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Tag: Line of credit

  • How to build credit history in Canada – MoneySense

    How to build credit history in Canada – MoneySense

    How to get a credit card in Canada

    Well, you apply. But make sure you’re applying for the right card and that you have a high chance of being approved. You see, the credit card company will check your credit history, and that can affect your current credit score. So, don’t apply for a bunch and hope for the best, as that could make it look like you are at risk for having access to too much credit. The good news: There are many types of credit cards in Canada, including those for newcomers to Canada, students and even those with bad or no credit. Check out our rankings for the best credit cards in Canada for your situation.

    Once you have a credit card you will want to maintain good credit habits, like paying it off on time and paying more than the required minimum payment. Here are some other articles that will help you navigating your first credit card in Canada.

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    Why is credit history important?

    Say you want to rent an apartment. Your credit history is vital because most landlords will want to see your credit score and credit report to judge whether you’ll pay your rent on time. If you get the apartment, you’ll want an internet connection—and for this, too, the large providers will query your credit score.

    If you need to buy or lease a car, your credit history will not only determine whether you’re approved for a loan, but also what interest rate you’re offered: the higher your credit score, the lower the interest rate. Insurance companies may check your credit history before providing coverage. And finally, if you want to buy a home, your credit history is key to qualifying for a mortgage, as well as what mortgage interest rates lenders will offer. A lower rate could save you tens of thousands of dollars over the life of your mortgage.

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    How to build a good credit history when you have no credit history

    Credit history is usually built organically as people start using credit. In Canada, young people who have reached the age of majority (18 or 19, depending on where they live) can apply for a credit card and start building a history of borrowing and repayment.

    If you’re a newcomer to Canada, or if you’re a student, recent grad or young adult who doesn’t have much of a credit history, your credit score may be low—which is a hurdle in getting approved for credit. It’s a frustrating cycle—you need credit history to access credit, and you need credit to build that history. So, what’s the solution? Here are a few steps anybody can take to build their credit history:

    Aditya Nain

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  • Personal loan versus line of credit: Which should you choose? – MoneySense

    Personal loan versus line of credit: Which should you choose? – MoneySense

    Personal loans vs. lines of credit

    With a personal loan, you borrow a single (fixed) amount of money from a bank or other lender. In return, you agree to pay back the principal plus interest over a certain period of time. This is called “installment credit.” Often, personal loans are for specific expenses. For example, you might apply for a car loan to buy a vehicle, or a debt consolidation loan to reduce your debt. Personal loans can be secured with collateral or unsecured, and the amount you’re eligible to receive is tied to your credit history and financial picture.

    When you’re approved for a line of credit, the bank, firm or lender extends a certain amount and you can borrow on an as-needed basis. Whatever you pay back, you can access the credit again, just like with a credit card. This is called “revolving credit.” You can use the money for any purpose you wish. Just like with loans, lines of credit can be secured or unsecured. 

    Here are the key differences at-a-glance.

    Personal loan Line of credit
    Type of credit Installment (non-revolving) Revolving
    Payment schedule A fixed amount over a fixed time period. As-needed, with a minimum monthly payment if you borrow
    Interest rates Fixed or variable Usually variable, and tied to the Prime Rate (which is currently 6.45%.)
    Interest applicability On the whole loan Only on what you borrow
    Extra fees Transaction or service fees Transaction or service fees
    Uses A need specified when applying Any purpose, no need to reveal

    Pros and cons of a personal loan

    Here are the pros and cons for personal loans.

    Pros

    • Interest rates can be lower than with credit cards
    • The fixed payment schedule ensures your loan will be repaid by a certain date.

    Cons

    • Typically higher interest rates than the majority of lines of credit.
    • To use more credit you have to refinance the loan or get a separate loan.
    • Lenders may charge fees for administering the loan.
    • There might be limitations on what you can spend the money on. A car loan is only for the purchase of a vehicle, which may seem obvious, but other loans may only be used for renovations or debt consolidation. 

    Pros and cons of a line of credit 

    Here are the pros and cons for lines of credit.

    Pros

    • Typically have lower interest rates than personal loans.
    • Interest is only charged on the portion of credit used.
    • There is no fixed term so you can pay it off at any time without penalty (as long as you pay the minimum monthly amount).
    • The credit is “revolving”, meaning that once you pay it back you can borrow again without refinancing.
    • You can use the money for any purpose.

    Cons

    • Interest rates are variable, based on the prime rate, so the loan rate will fluctuate. For example, you might have a line of credit where the interest rate is prime + 1.5%. As the prime rate changes, so will the total interest on your line of credit.
    • Lenders often offer the maximum amount which can make it easy to overborrow. 
    • As there is no fixed payment schedule, you must manage repayment on your own. 
    • A secured line of credit against your home (like a HELOC) will require a one-time appraisal as well as legal fees. 

    How interest rates work for loans and lines of credit

    The interest you pay on a personal loan or a line of credit will depend on many factors including the lender, your credit history, the terms of the credit and the prime rate (in the case of variable interest). That said, these are the variables you can negotiate to get the best rates. 

    For a personal loan:

    • Interest rate
      Look for the lowest rate available to you, and decide whether you prefer a fixed or variable rate. 
    • Fixed or variable rate
      Loans most often incur a fixed rate, meaning that the interest is the same throughout the term of the loan. With a variable-rate loan, the interest rate will change in the same direction as the prime rate. 
    • Secured or unsecured
      You might negotiate a lower interest rate if you can secure the loan with collateral, such as a home. 
    • Amortization period
      Amortization is the amount of time you take to pay off the loan and can range from six months to 60 months (five years) for personal loans, reports the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada. Adjusting your amortization period might affect your interest rate.
    • Fees or penalties
      Loans come with fees. With personal loans, for example, you may pay a penalty if you pay it off early.

    For lines of credit:

    Keph Senett

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  • Why young people keep getting caught in debt traps and how to break the cycle – MoneySense

    Why young people keep getting caught in debt traps and how to break the cycle – MoneySense

    “They may see a slight increase in their income, and they think, ‘Oh, I just kind of hit the lottery, and now I’m going to spend like crazy,’” Schwartz said. “And it’s tough to change those behaviours after it’s been ingrained for a long period of time.”

    To prevent this from happening, track spending diligently—you can download apps for this purpose—and delay milestones such as moving out or getting a car if you can, Schwartz said. Build up an emergency fund in case you lose your income or suffer a financial setback, to avoid falling into serious debt.

    “If you have the opportunity when you’re young, when you’re not spending as much on rent, you’re not spending as much on food, if you can cut back on how much you’re socializing—that’s a great place to start to build up that reserve fund,” Schwartz said.

    Live within your monthly cash flow—using your debit card or cash—and develop a short-term austerity plan to make big strides on debt repayment, Terrio said.

    When to focus on debt repayment

    Summer months are tough for austerity because you want to socialize, he pointed out, but January through March are a good time to adhere to a severe budget. Up to 40% of your non-rent income should go to debt, Terrio said, noting short-term austerity is tolerable because it’s over quickly.

    Ultimately, the aim is to reach the tipping point when at least half of your debt payment is going to the principal—and the portion going to interest starts to slide. Never use an instalment loan, he added.

    “All these 36 to 48% interest loans that are $10,000—if you get one of those, you’re done,” Terrio said. “You’re never, ever getting out.”

    Once you’re free of debt, stay that way. Keep your credit limit low and turn down offers to increase it, Terrio said. If you move debt to a line of credit, stop using your credit card.

    The Canadian Press

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  • Should retirees consider a home equity sharing agreement (HESA)? – MoneySense

    Should retirees consider a home equity sharing agreement (HESA)? – MoneySense


    Clay raised seed funding in 2023 and is initially launching the product to home owners in the Greater Toronto Area as an alternative to reverse mortgages and the simple—although not always ideal—option of selling a property to downsize or become renters.

    What is a home equity sharing agreement?

    The HESA is a relatively straightforward concept. You give some of your home equity to Clay in exchange for cash today. Clay will get paid when you sell your home in the future, up to 25 years down the road, meaning you don’t need to make monthly payments in the meantime.

    The limit for a HESA is up to 17.5% of your home’s value, up to $500,000. However, most home owners will get nowhere near that $500,000 limit. The average Canadian home price in December 2023 was $657,145, according to the Canadian Real Estate Association. That would translate to a potential lump sum cash payment of $115,000. The maximum payment of $500,000 would apply to homes valued at around $2.8 million.

    An interesting option with the HESA is that you can buy back Clay’s share of your home anytime after the first five years. So, it’s not an irreversible decision. But there are a few costs to consider.

    Before you can access a HESA, your property is independently appraised to determine its fair market value. Clay will then apply a risk adjustment rate of 5% to determine its starting value for the HESA. Home owners must cover a 5% origination fee and a closing fee of 1% of Clay’s share of your home appreciation (or $500, whichever is greater). The home owner must also pay the cost of inspections, appraisals and fees to cover the registration of Clay’s charge on the property.

    So, Clay gets a good deal on purchasing some of your home’s equity at a lower price, and you pay the ongoing maintenance costs for 100% of the property going forward. The origination and closing fees can also add up. These nuances help make the HESA a good investment for Clay.

    Should retirees consider a HESA?

    I give Clay credit for its innovative approach to helping seniors access their home equity in retirement. Retirees who can’t tap into their home’s value may not have sufficient income to cover their expenses. Some retirees want to use home equity for gifting to their children during their lives, sometimes to help them get into homes of their own.

    A simple alternative may be to downsize or to sell and become a renter. But downsizing can be costly when you consider the transaction costs, including real estate commissions and land transfer tax.



    Jason Heath, CFP

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