14 Best Roman Places In The UK: Exploring Britannia’s Ancient Sites – 2023

Are you interested to know the different Roman places in the UK? I live in the UK and I love history. Prepare to step back centuries and explore the remnants of a once-mighty empire that left an indelible mark on the British Isles.

Roaming these ancient sites, you’ll encounter a tapestry of history woven with stone walls, mosaic floors, and crumbling fortresses. The Roman influence on the UK is not merely etched in stone; it’s a living testament to a past that continues to shape the present. Whether you’re an ardent history enthusiast, an intrepid traveler, or simply curious about the past, our exploration of Roman places in the UK promises to be an enlightening adventure.

In this blog, you will learn about these remarkable Roman places that will allow you to immerse yourself in the rich tapestry of the UK’s past. Read on to learn more about the Roman places in the UK. 

Roman Places in the UK: Historic Roman Cities

1. London

Known as Londinium during the Roman era, it was founded in AD 43 and swiftly grew into a bustling metropolis. The majority of the traces of the Roman civilization in London can be found in the City of London (borough), along the banks of the River Thames near Holborn and across Southwark.

London Wall

The London Wall once encircled the Roman city of Londinium, serving as a defensive fortification. While much of it is no longer standing, you can still find remnants and sections of the wall in places like the Museum of London and near the Tower of London.

Roman Amphitheatre

Situated beneath the Guildhall Art Gallery, the remains of a Roman Amphitheatre lie hidden. This archaeological marvel was used for various forms of entertainment, including gladiatorial contests and public gatherings. Visitors can explore the excavated ruins and gain insights into ancient spectacles.

Billingsgate Roman House and Baths

These well-preserved ruins were once a lavish Roman residence complete with an intricate bathing complex. Discovered in the 19th century, they provide a vivid snapshot of Roman domestic life and hygiene practices.

Mithraeum

The London Mithraeum, also known as the Temple of Mithras, showcases the worship of the god Mithras, a popular deity in the Roman period. Situated beneath the Bloomberg building, this reconstructed temple offers a unique experience to explore a religious site from ancient times.

Bloomberg London

In addition to the Mithraeum, the Bloomberg London building houses a wealth of Roman artifacts and interactive displays. It provides a comprehensive overview of Londinium’s history, complete with multimedia exhibits.

When people think of London, usually its bustling modernity and towering skyline immediately come to mind. However, beneath its contemporary surface lies a fascinating history that dates back to Roman times.

If you are interested to know more about London, I wrote another blog post about the best things to do in London, UK.

2. Colchester

Colchester in Essex proudly claims the title of being the oldest recorded Roman town in Britain. Founded by the Roman emperor Claudius in AD 43, Colchester—then known as Camulodunum—quickly grew to become an important regional center and the capital of Roman Britain. The town’s strategic location, situated between the River Colne and the River Blackwater, made it an ideal stronghold for the Romans.

One of the standout attractions within Colchester is the Roman Circus, the only known chariot racing venue in Britain. It is 450 meters in length, and this ancient arena once played host to spectacles that drew crowds from far and wide. Today, visitors can explore the remains of the circus and gain insight into the Romans’ penchant for entertainment and social gatherings.

Another noteworthy attraction in Colchester is the Roman Castle, locally referred to as Colchester Castle. Built on the foundations of the Roman Temple of Claudius, it stands as a commanding presence in the city. The castle houses a fascinating museum that showcases a remarkable collection of Roman artifacts, offering visitors a glimpse into the daily lives of those who once inhabited this ancient settlement.

3. Cirencester – Corinium dobunnorum

Next is Cirencester in the Cotswolds. As the second-largest Roman town in Britain during its heyday, Corinium Dobunnorum played a crucial role in the local economy, administration, and cultural development.

During the 1st century AD, the Romans established Corinium Dobunnorum as a regional capital and an important hub for trade and commerce. The town’s strategic location, surrounded by fertile farmlands and with easy access to major Roman roads, contributed to its prosperity.

One of the highlights of Cirencester’s Roman heritage is the Corinium Museum. Housed in a beautiful Victorian building, the museum showcases an extensive collection of artifacts that offer a fascinating glimpse into the lives of Roman inhabitants. From intricate mosaics and sculptures to everyday objects and jewelry, these relics paint a vivid picture of the town’s past splendor.

Read More: 13 Best Things to do in Gloucestershire

4. Bath 

Bath, in Somerset, holds a prominent place in British history, particularly due to its Roman roots. With a history dating back to the first century AD, this city has evolved into a vibrant cultural hub while retaining its distinctive Roman charm.

At the heart of Bath’s Roman legacy lies the magnificent Roman Baths complex. These baths, which were built around the natural hot springs, were considered a place of healing and relaxation in Roman times. Today, visitors can explore the well-preserved ruins and marvel at the intricate Roman architecture, including the iconic Great Bath. It’s a unique opportunity to step back in time and immerse yourself in the opulence and grandeur that defined Roman bathing culture.

Next to the Roman Baths, the Bath Abbey stands as a testament to the city’s evolution over the centuries. While the abbey itself is of later construction, it’s worth noting that the site has been a place of worship since Roman times. The blend of Roman influence and subsequent architectural styles provides a fascinating narrative of the city’s cultural and religious heritage.

Bath’s status as a UNESCO World Heritage site is not solely due to its Roman heritage. The city’s Georgian architecture, exemplified by the stunning Royal Crescent and the Circus, adds another layer of historical significance. There are other UNESCO World Heritage sites in the UK that you visit. Meanwhile, you may also check out the best things to do in Bath.

5. Chester

Founded as a fortress in AD 79 by the Romans, Chester quickly grew to become an important regional center and a key military stronghold. Its strategic location on the River Dee provided easy access to the sea and facilitated trade and communication with other Roman settlements.

One of the standout features of Chester is its remarkably well-preserved Roman walls. These defensive fortifications, encircling the city center, offer an immersive experience as you walk along their ancient pathways. The walls provide a unique perspective of the city’s layout and offer panoramic views of Chester’s charming streets and historic buildings.

A must-visit site in Chester is the Dewa Roman Experience, an interactive museum that brings Roman Chester to life. Through engaging exhibits and informative displays, visitors can immerse themselves in the daily life and customs of the Romans. The museum offers hands-on activities, allowing you to try on Roman armor, handle ancient artifacts, and even experience a simulated archaeological dig.

6. St. Albans

St. Albans holds a special place in British history, owing to its Roman origins and the rich tapestry of its past. Verulamium, founded in approximately AD 43, swiftly grew into one of the most important Roman towns in the country.

Walking through the streets of St. Albans, you’ll come across remnants of its Roman past, particularly the well-preserved Verulamium Park. This expansive green space, once the site of the thriving Roman city, now offers a peaceful escape where you can wander amidst ancient ruins and reconstructed Roman walls. It’s a tranquil setting that invites contemplation of the bustling Roman life that once thrived here.

One of the major attractions within Verulamium Park is the Verulamium Museum, which houses an impressive collection of Roman artifacts. From intricately designed mosaics and pottery to objects of everyday Roman life, the museum provides a captivating insight into the culture, artistry, and daily routines of the Roman inhabitants.

A notable feature of St. Albans is the St. Albans Cathedral, a stunning architectural marvel that emerged from the Roman settlement. While the cathedral itself is of later construction, its location holds significance. It stands on the site where the martyrdom of St. Alban, the city’s namesake, is believed to have taken place during the Roman era. The cathedral serves as a testament to the city’s spiritual and historical heritage.

Roman Places in the UK: Famous Forts and Structures

7. Hadrian’s Wall

Located along the Northumberland National Park, Hadrian’s Wall stands as a remarkable feat of Roman engineering. Built by Emperor Hadrian in AD 122, this imposing fortification was intended to mark the northern frontier of the Roman Empire and maintain order in Britannia.

The wall, which originally spanned approximately 73 miles, served as both a physical barrier and a symbol of Roman power. Constructed using locally sourced stone, the wall stood an impressive 20 feet high and stretched from coast to coast, strategically traversing the challenging terrain of the North of England. Here are some of the fascinating sites on Hadrian’s Wall:

Vindolanda

This ancient fort, located just south of Hadrian’s Wall, has yielded a treasure trove of archaeological finds, providing valuable insights into the lives of Roman soldiers and civilians.

Dating back to the early 2nd century AD, Vindolanda served as an important military post and played a significant role in defending the northern frontier of the Roman Empire. However, what truly sets Vindolanda apart is the exceptional preservation of its artifacts and structures, offering an intimate glimpse into daily life almost two millennia ago.

One of the most remarkable discoveries at Vindolanda is its extensive collection of wooden writing tablets. These fragile, ink-inscribed tablets provide an invaluable record of the daily correspondence, transactions, and personal affairs of the people living and working at the fort. It’s like peering into a time capsule, where the voices of the past come alive through the written word.

Vindolanda also boasts impressive ruins and reconstructed structures that offer a glimpse into the fort’s layout and architectural features. From the commanding officer’s residence to the barracks and bathhouses, you can walk in the footsteps of Roman soldiers and civilians, experiencing the scale and grandeur of their daily lives.

Segedunum Roman Fort

Next is the Segedunum Roman Fort which is located at the eastern end of Hadrian’s Wall. Segedunum served as an essential military outpost and played a crucial role in protecting the Roman Empire’s interests in this frontier region. While smaller in scale compared to other forts, Segedunum’s historical significance and archaeological discoveries make it a compelling destination for history enthusiasts.

One of the highlights of a visit to Segedunum is its commanding viewpoint from the reconstructed Roman tower. Ascend to the top, and you’ll be rewarded with panoramic views of the surrounding landscape, including the nearby River Tyne and the remnants of Hadrian’s Wall. It’s an opportunity to appreciate the fort’s strategic location and the challenges faced by Roman soldiers stationed here.

Another unique feature of Segedunum is its reconstructed Roman bathhouse, offering visitors a chance to experience the ancient Roman bathing ritual. Step into the heated rooms, marvel at the hypocaust system, and imagine yourself indulging in the leisurely pursuits favored by Roman soldiers after a long day of duty. It’s a fascinating opportunity to connect with the daily routines and comforts of Roman life.

Housesteads Roman Fort 

Perched atop the Whin Sill ridge, Housesteads Roman Fort also shows the Romans’ military intelligence. This fort, situated along Hadrian’s Wall, played a vital role in securing the northern frontier and safeguarding the Roman Empire’s interests in Britannia.

As you explore the ruins of Housesteads, you’ll be struck by the commanding views that once allowed Roman soldiers to survey the surrounding countryside. The strategic location of the fort offered a vantage point for monitoring movement along the wall and provided an intimidating presence to potential adversaries.

One of the distinctive features of Housesteads is its well-preserved barracks, allowing visitors to imagine the living conditions of the soldiers stationed at the fort. These sturdy stone structures, although modest in size, were home to a garrison of Roman soldiers who upheld order and defended the frontier.

Among the intriguing remnants at Housesteads is the granary, a testament to the self-sufficiency of the Roman military. Grain was a vital resource, and the granary’s construction and storage facilities showcase the efficiency and organization that characterized Roman military logistics.

Arbeia Roman Fort

Next, on the banks of the River Tyne, is the Arbeia Roman Fort. This held a pivotal position as a maritime supply base for Hadrian’s Wall. Its strategic location allowed the Romans to maintain control over the Tyne estuary, ensuring the smooth flow of supplies and troops to other forts along the frontier.

Even though smaller in size compared to other forts, Arbeia played a vital role in the Roman military logistics and trade networks. As you wander through the ruins, you’ll gain insight into the fort’s layout and structures, reflecting the efficiency and organization of Roman military planning.

One of the notable features of Arbeia is the reconstructed West Gate. As you pass through this imposing entrance, you can imagine the comings and goings of soldiers, merchants, and travelers who passed through these gates centuries ago. It’s a powerful reminder of the bustling activity that once characterized this Roman stronghold.

Arbeia also offers visitors a chance to explore a reconstructed Roman military commandant’s house. This reconstruction provides a glimpse into the luxurious lifestyle enjoyed by high-ranking officers stationed at the fort. From the well-appointed rooms to the courtyard, it offers a fascinating insight into the lives of the Roman military elite.

Roman Places in the UK: Villas and Palaces

8. Chedworth Roman Villa

The next places that you want to visit to fully experience the Roman era of the UK would be the villas and palaces specifically the Chedworth Roman Villa. Chedworth Roman Villa is located in the Cotswolds. It is a remarkable archaeological site that offers insights into the luxurious lifestyles enjoyed by the Roman elite. 

Chedworth Roman Villa stands as proof of the sophistication and grandeur of Roman architecture and design. This magnificent villa, believed to have been constructed in the 2nd century AD, showcases the opulent living spaces and advanced engineering techniques employed by the Roman elite.

When you are here, you’ll be captivated by the villa’s intricate mosaic floors, which serve as a visual feast for the eyes. These intricate designs, made with colorful tesserae, depict a range of subjects, from mythical creatures to intricate geometric patterns. They provide a glimpse into the artistic prowess and decorative tastes of the villa’s affluent residents.

One of the highlights of a visit to Chedworth is the villa’s impressive dining room, also known as the triclinium. This exquisite space, adorned with frescoes and adorned walls, was where the Roman elite would entertain guests and indulge in lavish feasts. It’s a vivid reminder of the social and cultural significance of communal dining in Roman society.

Chedworth also boasts a sophisticated underfloor heating system known as a hypocaust, which once provided a comfortable living environment for its inhabitants. Marvel at the ingenuity of the Romans as you observe the network of hollow spaces and channels beneath the villa’s floors, which circulated warm air and maintained a cozy atmosphere during colder months.

9. Fishbourne Roman Palace

Located in Chichester, West Sussex, Fishbourne Roman Palace shows the extravagance and beauty of Roman architecture and design. Believed to have been built in the 1st century AD, this palace showcases the opulent living quarters and artistic finesse that characterized Roman elite residences.

As you walk through the remains of Fishbourne, you’ll be left in awe by the villa’s size, suggesting the immense wealth and influence of its original occupants. The central courtyard, flanked by elegant colonnades, provides a sense of scale and grandeur that sets Fishbourne apart as one of the largest Roman residential complexes in Britain.

Fishbourne boasts an impressive collection of Roman artifacts on display in its museum. From delicate jewelry to finely crafted pottery, these objects provide insight into the daily lives of the palace’s inhabitants and the wider cultural context of Roman Britain. The museum’s exhibits enhance the visitor experience by offering a deeper understanding of the site’s historical significance.

10. Bignor Roman Villa

Also located near Chichester in West Sussex, Next is the Bignor Roman Villa which is located in the South Downs National Park. This villa, believed to have been constructed in the 2nd century AD, provides a unique insight into the lifestyles and cultural exchanges that characterized Roman Britain.

Same with the Chedworth Roman Villa, Bignor has stunning mosaic floors. These intricate designs, crafted with meticulous attention to detail, showcase a rich array of patterns and motifs. 

One of the highlights of a visit to Bignor is the villa’s bath complex. Step into the past as you envision the Romans luxuriating in the warm waters of their private baths, surrounded by elegant columns and beautifully decorated walls. This part of the villa provides a fascinating glimpse into the daily rituals and social customs of the Roman elite.

In addition to its architectural splendors, Bignor Roman Villa is also home to a diverse collection of artifacts, including Roman pottery, coins, and personal objects. These artifacts offer valuable insights into the lives of the villa’s residents, shedding light on their tastes, occupations, and interactions with the wider Roman world.

11. Brading Roman Villa

Found in the Isle of Wight, Brading Roman Villa offers a fascinating insight into the everyday lives of its inhabitants, reflecting the cultural fusion of Roman and British influences. This villa dates back to the 1st century AD.

Aside from the usual intricate mosaic floors and marvelous windows, Brading Roman Villa boasts a well-preserved bath suite, showcasing the Romans’ appreciation for relaxation and indulgence. Imagine the Romans of old luxuriating in the heated waters and socializing amidst the elegant surroundings. This part of the villa offers an intriguing glimpse into the leisurely pursuits and social customs of the era.

The site’s museum, situated adjacent to the villa, houses a remarkable collection of artifacts. From Roman coins to everyday objects, these artifacts provide valuable insights into the lives of the villa’s occupants, including their occupations, dietary preferences, and personal beliefs. 

12. Great Witcombe Roman Villa

Located in Gloucestershire, is the Great Witcombe Roman Villa which will show you a bit of the rural Roman life in Britain. Dating back to the 2nd century AD, this villa will give you an idea about the daily routines and agricultural practices of its inhabitants.

One of the highlights of a visit to Great Witcombe is the villa’s remarkable mosaic floors. Though not as extensive as those found in grander villas, these mosaics still possess a rustic charm. Their modest design offers a glimpse into the lifestyles of rural Romans, whose priorities and tastes may have differed from their urban counterparts.

As you explore the villa, you’ll discover the remnants of various rooms, including living quarters, storage areas, and even a bathhouse. These modest yet functional spaces paint a vivid picture of the villa’s functionality and the activities that took place within its walls. Walking through the site, you can almost imagine the sounds of daily life echoing through the corridors.

One of the compelling reasons to visit Great Witcombe is its serene and idyllic setting. Surrounded by rolling hills and lush greenery, the villa provides a peaceful retreat, far removed from the bustling urban centers of Roman Britain. You may take a moment to soak in the tranquility of the Cotswolds and reflect on the harmonious coexistence between the Romans and the natural landscape.

Roman Places in the UK: Roman Amphitheatres

The Roman amphitheaters found across the UK serve as testaments to the grandeur and engineering skills of the ancient Romans. These iconic structures, characterized by their elliptical or circular shape, were the epicenters of entertainment, hosting thrilling gladiatorial contests, animal hunts, and theatrical performances.

13. Chester Roman Amphitheatre

The Chester Roman Amphitheatre stands as a commanding presence, offering a fascinating glimpse into the world of Roman entertainment and culture. This historic site, dating back to the 1st century AD, holds countless stories within its weathered stone walls.

As you step foot into the amphitheatre, you will feel a sense of anticipation. Imagine the cheers and applause that once echoed through the air as the crowds gathered to witness gladiatorial contests, wild animal hunts, and other thrilling spectacles. The shape of the amphitheatre creates an immersive atmosphere, ensuring that no spectator was too far from the action.

What makes the Chester Roman Amphitheatre particularly intriguing is its strategic location. Built outside the Roman fortress of Deva Victrix, it served as a center of entertainment and a symbol of Roman authority. Today, you can explore the ruins of the arena and envision the events that unfolded within its boundaries.

The amphitheatre’s tiered seating, once filled with enthusiastic onlookers, reveals the scale of the spectacles that took place here. The central arena, where gladiators displayed their skills and bravery, evokes a sense of awe and respect for the lives and stories intertwined with this ancient site.

14. Caerleon Amphitheatre

Dating back to the 1st century AD, The Caerleon Amphitheatre in Wales serves as a window into the past, allowing visitors to envision the vibrant events that once unfolded within its walls.

As you approach the amphitheater, you can’t help but be awed by its impressive size and commanding presence. With its circular design, the Caerleon Amphitheatre provided an optimal viewing experience for the crowds who gathered to witness thrilling spectacles. From gladiatorial battles to mock naval engagements, this arena was a hub of excitement and anticipation.

Once you step inside the theatre, you will also notice the terraced seating that once accommodated thousands of spectators. Just picture the cheers and applause that reverberated through the air as the crowd watched the skilled gladiators demonstrate their skills in combat. 

Beyond its role as an entertainment venue, the Caerleon Amphitheatre also serves as a testament to Roman engineering and architectural ingenuity. The carefully constructed walls, made from local stone, demonstrate the skilled craftsmanship of the Roman builders. Walking amidst the ruins, you can’t help but marvel at the precision and foresight that went into creating such a magnificent structure.