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Tag: Pablo Escobar

  • As Pablo Escobar’s “cocaine hippos” keep multiplying, Colombia plans sterilization, deportation and euthanasia to control population

    As Pablo Escobar’s “cocaine hippos” keep multiplying, Colombia plans sterilization, deportation and euthanasia to control population

    Colombia will try to control its population of more than 100 hippopotamuses, descendants of animals illegally brought to the country by late drug kingpin Pablo Escobar in the 1980s, through surgical sterilization, the transfer of hippos to other countries and possibly euthanasia, the government said Thursday.

    The drug baron brought a small number of the African beasts to Colombia in the late 1980s. But after his death in 1993, the so-called “cocaine hippos” were left to roam freely and environmental authorities have been helpless to curb their numbers.

    The hippos, which spread from Escobar’s estate into nearby rivers where they flourished, have no natural predators in Colombia and have been declared an invasive species that could upset the ecosystem.

    Authorities estimate there are 169 hippos in Colombia, especially in the Magdalena River basin, and that if no measures are taken, there could be 1,000 by 2035.

    COLOMBIA-ANIMAL-HIPPO-ESCOBAR
    Hippos — descendants from a small herd introduced by drug kingpin Pablo Escobar — are seen in the wild in a lake near the Hacienda Napoles theme park, once the private zoo of Escobar, in Doradal, Antioquia Department, Colombia, on April 19, 2023. 

    RAUL ARBOLEDA/AFP via Getty Images


    Environment Minister Susana Muhamad said the first stage of the plan will be the surgical sterilization of 40 hippos per year and this will begin next week.

    The procedure is expensive — each sterilization costs about $9,800 — and entails risks for the hippopotamus, including allergic reactions to anesthesia or death, as well as risks to the animal health personnel, according to the ministry. The hippos are dispersed over a large area, and are territorial and often aggressive.

    Experts say sterilization alone is not enough to control the growth of the invasive species, which is why the government is arranging for the possible transfer of hippos to other countries, a plan that was announced in March. But the cost of deporting the hippos is also expensive — an estimated $3.5 million.

    Muhamad said Colombian officials have contacted authorities in Mexico, India and the Philippines, and are evaluating sending 60 hippos to India.

    “We are working on the protocol for the export of the animals,” she said. “We are not going to export a single animal if there is no authorization from the environmental authority of the other country.”

    As a last resort to control the population, the ministry is creating a protocol for euthanasia.

    A group of hippos was brought in the 1980s to Hacienda Nápoles, Escobar’s private zoo that became a tourist attraction after his death in 1993. Most of the animals live freely in rivers and reproduce without control.

    Residents of nearby Puerto Triunfo have become used to hippos sometimes roaming freely about the town.

    Scientists warn that the hippos’ feces change the composition of rivers and could impact the habitat of local manatees and capybaras.

    Independent journalist Audrey Huse, who has lived in Colombia for eight years, told CBS News that because the hippos roam freely, they end up killing fish and threatening endemic species like manatees, otters and turtles.

    “Because they have no natural predators here, as they would in Africa, the population is booming an it’s affecting the local ecosystem,” Huse said. “Because they are such large animals, they consume considerable amounts of grassland and produce significant waste, which then poisons the rivers.”

    Hippos also pose danger to humans

    While most of the focus has been on the impact on the ecosystem, the animals have also interacted with humans.

    Recently, one of the hippos burst into a schoolyard in Doradal with both pupils and parents present. “The mothers get scared when they see an animal of that size,” teacher Dunia Arango told AFP.

    “There are about 35 children playing that could approach them and provoke a tragedy,” said David Echeverri, an official from the local environment authority.

    “While they may look very calm, at any moment, given their highly unpredictable behavior, they can attack, as has happened before.”

    John Aristides, 33, remembers very well that afternoon in October 2021 when he was fishing on the banks of a creek when a hippopotamus “lunged at me and hit me on the head with its lips.”

    He slipped trying to get away and was bitten on the arm.

    “It grabbed me and threw me two meters,” he added. “It didn’t tear off my arm because they have very wide teeth.”

    But Aristides still spent a month in hospital recovering.

    That is the closest Colombia has come to a fatal encounter but “if we don’t do anything, then we expect to have thousands of hippopotami wandering around” in the future, said Echeverri, who earlier this year buried a hippo that had been hit by a driver. The animals can be deadly, killing an estimated 500 people every year in Africa.


    Colombian officials search for solution to Pablo Escobar hippos

    03:42

    AFP contributed to this report.

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  • Bears Just Wanna Have Fun, Or: A Tragedy Becomes A Comedy in Cocaine Bear

    Bears Just Wanna Have Fun, Or: A Tragedy Becomes A Comedy in Cocaine Bear

    Elizabeth Banks noted that it might be the movie that could end her career. In contrast, the antics of the eponymous bear in Cocaine Bear have warmed hearts and delighted audiences everywhere. Especially since screenwriter Jimmy Warden was shrewd enough to understand that, with his creative liberties, he could make the fictionalized version of the bear survive the ingestion of roughly seventy-five pounds of cocaine. As Banks phrased it, “This movie could be seen as that bear’s revenge story.” From that angle, there is a certain “humans are assholes” slant to the film, with the unspoken reality being that people are responsible not just for fucking up their own environment, but those of the animal kingdom as well. After all, were it not for the avarice of a man like Andrew C. Thornton II that prompted such motivation to engage in high-risk drug smuggling behavior (particularly in the 80s, when Reagan’s top priority for “protecting” Americans was not AIDS awareness, but the War on Drugs), the black bear in question would have probably lived a long, healthy life.

    The cocaine boom of the 80s wasn’t only a result of Latin American drug cartels (particularly in Pablo Escobar’s Colombia) ramping up production, but rather, a sudden demand for a drug perceived as far more “glamorous” than the likes of hippie-dippy marijuana or LSD. What’s more, coke became a drug deemed worthy of white yuppies like Patrick Bateman who wanted to stay out all night partying (whether or not arbitrary murder was involved was at one’s discretion)/enjoying their overpaid, privileged status. Previously, at its higher cost in the 70s, it was even deemed the “champagne of drugs” by none other than The New York Times Magazine in ’74, laying the groundwork for the surge that was to come in the 80s. By 1985, where Cocaine Bear sets its stage, everyone wanted a piece of that profitable cocaine selling pie. Including the likes of Thornton II, who opens the movie to the tune of Jefferson Starship’s “Jane.” Ostensibly coked out himself, Thornton II (Matthew Rhys) proceeds to toss duffel bag after duffel bag out of a crashing aircraft. He then blows a kiss to the interior of the plane before jumping out of it, only to knock his head against the top of the doorway prior to falling out. In real life, Thornton II was with a partner-in-crime, and dropped the “loads” because it was proving too much weight for the plane to carry. Thornton II also did manage to successfully jump out of the plane without bumping his head, it was just that his parachute failed when he did, instigating a free fall into the driveway of Fred Myers, the eighty-five-year-old man shown in an archival newsclip saying, “You could see that his main chute didn’t open so, I guess his loafers was too much for him.” This refers to Thornton II being found wearing a bulletproof vest and Gucci loafers (a status symbol of the day).

    Before that, Banks shows us the first couple to encounter the resulting effect of Thornton II’s drop, as the coked-up bear attacks. This after Wikipedia is quoted like gospel at the beginning with a title card reads, “Black bears are not motivated by territoriality. They will seldom attack humans in their vicinity.” Black bears on cocaine, of course, are a different story. To further give the audience a sense of what a “menace” coke was to the government’s bid to kibosh its popularity, insertions of PSAs of the day are incorporated after the bear has its first bout of fun (its version of “fun” being not so dissimilar to the aforementioned Bateman’s). This includes the egg in a frying pan one featuring the old chestnut, “This is your brain. This is your brain on drugs” and Paul Reubens a.k.a. Pee-Wee Herman insisting, “It isn’t glamorous or cool or kid stuff” as he holds up a vial for the camera, somehow making it appear all the more seductive. Nancy Reagan adds, “The thrill can kill,” while a rep for the Narcotics Task Force of NYCHA declares, “Smoking crack is like putting a gun in your mouth…and pulling. the. trigger.” No one much heeded any such warnings in the 80s, when nightlife was king, and cocaine its reigning queen. That cocaine’s influence had even managed to infiltrate places like Knoxville, Tennessee and St. Louis, Missouri, the two initial locations the movie points out apart from the Chattahoochee Forest (not a fake name) is a testament to how saturated it had become even in the most “middle-of-the-road” parts of America. Like Chattahoochee, Georgia, where we’re introduced to single mother and nurse Sari (Keri Russell, looking practically the same as her Felicity days) and her preadolescent daughter, Deirdra a.k.a. Dee Dee (Brooklynn Prince, of The Florida Project fame).

    Upon entering Sari’s room to remind her she’ll be working that night, the viewer sees that the most 80s thing about the movie, apart from the cocaine, is Dee Dee’s décor, awash with posters of Depeche Mode, Billy Idol, Cyndi Lauper and Madonna. When Dee Dee says she was okay with her mom picking up some extra shifts before she realized that the real reason she wants to is to be around her current boyfriend, “Ray the Pediatrician,” Sari mentions Ray invited them to Nashville for the weekend to see his band play. That offer is a major “no thanks” to Dee Dee, who, in turn, reminds her mom that they were supposed to “paint the waterfall” this weekend. Presumably, that means going into the forest with a canvas and some paints and pulling a Bob Ross in front of the waterfall in question. But the call of dick is far greater to Sari than making good on that promise, assuring they can paint the waterfall some other weekend. But what Sari doesn’t know is that the call of the falls is greater to Dee Dee than meeting the latest piece in her mom’s never-ending boyfriend smorgasbord.

    In the meantime, Daveed (O’Shea Jackson Jr.), a fixer for St. Louis’ premier drug kingpin, Syd White (Ray Liotta, RIP), has been asked by said employer to recoup the many missing kilos of coke that Thornton II dropped into the forest at a known spot where smugglers are supposed to leave the goods in the event of a plane crash. But more than just that, Syd asks Daveed to take his son, Eddie (Alden Ehrenreich), along for the mission to get his mind off his recently deceased wife, Joan, and to, furthermore, entice him back into the “family business” he left because Joan wanted him to. But, as Syd points out, now that she’s dead, no harm, no foul.

    Among all these moving pieces of plotlines is also a cop named Bob (Isiah Whitlock Jr.) and his co-worker, Officer Reba (Ayoola Smart). Bob follows a lead on the missing cocaine to the forest while Reba stays behind to watch his “fancy” newly-acquired dog, Rosette (a running joke throughout the movie). The cast’s robustness is all in keeping with the need to add “meat” to a plot that’s fairly thin in theory, but that has been “bulked up” (or “Hulked out,” for a more 80s reference) for cinematic purposes. Despite the theoretical challenge of such a feat, Banks, having perfected her own acting chops in this type of absurdist comedy with 2001’s Wet Hot American Summer, seems more at home behind the camera than ever. And, of course, it never hurts to have “character actress Margo Martindale” on your side. In the role of Ranger Liz, keeper of the national park and forest, she manages to find herself in one of the most action-packed scenes featuring the bear chasing an ambulance to the soundtrack of Depeche Mode’s “Just Can’t Get Enough”—the theme song of cocaine’s effects, if ever there was one. That Devo’s Mark Mothersbaugh was responsible for curating Cocaine Bear’s musical selection only adds to a sense of 80s authenticity.

    As all of the divergent characters converge on one another in the same forest for varying reasons (most people involved want the cocaine though), the plot becomes increasingly more outlandish, providing the bear with plenty of prey to attack as it keeps feasting on whatever coke it finds. Among the additional characters is a random trio of friends who call themselves the Duchamps and roam the park randomly knifing people. As Ranger Liz puts it to Sari (who links up with her and a wildlife activist named Peter [Jesse Tyler Ferguson]) while in search of Dee Dee), “Watch your back. Pop-art punks pop up out of nowhere.” And so they do—by stabbing Daveed in one of the park’s public bathrooms. It’s Stache (Aaron Holliday) that Daveed and Eddie wake up after Daveed kicks the shit out of all three of them to ask where he got the brick of cocaine they found on him. From then on out, Stache becomes part of a new trio as they amble through the woods toward the alleged gazebo where the Duchamps hid the drugs.

    Finally arriving at that geographical point in act three, the only thing missing from the denouement is an ultimate escalation wherein the bear goes on its greatest rampage yet against a Colombian cartel also in pursuit of the lost bounty. Alas, the budget wasn’t high enough for such things (and was clearly used primarily on making the bear look as realistic as possible). But, considering how Banks and Warden already turned a molehill of a story into a mountain, one can’t begrudge them too much.

    They always say the truth is stranger than fiction, but, in this case, fiction based on the truth is strangest of all. Not to mention most vindicating of all…for the bear anyway. Whose real-life fate turned out to be even more tragic than just unwittingly OD’ing on cocaine through no fault of its own—no, the bear also had to end up taxidermied and displayed at a mall in Lexington, Kentucky and branded with names like Pablo EscoBear and Cokey the Bear. Perhaps a more effective PSA than anything actually broadcast on TV in the 80s.

    Genna Rivieccio

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  • Colombia plans to send 70 ‘cocaine hippos’ to India and Mexico, governor says | CNN

    Colombia plans to send 70 ‘cocaine hippos’ to India and Mexico, governor says | CNN



    CNN
     — 

    Colombia plans to fly dozens of its “cocaine hippos” – the descendents of drug trafficker Pablo Escobar’s private menagerie – to new homes in India and Mexico in a bid to control their booming population, according to the local governor.

    There are now between 130 and 160 of the hippos, according to the Colombian government, and they have spread out far beyond Escobar’s former ranch of Hacienda Napoles, where they began as a population of just one male and three females.

    The original hippos were part of a collection of exotic animals Escobar had amassed in the 1980s at his ranch about 250 kilometers (155 miles) from Medellín. After his death in 1993, authorities relocated most of the other animals, but not the hippos – because they were too difficult to transport.

    But they have since begun to reproduce rapidly, extending their reach along the Magdalena River basin, and they now pose an environmental challenge and are concerning nearby residents, authorities say.

    A study in the journal Nature warned their numbers could balloon to 1,500 within two decades.

    Previously, authorities have tried to control their population using castrations and “shots” of contraceptive darts. But the contraceptive drives have had limited success.

    Now there’s a plan to transfer 70 of the hippos to natural sanctuaries in India and Mexico, the governor of Antioquia province, where Hacienda Napoles is located, said in a Tweet.

    A total of 70 hippos, a mix of males and females, are expected to be moved – with 60 going to India and 10 to Mexico.

    The technical term for this operation is “translocating,” governor Aníbal Gaviria explained in an interview with the Colombian outlet Blu Radio, as it would involve moving the hippos from one country that was not their native habitat to another that was also not their natural habitat.

    The goal was “to take them to countries where these institutions have the capacity to receive them, and to (home) them properly and to control their reproduction,” Gaviria said.

    Sending the hippos back to their native land of Africa was “not allowed,” Gaviria said.

    Sending the hippos back to Africa risked doing more harm than good, for both the hippos themselves and the local ecosystem, María Ángela Echeverry, professor of Biology at the Javeriana University, previously explained to CNN.

    “Every time we move animals or plants from one place to the other, we also move their pathogens, their bacteria and their viruses. And we could be bringing new diseases to Africa, not just for the hippos that are out there in the wild, but new diseases for the entire African ecosystem that hasn’t evolved with that type of disease,” Echeverry said.

    Aside from reducing the number of hippos in Colombia, authorities are hoping to learn how to manage the remaining population, which are recognized as a potential tourist attraction.

    The hippos will be flown in purpose-built boxes, Gaviria said in the radio interview, and will not be sedated at first.

    But “emergency sedation” is possible if one of the animals is overcome by nerves during the flight, he added.

    The translocation could be completed by the first half of this year if necessary permits are expedited, especially from the Colombian Agricultural Institute, Gaviria said.

    Hippos are seen by some as an invasive species that can pose a danger to local ecosystems and sometimes even to humans.

    Research has highlighted the negative effects hippo waste can have on oxygen levels in bodies of water, which can affect fish and ultimately humans.

    Nature magazine cited a 2019 paper that found lakes where hippos were present had more cyanobacteria, which are associated with toxic algae. These blooms can reduce water quality and cause mass fish deaths, affecting local fishing communities.

    Hippos can also pose a threat to agriculture and to people’s safety, according to a Biological Conservation study published in 2021. Hippos can eat or damage crops and engage in aggressive interactions with humans.

    “Hippos live in herds, they are quite aggressive. They are very territorial and are plant eaters in general,” said Professor Echeverry.

    While the “cocaine hippos” are not native to Colombia, the local terrain is thought to be favorable for their reproduction, since it has shallow water sources and a large concentration of food.

    Until now, Colombia has not been able to solve a problem that – in the words of Gaviria to Blu Radio – “got out of control.”

    Whether the latest efforts will succeed where birth control efforts failed remains to be seen.

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  • Pablo Escobar’s “cocaine hippos” won’t stop multiplying. Colombia wants to move dozens of them out of the country.

    Pablo Escobar’s “cocaine hippos” won’t stop multiplying. Colombia wants to move dozens of them out of the country.

    Colombia is proposing transferring at least 70 hippopotamuses that live near Pablo Escobar’s former ranch – descendants of four imported from Africa illegally by the late drug lord in the 1980s – to India and Mexico as part of a plan to control their population.

    The so-called “cocaine hippos” — which weigh up to 3 tons — have spread far beyond the Hacienda Napoles ranch, located about 125 miles from Bogota along the Magdalena River. Environmental authorities estimate there are about 130 hippos in the area in Antioquia province and their population could reach 400 in eight years.

    Escobar’s Hacienda Napoles — and the hippos — have become a sort of local tourist attraction in the years since the kingpin was killed by police in 1993. When his ranch was abandoned, the hippos survived and reproduced in local rivers and favorable climatic conditions.

    Pablo Escobar's Hippos-Ruling
    In this file photo from Feb. 4, 2021, hippos float in the lake at Hacienda Napoles Park, once the private estate of drug kingpin Pablo Escobar who imported three female hippos and one male decades ago in Puerto Triunfo, Colombia. 

    Fernando Vergara / AP


    Scientists warn the hippos do not have a natural predator in Colombia and are a potential problem for biodiversity since their feces change the composition of the rivers and could impact the habitat of manatees and capybaras. Last year, Colombia’s government declared them a toxic invasive species.

    In 2021, after the Colombian government was sued over its plan to sterilize or kill the animals, a federal court ruled that the hippos can be recognized as people or “interested persons” with legal rights in the U.S. But the order doesn’t carry any weight in Colombia where the hippos live, a legal expert said.

    The area where they roam is a paradise for the animals who have no predators and ample food and water, CBS News correspondent Manuel Bojorquez reported in 2019. Locals call them the “village pets,” but a local biologist told Bojorquez the “dangerous” and “territorial” species is anything but. 

    The plan to take them to India and Mexico has been forming for more than a year, said Lina Marcela de los Ríos Morales, director of animal protection and welfare at Antioquia’s environment ministry.

    The hippos would be lured with food into large, iron containers and transferred by truck to the international airport in the city of Rionegro, 150 kilometers away. From there, they would be flown to India and Mexico, where there are sanctuaries and zoos capable of taking in and caring for the animals.

    “It is possible to do, we already have experience relocating hippos in zoos nationwide,” said David Echeverri López, a spokesman for Cornare, the local environmental authority that would be in charge of the relocations.

    The plan is to send 60 hippos to the Greens Zoological Rescue & Rehabilitation Kingdom in Gujarat, India, which De los Ríos Morales said would cover the cost of the containers and airlift. Another 10 hippos would go to zoos and sanctuaries in Mexico such as the Ostok, located in Sinaloa.

    “We work with Ernesto Zazueta, who is the president of sanctuaries and zoos in Mexico, who is the one who liaisons with different countries and manage their rescues,” said the official.

    The plan is to focus on the hippos living in the rivers surrounding the Hacienda Napoles ranch, not the ones inside the ranch because they are in a controlled environment and don’t threaten the local ecosystem.

    The relocations would help control the hippo population, and though the animals’ native habitat is Africa, it is more humane than the alternate proposal of exterminating them as an invasive species, said De los Ríos Morales.

    Ecuador, the Philippines and Botswana have also expressed their willingness to relocated Colombian hippos to their countries, according to the Antioquia Governor’s Office.

    Last year, Alvaro Molina, 57, said he supports the so-called “cocaine hippos” — even though he is one of the few Colombians to have been attacked by one. He was out fishing one day when he felt a movement beneath his canoe that spilled him into the water.

    “The female attacked me once – the first pair that arrived – because she had recently given birth,” he said.

    Locals say the hippos sometimes come out of the water and walk through the streets of the town. When that happens, traffic stops and people keep out of their way.

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