herramientas de IA y aprendizaje automático para revisar solicitudes de autorización previa”, dijo John Whyte, su director ejecutivo.

    Whyte señaló que las aseguradoras ya utilizan IA y que “los médicos siguen enfrentando retrasos en la atención de los pacientes, decisiones poco claras de las aseguradoras, reglas de autorización inconsistentes y una carga administrativa abrumadora”.

    Las aseguradoras responden

    Con legislación aprobada o pendiente de aprobación en por lo menos nueve estados, aún no está claro el impacto real que tendrán esas leyes estatales, dijo Daniel Schwarcz, profesor de Derecho en la Universidad de Minnesota. Los estados no pueden regular los planes “autoasegurados”, que utilizan muchos empleadores; solo el gobierno federal tiene esa facultad.

    Pero hay problemas más profundos, dijo Schwarcz: la mayoría de las leyes estatales que ha visto exigirían que un ser humano apruebe cualquier decisión propuesta por la IA, pero no especifican qué significa eso en la práctica.

    Las leyes no ofrecen un marco claro para entender cuánta revisión es suficiente y, con el tiempo, los humanos tienden a volverse un poco descuidados y simplemente dan el visto bueno a cualquier sugerencia de una computadora, dijo.

    Aun así, las aseguradoras ven esta ola de proyectos de ley como un problema.

    “En términos generales, la carga regulatoria es real”, dijo Dan Jones, vicepresidente sénior de asuntos federales de la Alliance of Community Health Plans, un grupo comercial que representa a algunas aseguradoras de salud sin fines de lucro. Si las aseguradoras pasan mucho tiempo lidiando con un mosaico de leyes estatales y federales, agregó, eso significa que se dispondrá de “menos tiempo y recursos para enfocarnos en lo que se supone que debemos hacer: asegurarnos de que los pacientes tengan el acceso adecuado a la atención médica”.

    Linda Ujifusa, senadora estatal demócrata en Rhode Island, dijo que las aseguradoras se opusieron el año pasado a un proyecto que presentó para restringir el uso de la IA en las denegaciones de cobertura. Fue aprobado en una cámara, pero en la otra no avanzó.

    “Hay una oposición enorme” a cualquier intento de regular prácticas como la autorización previa, dijo, y también “una oposición enorme” a señalar a intermediarios —como las aseguradoras privadas o los administradores de beneficios farmacéuticos— “como parte del problema”.

    En una carta en la que criticó el proyecto, AHIP, el principal grupo que representa a las aseguradoras, pidió “políticas equilibradas que promuevan la innovación y, al mismo tiempo, protejan a los pacientes”.

    “Los planes de salud reconocen que la IA tiene el potencial de impulsar mejores resultados en la atención médica mejorando la experiencia del paciente, cerrando brechas en la atención, acelerando la innovación y reduciendo la carga administrativa y los costos para mejorar el enfoque en la atención al paciente”, dijo Chris Bond, portavoz de AHIP, a KFF Health News.

    Y agregó que el sector necesita “un enfoque nacional coherente basado en un marco federal integral de políticas de IA”.

    En busca de equilibrio

    En California, Newsom ha promulgado algunas leyes que regulan la IA, incluida una que exige que las aseguradoras de salud garanticen que sus algoritmos se apliquen de manera justa y equitativa. Pero el gobernador demócrata ha vetado otras iniciativas con un enfoque más amplio, como un proyecto que imponía más requisitos sobre cómo debe funcionar la tecnología y que exigía revelar su uso a reguladores, médicos y pacientes cuando lo pidieran.

    Según Chris Micheli, lobista de Sacramento, es probable que el gobernador quiera asegurarse de que el presupuesto estatal —que se mantiene fuerte gracias a las grandes ganancias de la Bolsa, especialmente de las empresas tecnológicas— no se resienta. Y para eso, dijo, hace falta equilibrio.

    Newsom está tratando de “garantizar que ese flujo de dinero continúe y, al mismo tiempo, que haya algunas protecciones para los consumidores de California”, afirmó. Añadió que las aseguradoras consideran que ya están sujetas a una gran cantidad de regulaciones.

    La administración Trump parece estar de acuerdo. La reciente orden ejecutiva del presidente propone demandar ante la Justicia y restringir ciertos fondos federales a cualquier estado que apruebe lo que caracteriza como una regulación estatal “excesiva”, con algunas excepciones, como las políticas destinadas a proteger a los niños.

    Esa orden posiblemente sea inconstitucional, dijo Carmel Shachar, experta en políticas de salud de la Facultad de Derecho de Harvard. La autoridad para invalidar leyes estatales generalmente recae en el Congreso, explicó, y los legisladores federales consideraron en dos ocasiones, pero finalmente rechazaron, una disposición que prohibía a los estados regular la IA.

    “Según nuestro conocimiento previo del federalismo y del equilibrio de poderes entre el Congreso y el Poder Ejecutivo, es muy probable que una impugnación tenga éxito”, dijo Shachar.

    Algunos legisladores ven la orden de Trump con mucho escepticismo, y señalan que la administración ha eliminado controles y ha impedido que otros los establezcan, en un grado extremo.

    “En este momento, no se trata de decidir si la regulación debe ser federal o estatal”, dijo Alex Bores. “La pregunta es si va a haber regulación a nivel estatal o directamente no va a haber ninguna”.

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    Darius Tahir and Lauren Sausser

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  • Israel: Jaffa resident arrested after search of compound uncovers cocaine | Cannabis Law Report

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    The arrest occured one day after an undercover investigation foiled a drug smuggling attempt along the Jordanian border.

    A 30-year-old resident of Jaffa was arrested after a search of a compound yielded dozens of doses of cocaine, the Israel Police confirmed on Wednesday.

    A non-lethal grenade was also found and confiscated. In addition, five security cameras that had been recording nearby public areas were removed.

    The suspect was taken to the police station for questioning.

    Israel Border Police foil drug smuggling attempt at Jordanian border

    An undercover investigation by the Israel Anti-Terrorism Unit led to the arrest of a 30-year-old Bedouin resident suspected of trafficking nearly 14 kg of drugs on Tuesday night, according to a statement by the Israel Police on Wednesday.

    Read more

    https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/jaffa-resident-arrested-search-compound-172627734.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAALxIu1PT1VhdnU8eBW8xitDdGT1qjWcc576GoyJh_w72IAOLdT6biQfQLttT6IE5g8YAiy4GS8amLKVz7T0-ARAL4j8mYMsSmlfnMUUjzQ-eQAaljwbIl4OazkaradhByuysegSUJpNd3k1QsPaAB7_pxlWGBUoZBebbWFQ7pvQY

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    Sean Hocking

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  • The INCBA may want to take this CLE programme down! – “The Changing Face of Raising Money: From Equity to Debt & Convertible Debt” | Cannabis Law Report

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    Why?

    Well it’s very simple.

    This INCBA CLE presentation

    The Changing Face of Raising Money: From Equity to Debt & Convertible Debt

    Was presented by

    Samantha Gleit |  Tahira Rehmatullah, President |  Nicholas Vita

    Note that last name, Nicholas Vita

    Nicholas Vita

     

    Mr Vita has just landed himself in very hot water in the B.C. courts for the following (see below BIV report) and knock me down with a feather but here at CLR we get the sense that he’s providing information in this sanctioned INCBA CLE programme that costs $USD75 for non members  on the very same topic that a judge in Canada has just said Vita was

    “Fully liable for a debt he guaranteed through an offshore margin account, despite the man’s claims that the arrangement was an illegal sham.”

    CLR has not listened to the CLE presentation as it is behind the $USD75 paywall but the very title, “The Changing Face of Raising Money: From Equity to Debt & Convertible Debt” more than implies he’s providing advice on the topic.

    I presume this disclaimer on their website, they believe, removes any liability on their part.

    INCBA’s website includes facts, views, opinions, and recommendations of third parties deemed to be of interest. INCBA does not guarantee the accuracy, reliability, completeness, or timeliness of, or otherwise endorse these views, opinions, or recommendations. You acknowledge that any reliance upon any such opinion, advice, statement, memorandum, or information shall be at your own risk. INCBA does not endorse any person for any skill, concentration, or expertise. The use of the Internet or this form for identification of or communication with any member does not establish an attorney-client relationship.

    © 2026 Canbar Association DBA International Cannabis Bar Association. All rights reserved.
    International Cannabis Bar Association, Cannabis Law Institute, Canbar Forum, and INCBArchives are service marks of the Canbar Association.

    If Vita were on a normal zoom/you tube chat fest provided via the INCBA this would neither be here nor there but the fact that his opinions are part of a paid for CLE programme do leave cause for concern and make one think about their vetting processes for CLE speakers at the INCBA.

    To be honest I’ve never taken that close a look at the INCBA CLE programme which is obviously their main cash cow these days.

    But I think it is probably time to comb through and take a closer look at the topics and the presenters.

    For example with the quickest of cursory glances, within seconds, I notice this CLE presentation.

    Anybody with a long enough memory will remember that the first presenter on “Hold Fast – The Rule of Law and the Rules of Professional Conduct”, Jessica McElfresh had a run in with the courts in California back in 2018 on exactly the topic being presented.

    Yes the DA did drop the charges as we reported at the time

    But it must be noted

    The San Diego County district attorney’s office has agreed to drop felony charges against Jessica McElfresh, an attorney who represents marijuana businesses and whose case generated national attention.

    McElfresh vowed to plead guilty in 12 months to violating San Diego municipal code, an infraction. An agreement signed Monday stipulates that she cannot violate any laws within that timeframe.

    McElfresh declined to comment. Her attorney, Eugene Iredale, did not respond to an interview request.

    The agreement also stipulates that McElfresh must pay a $250 fine, go through a state bar ethics program and pass a professional responsibility exam, and complete 80 hours of community service.

    Source: https://voiceofsandiego.org/2018/07/24/da-drops-felony-charges-against-lawyer-who-defended-marijuana-businessman/

    At Long Last San Diego DA Drops Charges Against Lawyer Jessica McElfresh

     

    See all our reports on the case here

    McElfresh is a seasoned cannabis lawyer who has been through the ringer and CLR suggests that both she and the INCBA could have used a little more thought before putting her on this particular CLE Program.

    Maybe they thought her experience was exactly why she should be the presenter, CLR would argue that with a paid CLE program that thinking is drawing a fine line

    BIV Canada write

    B.C.’s Supreme Court has ordered a former cannabis company executive to pay more than $7.4 million after he engaged in a high-stakes financial workaround designed to bypass U.S. securities regulations.

    Handed down Feb. 12, the decision from Justice Simon R. Coval found Nicholas Vita was fully liable for a debt he guaranteed through an offshore margin account, despite the man’s claims that the arrangement was an illegal sham.

    In 2019, Vita was CEO of two cannabis companies, Columbia Care LLC and Columbia Care Inc., when they closed a major deal with the Canadian financial services firm Canaccord Genuity Corp. to take the company public on the Canadian stock exchange.

    Vita and Columbia Care’s executive director and chairman Michael Abbott raised the idea of leveraging their shares in the businesses as collateral for a multimillion-dollar loan.

    Known as a “margin account,” such a loan allows the account holder to borrow against the value of the securities it deposits as collateral.

    Both sides agreed that as a Canadian company, Canaccord could not open a margin account for Vita personally because he is a U.S. citizen subject to U.S. regulatory laws, according to Coval’s ruling.

    “Instead, the margin account was opened in the name of Amaranthus, an Isle of Man company beneficially owned by Mr. Abbott’s family trust,” wrote the judge.

    That summer, more than 10.6 million shares from Columbia Care were deposited into the account at a value of about $6.50 a share. Canaccord then paid loans into the account totalling US$11.3 million.

    Four months later, Vita asked Canaccord for Amaranthus to borrow another US$2 million.

    Read more

    https://www.biv.com/news/economy-law-politics/bc-court-orders-former-us-cannabis-ceo-to-pay-74m-after-offshore-deal-collapses-11881049

     

    More Vita …talking the talk. It’s all about the mighty $

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    Sean Hocking

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  • Lychee Runtz Strain Feminized Seeds I Exotic High Potency Strain

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    About CropKingSeeds

    Established in 2005, Crop King Seeds has been perfecting the genetics of the cannabis plant for medical and commercial grower seeking maximum results in THC levels and harvest size.
    From classic strains to new age hybrids, our seeds are ideal for beginners and advanced growers wanting the best from the crop.

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    Alex Bench

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  • Pineapple Nougat Strain Feminized Seeds I Heavy-hitting Indica Dominant

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    About CropKingSeeds

    Established in 2005, Crop King Seeds has been perfecting the genetics of the cannabis plant for medical and commercial grower seeking maximum results in THC levels and harvest size.
    From classic strains to new age hybrids, our seeds are ideal for beginners and advanced growers wanting the best from the crop.

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    Alex Bench

    Source link

  • Turbo Gas Strain Feminized Seeds I High Octane Indica Dominant

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    About CropKingSeeds

    Established in 2005, Crop King Seeds has been perfecting the genetics of the cannabis plant for medical and commercial grower seeking maximum results in THC levels and harvest size.
    From classic strains to new age hybrids, our seeds are ideal for beginners and advanced growers wanting the best from the crop.

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    Alex Bench

    Source link

  • The Cannabis Psychosis Paradox: Why Society Fears the Wrong Things

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    The Psychosis Paradox: Why Society Fears the Wrong Things

    Let me tell you something that’s going to piss off every pearl-clutching prohibitionist from here to Capitol Hill: your kid has a better statistical chance of losing their grip on reality from living in your “safe” metropolitan neighborhood than from smoking a joint on the weekends.

    I know. I can already hear the outcry. “But Reginald, what about all those studies showing cannabis causes psychosis?”

    Yeah, what about them? Let’s actually read the damn things instead of just the headlines.

    The Numbers Game Nobody Wants You to Understand

    Here’s the reality that gets buried under every sensationalized headline about “marijuana-induced madness“: the baseline annual incidence of psychotic disorders in the general population is approximately 0.0027%. That’s 2.7 cases per 100,000 people. You have better odds of being struck by lightning.

    Now, when we factor in cannabis use, even among daily users of high-potency products, that risk climbs to somewhere between 0.008% and 0.011% annually. Over a ten-year period, we’re talking about a cumulative risk of 0.08% to 0.11%.

    Let me put that in terms even your prohibitionist uncle can understand: if you gathered 1,000 daily cannabis users in a room, after a full decade of daily consumption, statistically one of them might develop a psychotic disorder. Maybe.

    But here’s where it gets interesting—and where the entire narrative collapses like a house of cards in a hurricane.

    The Things We Actually Accept That Shatter Minds

    While we’re busy demonizing a plant that’s been used by humans for millennia, we’re completely ignoring the environmental and social factors that have far more potent psychosis-triggering effects. And not only are we ignoring them—we’re actively encouraging them.

    1. Childhood Trauma: The Silent Psychosis Factory

    Society loves to talk about “resilience” and “overcoming adversity.” We’ve turned childhood trauma into a character-building narrative, complete with inspirational quotes and motivational seminars.

    The science tells a different story: individuals who experienced severe childhood trauma are roughly 3 to 12 times more likely to experience psychosis later in life. That’s not a typo. We’re talking about a risk multiplier that makes cannabis look like a rounding error.

    The mechanism is well-understood: severe adversity during critical developmental windows fundamentally alters the brain’s dopamine regulation systems—the exact same pathways implicated in psychotic disorders. It’s a “kindling effect” that primes the brain for hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia decades before any symptoms manifest.

    But do we see public health campaigns warning parents that screaming at their kids or exposing them to domestic violence carries a psychosis risk twelve times higher than daily cannabis use? Of course not. That would require acknowledging uncomfortable truths about our own behavior.

    2. Sleep Deprivation: The Culturally Celebrated Mind-Breaker

    You know what’s really fascinating? We can induce psychotic symptoms in nearly 100% of the population with perfect reliability. No genetics required. No pre-existing conditions. Just keep someone awake for 72 to 96 hours.

    Total sleep deprivation causes hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia in otherwise healthy individuals with a near-perfect success rate. It’s one of the most reliable ways to trigger a psychotic-like state that we know of.

    And yet, we celebrate it. We venerate the college student pulling all-nighters. We applaud the entrepreneur who “sleeps when they’re dead.” We give military medals to soldiers who push through exhaustion. New parents are expected to simply “tough it out” through months of severe sleep disruption.

    The irony is exquisite: sleep deprivation can cause a psychotic break in anyone, regardless of genetic predisposition, but we reserve our moral panic for a plant that might slightly increase risk in a tiny fraction of genetically vulnerable individuals.

    3. City Living: The Aspirational Psychosis Incubator

    Here’s something that should be front-page news but somehow never is: people born and raised in major cities have approximately 2 to 3 times the risk of developing schizophrenia or psychotic symptoms compared to those in rural areas.

    This isn’t speculation. This is one of the most consistent findings in psychiatric epidemiology. The mechanism is straightforward: constant low-level social competition (“social defeat”), chronic noise pollution, lack of green space, and unrelenting sensory stimulation all act as chronic stressors on the brain’s threat-detection systems.

    In other words, the “urban lifestyle” that we’ve normalized—that we’ve made the default setting for modern success—is literally driving people insane at rates comparable to or exceeding heavy cannabis use.

    But nobody’s calling for public health warnings on apartment leases in Manhattan or San Francisco. Nobody’s suggesting we restrict young people from moving to cities until their prefrontal cortex fully develops at age 25. That would be absurd, right?

    Exactly as absurd as the current approach to cannabis.

    4. Social Isolation: The Modern Plague Nobody Mentions

    Humans are obligate social animals. Our brains developed in the context of constant social interaction, using other people as “reality anchors”—external validators that help us distinguish what’s real from what’s imagined.

    Remove that scaffolding, and the brain starts generating its own internal stimuli. Chronic social isolation carries a relative psychosis risk of approximately 2 to 3 times baseline—right in line with heavy cannabis use.

    Yet we’ve built an entire society around digital-only interactions and solo living arrangements. We’ve normalized conditions that fundamentally deprive the brain of the social input it needs to maintain a stable grip on consensus reality.

    The loneliness epidemic isn’t just making people sad—it’s making them crazy. Literally. But you won’t see that statistic splashed across newspaper headlines.

    The Comparison Nobody Wants to Make

    Let’s put this in a simple table, shall we?

    Factor

    Estimated Relative Risk

    Social Perception

    Heavy Cannabis Use

    2.0 – 4.0x

    Highly stigmatized

    Urban Living

    2.0 – 3.0x

    Aspirational

    Severe Childhood Trauma

    3.0 – 12.0x

    “Private matter”

    Social Isolation

    2.0 – 3.0x

    Modern reality

    Sleep Deprivation

    Nearly 100% if extreme

    Badge of honor

    Notice anything interesting? Cannabis carries a comparable or lower psychosis risk than multiple factors we not only accept but actively celebrate.

    The Confounding Variables They Don’t Want You Thinking About

    Here’s what really undermines the entire “cannabis causes psychosis” narrative: the overwhelming majority of psychosis risk in cannabis users is driven by two factors that have nothing to do with the plant itself.

    First: genetic predisposition. If you have a family history of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder—particularly specific polymorphisms in the COMT and AKT1 genes—your brain’s dopamine regulation is already compromised. Cannabis doesn’t cause your psychosis; it potentially accelerates a timeline that was already written in your DNA.

    Second: the neurodevelopmental window. The age range of 16-25 represents the highest risk period because the adolescent brain is undergoing massive structural changes—synaptic pruning, myelination, prefrontal cortex development. Early exposure to any mind-altering substance during this critical period can disrupt these processes.

    But you know what else disrupts these processes? Trauma. Chronic stress. Sleep deprivation. Social isolation. Urban environmental stressors.

    Yet somehow, we’ve decided to laser-focus our public health hysteria on the one thing that’s been used safely by millions of people for thousands of years.

    Why the Narrative Persists

    So why does the “cannabis psychosis” panic endure when the actual evidence shows it’s a statistically minor risk compared to accepted societal norms?

    Because acknowledging the real psychosis triggers would require us to confront uncomfortable truths about how we’ve structured modern society. It would mean admitting that our cities are making people sick. That our work culture is pathological. That our acceptance of childhood trauma as “just life” is literally breaking brains. That our atomized, digitally-mediated existence is severing the social connections that keep us sane.

    It’s much easier to blame a plant.

    The prohibition machine doesn’t run on evidence—it runs on fear. And fear requires a simple villain. Cannabis fits that role perfectly because demonizing it doesn’t require any of us to change our behavior or examine our societal structures.

    The Sticky Bottom Line

    Look, I’m not here to tell you that cannabis carries zero risk. Nothing in life carries zero risk. Coffee can trigger arrhythmias. Aspirin can cause internal bleeding. Driving to work is statistically more dangerous than smoking weed, but we don’t see congressional hearings about the “automobile epidemic.”

    The question isn’t whether cannabis can, in rare cases and vulnerable individuals, contribute to psychotic episodes. The question is: why are we treating this particular risk as a moral emergency while ignoring or celebrating risk factors that are equally or significantly more dangerous?

    If we actually cared about preventing psychosis—if this was genuinely about public health rather than prohibition politics—we’d be mounting massive campaigns to address childhood trauma, urbanicity, social isolation, and sleep deprivation. We’d be restructuring cities, reforming work culture, and investing in social connection infrastructure.

    Instead, we’re arresting people for possessing a plant that carries a 0.008% annual psychosis risk while ignoring the fact that making them live in a cramped urban apartment, working 80-hour weeks with four hours of sleep, completely isolated from meaningful human connection, carries a far higher risk of shattering their sanity.

    The absolute risk of cannabis-induced psychosis is low. The relative hypocrisy of those pushing this narrative is astronomical.

    Maybe it’s time we started asking the tough question: if we’re so concerned about psychosis, why are we only afraid of the things that don’t threaten the status quo?

     

    DOES CANNABIS CAUSE PSYCHOSIS, READ ON…

    youth cannabis leads to adult psychosis

    DOES CANNABIS USE AS A KID LEAD TO ADULT PSYCHOSIS?

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  • The Trump Administration Is Ending Aid That It Says Saves Lives

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    A year after the Trump administration began the dismantlement of USAID, it is initiating a new round of significant cuts to foreign assistance. This time, programs that survived the initial purge precisely because they were judged to be lifesaving are slated for cancellation.

    According to an internal State Department email obtained by The Atlantic, the administration will soon end all of the humanitarian funding it is currently providing as part of a “responsible exit” from seven African nations, and redirect funding in nine others. Aid programs in all of these countries had previously been up for renewal from now through the end of September but will instead be allowed to expire. Each of them is classified as lifesaving according to the Trump administration’s standards.

    The administration had already canceled the entire aid packages of two nations, Afghanistan and Yemen, where the State Department said terrorists were diverting resources. The new email, sent on February 12 to officials in the State Department’s Bureau of African Affairs, makes no such claims about the seven countries now losing all U.S. humanitarian aid: Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Malawi, Mali, Niger, Somalia, and Zimbabwe. Instead, according to the email, these projects are being canceled because “there is no strong nexus between the humanitarian response and U.S. national interests.” (The nine countries eligible for redirected funding are Ethiopia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Uganda, South Sudan, and Sudan.)

    A spokesperson for the State Department told me in an email that “as USAID winds down, the State Department is responsibly moving programming onto new mechanisms” with “longer periods of performance and updated award and oversight terms.” The State Department has recently begun signing health-financing agreements with some African governments—including Cameroon and Malawi, as well as five of the nine countries eligible for redirected funding—that will go into effect later this year. These agreements focus on strengthening health systems and containing infectious diseases but don’t seem to address the hunger or displacement crises that aid groups are fighting in these countries. The department’s internal email notes that aid projects in the nine eligible countries will be able to receive U.S. assistance via a UN program. But aid groups in at least one of those countries have already lost their U.S. funding, and much remains unknown about if and when additional support might come. The State Department spokesperson, who did not provide their name, offered no further specifics when asked.

    As I wrote earlier this month, under Donald Trump, the U.S. has adopted an “America First” approach to foreign aid, in which many humanitarian projects are selected based not on need but on what the administration might receive in return. This latest aid purge appears to be following that pattern. Across the seven countries barred from U.S. aid, at least 6.2 million people are facing “extreme or catastrophic conditions,” according to the UN. But they have little to offer the U.S. in return for help. In other cases, the State Department has restored or offered aid in exchange for desirable mineral rights, or as payment for agreeing to accept U.S. deportees. Six of the seven countries mine comparatively few minerals that the Trump administration needs to fuel the AI boom. And only one, Cameroon, appears to have accepted a handful of deportees.

    The email also confirms that the U.S. will no longer allow American taxpayer dollars to flow to these seven countries through the UN’s Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, or OCHA. Previously, the U.S. placed a significant amount of money in the UN’s global humanitarian pool, then trusted OCHA to allocate it. But in December, Jeremy Lewin, a senior official in the State Department, announced at a press conference that the administration would allow its contributions to the UN body to be spent only in an initial list of 17 countries, which included none of the seven whose current aid will soon end entirely. (According to Eri Kaneko, a spokesperson for OCHA, one more country has since been added to the list.) Lewin also announced that the U.S. would be contributing an initial $2 billion in 2026, far less than the country’s typical contributions.

    The State Department spokesperson called OCHA’s pooled funding “a gold standard in flexible humanitarian funding.” But according to two senior humanitarian-aid experts and one State Department employee—who, like a number of people I interviewed for this story, asked to remain anonymous to discuss matters they were not authorized to speak about publicly, or because they feared the administration’s retribution—Lewin’s announcement blindsided State Department officials, embassy heads, and aid groups.

    The nine other countries named in the internal State Department email appear to be included in the reworked partnership between the U.S. and OCHA. According to the email, the State Department will end lifesaving awards in those places, for reasons that the email does not explain and the State Department spokesperson did not provide. (Ethiopia, Congo, and Kenya will be among the beneficiaries of Food for Peace, a program that was formerly part of USAID but is now, as of Christmas Eve, run by the Department of Agriculture.) The aid the selected countries receive through OCHA will come with new restrictions and monitoring requirements. According to guidance that OCHA distributed and I obtained, any American contributions to OCHA must be spent within six months of being donated. According to the two humanitarian experts, one based in South Sudan and the other in Washington, what groups will get this money and when any of it will be distributed is still hazy.

    Since the December press conference, “the legal work of formulating formal awards for each recipient country has been taken forward rapidly,” Kaneko, the OCHA spokesperson, told me in a text message. “Extensive preparatory work has also been underway at both the country and global levels on the administration of this grant.” Kaneko defended the six-month deadline for spending, writing that, because several major countries have pulled back their contributions, “it is critical that these funds are translated swiftly into life-saving action for people who urgently need assistance and protection.”

    The aid programs being phased out this year were already notable for their continued existence. From January to March last year, the Department of Government Efficiency, led by Elon Musk, helped purge 83 percent of American foreign aid. Many more awards were canceled during a review by the White House’s Office of Management and Budget. The administration’s stated aims in so aggressively reducing foreign aid were to eliminate wasteful, “woke” awards while preserving work that it determined saved lives.

    The administration’s definition of lifesaving was particularly strict. Funding for programs that fought tuberculosis and sent food to people who are chronically hungry, not yet starving, has been canceled. But stabilization centers that provide inpatient treatment to the most extremely malnourished children have generally, though not universally, been spared. Each of the newly canceled awards represents an occasion in which federal workers had previously convinced Trump appointees that the money would help meet the most basic survival needs of people fleeing war, caught in deadly disease outbreaks, or in danger of starving to death, a former senior State Department official, who left the administration last fall, told me. “It has to be: ‘If we don’t deliver this, people die immediately,’” they said.

    Since the destruction of USAID last year, administration representatives have repeatedly insisted that lifesaving aid was being preserved. Last March, Musk posted on X, “No one has died as result of a brief pause to do a sanity check on foreign aid funding. No one.” Secretary of State Marco Rubio has similarly claimed that reports of people dying because of USAID cuts were lies, and promised last spring that “no children are dying on my watch.” But reports of deaths that appear clearly linked to the cuts abound.

    Conditions in some of the countries where aid is being canceled are already dire. Somalia, which will soon receive no American humanitarian funding at all, is undergoing a severe drought; earlier this year, analysts for the federal government reported that the hunger crisis is so extreme it could deteriorate into full-blown famine by this summer. Hundreds of health and nutrition centers in Somalia shut down after last year’s steep aid cuts, according to Doctors Without Borders. In a regional hospital that Doctors Without Borders supports, deaths among severely malnourished children younger than 5 have increased by 44 percent, Hareth Mohammed, a communications manager working for the organization in Somalia, told me. Jocelyn Wyatt, the CEO of the Minnesota-based nonprofit Alight that works in many countries affected by war or natural disaster, told me that her organization will have to close more than a dozen health facilities in Somalia in the next week, leaving as many as 200,000 people without any health care.

    According to Wyatt, State Department officials had said in December that they were “optimistic” about funding for her organization’s work in Sudan being renewed in 2026. But last month, the State Department said the grant would actually end in February. Alight has run out of U.S. funding, and Wyatt told me that she has received no confirmation of if and when OCHA funds will materialize. (“We are working on allocating the funds as quickly as possible,” Kaneko said.) Alight has been forced to pull out of three refugee camps in Sudan, which Trump described on his social-media platform in November as “the most violent place on Earth and, likewise, the single biggest Humanitarian Crisis.” In nearly three years of civil war, more than 150,000 people have been killed in the country. The Trump administration maintains that genocide and famine are taking place there. Yet the global humanitarian effort to respond remains severely underfunded; this year, the World Food Program plans to reduce the rations it gives to people facing famine by 70 percent. Over the past month, Alight has closed 30 health clinics, 14 nutrition centers, and laid off more than 250 doctors, nurses, and staff members around Sudan, Wyatt said. In the three camps Alight exited, the organization had provided the only sources of health care. (The State Department spokesperson did not respond to questions about Alight’s funding.)

    I spoke with an Alight worker who has been breaking the news of the sudden closures to people in displacement camps in Sudan over the past month, to sobs and disbelief. Many arrive at the camps wounded, and now, the nearest health facility—a regional hospital—is a three-hour drive away from the camps through a war zone. “They are afraid,” the worker told me, of venturing into territory that’s rife with the same militants they have fled. Alight would drive refugees to the hospital when they presented with issues too severe to treat at the camps. But with the new cuts, the organization no longer has enough money to rent the cars.

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    Hana Kiros

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  • More Equipment Won’t Fix Your Yield Problems

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    The head grower at a 100,000-square-foot facility was getting hammered over flat yields.

    Investors wanted “efficiency,” the CEO wanted a silver bullet, and everyone wanted a clean story to explain why the numbers would magically go up next quarter.

    Under that pressure, leadership did what struggling operations often do: they switched nutrients and bought a new fertigation system.

    Recirc pumps, dosing equipment, touchscreens, the works. It looked like progress, it photographed well, and it sounded like the kind of fix executives love to talk about on calls.

    Six figures later, the irrigation room was a showroom. Pallets of the old fertilizer were shoved into a corner while the new system rhythmically clicked along.

    On paper, they had “addressed” the yield problem. But in the grow rooms, nothing had changed.

    I’ve watched this same decision pattern repeat inside enough commercial grow operations to know that equipment rarely fixes what execution broke. 

    The Wrong Upgrade

    Six months in, yields hadn’t budged, and production costs had actually increased. The culprit wasn’t nutrients. It was neglect.

    Stock plants were old and tired. Moms that should have been replaced at four months were still in service at 18, some pushing two years. Their woody branches and crispy fan leaves towered over the staff. The propagation crew called them “grandmas,” a joke that stopped being funny when cloning success only hit 40%.

    When the cuttings didn’t root, the scramble began.

    Immature plants got pushed into veg, or overages from previous lots were dragged forward to plug gaps. By the time the room flipped, plant height and structure were all over the place. Irrigation became a guessing game as workers struggled to avoid overwatering or underwatering the wildly uneven crop.

    Drip lines weren’t flushed or maintained between runs, so salt buildup clogged the emitters, leaving some plants bone-dry while the rest looked fine. The only way to find the victims was to wait until they visibly wilted, then rush in and water by hand.

    Stressed plants did what stressed cannabis plants do: they hermied and seeded their neighbors. Yields barely met minimum per-square-foot targets, while production costs matched those of a well-run facility twice its size.

    By the time leadership realized the return on their shiny new installation was a financial rounding error, the money was already gone.

    The problem was never the crop. It was the discipline. And there wasn’t any.

    The Wrong Focus

    Everyone involved believed the new system was the solution. Ripping out old equipment, installing high-tech gear, and stacking pallets of fresh fertilizer with loud labels is the kind of story executives are eager to tell. You can point at it. You can show it to investors. You can stand in front of it for photos and talk about progress.

    A neglected mother room doesn’t give you that. Neither does a boring three-ring binder full of maintenance schedules and sanitation SOPs.

    Visible problems tend to get visible solutions. A fertigation system that looks dated is easy to replace. You can assign a budget, a vendor, and a project plan. It’s easy to list features and mistake complexity for sophistication.

    But try telling your board that yields are down because your stock plants look like yard waste and no one is following a cloning playbook. Those sound like excuses, while shiny hardware sounds like action.

    Here’s the uncomfortable truth: this facility didn’t have a yield problem. They had an executive attention problem. Leadership kept cutting checks for equipment because it is easier to buy equipment than to enforce standards. Discipline only holds when leaders set expectations, back the grow team, and step in when standards slip.

    The new system didn’t just fail to fix the issue; it made it worse. The head grower spent hours mastering touchscreen menus instead of regenerating mother plants, codifying propagation protocols, or ensuring preventive maintenance. Whatever consistency remained quickly evaporated.

    What Actually Works

    In my 25 years across ornamental, vegetable, and cannabis production, the most reliable operators I’ve worked with abandoned clever fixes long ago and built their success on boring, repeatable execution.

    Greenhouse vegetable growers figured this out a long time ago. There was never a hype cycle in tomatoes. Margins are thin, and nobody is wiring six figures to rescue an operation that can’t hit its numbers.

    Walk into a serious commercial greenhouse, and you won’t find heroics; you’ll find discipline. Weekly crop measurements. Bi-weekly sap tests. Monthly maintenance logs that are signed and double-checked.

    Cannabis had the opposite problem. For years, fat margins let operators get away with chaos. Yield problems got “solved” with new equipment rather than enforcement and accountability.

    That era is over.

    Execution Wins

    Survival won’t come from the next piece of hardware or the latest nutrient recipe. It will come from the tedious work nobody posts on Instagram: clear standards for mother plants, propagation KPIs that trigger action, and SOPs that are actually followed.

    That kind of discipline is ultimately what will determine which facilities last. Not budget, but execution that looks the same on Tuesday as it does on Sunday, where mothers never become “grandmas,” and the process does its work.

    The people best positioned to fix these problems usually aren’t the ones approving budgets from a distance. They’re the ones who’ve lived inside enough operations to recognize when execution has quietly become the constraint.

    Before you buy another upgrade, ask what you’re really fixing: yield, or execution?

    Photos courtesy of CRYSTALWEED cannabis.

    This article is from an external, unpaid contributor. It does not represent High Times’ reporting and has not been edited for content or accuracy.

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    Ryan Douglas

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  • Schrödinger’s Snack

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    Eating candy for breakfast is not a good decision. But most mornings, I start my day with something that looks and tastes a lot like just that. The Built Puff protein bar is covered in chocolate and has a sweet coconut center, making it practically indistinguishable from a Mounds bar. Nutritionally, though, the two products are very different. A Mounds bar has north of 200 calories and 20 grams of added sugar. My bar has 140 calories, just six grams of added sugar, and about as much protein as three eggs.

    Protein bars have come a long way from the chalky monstrosities that lined shelves not long ago. In this era of protein everything, they are successfully spoofing candy, but with much more impressive macronutrients. Built also makes bars in flavors such as Blue Razz Blast, Strawberries ‘n Cream, and Banana Cream Pie—all with a similar nutritional profile to my preferred coconut version. Another one of my favorites, the Barebells caramel-cashew bar, tastes like a mash-up of a Twix and a Snickers. There are rocky-road protein bars, birthday-cake protein bars coated in sprinkles, and snickerdoodle-flavored protein bars. In theory, I can eat frosted cinnamon rolls or a package of sour gummies without blowing my diet.

    For anyone with a sweet tooth, it can feel like food companies have developed guilt-free candy. But that’s where things get disorienting. Some of these products are seemingly nutritionally benign, whereas others are nothing more than junk food trying to cash in on protein’s good reputation. The new protein-spiked Pop-Tarts contain the same amount of sugar as the original Pop-Tarts—30 grams. Or consider Gatorade’s protein bar, which has roughly as much sugar as a full-size Snickers. At this point, the line between protein bar and candy bar has never been blurrier.

    If you’re confused, you’re not the only one. In 2023, a group of Gatorade customers sued PepsiCo, the brand’s parent company, over its sugary protein bars. They alleged that Gatorade was deceiving customers by labeling the products as protein bars as opposed to “a candy bar or dessert.” Pepsi’s lawyers said that it had not engaged in false advertising, because the sugar content was right there for anyone to see on the nutrition-facts label. (In October, the case against PepsiCo was resolved out of court; the bars are still loaded with sugar.)

    The lawyers have a point: For some bars, the nutrition facts do tell a clear story. You don’t need to be a nutritionist to figure out that protein Pop-Tarts are not particularly good for you. Other cases, however, aren’t that simple. An oatmeal-raisin-walnut Clif bar tastes pretty healthy, and its 10 grams of protein may keep you fuller for a while—one of the many reasons people are protein-maxxing these days. But is that worth 14 grams of added sugar?

    Calories and sugar only tell you so much about whether you’re munching on a healthy snack or something that’s more akin to a Butterfinger. Consider the FDA’s advice on the matter. The agency used to say a protein bar could be classified as healthy if it provided at least 10 percent of a person’s daily recommended protein and also didn’t have much fat, cholesterol, or sodium. Under those guidelines, most of these new bars would qualify as healthy. But the FDA finalized those guidelines in 2024 after complaints from Kind, which makes bars studded with whole nuts. The company argued that the rules unfairly maligned its products, because nuts are too high in fat to qualify as healthy. Under the new rules, it seems that protein bars and other products can’t be labeled as healthy if they rely on protein powders and isolates, rather than whole foods such as nuts and eggs for their protein. As a result, many modern protein bars probably can’t be labeled as healthy.

    The FDA is onto something, according to many nutritionists. “Protein bars are candy bars in disguise,” Marion Nestle, an emeritus professor of nutrition at NYU, told me. Even products like David bars, which come in flavors such as Cake Batter and Red Velvet and have just 150 calories and zero grams of sugar, are not as healthy as they may seem. They are made with artificial sweeteners and several other food additives, as are many other candy-protein hybrids with impressive macros, including my beloved coconut-flavored Built Puff.

    These bars lack the slew of micronutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, that are typically part of whole foods. “Eat a bag of nuts, and you will be healthier and get your protein,” Barry Popkin, a nutrition professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, told me. Like candy, most modern protein bars are squarely in the category of ultra-processed foods, which many researchers believe may prompt people to overeat and contribute to our collective dietary problems. The science of ultra-processed foods remains largely speculative, however. It’s not yet clear just how bad these products are for us—and why. In an email, David CEO Peter Rahal told me that the macronutrients are what matter most. “To call David a candy bar because it tastes good is like calling a Tesla a toy because it’s fun to drive,” he said.

    At the very least, something like the David bar is probably better than a Snickers for anyone craving a quick snack. If protein bars truly replace candy, perhaps Americans will be marginally healthier. If these products become people’s breakfast instead of a well-balanced meal, then not so much. The protein boom has made it easier than ever to get your macros from fun, tasty treats. But for the most part, they are still just treats.

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    Nicholas Florko

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  • The Netherlands: Recreational Cannabis Foundation Launches New Website | Cannabis Law Report

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    The Recreational Cannabis Foundation was founded with a clear mission: the legalization of recreational cannabis. But with an ambitious vision: to bring stakeholders together across borders and promote knowledge exchange on cannabis regulation. Rooted in the proven success of the Dutch model, we recognized the importance of connecting local expertise with international developments. We believe that by collaborating with organizations that have shaped the recreational cannabis market, we lay the foundation for the future.

    This is why we are building a platform from the Foundation: the Union of Cannabis Retailers (UCR). We work on harmonizing policies and promoting cooperation between member states. We now have a global network, bridging regions, sharing best practices, and contributing to international policy dialogue.

    The structure of the Union of Cannabis Retailers reflects our mission, with dedicated efforts at three levels: national, European, and global. Each level plays a crucial role in promoting knowledge-sharing, fostering collaboration, and ensuring that cannabis regulation serves public health and public order.

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    Sean Hocking

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  • USA: McGlinchey Stafford Collapse Owes $10M to Lawyers and Banks – What Happens To Cannabis Team? | Cannabis Law Report

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    McGlinchey has made the decision to close its doors after 51 years of operation. The firm’s final day providing legal services is January 31, 2026.

    Across five decades, McGlinchey’s attorneys and legal professionals have focused on solving clients’ legal problems creatively, collaboratively, and effectively. We are immensely proud of the culture we have built, the excellent service we have delivered, and the team we have assembled.

    Many of our people have already transitioned to the next step in their career and practice journey. The firm wishes them many years of continued success.

    A small team will continue working to wind down operations and close the business. If you have specific questions, please contact the email addresses listed below.

    For file transfer and records questions, email recs_mgmt@mcglinchey.com.

    For billing questions, email AP-FirmExpense@mcglinchey.com or Accountsreceivable@mcglinchey.com.

    For all other inquiries, email inquiries@mcglinchey.com or call (504) 586-1200.

    The collapse of McGlinchey Stafford has now moved into federal bankruptcy court, with filings showing the defunct law firm owes more than $10 million to lawyers, banks, and other creditors. The Chapter 7 bankruptcy case, filed in the US Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana, outlines substantial liabilities tied to the firm’s abrupt shutdown and the financial fallout that followed.

    McGlinchey Stafford, a long-established New Orleans-based law firm, officially ceased operations before seeking liquidation under Chapter 7 of the US Bankruptcy Code. Court documents indicate that both the firm’s assets and liabilities are estimated to fall between $10 million and $50 million. The filing lists hundreds of creditors, including former attorneys, financial institutions, vendors, and other business partners.

    More Than $10 Million in Outstanding Debt

    According to the bankruptcy petition, McGlinchey Stafford’s debts exceed $10 million. The liabilities reportedly include obligations to former lawyers for compensation and partnership-related payments, as well as outstanding amounts owed to banks and service providers.

    Read more at 

    McGlinchey Stafford Collapse Owes $10M to Lawyers and Banks

     

    Heading up the team was Heidi Urness

    She has gone back into private practice and also has a teaching gig in San Francisco.

    More info at Linked In

    https://www.linkedin.com/in/heidinurness/

     

     

    Perry Salzhauer served as their Co-chair of the Cannabis Industry Group in Seattle and can now be found here

     

    Chase Stoecker: was a partner at the firm in Fort Lauderdale and had also served as the Membership Vice-Chair of the ABA Cannabis Law and Policy General Committee (2023-24).

    He is now at Hinshaw

    https://www.linkedin.com/in/chase-stoecker-68a1774/

     

    Zelma Murray Frederick: A Member of the firm for 17 years who was part of the cannabis litigation and regulatory team. is now at 

     

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    Sean Hocking

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  • In Praise of Slowness: Weed as a Countercultural Tool Against Hustle Culture | High Times

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    Time seems to go by so fast. In reality, it moves no faster—or slower—than ever, but there’s a very specific feeling, distinctive of these times: we are so immersed in routine and the constant repetition of activities that we end up operating on autopilot. Days seem to “fly by” because, by automatically repeating actions, our brain saves energy, compresses our experiences, and reduces the capacity to pay attention to other details.

    Modern life fosters a contemporary malaise: overstimulation, multitasking, multiple screens at once, and an accelerated pace that diminishes the capacity for mindfulness. Looking back, bam!, “the years condense into just a few highlights, while the everyday hours vanish into oblivion,” notes Rocío Zorzon, a physician specializing in therapeutic cannabis and phytomedicine, with a poetic touch.

    Thus, memory, in its eagerness to synthesize, “gives us back an abridged version of lived time, reinforcing the impression that everything is happening faster,” she continues. Furthermore, the constant pursuit of productivity and the dizzying pace of technological advancement generate stress and fuel a persistent feeling of “not wanting to miss out on anything.” In this sense, weed could help slow down that speed.

    Let’s talk a bit about this. “Cannabis, especially through CBD, acts as an anxiolytic and helps reduce anxiety. On the other hand, THC, the main psychoactive compound, interacts with the endocannabinoid system, which regulates processes such as sensory perception and the body’s internal rhythms,” Zorzon explains.

    This interaction affects areas of the brain linked to memory, attention, and time perception. Meanwhile, “many people report that during the onset of THC’s effects, time seems to ‘slow down,’ generating a subjective experience in which minutes feel longer and the experience becomes more intense.”

    Are there any specific strains that work best and lend themselves more to introspection and slowing down? “Yes, without a doubt, indica or indica-dominant hybrid strains, rich in terpenes like myrcene, linalool, and terpinolene, which induce physical and mental relaxation, help us enter contemplative and peaceful states.”

    These days, it’s difficult to “disconnect,” and with such momentum, a distinctly epochal symptom emerges: the rise of the infamous FOMO, a phenomenon that generates anxiety, digital dependence, and various difficulties in our daily lives, such as the inability to disconnect from obligations and, especially, from social media. In simpler terms, FOMO is understood as the perception of “missing out” while simultaneously compulsively maintaining connections via social media.

    And once more, weed. An “antidote” to boredom, and thus, with the aim of countering idleness, it can become a powerful tool. The professional says: “Neuroscience shows that moments of ‘doing nothing’ are not only productive, but essential. They allow the brain to rest, reorganize, and enhance key functions such as creativity, memory, and decision-making.

    Therefore, it is recommended to incorporate conscious pauses in which nothing is done, not even overthinking. Difficult, right? “These pauses act as a simple yet profound technique to reconnect with the present moment and give time a more human rhythm,” explains Zorzon.

    At the same time, the incorporation of some “slow practices” such as yoga and mindfulness are recommended, as they are especially valuable. “They help us remember the importance of being in the here and now, carefully observing our thoughts, emotions, and activities. In this way, we can experience each moment with greater awareness, avoiding falling into automation and doing things mechanically.”

    Nevertheless, the pursuit of slowing down can sometimes lead to passivity and even escapism. Beware of giving in to mental wandering, of burning out your brain by burning one. It’s all in the eye of the beholder. In fact, the pursuit of slowing down can involve certain risks if it’s confused with passivity or a way of escaping reality.

    “The real secret,” the professional assures us, “lies in finding balance: being productive, but also reserving space for leisure, mindfulness, and relaxation. Slowing down is valuable when it’s understood as presence and connection, not as immobility or escape.

    In short, the danger arises when “living more slowly” is interpreted as “not living fully.”

    And, strictly speaking, cannabis is profoundly linked to the purpose for which it is being used. The key lies in the intention: what is the substance being used for? There is a fine line between the different forms of use, since the effect is highly subjective and varies from person to person. “When used in moderation and with a conscious intention, both options can acquire a therapeutic character. Of course, it is essential to remember that nothing in excess is beneficial,” Zorzon warns.

    And in a society—at a time, in a place—that demands more from us, more feeling, more hustle, more producing, going against the grain and slowing down can ignite countercultural sparks. The idyllic image of children playing freely in the street, of adults sharing time together, of social spaces as community hubs is gradually fading. A good response might be: do less, produce less, and hit the brakes. That’s where mindfulness, yoga, meditation, and mindfulness practices come in. And when the urge arises, because it always does, weed.

    “More and more people are becoming interested in, training in, and incorporating these practices into their daily lives, seeking a deeper connection with consciousness and the present moment. For me, all of this represents a new stage in our human evolution: a conscious return to more integrative and connected ways of living,” Zorzon concludes.

    The mind is a master editor, and we whirl through the accelerated montage of a life lived at breakneck speed, the absence of intermediate moments, and ever-lower peaks. If life is but a breath, perhaps the key lies in fighting against this acceleration and learning to expand the present as much as possible, leaving it at a semicolon, right here.

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    Hernán Panessi

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  • Journalists Explain Colorectal Cancer Risk and Federal Pullback on Georgia Disability Oversight – KFF Health News

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    Céline Gounder, KFF Health News’ editor-at-large for public health, discussed on CBS News 24/7’s The Daily Report on Feb. 16 how the recent deaths of two actors sparked searches for colorectal cancer information.

    KFF Health News Southern correspondent Sam Whitehead discussed on WUGA’s The Georgia Health Report on Feb. 13 how the Justice Department is pulling back its oversight of Georgia’s system for people with disabilities.

    KFF Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF—an independent source of health policy research, polling, and journalism. Learn more about KFF.

    USE OUR CONTENT

    This story can be republished for free (details).

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  • From Hemp to Schedule III: How Federal Cannabis Policy Is Forcing a State-by-State Reset | Cannabis Law Report

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    In rapid succession, the federal government initiated two cannabis policy changes that, taken together, represent the most consequential realignment of the industry in more than half a century.

    First, federal law redefined hemp, tightening allowable THC thresholds for consumable products and restricting certain synthetic cannabinoids, with an effective date set for November 2026. Shortly thereafter, the administration directed federal agencies to begin the formal process of reclassifying marijuana from Schedule I to Schedule III under the Controlled Substances Act.

    Viewed independently, each development is significant. Viewed together, they reflect a deeper shift in federal posture. Cannabis policy is no longer operating in parallel lanes for hemp and marijuana. Instead, federal action is pushing toward a more unified, compliance-driven cannabinoid framework, one in which states, not Washington, will determine which markets remain viable and which business models survive the transition.

    For operators across hemp, medical cannabis, adult-use cannabis, and adjacent industries, the next 12–18 months will not be defined by federal headlines. They will be defined by state law mechanics, political timing, and strategic positioning in a converging regulatory ecosystem.

    A Federal Pivot Toward Managed Regulation

    The hemp redefinition and the move toward Schedule III rescheduling are often discussed as separate initiatives. In practice, they are complementary.

    The hemp change tightens the consumer cannabinoid lane, narrowing what qualifies as lawful hemp products and reducing tolerance for intoxicating formulations that proliferated under prior interpretations of federal law.

    Schedule III rescheduling, by contrast, legitimizes the medical cannabinoid lane by formally ending the federal position that marijuana has no accepted medical use, even though full federal legalization remains out of reach.

    Together, these actions reflect a consistent federal posture. Intoxicating cannabinoids will no longer be tolerated in a regulatory vacuum. Medical cannabis is no longer treated as legally fictitious. States are expected to regulate cannabinoids through defined, enforceable systems rather than informal carve-outs.

    This is not deregulation. It is regulatory consolidation.

    This shift is not about loosening controls, but about clarifying them. As my partner Cory Parnell, CPA at BGM, recently observed:

    “This is not a moment of deregulation, it’s a moment of definition. Cannabinoids are moving out of ambiguity and into formal systems, and that transition will expose which markets were built on policy and which were built on assumptions.”

    The Emergence of a Federal Medical Cannabinoid Lane

    Alongside rescheduling, federal agencies have been directed to explore medical cannabis pilot programs within federally administered healthcare systems. While details remain limited, the purpose of these pilots is not market expansion but data generation.

    These programs are intended to evaluate cannabinoid-based therapies under controlled conditions, with an early focus on seniors and other vulnerable populations. The emphasis is on safety, dosing, outcomes, and comparative effectiveness, particularly where cannabinoids may serve as alternatives or complements to higher-risk pharmaceuticals.

    Importantly, these pilots are not designed to displace existing state medical cannabis programs in the near term. Instead, they represent a parallel federal effort to build clinical evidence and institutional familiarity with cannabinoids inside traditional healthcare systems. Over time, the data generated through these programs is likely to influence physician education, standards of care, and future federal policy decisions.

    For now, they should be understood as infrastructure-building exercises rather than a shortcut to federal legalization.

    Compounding Pharmacies in a Schedule III Environment

    Within this emerging framework, compounding pharmacies warrant attention.

    As entities already accustomed to handling controlled substances under physician oversight, compounding pharmacies are structurally aligned with a Schedule III environment focused on medical supervision and standardized delivery methods. In the context of pilot programs, they may play a limited but meaningful role in developing non-smokable, dosage-controlled cannabinoid formulations suitable for clinical evaluation.

    This does not imply broad retail access, nor does it suggest that state dispensaries become pharmacies. It reflects how federal medical systems traditionally engage with controlled substances during early-stage evaluation and research.

    CBD, Medicare, and Incremental Normalization

    One of the clearest signals in current federal policy discussions is the distinct treatment of CBD relative to other cannabinoids.

    Federal directives accompanying rescheduling efforts have emphasized preserving access to non-intoxicating, full-spectrum CBD while restricting intoxicating products that pose public health risks. In healthcare settings, CBD is often viewed as the most administratively and politically feasible entry point for cannabinoid-based therapies.

    Any future consideration of Medicare coverage is likely to follow this incremental approach. Rather than broad reimbursement for cannabis products, early federal efforts, if pursued, would almost certainly focus on CBD formulations used under medical supervision for specific indications.

    In this sense, CBD functions as a policy bridge, connecting hemp, medical cannabis, and federal healthcare systems without forcing immediate resolution of more complex issues surrounding THC, adult-use markets, or interstate commerce.

    Why State Law Will Decide the Outcomes

    Despite the significance of federal action, outcomes will not be uniform nationwide. As has long been true in cannabis policy, state law, not federal announcements, will determine whether cannabinoid businesses can legally operate.

    Each state maintains its own Controlled Substances Act, and the way those statutes interact with federal scheduling changes varies considerably. In the context of hemp redefinition, states generally fall into three categories:

    • Automatic-trigger states, where federal scheduling changes are adopted by default unless affirmatively blocked.
    • Rulemaking or legislative states, where state action is required to conform to federal changes.
    • Discretionary adoption states, where alignment with federal law is optional.

    In automatic-trigger states, failure to act before the federal hemp changes take effect in 2026 could result in the sudden loss of existing hemp protections, potentially reclassifying products overnight. In discretionary states, the same federal change may have little immediate effect.

    The same principle applies to Schedule III. Rescheduling does not convert state dispensaries into federally lawful pharmacies, nor does it authorize interstate commerce. Instead, it alters the policy and risk calculus under which states operate.

    In both cases, timing matters. States with short legislative sessions, slow rulemaking processes, or politically divided governments face heightened risk of unintended disruption simply because they fail to act in time.

    Hemp and Marijuana Are No Longer Separate Conversations

    Perhaps the most consequential implication of these developments is conceptual. Hemp and marijuana are now part of the same regulatory conversation.

    States are increasingly viewing cannabinoids as a single policy category rather than two unrelated industries. As a result, hemp products that no longer qualify under revised definitions may be redirected into licensed cannabis systems or prohibited entirely. Hemp operators may be forced to evaluate medical or adult-use licensing as a survival strategy. States without adult-use cannabis may rely more heavily on medical programs as the only lawful cannabinoid pathway.

    In practical terms, hemp businesses are inheriting cannabis-style compliance risk, while cannabis businesses are inheriting hemp-style competition and consumer expectations. The regulatory distance that once separated the two is closing.

    Business Implications Are Already Material

    This convergence is not theoretical. It is already reshaping day-to-day business realities across the cannabinoid economy.

    Operators across hemp and cannabis markets are experiencing increased banking scrutiny, heightened contractual risk, intellectual property constraints, and growing pressure to adopt state-specific operating models rather than national distribution strategies.

    A Note on 280E

    One of the more tangible consequences of Schedule III, once finalized, will be the elimination of Internal Revenue Code §280E for plant-touching cannabis businesses. While this will materially improve after-tax cash flow for many operators, it also introduces a period of structural reassessment. Business models and entity structures designed for a punitive tax regime may no longer be optimal in a post-280E environment.

    Here again, state-level tax conformity and implementation timing reinforce the importance of jurisdiction-specific planning rather than one-size-fits-all assumptions.

    Strategic Paths Forward

    There is no single playbook for navigating this transition. Strategy will depend on jurisdiction, product mix, capitalization, and risk tolerance.

    What is clear is that inaction is itself a strategic choice, and often the riskiest one.

    The Bottom Line

    The federal government has sent a clear signal. Cannabinoids will be regulated, not ignored. Hemp redefinition, Schedule III rescheduling, federal pilot programs, and emerging CBD policy all point toward a more structured and less forgiving regulatory environment.

    For businesses that understand their state’s legal mechanics, engage early, and plan deliberately, the transition can be managed. For those that assume current protections will persist by default, the risk is not incremental disruption but sudden loss of legal footing in core markets.

    Next Steps

    These developments will not affect every business the same way. Their impact depends on where you operate, how your products are regulated today, and how quickly your state moves over the next 12–18 months.

    If you would like to discuss how these federal shifts intersect with your business or market strategy, you are invited to schedule a conversation with Peter M. Prevot, CPA to assess options before critical state-level decisions are made.

    This article, “Federal Cannabis Policy Is Forcing a State-by-State Reset,” by Peter Prevot, CPA, was originally published by Bridge West Consulting and is republished with permission.

     

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    Sean Hocking

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  • Denver cannabis lounge fined $10,000 for unlawful activity during special events | Cannabis Law Report

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    The Denver Post

    Tetra Lounge was at risk of losing its license last year, but will remain open

    A Denver cannabis lounge that was at risk of losing its license will remain open and has instead been ordered to pay a $10,000 fine by the city’s Department of Licensing and Consumer Protection.

    Tetra Lounge, located at 3039 Walnut St., was fined after a hearing last November in which it had to respond to allegations that violated several laws during special events it held on April 20 and July 10, both notable cannabis holidays.

    The business has been ordered to pay $10,000 within 90 days and is effectively on probation for a year. If it incurs another violation, Tetra Lounge will have to pay an additional $10,000 and close for 60 days, according to a final decision issued Thursday by Molly Duplechian, executive director of the Department of Licensing and Consumer Protection.

    This is the first licensing discipline case for a marijuana hospitality business in Denver, according to department spokesperson Eric Escudero. Tetra Lounge owner Dewayne Benjamin said he plans to appeal the decision.

    Last year, city officials issued Tetra Lounge an “order to show cause,” prompting a hearing in which the business had to defend itself and explain why its license “should not be suspended or revoked.” In the order and subsequent hearing, city inspectors said they visited the business on April 20 and July 10 of last year and witnessed unlawful activity, including the sale and sampling of marijuana onsite.

    Opened in 2018, Tetra Lounge is what’s technically called a cannabis hospitality business; however, marijuana sales are not permitted under the conditions of its license. Instead, patrons bring their own weed and pay an entry fee to smoke on the lounge’s outdoor patio.

    Inspectors alleged that cannabis consumption was happening inside Tetra’s building – which is not part of the licensed premise – and that vendors at both events were unlawfully distributing marijuana products. They said there were also booths selling psychedelic substances such as psilocybin and DMT, which is illegal. (One of the officials lost their position with the city after consuming a mushroom gummy on the job during the April 20 inspection. Technically, the booth was located outside of Tetra Lounge’s property.)

    While the inspectors provided circumstantial evidence, such as pipes with burnt marijuana sitting inside Tetra Lounge and booths with listed product prices, they purportedly didn’t see sales transactions happening first hand, according to testimony presented at the hearing. One inspector was, however, told marijuana products were for sale. He also saw people congregating inside the space, which did not have a certificate of occupancy, on April 20.

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    Sean Hocking

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  • Peace, Love, and Whole Plant: Woodstock Cannabis Legacy

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    Woodstock is one of those words that still carries heat. It’s the 1969 festival mythos, the long shadow it cast over American counterculture, and the way cannabis quietly threaded through that era’s music, politics, and refusal to play along. It’s also a real place—Woodstock, New York—where the vibe isn’t a slogan so much as a lived-in current that runs through every record shop, gallery, and mountain road.

    For over half a century, “Woodstock” has meant something: a moment when peace, love, and music collided with a generation’s refusal to accept the official story about war, freedom, or the plant that became a symbol of rebellion. Now, Woodstock is also a cannabis brand trying to do something harder than printing their iconic dove and guitar on packaging: deliver products that feel worthy of the name.

    In a legal market full of loud promises and short attention spans, Woodstock Cannabis is staking its claim on whole-plant quality, culture-forward storytelling, and a consumer experience that’s more than the THC count. The mission isn’t nostalgia. It’s delivering on the values that made Woodstock matter in the first place—authenticity, community, and questioning authority. 

    Questioning Authority Since 1969

    If there’s a through-line connecting Woodstock the festival to Woodstock the cannabis brand, it’s the same instinct that built High Times: questioning authority.

    Martin Mills, who helps manage the Woodstock Cannabis brand in New York and New Jersey, put it plainly: “High Times was questioning what the norm was on cannabis for as long as the Woodstock generation.” Both brands were born from the same cultural movement that insisted cannabis wasn’t what the government claimed it was.

    That shared DNA matters because it’s not just branding—it’s mission. For more than a century, cannabis has been wrapped in prohibition lies. High Times carried the counter-narrative through the media. Woodstock carried it through music and culture. Now, in the legal era, Woodstock Cannabis carries it through meticulous product quality and, of course, music and the arts. 

    The 1969 Woodstock Festival, where cannabis, music, and counterculture converged into a movement that would define a generation.

    Honoring the Whole Plant

    The Woodstock generation didn’t just show up for three days of music in 1969. They showed up to reject what was happening around them: war, injustice, racism, and a system that told them what to think. Cannabis was part of that rejection—a plant that represented freedom, community, and a refusal to play by rules designed to control.

    Woodstock Cannabis isn’t trying to recreate 1969. It’s trying to honor what that moment represented: authenticity over hype, community over profit, and a belief that culture—music, art, conversation—can change the world.

    That philosophy shows up in how the brand thinks about its products. “We focus on whole plant products,” Mills explained. That means full-spectrum thinking: terpenes, minor cannabinoids, not just THC potency. It means pre-rolls made with “whole flower”—never shake, never trim. It means vapes made with live resin or whole-cured resin, not distillate shortcuts with added flavoring.

    “We don’t add potent THC or terpenes from other plants,” Mills said. “We add the extract that’s coming from the material that we’re using to make it.” 

    That whole-plant philosophy shows up across Woodstock’s product line: pre-rolls filled with whole flower (never shake or trim), full-spectrum vapes using live resin and whole cured resin, and a hemp beverage line that layers minor cannabinoids with functional mushrooms like Lion’s mane, reishi, and cordyceps. It’s cannabis designed for the effect, not just the number.

    It’s a standard people can understand immediately, and it’s a way to bring the conversation back to the plant itself rather than letting the experience get hijacked by potency culture.

    The pitch isn’t “ours is better.” It’s “know what you’re buying.” In a market where shelves are crowded, and consumers get rushed, that distinction matters.

    Never shake, never trim: Woodstock’s pre-rolls use whole flower, and their vapes prioritize live resin and whole cured resin over distillate shortcuts.

    When Music Does the Marketing 

    Woodstock can’t separate itself from music without losing the plot. Mills doesn’t treat music like a marketing theme. He treats it like the most natural environment for cannabis to make sense.

    “Nothing is better than smoking a joint at a concert and listening to music,” he said, describing music as a way to “break down the barriers” and help people seek something beyond their daily routine. “Seeking is the backbone to revolution. Seeking is the backbone to discovering music, and seeking is the backbone to discovering cannabis.”

    That matters because, as Mills pointed out, dispensaries remain confusing for many shoppers. “When a customer comes into a dispensary, it’s confusing,” he said. “There’s not a lot of brand recognition. There’s not a lot of knowledge around all the products available… People don’t know the difference between a distillate vape and a full-spectrum resin or rosin vape.”

    So Woodstock’s job—beyond showing up on dispensary shelves—is to educate in the places people actually feel open: live music, cultural events, moments where someone might ask the right question and get a real answer. Education without a lecture. The old-school way: in the crowd, in the culture, with the music loud enough to make you feel open.

    Woodstock Goods hemp beverage line now features six flavors ranging from 2.5mg to 10mg, enhanced with functional mushrooms and minor cannabinoids.

    How the Outlaws Became the Stewards

    Mills’ personal path to Woodstock is very on-theme for the era he fell in love with. He discovered the 1969 Woodstock documentary as a kid—”maybe 13, maybe 12″—and that first glimpse of cannabis on screen landed hard. “After seeing that movie, I was obsessed with 60s culture. I was obsessed with the music of that culture,” he said.

    He lived on tour with Phish in the late ’90s and early 2000s, worked in cannabis in California during the prohibition era, and eventually landed in Woodstock, New York, with his wife, designer Erin Katigan. They started a “psychedelic rock and roll hotel” and lived what Mills called “the Woodstock lifestyle in real time.”

    When New York legalization arrived, Mills connected with Radio Woodstock and helped create Cannastock—a series of cannabis events that introduced the Hudson Valley to what adult-use culture could look like. That led to a role managing the Woodstock Cannabis brand in New York and New Jersey, acting as both cultural steward and quality control voice.

    His story matters not because it’s exceptional, but because it’s representative. Prohibition punished people like Mills for decades. Legalization gave them a chance to do it right—to build something that honors the plant, the culture, and the people who carried both through the dark years.

    New Cherry Pomelo (Drift) and Salted Melon (Bliss) have 10mg of hemp derived THC for consumers seeking a stronger dose.

    Woodstock in 2026: Same Values, New Formats

    Woodstock is bigger than one person, one product line, or one moment in 1969. The name has survived because it represents a feeling people still want: community, music, rebellion, and the kind of freedom you can’t legislate into existence.

    The question for the legal era is whether “Woodstock” can stand for quality, too—whether it can become a signal on shelves that means something beyond nostalgia. Woodstock Cannabis is trying to answer that with whole-flower standards, full-spectrum extraction choices, and hemp beverages designed for the next wave of social cannabis use.

    The dispensary shelves carry those whole-plant pre-rolls and vapes. The hemp beverages reach beyond dispensaries entirely—available in select states for people looking to replace alcohol or unwind with something cleaner. This month, the Woodstock Goods’ beverage line is expanding with two new delicious 10mg flavors, Cherry Pomelo and Salted Melon. 

    The brand isn’t trying to recreate the past. It’s trying to prove that the values from that era—authenticity, community, questioning authority—still matter when you’re making product decisions in 2025.

    If Woodstock keeps treating the name like a responsibility instead of a shortcut, the future looks less like a throwback and more like a continuation: new formats, new markets, same cultural spine.

    To learn more about Woodstock—the town, the culture, and the brand—check out High Times’ video on YouTube.

    All photos courtesy of the Woodstock Festival Archive and Woodstock Cannabis Co

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    High Times

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  • State Lawmakers Seek Restraints on Wage Garnishment for Medical Debt – KFF Health News

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    Lawmakers in at least eight states this year are aiming to reel in wage garnishment for unpaid medical bills.

    The legislation introduced in Colorado, Florida, Hawaii, Indiana, Maine, Michigan, Ohio, and Washington builds on efforts made in other states in past years. This latest push for patient protections comes as the Trump administration has backed away from federal debt protections, health care has become more costly, and more people are expected to go without medical coverage or choose cheaper but riskier high-deductible insurance plans that could lead them into debt.

    “In the wealthiest country on Earth, people are going bankrupt, suffering wage garnishment, just because they get sick,” said Colorado state Rep. Javier Mabrey, a Democrat who introduced legislation on Feb. 19 that would, among other measures, ban wage garnishment for medical debt.

    That legislation is under consideration after a KFF Health News investigation found that courts approved wage garnishment requests in an estimated 14,000 medical debt cases a year in Colorado. The investigation also showed that it isn’t just urban hospitals or big health care chains allowing their patients’ wages to be garnished. It’s also small rural hospitals, physician groups, and public ambulance services, among other medical care providers. And the reporting showed that wage garnishment can erroneously target patients. For example, one family lost wages — and subsequently power to their home, because they couldn’t pay their electric bill — after an ambulance company incorrectly billed the family instead of Medicaid.

    Wage garnishment is one tool creditors can use in most states to recoup money from people with unpaid bills. In many states, they can garnish someone’s bank account or put a lien on their home, too. To garnish a person’s wages, a creditor must typically get permission from a court to make the person’s employer hand over a piece of the debtor’s earnings.

    “The creditor is taking the money directly out of somebody’s paycheck, and so it doesn’t leave people with any choice to say, ‘I need to prioritize food for my children,’” said Lauren Jones, legal and policy director for the National Center for Access to Justice. The center, based at Fordham Law School, scores states and the District of Columbia on how fair their laws are to consumers who get sued over debt.

    It is legal to garnish patients’ wages for medical debt in all but a few states, according to the Commonwealth Fund, a nonprofit foundation based in New York focused on health care.

    Now, lawmakers in additional states seek to ban the practice entirely. Others want to limit it by exempting debtors whose household income falls under a certain threshold or by upping the amount of earnings immune from garnishment.

    Such policies on wage garnishment fit into a larger push around the country to address the effect of medical debt on people’s lives and finances. Those efforts include barring medical debt from credit reports, prohibiting liens on people’s homes, capping interest rates, and limiting the ability to file lawsuits against people with low incomes over unpaid medical bills.

    Debt collectors have fought against such measures, arguing they don’t solve the problem of health care affordability and hurt the ability of medical providers to continue to provide care.

    “The wage garnishment process is already highly regulated at the federal and state level and includes many consumer protection measures,” said Scott Purcell, chief executive of ACA International, an association of credit and collection professionals.

    Even before the Colorado legislation was introduced, BC Services sent a letter warning its clients that the legislation “poses an existential threat,” especially to rural health providers. And Bridget Frazier, a spokesperson for the Colorado Hospital Association, said Feb. 20 that the bill “could drive up costs and financial risk for health care providers, making it harder to keep hospitals sustainable and ensuring Coloradans have access to care when they need it most.”

    The pending Colorado measure would ban wage garnishment for all patients. It also would limit bank garnishments, in which a patient’s financial institution must hand over a chunk of the money in the person’s account. Additionally, among other things, it would prevent payment plans from exceeding 4% of weekly net income, require creditors to check whether uninsured patients are eligible for public health insurance before collecting, bar creditors from collecting on bills that are more than three years old, and leave medical care providers liable to the patient for at least $3,000 if collectors don’t comply.

    “No one is saying, ‘Don’t get paid for your services.’ We’re saying getting health care should not lead to financial ruin for people,” said Dana Kennedy, co-executive director at the Denver-based Center for Health Progress, a health advocacy group that has been working with lawmakers on the Colorado measure.

    Kennedy said that KFF Health News’ investigation drove home how many kinds of Colorado health care facilities are willing to let this collection practice happen to their patients, and that the people whose wages are being garnished are often working at Family Dollar, Walmart, Amazon, or gas stations and restaurants.

    “Medical debt is typically different from other forms of indebtedness,” said Colorado state Sen. Mike Weissman, a Democrat co-sponsoring the legislation. “You could choose to keep driving your old car or buy a new one and take on debt for that. You could upgrade your home. You could buy consumer appliances. There’s not usually that voluntary element in a health care context.”

    Carolyn Carter, a senior attorney with the National Consumer Law Center, said broad laws that don’t require patients to jump through hoops to access protections are the most likely to be effective. Because of that, she and other consumer advocates prefer state policies that get rid of wage garnishment for all debtors and all types of debt.

    “It can be hard to identify medical debt as medical debt,” Carter said. “For example, if you have a medical debt and you put it on your credit card, it’s not going to be easy for a court system to identify that debt as medical debt.”

    She said another reason is that complexity is the enemy of effectiveness. Carter pointed to a report about Hamilton County, Tennessee, showing that even though people in the state can keep $10,000 in their bank accounts safe from garnishment, few consumers take advantage of the protection. They must know the protection exists, know where to find the relevant form, get the form notarized, file it, and mail copies to creditors. The same report found that garnishments can also be burdensome for employers, who must process garnishments and can find themselves in court if they make an error.

    Jones, at the National Center for Access to Justice, said outlawing wage garnishment fully, rather than limiting it, has other benefits. “It’s also to protect people’s jobs, because in most states, if somebody has two or more orders of garnishment, they can lose their job for it,” she said.

    Still, some lawmakers are pushing for the intermediate route. In Washington state, Democratic state Sen. Marko Liias is spearheading legislation to rope off a larger portion of low-wage earnings from garnishment. So, for example, a person making $1,000 a week would be able to keep their whole paycheck, as opposed to the $800 that the law would currently protect.

    Mindy Chumbley, owner of a Washington-based collections company and an ACA International board member, testified against the bill on Feb. 2. “Washington has made sweeping changes to medical debt policy year after year without pausing to study the cumulative impact,” she told lawmakers. “Our clients are reporting clinic closures, urgent care centers shutting down, staffing shortages, and rural facilities struggling to stay open.”

    The Washington State Hospital Association said it is neutral on the legislation. The American Hospital Association said it does not take positions on state policies.

    Liias told KFF Health News that lawmakers need to ensure health care providers can recoup their costs while also protecting patients. “We don’t want families either to be driven into bankruptcy or to be driven into under-the-table work to avoid these garnishment thresholds,” he said.

    Liias said his measure follows the lead of Arizona, which passed similar consumer protections in 2022. “Obviously, the health care system is still functioning in Arizona, and folks are able to make it work.”

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    Rae Ellen Bichell

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  • Trump’s Transparent Hospital Pricing Pays Off for Industry — But Not So Much for Patients – KFF Health News

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    “We’re going to post that, all the prices for everything,” Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. declared at a recent event held by the conservative Heritage Foundation in Washington.

    It’s a bold-sounding promise, and a familiar one; politicians from both parties have been repeating it for years now. Both Trump administrations — and the Biden administration in between — have taken whacks at making medical prices more accessible, with the goal of empowering patients to shop for better deals. 

    The idea makes intuitive sense. Why shouldn’t you be able to compare the prices of MRI scans, for instance? 

    The feds have made some strides. Prices are available, albeit in confusing or fragmentary form. But there’s one big problem: “There’s no evidence that patients use this information,” said Zack Cooper, a health economist at Yale University. 

    Health care is an inherently complicated marketplace. For one thing, it’s not as simple as one price for one medical stay. Two babies might be delivered by the same obstetrician, for example, but the mothers could be charged very different amounts. One patient might be given medications to speed up contractions; another might not. Or one might need an emergency cesarean section — one of many cases in medicine in which obtaining the service simply isn’t a choice. Plus, the same hospital typically has different contract terms with each insurer, making comparing prices even more difficult for patients. 

    Instead of helping consumers sort things out, this federally mandated price data largely has become a tool for providers and insurers, looking for intel about their competitors — so they can use it at the negotiating table in a quest for more advantageous rates. 

    “We use the transparency data,” said Eric Hoag, an executive at Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota, noting that the insurer wants to make sure health care providers aren’t being paid substantially different rates. It’s “to make sure that we are competitive, or, you know, more than competitive against other health plans.” 

    For all those tugs-of-war, it’s not clear these policies have had much of an effect overall. Research shows that transparency policies can have mixed effects on prices, with one 2024 study of a New York initiative finding a marginal increase in billed charges. 

    Price isn’t the only piece of information negotiations hinge on. Hoag said Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota also considers quality of care, rates of unnecessary treatments, and other factors. And sometimes negotiators feel they keep up with their peers — claiming a need for more revenue to match competitors’ salaries, for example. 

    Hoag said doctors and other care providers often look at the data from comparable health systems and say, “‘I need to be paid more.’”

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    Darius Tahir

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  • How to, Like, Stop Saying Filler Words

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    The tiniest quirks in our speech can change how we’re perceived. But, um, filler words aren’t the villains they’re made out to be. They’re, you know, working behind the scenes.

    “We group them all together as these kind of garbage words,” says Valerie Fridland, a professor of linguistics at the University of Nevada, Reno, and the author of Like, Literally, Dude: Arguing for the Good in Bad English. “We call them ‘filler words,’ and fillers are things we don’t like—you don’t want fillers in your food. So when you use that same word to refer to things in conversation, it sounds like things you don’t want.”

    Yet in reality, they serve important cognitive and social functions. We talked to experts about why we rely on them—and how to rein them in when it matters.

    The surprisingly useful life of ‘um’

    When you use filler words, your brain isn’t glitching. It’s buffering.

    Linguists divide these verbal loading bars into two categories. First, there are “filled pauses” such as “um” and “uh,” which people love to hate. They’re unusual because they aren’t stand-ins for anything else; you can’t swap in a more polished synonym. There is no elevated version of “um,” Fridland points out. 

    Instead, they serve a specific function. We tend to deploy them right before we wade into something linguistically heavier: a long clause, an unfamiliar term, a syntactic maze. “It’s our brain’s way of indicating it needs a moment,” Fridland says. The more complex the thought, the more likely your brain is to build in a beat.

    Filled pauses don’t just buy time for the speaker—they manage the conversation for everyone else involved, too. An audible “um” or “uh” signals that a thought is still under construction. Otherwise, the person you’re talking to might assume you’ve finished and jump in, or wonder whether you’ve lost your train of thought. “Either they think you’re done and take over, or they’re like, ‘What’s your problem? Why can’t you come up with something?’” Fridland says. By contrast, slipping in an “um” or “uh” telegraphs something more reassuring: “Hold on, I’m coming up with it. Give me a sec.” Interestingly, Fridland adds, research suggests people tend to use “uh” for shorter delays, and opt for “um” when they anticipate needing a bit more time.

    Read More: 12 Communication Habits to Ditch in 2026

    The other category of filler words includes what linguists call “discourse markers”—words such as “like,” “literally,” “you know,” “well,” “I mean,” and “so.” Rather than acting as mental timeouts, these are social tools. They help structure what you’re saying and subtly guide how listeners interpret it. “It’s how I want you to understand what I’m saying in terms of how things relate to each other,” Fridland says. For example, starting a sentence with “well” can signal that what follows may not be what someone expects. 

    In everyday communication, all of these filler words “serve really good interpersonal functions,” Fridland says. “They definitely help us in casual conversations. If we didn’t use discourse markers, people would think we were very robotic and unpleasant.”

    The perception problem

    While filler words can help conversations flow, research suggests overusing them may signal uncertainty or a shaky command of the material (or language in general). In professional settings—like work presentations—that perception can erode a speaker’s credibility and clarity.

    “Unfortunately, the audience may perceive you as less intelligent or less prepared if you use vocal fillers excessively,” says Heather Hayes, a clinical assistant professor in the media, communications, and visual arts department at Pace University in New York. “You’re going to distract your audience. It can do a disservice for you as a speaker.”

    Other research has found that filler words don’t go over well in high-stakes situations like job interviews, either. The more filler words someone uses, the lower they’re rated in professional and personal credibility and communication competence, which can influence hiring decisions.

    Read More: 7 Polite Phrases That Are Still Worth Saying

    Roger Love, a Los Angeles–based vocal coach who trains high-profile public speakers and performers, finds it difficult to conceal his contempt for filler words. “They’re destroying the English language,” he says (especially “like,” which he detests most of all). Imagine, he says, that you start a presentation or job interview like this: “As a rocket scientist, I’ve discovered the true meaning of matter.” Then you follow up with a rogue “um.” “The audience thinks, ‘Wow, I thought that person was really intelligent—but they don’t sound so smart anymore,’” he says.

    Love dislikes filler words so much that he launched a domestic crackdown when his children were young. “When we had our first child, we decided to tell her that fillers were a swear word,” he says. “Any time she started saying ‘um,’ we’d say, ‘We don’t swear in this house, honey.’” The intervention, he says, stuck. As adults, his children—one of whom is an acclaimed songwriter—are careful with their words and sparing with the fillers.

    How to dial it down

    You don’t have to purge every “um” from your vocabulary. But in high-stakes moments—job interviews, presentations, big meetings—cutting back can sharpen how you’re perceived. Experts say a few small adjustments can make a noticeable difference.

    Record yourself speaking

    The idea of watching (or merely listening to) yourself speak may make you shudder. But it’s one of the best ways to figure out which filler words you lean on. “If you just know you’re using some, but you don’t really know which ones you use, where you use them, how you use them, or how frequently you use them, you’re sort of just taking a shot in the dark,” Fridland says.

    That’s why she suggests recording yourself having a video chat and then poring over the auto-generated transcript. Ideally, it’ll be a long, casual conversation, so you’ll forget you clicked the record button; otherwise, you risk becoming hyper-vigilant of the way you’re speaking, and not capturing your natural speech patterns.

    The exercise will give you a clearer sense of your personal filler habits. “When you’re actually face-to-face is when you tend to really lean on these markers more,” Fridland says, “and therefore you get a really good representation of the type that you use.”

    Ask a friend for their opinion

    There’s another way to find out if you’re, like, always overusing a certain filler word: Outsource the diagnosis. Hayes suggests approaching a close friend with a straightforward ask: “Hey, do you notice that I use any vocal fillers?” The answer might be that you squeeze “you know” into nearly every sentence. That information can be humbling—and extremely useful.

    “Awareness is the first step in overcoming any bad habit,” she says. “Once you become cognizant of your personal filler word, you can be more mindful when you speak and actively try to avoid using it.”

    Take inspiration from music

    Love believes that the real solution isn’t to eliminate pauses—it’s to replace filler words with melody. “What you want to do before silence is you want to go up,” he says. Instead of letting your voice drop at a comma, which signals you’re finished, he teaches clients to end phrases on a slightly higher note or sustained tone, which is called an ascending melody. “If you used more melody, you wouldn’t need a filler word. They would know you weren’t done,” Love says. In other words, your voice can signal continuation without resorting to “um.” “The melody of your voice tells them there’s more to come,” he says. 

    Read More: The 4-Word Trick to Saying a Great Goodbye

    Descending melodies, meanwhile—which mean pitch and volume drop at the end of the sentence—make you sound sad, which will likely rub off on the person listening to you. When your voice drops in this manner, “people think it’s their turn to talk,” Love says, which is why it’s best to replace your filler word with an ascending melody.

    Breathe in a specific way

    Another of Love’s favorite fixes is deceptively simple: change how you breathe. He teaches his clients diaphragmatic breathing, which means breathing in through the nose and expanding the stomach rather than the chest.

    The key, he says, is to keep your lips closed until you have an actual word ready to say. “I tell people to close their lips before they start a sentence,” he says. “At commas, close your mouth again and inhale through your nose. I don’t care how long it takes to think of what to say next—you’re not allowed to open up your mouth until you have an actual word to say that isn’t ‘um’ or ‘uh.’”

    Sometimes, as they’re practicing, Love’s clients even put their hand over their mouth to physically prevent themselves from blurting out a filler word. It may sound like “a child’s trick,” he says, “but it works.”

    Slow down

    Speed is rocket fuel for “um.” “When you speak very fast, you’ll start to spew out those vocal fillers while your brain is trying to catch up with your mouth,” Hayes says. The solution is deliberate deceleration. Many people rush because they’re nervous or eager to get a presentation over with—but that urgency backfires. “If you slow down, you won’t rely on filling the silence,” she says.

    Say it out loud

    Another smart fix: practice out loud. “What people make the mistake of doing is they think through what they’re going to say, but they don’t talk through what they’re going to say,” Fridland explains. “You should practice that. Say it out loud,” because thinking through your remarks means focusing on big ideas—not how you’ll actually articulate them. When you rehearse verbally, your brain “has already mapped out that pathway,” so it’s less likely to stall with an “um” or “uh” when you’re speaking in real time, she says.

    Get comfortable with silence

    A moment of silence can feel like an eternity, especially when the mic is in your hands and a sea of expectant eyes are staring right at you. “It can feel embarrassing to sit in that silence, and we may fill the pause with a filler word,” Hayes says. “Time feels so slow, so you may think taking a pause is ‘cringe,’ but rest assured that it isn’t.”

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    Angela Haupt

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