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  • The Best Mushrooms to Grow at Home for Beginners – Garden Therapy

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    If you have ever been intrigued by the idea of growing mushrooms in your garden, this list of the best mushrooms to grow at home will help get you started. Even if you are a beginner mushroom gardener, there are a few delicious culinary mushrooms that you can easily grow. You don’t even really need a lot of space, because they can be grown indoors and in jars, as well as out in the garden. 

    When it comes to growing vegetables, many don’t consider adding mushrooms to their list. Okay, technically they’re fungi and not a vegetable but we sure do treat them like one! They’re so tasty in stir-fries, pasta, and even fresh from the garden.

    I’ve been interested in growing mushrooms at home for many years, and have grown them successfully outdoors in both bags and on logs. I’ve tried shiitake and oyster mushrooms and after reading about the other easy-to-grow types of mushrooms, I want to grow them all!

    Permaculture farmers Kristen Bradley and Nick Ritar have a whole chapter of their book, Milkwood: Real Skills for Down-To-Earth Living (Murdoch Books, 2019) on growing mushrooms. It’s filled with the biology and history of mushrooms and projects to cultivate mushrooms at home like mushroom bags, jars, and holey buckets. They were kind enough to share their go-to mushrooms to grow at home at the end of this post, so be sure to read on!

    Learn the best methods for growing mushrooms at home below, applying these practices inside or outside.

    Milkwood BookMilkwood Book

    How to Grow Mushrooms Inside

    Did you know it’s actually easier to grow mushrooms inside?

    Because you can control the conditions, they grow much quicker indoors than they would outside. When it comes to growing mushrooms, you can buy growing kits to makes things easier or start from scratch on your own. Just make sure to purchase from reputable dealers only.

    Spores Vs Spawn

    You can buy either spore or spawn. Think of mushroom spores like seeds and spawn as seedlings. Spawn will be much easier to grow for beginners.

    Location

    Mushrooms enjoy a cool, dark, and damp location best. A basement or inside a cabinet or closet are all good locations.

    You can use a container to grow them, such as empty salad containers you get at the grocery store. Just make sure the container is at least 6 inches deep to allow the mycelium (a mushroom root system) to grow.

    hands holding shiitakeshands holding shiitakes

    Starting Mushrooms

    Different mushrooms will like different mediums. Some like to grow in coffee grounds while others prefer sawdust. Refer to the fruiting substrates in the section below on different types of mushrooms to know what to use for each.

    To start your mushroom, place the spawn on its preferred growing medium. You will want to start your mushrooms at 70°F. You will want to use a thermometer to ensure you have the right temperature for your mushrooms.

    If necessary, you can place their container on a heating pad to help warm them up. For the first little while, mushrooms need to remain undisturbed. Limit their exposure to heat, light, and drafts.

    Once they have rooted, you can lower the temperature. This will take a few weeks. Like growing mediums, each mushroom has a preferred temperature that you can also find listed.

    When you lower the temperature, you will want to cover the spawn with an inch of potting soil. Cover the soil with a damp cloth and spritz the cloth to keep it wet.

    Harvesting Mushrooms

    Your mushrooms will be ready to harvest when the cap has fully opened and separated from the stem. This takes 3-4 weeks on average.

    Avoid pulling your mushrooms as this may damage the surrounding fungi.

    man picking homegrown shiitake mushrooms from a logman picking homegrown shiitake mushrooms from a log

    FAQ About Growing Mushrooms

    Is it Difficult to Grow Mushrooms?

    Not at all! In fact, it’s easier to do at home inside than outside. You can harvest mushrooms in about 3-4 weeks inside after you cover the spawn with soil. Outside, this process can take anywhere from 6 months to 3 years depending on the type of mushroom!

    You can learn more about growing mushrooms on logs outside on this post.

    Do Mushrooms Need Sunlight?

    Since mushrooms don’t contain chlorophyll, they don’t require any sunlight to grow.

    Will Mushrooms Grow Back After You Pick Them?

    Once you harvest a mushroom, its stem will rot away. New mushrooms may emerge and grow from other spawns or spores. To ensure you have a continuous crop, you may need to add more spawn.

    Should You Pull or Cut Mushrooms?

    Avoid pulling mushrooms to harvest. This can damage surrounding fungi and the mycelium below. Instead, cut the mushroom with a sharp knife right on the stalk.

    The Best Types of Mushrooms to Grow at Home

    by Kristen Bradley & Nick Ritar

    Published with permission from Murdoch Books Australia and Quarto Homes; photographs courtesy of Kristen Bradley, Kate Berry, and Ann F Berger (CC). 

    Clusters of Pearly Oyster MushroomsClusters of Pearly Oyster Mushrooms
    Clusters of Pearly Oyster Mushrooms

    Pleurotus ostreatus (Pearl Oyster)

    The species we recommend starting with for bucket or jar cultivation is the pearl oyster. There are lots of Pleurotus (oyster) species, including Pleurotus djamor (pink oyster), Pleurotus eryngii (king oyster), and Pleurotus citrinopileatus (golden oyster).

    However, some of these other varieties are slightly more fiddly than Pleurotus ostreatus, so pearl oyster is a good starting point.

    Preferred Fruiting Substrates

    Oyster mushrooms prefer pasteurised straw or sawdust, but will fruit well on most farm waste products containing cellulose and lignin. They also like hardwood logs or stumps for outdoor cultivation.

    Waste coffee grounds are becoming popular among urban growers of oyster mushrooms, but note that they must be used while very fresh as they have a relatively high nutrient content and can be prone to contamination.

    Climate

    Pleurotus ostreatus are awesomely adaptable and will tolerate a range of growing conditions. They should fruit anywhere from 7–25°C (45–77°F).

    Time from Inoculation to Fruiting

    These mushrooms grow quickly. From 2 to 3 weeks for indoor cultivation, depending on ambient temperature and the inoculation rates of substrate.

    Pleurotus rryingii (King Oyster)

    Considered by many to be the best tasting oyster mushroom, king oysters are a meaty, full feast that can be sliced and barbecued. They crisp up when stir-fried, yet stay wonderfully chewy and nutty.

    They can be grown in a similar way to pearl oysters, but their superior flavour makes them worth mentioning. Once you’ve mastered pearl oysters, give them a go.

    Shiitake mushrooms emerging from eucalyptus logShiitake mushrooms emerging from eucalyptus log
    Shiitake mushrooms emerging from eucalyptus log

    Lentinula edodes (Shiitake)

    Shiitake is a great species to use when you are starting outdoor cultivation. They will grow on logs in your garden. Although they’re a lot slower to fruit than oyster mushrooms, if you inoculate a batch of logs every year (or even better, every season), you can soon have a regular supply of shiitakes.

    Preferred fruiting substrates:

    Hardwood logs of almost every type, though yields will vary according to the log species. Eucalypts work well if you can’t find oak, beech, or alder. They can also be grown on sawdust.

    Climate

    There are different strains of shiitake, but the main strain that we use fruits between 14 and 20°C (57 and 68°F), which is a wide enough bracket for most temperate climates. There are both colder and warmer strains that fruit below, and above, that temperature envelope.

    Time from Inoculation to Fruiting

    Long. On logs: from 6 to 12 months (or longer), depending on climate and inoculation rates of the log. On sawdust blocks: 7 to 10 weeks. Worth the wait!

    Agrocybe aegerita (Velvet Pioppini)

    Native to poplar wood, this is a delicious mushroom with a nutty bite. It’s great for stir-fries and other cooking methods.

    Preferred Fruiting Substrates

    Hardwood sawdust is best. This one is great for jar cultivation. It also does well on logs and stumps.

    Climate

    Keep it cool –pioppinos like to stay around 13–18°C (55–64°F), and tend to fruit in the spring, after the colder months.

    Time from Inoculation to Fruiting

    Long – 8 to 12 months for outdoor log cultivation or about 6 weeks for indoor cultivation.

    Stropharia_rugosoannulata copyright Ann F. BergerStropharia_rugosoannulata copyright Ann F. Berger
    Stropharia_rugosoannulata copyright Ann F. Berger

    Stropharia rugosoannulata (King Stropharia or Garden Giant)

    This is our favourite mushroom to grow in wood chip gardens. It’s easy to grow and delicious to eat.

    Preferred Fruiting Substrates

    Hardwood wood chips are preferred, but, like oyster mushrooms, king stropharia will grow in straw and many other farm waste products.

    Climate

    King stropharia grow in a very broad range of temperatures, from about 5–35°C (41–95°F), so they’re great for both temperate and subtropical climates. They do need good moisture, however, so make sure this is supplied consistently.

    Time from Inoculation to Fruiting

    Long. About 4 to 6 months, depending on inoculation rates and which substrate you use.

    More Mushrooming Fun

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    Stephanie Rose

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  • My Fall Bulb Master Guide (for Spring Blooming Flowers) – Garden Therapy

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    You get a tulip, you get a hyacinth, you get a crocus! Yes, folks, fall bulb planting season is upon us. It’s singlehandedly one of the best things you can do this time of year for your future self. Plant fall bulbs now, and they’ll be one of the first blooms to welcome you next spring.

    While others may be mourning the loss of summer, I’m over here buzzing about it being fall bulb season. Come September, the displays are full of tons of brilliant bulbs you can plant now for the spring.

    One minute I’m shopping for garlic, the next thing you know, I’m leaving with $100 worth of flower bulbs to plant that weekend.

    Fall bulbs and spring flowering bulbs are the same thing. One refers to when you plant it, and the other to when they flower.

    It can be hard to think about next season’s garden when you’re still enjoying the last of this year’s harvest and blooms, but just a little work now will bring you so much joy next winter.

    I’ve got plenty to say about fall bulbs, so let me dive in with all my planting tips. And make sure you read to the end for a can’t miss fall bulb giveaway!

    Sponsored Content: A huge thank you to Flowerbulb.eu for sponsoring this post and providing many beautiful photos. Flowerbulb.eu is an invaluable resource for planting fall bulbs and has information on all kinds of unique bulbs you can grow for this spring. Be sure to check them out for more information and tips on growing everything bulbs.

    daffodil and crocus gardendaffodil and crocus garden
    Fall bulbs can create an epic display in the spring. Photo courtesy of Flowerbulb.eu.

    What is a Flower Bulb?

    We refer to most as “bulbs,” but some are also corms and tubers. For instance, crocus grow from corms while summer favourites like dahlias and begonias grow from tubers. Their appearance varies slightly, but for the sake of the article, I’ll refer to everything as a bulb! The care is fairly similar for each.

    Bulbs are special in that they hold all the food the flower needs to thrive. If you’ve ever seen a package with bulbs already sprouting, that’s why,

    Some bulbs are designed for annual planting, others for perennial or naturalizing. Annuals often are bred to be very showy, either in size or colour. Because of how much work it takes for the bulb to produce such a flower, it often won’t bloom again.

    Perennials are bred for multiple-year flowering. They can remain in the ground all year round, becoming part of your garden bed plantings.

    Naturalized bulbs are meant to multiply and spread. They can work in mass on their own or be part of a bed with other plants. They also work wonderfully in lawns.

    tray full of tulip bulbs ready for plantingtray full of tulip bulbs ready for planting
    Tulip bulbs are a “true bulb”

    When Should I Plant Fall Bulbs?

    When you should plant fall bulbs will vary greatly depending on where you live. They must be planted in the fall and before the first hard frost. This gives the bulb a chance to develop some root systems and settle in before winter.

    This can be anywhere from September to December, depending on your climate. When in doubt, the package will tell you everything you need to know about when and how to plant the particular bulb.

    Ideally, you want to plant them shortly after bringing them home. Most online retailers won’t ship the bulbs to you until they’re ready to plant in your hardiness zone. In the store, they’ll have them a little earlier. You can store them for a little while if necessary, keeping the bulbs between 10°-15°C.

    Stephanie with the power planterStephanie with the power planter
    For individual plantings, I use an auger drill attachment to help speed things up.

    How to Plant Fall Bulbs

    Again, the instructions will vary depending on the bulb you’re growing. Each bulb should be planted at different depths, and the sun and water conditions may vary slightly. My instructions below are a good rule of thumb for all bulbs, corms, and tubers.

    Good drainage is a universal rule to follow. Bulbs will rot if sitting in any kind of water, so avoid any wet sections in your garden.

    Most bulbs thrive in full or partial sun. Since these bulbs bloom in spring, they might enjoy more sunlight than you may think because the trees and shrubs haven’t leafed out yet.

    When planting, you can plant them individually or in mass by digging trenches. Typically, smaller plants, like crocus, do well in mass while larger bulbs, such as alliums, work best with individual plantings. I like to work in compost to help improve drainage.

    Generally, larger bulbs (2+ inches across) should be planted 6-8 inches deep, and smaller bulbs (1 inch or less) are planted 3-4 inches deep. Depth can change depending on your climate. For our mild winters, that depth is plenty in my garden. It’s best to refer to the package for the exact planting range. Warmer climates can handle the shallowest depth, where colder climates will want to use the maximum of the range.

    Plant the bulbs with the pointy side facing up. Place, don’t push the bulb in. Cover with soil and then water generously if the soil isn’t already wet or you’re planting in dry conditions. Add a layer of mulch to help insulate the soil and stop it from drying out.

    tulip bulbs ready to be planted in soiltulip bulbs ready to be planted in soil
    Bulbs should be planted “pointy” side up. These bulbs need to be set correctly before covering with soil.

    Caring for Fall Bulbs

    Once they’ve been planted, there’s very little work that needs to go into caring for your fall bulbs. They’ll be fine in the winter, sheltered under the cover of snow until they’re ready to emerge in the spring.

    Many bulbs will actually naturalize or be perennials in the garden, returning year after year to bring you spring joy. Some bulbs, such as tulips and hyacinths, will bloom abundantly in their first couple of years and slowly taper off.

    In the spring, you can snip faded flowers, but it’s important you leave the foliage until it turns completely yellow. The bulbs need time to charge and gather nutrients through the foliage to return the following year.

    Crocus Blooming in SedumCrocus Blooming in Sedum
    Crocus blooming amongst sedum.

    Planting Bulbs in Pots

    Yes, fall bulbs can also be planted in pots! This is a great option for those with a small space or who want to decorate their patio or balcony. I make a container every fall for my front door, and it’s always such a delight come springtime.

    For successful bulb containers, you have to make sure the pot is deep enough and has good drainage. Use fresh soil when planting.

    You can see exactly how I layer my bulbs, including tulips, daffodils, and crocus. The top layer will bloom first while the ones below make their way up the soil.

    In containers, you can pack the bulbs closer than you would in a garden bed. I also like to top mine off with fall annuals, so it looks good in the fall while the bulbs are resting.

    You may need to water your containers periodically, especially if they’re under protection from the outside.

    Combining Flower Bulbs in Container GardensCombining Flower Bulbs in Container Gardens
    Here’s a sample of combining bulbs in containers. Photo courtesy of Flowerbulb.eu.

    Fall Bulb Grow Guides

    I’ve written extensively about fall bulbs, including these dedicated guides for some of the most popular bulbs. Check them out for specific growing tips and tricks!

    Tulips

    Did you know that some tulips are perennials while others are annuals? You want to ensure you know which ones you’re buying to curb your expectations. I recently had the joy of planting over 250 tulip bulbs to grow as cutting flowers. Read these tips for growing tulips for a cutting garden.

    tulip field of bloomstulip field of blooms
    Due to their popularity, there is an incredible variety of shapes and colours for tulip flowers.

    Daffodils

    Confession: I used to dislike daffodils. The bright yellow heads were always a little too much for me. But then I learned about the sheer number of daffodil varieties, and how versatile they can be.

    Here’s how to grow daffodils!

    Narcissus-Daffodil-Kiwi-SunsetNarcissus-Daffodil-Kiwi-Sunset
    Narcissus ‘Kiwi-Sunset.’ Photo courtesy of Flowerbulb.eu.

    Alliums

    Alliums have long been one of my spring favourites, particularly the giant balls known as Globmaster alliums. As part of the onion family, you can truly grow some wacky and wonderful alliums.

    Check out some of the allium varieties.

    globemaster alliums in bloomglobemaster alliums in bloom
    A. giganteum ‘Globemaster.’ Photo courtesy of Flowerbulb.eu.

    Crocus

    The true herald of spring is not the robin, but the crocus flowers. I often see these flowers blooming even when there is snow or frost still on the ground. They’re great for mass plantings in garden beds and are a go-to for bulb lawns and naturalizing.

    Plant and grow crocus with the help of my guide.

    purple and yellow crocus flowerspurple and yellow crocus flowers
    Can you spot the bee paying a visit?

    Specialty Bulbs

    Everyone knows tulips and daffodils, but not everyone is as familiar with other fun fall bulbs, such as the checkered lily or Dutch iris. Here are 12 extraordinary fall bulbs to consider planting.

    checkered lilycheckered lily
    Checkered Lily (Fritillaria meleagris). Photo courtesy of Flowerbulb.eu.

    Naturalizing Bulbs

    Naturalizing is a gardener’s dream. This is when the bulbs produce more bulbs on their own, naturally multiplying their numbers each subsequent year. I’ve done tons of work naturalizing bulbs in my front lawn. You can find all my tips for naturalizing garden beds and lawns here!

    naturalized gardennaturalized garden
    A mix of crocus and short tulips for naturalizing. Photo courtesy of Flowerbulb.eu

    Fall Bulb FAQ

    Can I plant flower bulbs among trees, shrubs, and perennials?

    Yes, and it’s a great way to bring some beauty before the perennials leaf out and everything else isn’t blooming yet. It can be difficult to plant in these areas as the soil is hard and there are root systems to navigate. You’re more likely to individually plant them. An auger drill attachment can help, though you should make the hole as small as possible.

    It should be noted that the success rate may be lower as the bulbs are competing with these large root systems for nutrients. You can read about my experience planting on my sidewalk strip under oak trees in this post.

    How do I stop squirrels from digging up my bulbs?

    Squirrels and other small mammals are attracted to the fresh soil after you’ve planted a bulb. You want to try to cover up any indication of fresh soil. Mulch can help hide this.

    You also want to remove anything that may be attracting them to the area, such as garbage, compost, or bird feeders.

    If you’re really concerned, you can place a hard wire over the top of the bulbs.

    Personally, I plant with the knowledge that some of my bulbs may be dug up. It seems only fair they get a few bulbs too!

    Is it better to plant flower bulbs earlier or later in the fall?

    Earlier is usually better, but it depends on your climate. The planting should be done before the hard frost to allow the bulb to establish a root system. However, if you’re experiencing a warm fall, you may want to wait later to avoid hot conditions.

    Should I fertilize flower bulbs?

    I don’t fertilize much in my garden, as I work hard to feed my soil by adding layers of compost and leaf mulch every year. Only if you have poor soil conditions, you may want to fertilize. This is especially helpful if you have perennial bulbs and want them to bloom prolifically the following year. Fertilize after the bulbs have finished flowering in the spring.

    Fall Bulb Giveaway!

    I’m thrilled to partner with Flowerbulb.eu to give $100 worth of fall bulbs to one lucky Garden Therapy reader.

    To enter, leave a comment on this post letting me know what fall bulbs you want to plant in your garden this year.

    Contest is open to U.S. residents only and runs until October 3, 11:59 PM. The winner will be chosen using a random number generator. Good luck!!

    purple tulips in a garden bedpurple tulips in a garden bed

    That rounds up all of my fall bulb tips and guides! If you have any questions, leave them in the comments below or check out Flowerbulb.eu for more helpful information about planting bulbs.

    More Fall Bulb Planting Tips

    Flowerbulbs logoFlowerbulbs logo

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    Stephanie Rose

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  • Good Clean Fun: Melt and Pour Soap Supplies and Resource Guide – Garden Therapy

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    If you are getting started with melt and pour soap (or are searching out the best supplies for soap-making projects), you have come to the right place! This comprehensive guide covers the melt and pour soap supplies you will need to make fantastic soap projects.

    Melt and pour soap is a great way to get started in the soap world, ideal for those who are intimidated by lye and making cold process soap.

    I’ve made many soap recipes, both melt and pour and cold process soap. Both are wonderful options for making beautiful, artisan-inspired soap bars that you can use for yourself or to gift.

    Let me show you everything you need to get started!

    Jump ahead to…

    If you don’t yet have a copy of Good Clean Fun, what are you waiting for?! It’s a whole lot of inspiration and ideas for making perfect looking melt and pour soap projects with ease. Read more about Good Clean Fun here and grab your copy today!

    This resource guide lists all of the melt and pour soap supplies that were used in the book, along with some other fun materials that would make even more lovely projects.

    Good Clean Fun book coverGood Clean Fun book cover
    button_add-to-cartbutton_add-to-cart

    Melt and Pour Soap Supplies and Resource Guide

    Melt and Pour Soap Base

    There is a wide variety of soap bases, some scented, some unscented, some clear, some white, but they can all be split into two main categories: opaque and clear.

    Opaque soap bases will give you solid-coloured soaps that are not translucent. The base will be white or off-white. Here are some good opaque bases:

    Clear soap bases are translucent. Clear soap bases are best to use for projects that add decorative imbeds that you want to be able to see through the soap. To get a truly clear soap, there are not many options without chemicals. There is an option for SLES & SLS free soap, which can be used in the recipes calling for clear soap base. Here are some clear bases:

    chunks of melt and pour soap base on a wooden cutting board next to a knifechunks of melt and pour soap base on a wooden cutting board next to a knife
    Soap bases are cut into small chunks before being melted.

    Colour

    Here is a list of natural pigments to try:

    And here are some soap dyes

    Natures Way Turmeric PowderNatures Way Turmeric Powder
    Turmeric powder

    Essential Oils

    The best way to get started with essential oils is to purchase a starter pack and start using them. You will quickly learn which scents you love and which you don’t.

    Essential Oil Sets:

    Individual Essential Oils:

    set of essential oilsset of essential oils
    I prefer to use essential oils over artificial fragrances.

    Isopropyl Alcohol

    Isopropyl alcohol is very handy to have when making melt and pour soap. Keep some in a small spray-top bottle while making soap projects as it will be noted in some of the recipes.

    Botanicals

    You can choose botanicals from your garden or pick up some online.

    Equipment

    To start making melt and pour soap projects, you will need a few pieces of equipment. Many of these are commonly available in your kitchen. The other, more specialized equipment can be easy to find in craft stores and online.

    melt and pour chunks in a Pyrex containermelt and pour chunks in a Pyrex container
    Heatproof containers are essential.

    Soap Molds

    You can use any silicone or hard mold you like for melt and pour soap. Here are some that are used in the book and a few others I love:

    Metal molds such as cupcake and cake pans as well as hard plastic soap and candy molds can also be used but they can be difficult to remove the soap from. Tip: Shrink soap by placing it in the freezer and it will release from the mold more easily.

    rose soap flower mouldrose soap flower mould
    Your soap mould should always be washed and fully dry before you use it.

    Soap Making Accessories

    There is a DIY Soap Cutting Guide Box in the Projects chapters of Good Clean Fun. If you would like to purchase one instead, you can look at these:

    soaps ready for cuttingsoaps ready for cutting

    Soap Stamps / Embossing

    Soap stamps and rubber embossing plates can add a lot of personality to the projects. I love these ones:

    That’s it! Whew! With all of these supplies, you are sure to have some Good Clean Fun in your future. Have fun out there.

    Melt and Pour Soap Recipes to Try

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    Stephanie Rose

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  • Which Herbs to Grow Indoors (and Which Ones NOT to) – Garden Therapy

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    Herbs are outdoor plants. There are many plants that can grow well as houseplants, but herbs are not among them. But that doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t choose certain herbs to grow indoors. This article covers which herbs to grow indoors, as well as some that you should leave outside.

    If you’re a foodie, you know that having fresh herbs at the ready makes all the difference when it comes to at-home cooking. So I can understand the desire to have an indoor herb garden at the ready!

    Herbs don’t grow nearly as well indoors as they do outdoors, but you can still have a good supply of fresh herbs if you give them the best conditions possible. Indoor herbs are ideal for those who live in small spaces or during the winter when your outdoor herb garden is hibernating.

    Here are the best herbs to grow indoors (and which ones you might want to avoid!).

    Clay Plant Stakes for Herbs - Rosemary and MintClay Plant Stakes for Herbs - Rosemary and Mint
    You can also overwinter some of your outdoor herbs inside.

    Herbs to Grow Indoors

    Leafy Herbs

    These leafy herbs grow quickly and are the easiest to grow indoors. You can clip a few leaves for garnishing and salads regularly. When the plant looks a bit droopy and sad, move it outdoors and plant another one. Luckily, these are often inexpensive as well, so they’re ideal for using and replacing when needed.

    • Chives
    • Lemon Balm
    • Mint
    • Parsley (Flat Italian Parsley or Curled Parsley)
    • Tarragon
    • Vietnamese Coriander

    Evergreen Herbs

    These evergreen /evergreen-ish herbs like to live outdoors where the sun shines brightly, the soil keeps their roots dry, and there is enough cold for a period of rest.

    They are a bit harder to grow indoors as they are slow-growing and slow to adapt to limited light conditions. They may not survive more than a few months, but they look gorgeous in a living planter, and you can certainly harvest a few clippings from them when needed.

    Indoor Herb GardenIndoor Herb Garden
    Propagate a few of your outdoor perennial herb clippings to bring indoors for the winter.

    Honourable Mention

    Curry plant is very pretty and makes for a nice addition to indoor gardens. It is not cold-hardy, so it prefers to be indoors in a warmer climate than some of the other herbs. That being said, curry is a pretty plant that is aromatic in a herb garden.

    As a culinary herb, much of the aroma is lost when cooking, and it doesn’t seem to add much flavour. So if you choose to have this in your herb garden indoors, do so for the aromatics and aesthetics.

    curry plant is a great herb to grow indoorscurry plant is a great herb to grow indoors
    Curry plant is a personal favourite herb of mine.

    Herbs to Keep Outside

    • Dill – This herb is huge! It’s far too large for an indoor garden.
    • Fennel – As with dill, fennel is big and best left outdoors.
    • Basil – basil can be really hard to grow indoors. You could certainly plant it to keep the herbs fresh for longer than those that are cut, but basil is happiest in the ground with lots of bright sun and compost-rich soil.
    • Cilantro – while it looks like parsley, I find it hard to grow enough cilantro indoors to make it worth my while. Without strong direct light, the stems are thin and leggy, and the leaves stay small. You can plant it densely and cut a few stems at a time, but I like to add a lot, and growing it indoors is just too much effort for what it produces.
    • Chamomile – chamomile flowers are what make this herb special, and you will be hard-pressed to get it to flower indoors without adequate light.
    • Garlic – garlic is more of a vegetable in that you harvest the roots to eat. It also takes a long time to grow with a cool season in between.
    Herbs Growing Outdoors in a Wooden WagonHerbs Growing Outdoors in a Wooden Wagon

    More Tips for Growing Herbs

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    Stephanie Rose

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  • DIY Pumpkin Flower Arrangements for a Chic Fall Table Setting

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    Pumpkin flower arrangements are a fun and chic way to set the table for fall festivities, including Thanksgiving and Halloween. Grab some warm-toned flowers from the garden or the grocery store, and pick a pumpkin that calls your name!

    I keep seeing these gorgeous pumpkin flower arrangements at florists, farmers’ markets, and online. A collection of blooms tightly packed into a bright orange pumpkin just screams “fall.”

    It’s an elegant take on fall decorating: setting the table for Thanksgiving dinner, adorning the mantle for the season change, or even to give as gifts.

    I know I would love to receive one of these gorgeous pumpkins, and they will be just as rewarding to give! Here’s how you can make your own.

    stack of pie pumpkins for salestack of pie pumpkins for sale
    Use pumpkins of all sizes and shapes to really make it your own.

    How to Make Pumpkin Flower Arrangements

    With flower arranging, the artistry is in the design, and it’s not as easy as it looks. But if you want to take a stab at creating your own pumpkin flower arrangement, then here is how to do it.

    Materials

    • Fresh pumpkin
    • Knife
    • Clear plastic
    • Wet floral foam
    • Flowers, leaves, berries, succulents
    • Scissors
    Tailgating Fall Style with floral pumpkinsTailgating Fall Style with floral pumpkins
    Keep pumpkins cool and shaded to help them last longer.

    Make It!

    Cut the top off your pumpkin so that you have a fairly wide opening near the center of your pumpkin. Scoop out the guts and make these addictive Roasted Rosemary Pumpkin Seeds.

    Line the inside of the pumpkin with a sheet of plastic. This will hold some of the moisture in when you water the floral foam.

    Cut a piece of floral foam with the knife to a size that will fit inside the pumpkin. Soak the foam in water while you prepare your flowers (soak it, don’t dunk it!).

    pumpkin, flowers and other objects necessary to make a bouquet in pumpkinpumpkin, flowers and other objects necessary to make a bouquet in pumpkin
    Make sure to use wet flower foam, not dry flower foam.

    Choose flowers with strong, straight stems that are freshly cut, either from the garden or a purchased bouquet.

    Insert the floral foam into the inside of the pumpkin and create your arrangement. Start with flowers, then add leaves, berries, and other embellishments to create a full and interesting arrangement.

    Pumpkin Floral ArrangementPumpkin Floral Arrangement
    Use garden clippings to make it extra seasonal.

    Items collected from the garden will shine in a new way when displayed in a pumpkin vase like this one I spotted at Vancouver florist Flowerz.

    Pumpkin Flower ArrangementPumpkin Flower Arrangement
    Save the top of the pumpkin for an extra unique arrangement.

    You can even pop the top of the pumpkin like on this other creative arrangement. Hold it on with a piece of floral wire inserted into the floral foam (also from Flowerz).

    Succulent pumpkin table settingSucculent pumpkin table setting
    Save the succulents once the pumpkin begins to decompose.

    I even made up one with some tender succulents for my garden. As the weather starts to get cooler, the succulents won’t survive outdoors, so why not bring them in, plant them in a pumpkin, and enjoy them for as long as you can?

    I didn’t use floral foam for the succulents, but instead filled the inside of the pumpkin with indoor potting soil. I do this for my outdoor pumpkins every year. You can see a whole bunch of them here.

    Pumpkins don’t have to have all of the fun; this works well with gourds, too!

    Pumpkin and Gourds with SucculentsPumpkin and Gourds with Succulents

    Pumpkin Flower Arrangements FAQ

    How long do the pumpkins stay fresh?

    It depends on a few factors, like how fresh it was to begin with and what the conditions are. But I would say a good estimate would be 1-2 weeks. Keep the pumpkins cool and away from sunlight to help them last longer.

    How far in advance can I make these pumpkins?

    Like all fresh flowers, they look best when freshly made, so I would try to make them no more than 1-2 days in advance. The arrangement should then look pretty for another 1-2 weeks, depending on the flowers and the temperature they are stored at.

    More Ways to Use Pumpkins

     

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    Stephanie Rose

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  • What the Heck is That?! Your Guide to Delicious Winter Squash – Garden Therapy

    What the Heck is That?! Your Guide to Delicious Winter Squash – Garden Therapy

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    Don’t be intimidated by those weird and wonderful winter squash! Fanciful shapes, stripes, bumps, and warts, these gorgeous vegetables are as tasty as they are pretty. If your only winter squash experience is pumpkin pie, it’s time to try something new.

    13 Winter Squashes to Cook and Enjoy

    There are many varieties of winter squash available that are versatile, healthy, and delicious. The next time you are out shopping for a pumpkin, keep an eye out for one of these yummy varieties of winter squash.

    Butternut Squash

    If you’re new to squash and unsure where to start, I would recommend beginning with butternut squash. It’s my go-to! Butternut squash is very easy to peel and cut, and it tastes absolutely delicious.

    Butternut squash is versatile and doesn’t taste overly sweet. Most markets have butternut available year-round, making it a great starter squash for those new to cooking with this winter vegetable. Although it has a lighter texture and flavor when cooked, butternut squash can be used in place of sweet potatoes in recipes.

    See more on how to cook with butternut squash.

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    While available year-round, it is in season during fall and early winter.

    Sugar Pumpkin

    Have you noticed that those giant pumpkins sold during Halloween lack any substantial flesh? That’s because they were bred to be carved and not eaten. Instead, sugar pumpkins are small, have thick, flesh-packed walls and have a distinctive “pumpkin” flavour.

    If you want to skip the canned pumpkin for your baking and make your own purée, then a sugar pumpkin is the squash for you.

    To prepare these pumpkins, you’ll want to cut them in half and then scoop out the seeds. Don’t forget to roast the seeds (like these highly addictive pumpkin seeds).

    Once cleaned, put it in a baking tray with the cut side facing up. In the baking tray, add about an inch of water. Leave the pumpkin in the oven until you can piece the flesh with a fork, and it feels nice and soft.

    Let it cool, and then scoop out the pulp from the inside. And voila! You’ve made yourself some puree to make pies, scones, muffins, creme brulee, or other desserts.

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    Look for sugar or pie pumpkins rather than carving pumpkins.

    Spaghetti Squash

    For low-carb lovers, spaghetti squash comes in a close second to zucchini as their favourite versatile vegetable. Its flesh is tender and chewy, with a fragile texture and mild flavour.

    The squash gets its name from the spaghetti-like strands of the flesh when cooked. Unlike other winter squash varieties, spaghetti squash is not sweet. The “strands” make a perfect low-carb replacement for pasta.

    To get the “spaghetti,” cut the squash in half and remove the seeds. Roast the squash cut-side up in a pan with an inch of water. When cooked, the flesh will be shredded with a fork into strands that look like spaghetti noodles. Season and serve with your favourite pasta sauce.

    Spaghetti squash can be white, yellow, or orange hues.

    Acorn Squash

    This is another squash that is readily available in grocery stores year-round. The skin is typically dark green, with a bit of orange peeking through. The flesh is orange and has a nutty, sweet flavour. This skin of the acorn squash is edible and makes a great vessel to serve soups and dips.

    When shopping, look for acorn squash that doesn’t have deep ribs, as the rounder the squash, the easier it is to peel.

    I use a heavy-duty vegetable peeler to remove the skin. Even though you can technically eat it, it doesn’t taste that good while cooking.

    Cut between the ribs and then use the peeler to clean up the edges. Once you have these sections of squash, it’s very easy to cut acorn squash into half moons or in chunks. I cut mine up into as close to squares as possible.

    Next, I put the squash in a roasting pan and cover it with salt, pepper, and olive oil. When it’s tender and ready to come out, I drizzle it with a balsamic reduction. This makes for such an excellent side dish!

    Sometimes, I also serve it this way alongside butternut squash. Together, they make a nice salad because you get a different density with the butternut squash. An acorn squash density is somewhere in between a summer and a winter squash. It has a lot more water content.

    Try this Acorn Squash with Coconut Chickpea Stuffing Recipe.

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    Look for an acorn squash that is as round and smooth as possible to make it easy to peel.

    Sweet Dumpling Squash

    How can you not love something called “Sweet Dumpling”? This darling squash is small and compact. The flesh tastes like sweet potatoes, and you can even eat the skin. It is perfect for use as an edible bowl for soups and stews.

    To cook it, you can cut and prepare it the same way as you would the acorn squash.

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    While fun and funky on the outside, the flesh is a light orange.

    Carnival Squash

    The carnival squash is the offspring of an acorn and a sweet dumpling squash. It resembles both parents in shape, and its yellow flesh is mellow and sweet. In recipes, substitute this squash for acorn squash or butternut squash.

    Carnival squash can be cooked the same way as the acorn squash or butternut squash, just maybe without the balsamic reduction. They’re a really nice pumpkin to stuff!

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    These squash are often used as funky decorations during Halloween as well.

    Delicata Squash

    Also known as the sweet potato squash, Delicata has a creamy flesh with a mild flavour similar to sweet potatoes. The skin is edible, which makes this squash a cinch to prepare: cut it in half, remove the seeds, and roast away!

    The delicata squash is very dense, which is what makes it great for stuffing and baking.

    To cook them, cut them in half lengthwise to create a little boat and scoop out the seeds. Roast on a pan with an inch of water.

    To season them, I like to drizzle them with olive oil, a little bit of brown sugar, butter, and some salt. They taste so sweet and savory when you cook them this way!

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    As a larger squash, one delicata can go a long way.

    Kabocha Squash

    Kabocha is an Asian variety of winter squash known for its squat green appearance and rich orange flesh. It’s used widely in Japan and Korea and is often referred to as a Japanese Pumpkin (“kabocha” is the Japanese word for “pumpkin”).

    Its texture is similar to that of a chestnut and tastes like a cross between a pumpkin and a sweet potato. In Japan, the Kabocha is used in tempura, stewed, and in desserts. Kabocha can be roasted or steamed and used the same way as other hard winter squashes, such as butternut or pumpkins.

    Red Kabocha is similar to its green counterpart in shape, but it is reddish orange with sweeter flesh. Red Kabocha is excellent for use in desserts and curries

    Another variety that is similar that I cook with is the Red Kuri squash (more on that one below!). I use both the red kuri and kabocha squashes for making curries, soups, and stews since they hold their form. Unlike other squash, they won’t turn mushy when you put them in cooking. So you get a really delicious texture and flavour.

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    You can find both kabocha and red kabocha squash.

    Buttercup Squash

    Buttercup looks like a miniature version of Kabocha squash. It has a sweet, creamy flavour and is considered the sweetest of all winter squash.

    The flesh tends to be on the dry side, so roasting is not recommended. Instead, steam or bake to use in soups and curries.

    Cook it following the same instructions as the sugar pumpkin. Once you cook them, you scoop out the flesh, and it’s going to be more mushy and puree-like. This makes the consistency good for baking or making soups with, anything that won’t stay together.

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    Green on the outside, it has orange flesh.

    Blue Hubbard Squash

    This is one of the largest varieties of winter squash. Its exterior is firm and can range in colour from deep green to gray or blue. Blue Hubbard’s flesh is a deep orange with a sweet pumpkin flavour. Hubbards are a great choice for baking. You can use this squash for soups or pies.

    To prepare this squash, you will also want to steam it. Follow the same instructions as the sugar pumpkins, scooping out the flesh once cooked.

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    The blue hue of this squash can throw people off, but it’s really quite sweet in flavour.

    Red Kuri Squash

    This cute little squash is bright orange with a rich, buttery flesh and savoury flavour. The skin is edible on the Red Kuri, which will bring a fun, seasonal colour to your dish. This squash is perfect for braising, roasting, and baking.

    When cooking the Red Kuri squash really holds together. For this reason, it’s great for adding chunks into curry, soup, stew, and as tempura. One of my favourite dishes is Thai red curry with pumpkin. You can customize it by adding beef, pork, or chicken to it as well.

    It’s made in a nice red curry sauce and then with pieces of red kuri (said the same, but spelled differently!).

    The skin will be orange with a green line showing a second skin with denser flesh on the inside. The trick is to cook it until it’s quite tender, and then it will absorb the flavour of the soups or stews it’s in. You really need to cook it so it won’t be crunchy, but the plus is that the squash won’t turn to mush.

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    The red kuri squash is the one on top of this “pumpkin pyramid”

    Cinderella Pumpkin

    This fun pumpkin may have gotten Cinderella to the ball, but it’s so much more than a magical transport vehicle. Cinderella pumpkin’s rich, thick flesh is moist and custard-like, with a sweet flavour that surpasses almost any other pumpkin you can get.

    You can use it in any winter squash recipe, but if you get your hands on one, make pie. It makes the most delicious pumpkin pie you will ever taste.

    Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.Discover the many varieties of winter squash available and learn the best way to cook them in this guide to demystifying winter squash.
    Once cooked, the starches in the pumpkin carmelize to create a super sweet taste.

    Turks Turban Squash

    A heirloom squash, people love this wacky squash for its interesting shape and mixture of colours. I find it to be really beautiful and interesting.

    To prepare the Turks squash, you first cut off the “cap.” This can be quite difficult, so make sure the person doing so is skilled with a very sharp knife. Alternatively, use a paring knife if you don’t feel as confident.

    Then, you prepare the top and bottom. Scoop out the seeds and roast them in a pan with some water. Once the flesh is fork tender, scoop out the flesh. But leave a little behind on the edges!

    When I made this squash, I mixed it with cooked rice, roasted tomatoes, roasted garlic, salt, and parmesan cheese. When mixed together, it made a really nice pumpkin pilaf.

    The best part…I put it back in the squash skin as a bowl! While the bowl is very thin, it becomes hard. You can knock it and see that it holds together as a bowl. To serve it, I scooped the pumpkin pilaf inside and put the little cap on top. It was an absolutely delicious meal, and I highly recommend it.

    Turks turban squashTurks turban squash
    My Turks Turban squash is filled with rice pilaf and topped with the cap.

    More Pumpkins Please!

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    Stephanie Rose

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  • Create a Luxurious Outdoor Shower with a French Drain – Garden Therapy

    Create a Luxurious Outdoor Shower with a French Drain – Garden Therapy

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    While an outdoor shower with a French drain was not part of the original plans for my garden, it quickly became a game changer and one of my favourite parts of my outdoor space. If you’re looking for a way to elevate your backyard (which I highly recommend), this is my experience installing and using my French drain and outdoor shower. 

    If you’ve been following along with my garden, you’ll probably remember that one of the projects I completed was a spa area with a hot tub. While I initially had some concerns about the amount of energy, water, and chemicals that hot tubs use, I knew that it could help alot with my chronic pain.  

    And I was right! Soaking at least once a day has made a world of a difference, and I’ve managed to find ways to keep my setup eco-friendly and natural. 

    When I set out to install the hot tub in my garden, my original plans did not include an outdoor shower. However, the second-hand hot tub that I ended up purchasing from Facebook marketplace included one, and adding it to my little outdoor oasis has been one of the best (accidental) decisions I’ve made.

    Here’s what you need to know…

    Outdoor shower and hot tubOutdoor shower and hot tub
    My outdoor shower is right next to my hot tub and patio.

    What is a French Drain?

    If you’re not familiar with the French drain, it’s essentially a trench or hole filled with rocks that allows water to seep through and redirect it. Some drains designed to handle more water also include a perforated pipe or weeping tile.

    While similar subsurface drainage systems have been used for centuries, Henry Flagg French popularized the French drain in 1859 when he wrote about them in his book Farm Drainage. This early iteration described by the French used roofing tile, but special drain tiles with perforations were designed later. 

    Nowadays, French drains are typically used to prevent ground and surface water from damaging buildings and installed along streets and highways as an alternative to open ditches and storm sewers. 

    outdoor shower bamboo base surrounded by crush graveloutdoor shower bamboo base surrounded by crush gravel
    The top of my French drain is a bamboo base and smooth riverstone.

    My French Drain Design

    When I started researching drainage options for the base of the shower, the French drain immediately stood out to me. It was a simple solution that didn’t require any synthetic materials. 

    Because I only needed to prevent water from pooling at the bottom of the shower, not to direct the water to a different area of my property, I went with a basic design. Rather than using a pipe, I was able to simply create a 3 feet deep hole the size of the shower base. 

    My soil was so compacted and saturated from the high water table, that it came out like a perfect cube with straight sides!

    Since the shower is next to my hot tub where there are no plants, I didn’t need to line the hole with landscape fabric. Once I had my drainage hole, I just filled it with ¾ inch crush gravel from my local landscape store. I also placed a wood and bamboo base on top of the rocks to make the shower more comfortable on my feet. 

    Now when I turn the shower on, the water runs into the gravel and quickly filters down instead of pooling!

    outdoor shower with French drainoutdoor shower with French drain
    My French drain is three feet deep, while the drainage by my hot tub is only about 3 inches deep.

    The Shower Design

    An outdoor shower wasn’t in my original plan for this area. But since one came with my second-hand hot tub, I decided to make use of it. 

    Like my hot tub, the shower needed a bit of work, but I was able to salvage most of the parts. The main thing I had to do was replace the pipe, as the original one had burst. 

    The shower is a propane-fueled camping shower, which heats up the water quickly and works so well for the space I have. 

    I generally have a cold shower after spending time in the hot tub. I do circuits in the hot tub, soaking for fifteen minutes in the heat, followed by an ice-cold shower. Especially during the summer, I find that I haven’t had a shower indoors in weeks.

    Now that it’s getting colder, I can also have warm showers outside. It also makes showering before I get in the hot tub so convenient, which helps keep the water clean without having to use chemicals. Showering before entering is one of the main ways that I keep my hot tub clean.

    I use my shower before and after my hot tub, and have mostly replaced having indoor showers with it.

    Decorating My Outdoor Shower

    My hot tub and outdoor shower area are seriously one of my favourite parts of my house. My secondhand hot tub also came with a privacy gazebo made of cedar. The wood has been treat with Shou Sugi Ban, which is a Japanese technique for burning wood to preserve and stain it.

    I added some shelves to the walls to decorate, filling it with houseplants, candles, and a knickknacks or two. These houseplants are good to hang out outside for the warmer months, and I’ll bring them in for the colder months.

    Around the base, I added some potted shade plants like hostas and ferns to really make it feel like you’re showering in the forest. I use the shower water to keep them hydrated so it’s a great spot for plants that like the moisture.

    hot tub plant and shelfhot tub plant and shelf
    My decorative shelf and artwork against the Shou Sugi Ban treated wall.
    pothos on shelf outdoors next to showerpothos on shelf outdoors next to shower
    Decorate with houseplants during the summer.

    Keeping Your Outdoor Shower Eco-Friendly

    Like most things I do, I try to keep my outdoor shower as eco-friendly as possible. Because I opted for a French drain, it’s important for me to keep in mind that all the products I use will drain into the earth. 

    For me, this means using my own homemade soap and biodegradable shampoo. Right now, I’ve been loving my sunflower and turmeric soap, but if you’re interested in making your own natural soap, I have tons of recipes and tips. 

    soap and loofah on dish next to houseplantsoap and loofah on dish next to houseplant
    Make sure all your shower products are biodegradable.

    FAQs About My Outdoor Shower

    Where not to put a French drain?

    French drains should not be installed less than 3 feet away from any walls, trees, and fences. Low spots in your yard are also not the place for a French drain as natural pooling can cause the drain to retain too much water. 

    How deep should a French drain be buried? 

    This type of drain needs to be at least a foot and a half deep in order to do its job. I chose to make mine 3 feet to accommodate my shower. 

    What is the best base for an outdoor shower?

    The base I chose for my own outdoor shower is made of wood and bamboo. It allows the water to drain into the gravel, but it’s still comfortable to stand on. I also liked the natural look of this option, but stone tiles are another popular choice. 

    outdoor shower head turned onoutdoor shower head turned on

    Overall, my outdoor shower has quickly become one of my very favourite things in my yard. If you’re considering installing one, whether you have a hot tub or not, I can’t recommend it enough! If you have any questions about the design or usage, feel free to leave them in the comments below.

    See More of My New House Updates

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    Stephanie Rose

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  • Easy Homemade Lavender Bath Salts Recipe – Garden Therapy

    Easy Homemade Lavender Bath Salts Recipe – Garden Therapy

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    Making fragrant jars of homemade lavender bath salts couldn’t be easier. In vintage mason jars, bath salts look beautiful on display and make wonderful gifts. Here is a recipe to make your own in just a few simple steps.

    There are so many different botanicals you can add to bath salts, and somehow I keep coming back to lavender again and again. The scent is soothing and relaxing, and I find the benefits of the plant to be numerous.

    You’ll find me in the tub frequently. My body requires a good soak pretty well every day to manage the aches and pains. While I use my hot tub all the time now, I still appreciate the therapeutic benefits of an Epsom salt bath.

    Epsom salt is primarily made of magnesium, and your body can absorb it externally. Combine it with the aromatherapy of lavender, and you’ve got quite a therapeutic combo.

    Here’s what you need to know about lavender bath salts!

    fresh lavender from the gardenfresh lavender from the garden
    I use real dried lavender buds for this recipe. I harvest mine from the garden, but they’re also easy to find online.

    The Benefits of Bath Salts

    After a long day in my garden, I often look forward to a long soak in the tub afterward. For this reason, I make sure to keep my supply of bath salts well-stocked! Bath salts are made with Epsom salt,  and some of the benefits include:

    • Helps with insomnia – there’s a reason a nice soak in the bath will make you sleepy. Epsom salt has magnesium, which can help your body produce melatonin naturally. Combine that with the relaxing effect of soaking in hot water, and you’ll sleep more soundly.
    • Reduces pain and inflammation – for those who have inflammatory conditions such as fibromyalgia, the magnesium in Epsom salt can improve symptoms and reduce pain (also consider this magnesium lotion for pain).
    • Help with sore muscles – athletes are often advised to soak in a tub of Epsom salt after tough workouts. There’s no reason the same benefits can’t be applied to those of us with lesser athletic endeavours!

    The Benefits of Lavender

    Lavender has plenty of healing and cleansing properties, making it the perfect addition to a jar of bath salts. Some benefits of using lavender, whether dried or in essential oil form, include:

    • Reduces anxiety – there’s something immediately soothing about the scent of lavender. A recent study showed that science backs this up too!
    • Helps with sleep problems – the same study also showed that lavender was superior to a placebo when used for insomnia, disturbed sleep, or restlessness.
    • Stabilizes mood – whether you are in a season or stress, or dealing with depression, lavender is beneficial aromatherapy to employ.
    • You can grow it at home – perhaps the most fun thing about lavender is that you can grow it right in your own backyard! It also happens to be an excellent way to attract beneficial pollinators to your yard, too.
    lavenderlavender
    Lavender is quite prolific, and one bush can provide you with plenty of dried lavender buds.

    Tips for Picking and Preserving Lavender

    I harvest lavender for crafts and DIYs quite often at my home. I wrote an entire post detailing my process, but here are the highlights of how to harvest lavender for bath salts or any other project:

    • Use sharp pruners and leave a minimum of 2 leaves on the stem to promote regrowth.
    • Dry bunches of lavender by hanging them upside down.
    • Once dry, shake the dried lavender off into a bowl or container.

    Lavender buds look beautiful in a clear jar of bath salts, especially if I want to present it to someone as a gift. Sometimes, when lavender dries, it turns gray or brown, but there are a few things you can do to help the buds keep their pretty purple colour.

    It’s a good idea to harvest lavender before the buds bloom.

    Choose One of These Varieties

    Any lavender can be harvested and dried for use, but Purple Bouquet, Royal Purple, and Folgate lavenders hold their colour especially well as they dry out.

    Harvest at the Right Time

    Cut your lavender from the plant just before the blooms open for the best colour. I like to leave at least some blooms to open in the garden for the bees, though.

    Store Properly

    I like to keep my lavender (and my lavender bath salts) in a clear glass jar, but exposing the dried buds to light will make them lose their colour, so keep the jar of lavender hidden away in a dark cupboard or drawer.

    Lavender buds and BeeswaxLavender buds and Beeswax
    Store your lavender away from sunlight and heat.

    Lavender Bath Salts Recipe

    Okay, let’s talk about how to make the bath salts! It only takes a few minutes to make (well, after you dry the lavender, that is) so you’ll be soaking in the tub in no time.

    Materials

    Lavender Bath Salts Handmade Gift IdeaLavender Bath Salts Handmade Gift Idea
    Don’t worry about having bits of stems of leaves from the lavender make their way in.

    Make it

    1. Open all your Mason jars. Set the lids aside, but keep them handy—you’ll need them shortly!
    2. Fill each Mason jar about halfway full of the Epsom salts.
    3. Next, we can add the lavender oil. I have found that 10-15 drops are about right, but if you are making a small container, adjust accordingly. Then, put the lid back on and shake well to combine.
    4. Remove the lid again, and add one tablespoon of your dried lavender flowers. Then replace lid once more and shake to combine.
    5. Add more Epsom salts to fill the jar and then (you guessed it) replace the lid and shake, shake, shake.
    6. Optional: download and print these freebie canning labels to dress up the jars. This is especially fun if you are making these as a gift!

    As you can see, making this DIY is simple. You’ll be so glad you gave this one a try!

    Lavender Bath Salts Mason JarLavender Bath Salts Mason Jar
    Add as many lavender buds as you wish!

    FAQ About Lavender Bath Salts

    Will the lavender buds clog up the drain?

    If you have a lot of build-up and use lots of lavender buds, then yes. I find that the buds mostly stick to the sides of my tub. I just wipe them up with a face cloth and shake them into the compost. If you’re looking for a quick cleanup, you can put the bath salts in tea bags, like I do in this post.

    Can I make these lavender bath salts ahead of time?

    If you’re making these as gifts, they do keep quite well. To maintain the purple colour of the lavender buds, store them in an airtight jar away from sunlight and heat. Feel free to top up with more lavender essential oil when it’s time to use or gift the bath salts.

    How can I prevent my Epsom salts from clumping?

    You want to keep the moisture out of them as much as possible. Keeping them in an airtight container is your best bet. You can also add in a hint of some jojoba oil or other oil to prevent clumping. You can also try adding in a brown sugar saver, as they absorb moisture.

    How much Epsom salt should I use in a bath?

    It depends on the size of your tub. I like to use one cup of bath salts for my large soaker tub, but if you’re looking for more therapeutic benefits, add in two.

    More Posts with Lavender

    Love lavender? Me too! Check out all of the crafts and projects that can be done with just a few backyard lavender plants:

    DIY Lavender Bath Salts

    It doesn’t get much more relaxing than a long soak in a tub filled with lavender bath salts! Here’s how to mix up a batch at home.

    • Fill each Mason jar about halfway full of the Epsom salts.

    • Add just 10-15 drops of essential oil, replace lid, and shake.

    • Remove the lid again, add 1 tablespoon of dried lavender flowers, replace lid and shake (again).

    • Add more Epsom salts to fill the jar, replace the lid and shake well once more.

    • Optional: download and print these freebie canning labels to dress up the jars.

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    Stephanie Rose

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  • Succulents in Winter: How to Overwinter Succulents – Garden Therapy

    Succulents in Winter: How to Overwinter Succulents – Garden Therapy

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    Succulents are typically thought of as a plant that thrives in warm temperatures. However, with a little extra care, succulents in winter can do just as well! Here’s how to overwinter succulents and keep them thriving all year long.

    With succulents at the height of popularity, there is now a great variety of interesting new plants available for the home garden. There are so many beautiful and decorative specimens that you very well may have collected some succulents that you would like to grow for years to come.

    Some succulents are alright to remain outside, while others benefit from being brought inside. Don’t worry, I’ll break it all down!

    This is how I overwinter succulents, both hardy and tender, so that they continue to thrive in my garden.

    Stacked planters filled with green succulents going up deck stairsStacked planters filled with green succulents going up deck stairs
    Succulents in pots will need to be moved undercover outside.

    What is a Succulent?

    A succulent is a fleshy-leafed plant that is tolerant of drought due to the retention of extra water in the leaves or stems.  Succulent plant varieties include:

    • Sedum
    • Sempervivum
    • Echeveria
    • Aeonium
    • Crassula
    • Aloe
    • Haworthia
    • Cacti

    In general, the term “succulents” is used to categorize plants that have fleshy parts and a similar need for some water, bright light, and a tolerance of drought. While there are about 60 families of plants that fall into the category, not all plants in all of those 60 families are succulents.

    As you can imagine, it’s difficult to have a care standard for “succulents” as there is a wide range of plants that fall into the category.

    Three Catagories of Succulents

    That being said, I tend to separate them into three categories and use those guidelines to care for my plants. This allows me to know how to overwinter them too. The three categories I use are:

    1. cacti
    2. hardy succulents
    3. tender succulents

    Personally, I don’t grow any cacti outdoors—I certainly don’t have the right climate for it!  So, in this post, I will focus on caring for succulents in winter that are hardy and tender.

    Overwintering succulents in potsOverwintering succulents in pots
    Many of us grow tender succulents inside.

    How to Overwinter Hardy Succulents Outside

    Before getting started with overwintering, I clean up my plants and transplant the pups or offshoots into their own containers. If I have tall or spindly succulents that I don’t love the look of, I remove the tops and transplant them.

    Some winter-hardy varieties don’t need much special care. In fact, some succulents love a cold period, which helps them thrive for the rest of the year.

    Winter-hardy succulents like many Sedum, Sempervivum, Agave, Ice Plant, Lewisa, and Yucca will overwinter well up to Zone 5-6 and higher. Again, this is a generalization, and many of the varietals in each family will have more or less cold-hardiness.

    If these hardy succulents are planted in the garden, I generally leave them over winter and just clean up the brown leaves or transplant them in the spring.

    If they are in containers, I move the containers under cover. Simply placing the pots under a bench, deck, or eaves near the house saves both the pots and the succulents some wear and tear.

    Hardy succulents in a pot outside in winterHardy succulents in a pot outside in winter
    Look up if your succulents are hardy in your zone, and then you can leave them outside.

    How to Overwinter Tender Succulents Indoors

    Tender succulents in winter such as Aeonium, Echeveria, and Crassula will need a bit more hands-on care during the temperature drops. However, it is worth doing what you can to protect them. These are beautifully decorative succulents and they can add a lot of wow-factor to next year’s containers and projects.

    Tender succulents being overwintered outsideTender succulents being overwintered outside
    Start by cleaning up your succulents.
    Transplanting succulentsTransplanting succulents
    Remove any transplants into new soil.

    Just as I do with the hardy succulents, I clean up the plant as much as possible and transplant any offshoots. It’s not worth saving a plant that is looking a bit rough around the edges or one that has disease and pest problems. Just add them to your compost bin and focus on the healthy plants.

    If your plant is a little bit overgrown, then it might be worth taking some cuttings and propagating those for new, young plants next spring.

    Propagating succulent pups in the winterPropagating succulent pups in the winter
    Move your tender succulents into new soil to avoid transplanting over critters.

    The Best Soil for Succulents

    Replace the soil by removing the plant from the pot, shaking off any soil from the roots and replanting the succulent into a sterile cactus & succulent mix. This will keep the critters that are in the soil from overwintering along with your succulents.

    You can find my homemade succulent soil mix here. It’s easy to make and works very well!

    Replanting succulents in new soilReplanting succulents in new soil
    Succulents need soil to dry out completely between waterings.

    Location Needs: Temperature, Light, and Humidity

    Move the plants indoors into a cool location like a garage or basement that gets at least a couple of hours of light per day. When the succulents go dormant in the winter, they don’t need 8 hours of bright sunlight (but if you keep them indoors where it’s quite warm, then they will need sunlight because they won’t be able to go dormant).

    Keep the succulents in a location that gets enough heat to dry out the air. In areas that get quite a bit of moisture in the winter (like where I live in Vancouver), I find that an unheated garage or cold space in a basement can have too much moisture and cause the succulents to mould.

    I set my succulents on a north-facing window in a heated garage that I keep much cooler than the house and they are happy as can be.

    Succulents indoors in the winter timeSucculents indoors in the winter time
    Succulents need no additional fertilizer in the winter either.

    Watering Needs

    When tender succulents have gone dormant for the winter they don’t need as much water. You can give them some water every 1 to 2 months and allow the soil to dry out between watering. The soil shouldn’t be soggy or else it will promote rot.

    With these tips, both hardy and tender succulents will have a nice winter’s rest. In the spring, when the temperature warms up, they may look a little bit scraggly. Pop them outside again, pull off any brown leaves, and place them out in the garden. In no time, your succulents will be bright and beautiful again. Let’s hope they even multiply!

    silver repurposed as succulent planterssilver repurposed as succulent planters
    I only water my succulents every 1-2 months in the winter.

    FAQ About Succulents in Winter

    Should I fertilize my succulents in the winter?

    No. Your succulents (and most houseplants) go into dormancy during the winter, and they won’t require any fertilizer since they’re not in an active growth period. This is also why they require minimal sunlight and water during this time.

    Can I put my succulents in the garage for the winter?

    It depends on where you live, but the garage could be the ideal place for your succulents. If it’s cold, you can move your hardy succulents in pots into the garage, and they’ll be protected quite well.

    My tender succulents are in a north-facing window in my garage studio below the ground line, and they go semi-dormant in the winter. It gets quite chilly in there. Once I move them back outside for the spring, they perk right back up. However, if your garage gets super cold, it might be too cold for your tender succulents.

    Should succulents be by the window in the winter?

    It’s very difficult for succulents to get enough sunlight indoors. I prefer to put my succulents in an area where they get only a few hours of sunshine a day, and it’s cold. This forces them into dormancy.

    If it’s warm, they won’t go dormant and will require the usual 8 hours of sunlight. So, if this is the case, you want to put them in a south-facing window with as much sunlight as possible in the winter. They’ll probably get leggy but should perk back up in the spring.

    succulent on windowsillsucculent on windowsill
    Gollum jade succulent

    More Tips for Growing Succulents

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    Stephanie Rose

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  • Sweetly Masculine Lime and Cedarwood Soap Recipe – Garden Therapy

    Sweetly Masculine Lime and Cedarwood Soap Recipe – Garden Therapy

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    Made from the mighty cedar tree, cedarwood essential oil creates a relaxing aroma that can’t be ignored. Once combined with the sweet yet tart fragrance of lime, you have a slightly masculine and refreshing soap. Delicately speckled with spirulina powder for colour, add this lime and cedarwood soap recipe to your winter crafting list.

    If you’re looking for a masculine essential oil blend for soap, you can’t go wrong with the combination of cedarwood and lime. It’s got the bright and fresh scent of lime coupled with the earthy, deep, and woodsy scent of cedarwood.

    The blend creates a nice scent for the fall and winter months and makes a great gift for those who like those earthy masculine scents. This is a very clean and fresh soap that is good for deodorizing but also cozy and nourishing.

    Let’s get into it!

    stacked homemade cedarwood soapstacked homemade cedarwood soap
    This soap is really great for anyone who loves woodsy smells.

    What Does Cedarwood Soap Smell Like?

    When I think of cedarwood essential oil, my mind goes to a newly built deck, a fresh layer of mulch, an antique cedarwood chest, and perhaps most of all, pencils! Cedar trees have one of the strongest scents in nature and once it’s cut, you can smell it from many feet away.

    Over the years, cedarwood has turned into a more masculine scent as it is used in many aftershaves, deodorants, and other products tailored to men. While some may consider this a manly soap, I adore the scent and will use it any day of the week on myself.

    The best way I can describe the scent of cedarwood would be the feeling of a deep walk through the wood. Sweet and woody, it has balsamic undertones and smells a little spicier than other wood oils. Keep in mind, there are many different types of cedarwood trees and each oil will smell a little different.

    I can’t get enough of cedarwood. In fact, I have another cedarwood-inspired winter forest soap perfect for the holiday season.

    cedar and lime soap recipecedar and lime soap recipe
    The lime essential oils also help to brighten up the woody top notes.

    What is Cedarwood Soap Good For?

    We can put a big checkmark next to the scent of cedarwood soap, but what exactly is it good for? The cedarwood essential oil plays double duty in this recipe, providing both a refreshing scent as well as plenty of skin benefits.

    The scent itself is extremely strong and works well for deodorizing. You can use the soap to refresh after the gym or a long day working outside in the garden. Your skin will carry a lighter version of the scent and leave you smelling like a walk in the woods.

    The antibacterial properties of cedarwood essential oil also help to improve acne and other skin irritations by reducing pain, swelling, and inflammation.

    Some people also use the scent for meditation. It is said to have metaphysical properties that can help increase a spiritual connection. The oil is known for being a sedative, working to decrease anxiety and encourage a night of better sleep.

    lime and cedar soaplime and cedar soap
    The scent carries lightly on the skin after use.

    The Benefits of Lime Soap

    Now we can’t forget about the other half of this super duo! Much like its taste, lime has a zesty and slightly sour scent. And just like lemon, it’s packed full of antioxidants that certainly can’t hurt to apply to the skin.

    A relatively affordable essential oil, lime is known most for its astringent and antiseptic properties. Many use it to purify and cleanse, as it’s known for treating skin irritations such as acne and soothe inflamed surfaces.

    While you can use this soap any time of the year, I especially like it for use in the winter.

    This recipe is a very moisturizing lime soap that will help to keep your hands from drying out. After all, winter has a nasty habit of sucking out every ounce of moisture from our skin. This can result in cracking skin, which can fill with unwanted bacteria and create more skin problems.

    But in comes the cleansing lime to save the day! Your winter skin will be more than happy to soak in the lather of this lime and cedarwood soap.

    cedarwood and lime soap stacked together cedarwood and lime soap stacked together
    The blend of oils in this soap is super moisturizing and ideal for dry skin.

    Lime and Cedarwood Soap Recipe

    Delight the senses with this lime and cedar soap, perfect for mimicking the freshness of the cool season. This is one of the many soap recipes I have on Garden Therapy! For more detailed instructions, be sure to check out my basic cold process soap recipe.

    This cedar soap is coloured with spirulina powder. Spirulina powder is dried algae that has a deep blue-green colour. However, the colour fades over time.

    Add it generously (I use 1 tsp), knowing that the colour will become less prominent the older the soap gets. I also topped it with calendula petals and dried parsley, both of which hold their colour really well in soap!

    a block of homemade soap made from a lime and cedar soap recipea block of homemade soap made from a lime and cedar soap recipe
    Calendula petals and parsley flakes are used as toppers for the soap.

    Ingredients

    This recipe makes 2 lbs of soap. See the recipe card for exact measurements.

    Jump to Recipe

    Materials

    lime and cedar soaplime and cedar soap
    Add a swirl with the spirulina powder for extra pretty soap.

    Make It!

    Before you get started, measure out all your ingredients beforehand with a kitchen scale.

    Melt all your oils and cocoa butter together over low heat. You want a temperature of 115° F.

    While your oils are heating, make your lye water in the heatproof glass. Stir continuously in a well-ventilated area until completely dissolved. Move the glass to an ice bath until it also cools to a temperature of 115° F.

    cedarwood soap recipecedarwood soap recipe
    Calendula petals offer a nice contrast to the green.

    Ensure your oil and lye water are at the same temperature, and then slowly add the water to the oils in a large bowl. Use the immersion blender and blend until it reaches a light trace. Add in your essential oils and blend in well.

    Next, I add a teaspoon of spirulina to one side of the bowl and use my spatula in small circles just along the edge of the bowl. This mixes the spirulina with the soap without spreading it throughout the entire mixture. Once the powder is mixed into a dark green circle at the edge of the bowl, I pull it through the soap once or twice before pouring it into the soap mould.

    Sprinkle the top with calendula petals and dried parsley. Move the soap somewhere warm for 48 hours before unmolding the soap. You can then cut it into sections and let it cure in a cool dark place for 6 weeks before lathering up.

    lime and cedarwood soap lime and cedarwood soap

    FAQ For Cedarwood Soap

    Is there a substitute for rice bran oil?

    Yes, you can replace it with macadamia nut oil, grapeseed oil, shea butter, or sweet almond oil.

    Is cedarwood the same as sandalwood?

    Sandalwood is a different kind of tree variety, though they’re often found in the same forests as cedars. They have similar fragrances, though may differ slightly in scent. Sandalwood will be more likely to have a sweet, smoky scent.

    What is the colour of spirulina soap?

    Spirulina powder is a type of blue-green algae that is ground up. It has a dark bluish, green colour. It’s a great natural colourant for soap, and doesn’t fade much over time.

    More Soap-Making Posts

    Lime and Cedarwood Soap

    Take a walk through the woods with this sweetly masculine lime and cedarwood soap recipe. This recipe makes 2 lbs of soap.

    • Measure out your ingredients on the scale.

    • Melt oils and cocoa butter to 115°F over low heat.

    • Make your lye water by combining lye and water in a heatproof glass. Stir until dissolved and then cool in an ice bath to 115°F.

    • Slowly add lye water to oils in a large bowl. Blend until it reaches a light trace.

    • Add in essential oils and blend again.

    • Add the spirulina powder to one side of the bowl. Use a spatula to make small circles along the edge of the bowl until the powder creates a dark green circle around the edge of the bowl. Pull the dark green through the soap once or twice.

    • Sprinkle dried calendula and parsley on top.

    • Pour into soap mold and move somewhere warm for 48 hours.

    • Cut into equal sections and let soap cure for 6 weeks before use in a cool, dark place.

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    Stephanie Rose

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  • How to Grow Delphinium for a Cottage Style Garden – Garden Therapy

    How to Grow Delphinium for a Cottage Style Garden – Garden Therapy

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    Add some cottage vibes to your garden this summer by planting delphinium. A tall and elegant flower, they have the perfect combination of wildflower charm and ornamental vibrancy. Learn all about how to plant and take care of delphiniums with this guide.

    Looking to add some more colour to your summer garden? Well, delphinium will happily rise above the rest to provide some rare blue flower colour. Pollinators absolutely adore these flowers, with hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies stopping by to take a look.

    An ornamental plant, delphiniums make for a good backdrop in the garden. They cut wonderfully, bringing some life indoors. They’ve been a staple for many years in perennial gardens, mine included!

    If you’re not convinced already, read on for more beautiful delphinium photos to convince you otherwise!

    Purple Delphinium flowerPurple Delphinium flower
    Delphiniums come in many beautiful jewel tones and whites.

    Delphinium Flower Profile

    Delphinium is the scientific name for over 300 species from the family Ranunculaceae. The flower comes in blue, white, pink, and purple spikes of single or double flowers. Blue delphiniums are by far the most popular of the bunch, renowned for their rare true blue colour.

    Delphinium flowers bloom in mid-summer and once again in late summer or early fall. They can be perennials, biennials, or annuals, but perennials are the most popular delphiniums in gardens. Most people refer to delphinium as a perennial flower, while others refer to larkspur as the annual flower (they’re in the same family, and larkspur is really a type of delphinium).

    Native to the northern hemisphere, you can also find the flower in the high mountains of tropical Africa. They are named after the Greek word delphis, meaning dolphin, as the closed flower buds resemble the nose of the dolphin.

    The delphinium flower represents love, joy, and cheerfulness, likely due to its bright blooms. It’s also the birth flower for July! You can find out more about blue flower symbolism here.

    Delphinium Toxicity

    Delphiniums are poisonous to both humans and animals. Avoid ingesting them at all costs, as it can cause digestion issues and serious discomfort. Some note that it causes skin irritation, so wear gloves when working with your delphinium. The plant is most toxic when young.

    Those who raise livestock should take particular care as wild delphiniums are one of the main causes of cattle poisoning for ranchers in the western USA.

    blue delphinium flowersblue delphinium flowers
    The seeds are also toxic.

    How to Plant Delphinium

    As with many perennials, delphinium can be difficult to grow from seed. It’s best to use fresh seed that is less than a year old for best results.

    When to Plant

    A, early summer blooming flower, you want to plant delphinium in early spring or late fall. You can sow delphinium seeds indoors 8-10 weeks before planting or directly sow them in the ground in early spring (they tend to do better when directly sowed).

    Alternatively, you can also sow the seeds in early autumn. They’re very cold-tolerant and can withstand even the coldest winters.

    pink delphiniumpink delphinium
    Delphiniums can regularly grow to 5 or 6 feet tall when mature.

    Where to Plant

    Delphiniums enjoy cool and moist summers and don’t do well in hot, dry climates. They grow best as perennials in zones 3 to 7.

    Sun lovers, delphiniums need a sunny spot in the garden. Provide them with good air circulation and don’t put them in an overcrowded place in the garden. Try to plant them in a sheltered area as strong winds and heavy rain can knock the tall stocks down.

    How to Plant

    Planting from seed is very easy. Simply sprinkle the tiny seeds and cover them with a thin layer of soil. Space any potted delphiniums 1-3 feet apart. You also want to thin out delphinium seeds after they have sprouted and are about 3 inches high.

    For delphiniums returning for the year, thin them out so there 2-3 shoots on young plants and 5-7 on older ones.

    Most delphiniums are grown as perennials, so you’ll want to space them accordingly.

    All delphiniums, with the exception of dwarf varieties, will need added support such as stakes or cages. Do this in the spring when the plant is about 12 inches high. Otherwise, wind and rain will damage them in one swoop.

    delphinium flowersdelphinium flowers
    Delphiniums are great for perennial beds or back borders.

    Delphinium Care

    Once established, delphiniums are extremely easy to care for. They’re even easier to grow if you buy them as transplants from the nursery! Here’s how to keep them happy.

    Light

    In order to get the best blooms, plant your delphiniums in a location with full sun. This means they will get half a day of sun, at a minimum of 6 hours a day.

    If you live in a hot and dry climate, make sure your delphinium has some afternoon shade. Since they like mild temperatures, they will need some protection.

    Water

    Delphiniums like a fair amount of water, needing hydration when there is no rain. Water throughout the season, and don’t let them completely dry out. However, don’t let the soil become soggy. Nice and moist is ideal.

    purple delphinium stalk bloomingpurple delphinium stalk blooming
    Delphinium prefers moist, well-draining soil.

    Soil

    Most delphinium varieties aren’t too picky about their garden soil. That being said, there’s always an ideal! The goal is to have rich, well-draining soil, that leans towards slightly acidic.

    Delphinium can be heavy feeders, so adding lots of organic material upon planting will help you get some beautiful blooms.

    Pruning

    To encourage a second round of flowers, you will want to deadhead the first round of flowers. Cut the flower spikes back to the small, flowering side shoots.

    In the fall, cut back the entire plant to the lowest leaves after it has finished blooming a second time. Leave the remaining foliage to die naturally during the winter.

    delphinium bloomsdelphinium blooms
    Delphinium will rebloom at the end of summer or early fall.

    Pests and Diseases

    Slugs and snails like delphinium and you may find them lurking on the stalks, especially the young growth.

    Another common issue with the plant is powdery mildew. To avoid both powdery mildew and pests, keep the area as clean as possible and free of debris. Avoid having soggy soil and keep good circulation among your plants with proper thinning and pruning.

    Dividing

    You can multiply your perennial delphinium stash by dividing them. Every 3-4 years during the springtime, remove your delphinium from the ground. You will find the young pieces on the outside. Separate those from the main clump and replant them. Discard the old hard heart.

    growing delphiniumgrowing delphinium
    Divide delphinium in early spring every 3 years or so.

    Cutting Delphinium Flowers

    Delphiniums look absolutely gorgeous when you bring them inside. They make for good cutting flowers, adding vibrancy to the home for 6-8 days.

    As soon as the delphinium has opened, head out with a bucket of water to place your harvested stalks right after cutting. You want to harvest when one third of the stems have opened, typically on the bottom.

    Try to harvest in the morning while it is still cool so the plant isn’t under any stress. Use a sharp, disinfected knife to make clean cuts. Before bringing your stalks inside, check for bugs!

    When placing your flowers in a vase, don’t let any of the foliage sit below the water. Add some sugar and vinegar to the water as some homemade floral preservative. Keep them away from ripening fruit, as they are sensitive to ethylene.

    Place your flowers out of direct sunlight and change the water every couple of days. Make sure to follow the tips in this post about how to make cut flowers last longer!

    And that’s all there is to it! Now you can enjoy their splendour inside or out.

    planting delphiniumplanting delphinium

    FAQ About Delphinium

    Do delphinium spread?

    Yes! Delphiniums tend to double in size in just their first year. It’s a good idea to divide your delphiniums every three years, typically at the beginning of spring as soon as foliage appears. Remove the entire plant, and then divide it into pieces so each section has roots and foliage. Usually, one large clump can be turned into four.

    Do delphiniums rebloom?

    Yes they can, if they have enough time in the growing season. As soon as the first set of blooms begin to wither, cut down the entire flower stalk. Leave the surrounding foliage. New shoots should emerge within a couple of weeks. This works best for mature delphinium.

    What’s the difference between larkspur vs delphinium?

    Colloquially, many people refer to larkspur as the annual version of delphinium. Meanwhile, delphinium refers to the perennial version.

    In reality, the word Delphinium is a genus classification that covers around 300 species of plants. Larkspur can sometimes be used interchangeably at the garden centre, which can make things confusing.

    Some people who use the term larkspur are actually referring to the genus Consolida. They do have similar appearances and growth like habit to delphinium, and are part of the same family Ranunculaceae.

    More Flowers to Plant:

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    Stephanie Rose

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