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  • Are Peace Lily Plants Poisonous To Cats

    Are Peace Lily Plants Poisonous To Cats

    There are a lot of wonderful plants out there that aren’t so wonderful for your pets. In fact, a large percentage of houseplants are harmful to cats and dogs if consumed, and some can even be life-threatening.

    Cas will often nibble to investigate a new plant, but some will actively try to chew the plant.

    Peace Lilies and CatsPin

    Peace lilies (Spathiphyllum spp.) are among the list of plants we’ve brought into our home and keeping in our gardens. But are these wonderful flowers safe to have around your cat?

    Are Peace Lily Plants Poisonous To Cats?

    Unfortunately, peace lilies (as with most members of the Araceae family) are toxic to cats. However, a few nibbles generally won’t prove fatal.

    Peace Lilies Aren’t True Lilies (Thankfully)

    True lilies (Lilium spp.) are highly toxic to cats. When consumed, a true lily can cause several severe side effects, including kidney failure.

    Thankfully, peace lilies are far less toxic for pets, although they’re still far from edible.

    Instead, they contain a compound known as calcium oxalate with a bunch of symptoms that are rarely lethal but are still nothing to meow at.

    What Is Calcium Oxalate?

    Calcium oxalate is a type of calcium salt created in over 1,000 different plant genera for reasons we don’t yet understand.

    Formed from oxalic acid, the going theory is that forming these crystals is a plant’s way of detoxifying from too much calcium.

    In time, calcium oxalate is broken down by bacteria and fungi, becoming calcium carbonate.

    We actually consume calcium oxalate in many of the green foods we eat, such as broccoli.

    The substance passes through our systems unnoticed in small quantities, but large quantities can lead to several symptoms, the most notorious of which is the formation of kidney stones.

    Because they’re so small, cats exhibit adverse symptoms from consuming even small amounts of calcium oxalate.

    Symptoms Of Calcium Oxalate Ingestion In Cats

    Let’s begin by describing the most alarming symptom: oxalate bladder stones.

    Before the rise of dry cat food as a replacement for fresh meat, oxalate bladder stones were pretty rare.

    However, between the terrible nutritional value of dry cat food and the increased popularity of houseplants, cases of oxalate bladder stones have risen an alarming 30% percent in just the past 40 years.

    Purebreds and older cats have a higher risk of forming stones, although any cat can be at risk, depending on their diet and access to plants containing calcium-oxalate.

    Symptoms of oxalate bladder stones include bloody urine, difficulty urinating, and more frequent urination, which may include doing so outside of the litterbox.

    Of course, many other symptoms are less severe, including the following:

    • A loss of appetite
    • Drooling
    • Oral pain
    • Vomiting

    You may also see your cat pawing at its mouth due to the irritation.

    If you’re lucky and the cat only tasted the plant, you can usually treat the symptoms at home, but if it looks like they had more than a curious nobble, you should consult your vet.

    Treating Accidental Calcium Oxalate Ingestion

    The oxalate crystals are tiny but also very sharp, which is why cats feel pain and may have sore or even swollen gums, tongue, and throat.

    If your cat only had a curious nibble, you can give them a little lactose-free yogurt.

    Try to avoid regular yogurt, as cats are lactose intolerant, and too much will result in a case of runs on top of their other symptoms.

    However, lactose-free yogurt can help soothe the pain by coating their throat, and most cats love this little treat.

    You should still call your vet, especially if it’s an older cat.

    If the cat took more than a small nibble, you should immediately call your vet for further instructions.

    Depending on the cat’s consumption, they may prescribe an over-the-counter medication or ask you to come in for a checkup.

    Safety First

    Some cats just don’t care about your houseplants, but others will nibble out of curiosity or may attempt to consume a plant due to a digestive problem.

    In fact, cats don’t have a digestive tract capable of handling plants, and you’ll often see a cat nibbling on the grass to push a meal through their system if they’re not feeling well.

    However, some greens, such as cat grass and catnip, aren’t harmful to cats and can actually benefit them.

    Consider putting these more attractive greens where the cat has access while putting your peace lilies and other toxic plants somewhere the cat can’t go.

    This is especially true of cats that get too curious, and you may need to create a special spot to keep your peace lily or put it in a room the cat isn’t allowed.

    As always, every cat is different, so the lengths you need to go to keep your peace lily and cat separate can differ.

    Try to use your best judgment when placing the plant and keep an eye out for any signs the cat may have interacted with it.

    Gary Antosh

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  • How to Identify and Treat Sudden Oak Death – FineGardening

    How to Identify and Treat Sudden Oak Death – FineGardening

    While folks on the West Coast probably hear quite a bit about sudden oak death, it is an important plant disease that everyone should have on their radar. Sudden oak death (SOD) is caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora ramorum. As the name implies, oak species (Quercus spp. and Notholithocarpus spp.) seem to be the most seriously impacted plants here in the United States, though more than 100 woody plant species can also host the disease, including Rhododendron species. It is a disease of particular concern because of its exten­sive host range, high rate of lethality, and need for complex management. Once plants are infected, they do not recover. In California, entire mountainsides of oak forests have been killed by SOD, leaving dead, dry, fire-prone trunks behind.

    With approximately 90 species native to the United States, oaks make up an important part of our landscape. According to a report shared by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, there are large at-risk forest areas in the East that are susceptible to sudden oak death, in addition to the at-risk West Coast areas where it is established. Illustration: Christos Georghiou/shutterstock.com.

    Where has sudden oak death become a problem?

    The pathogen that causes SOD has been documented in North America and Europe. According to the SOD website produced by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS), this pathogen is considered established in 16 California counties (Alameda, Contra Costa, Del Norte, Humboldt, Lake, Marin, Mendocino, Monterey, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Solano, Sonoma, and Trinity) and in Curry County, Oregon. In 2005, shortly after the disease was first described, it was detected on nursery stock shipped from California to various other states. The nursery stock was destroyed, and quarantine protocols were established for all detected counties to prevent the movement and spread of SOD.

    sod bleeding sap from tree bark
    The symptoms associated with sudden oak death are easy to spot and include “bleeding” reddish-brown sap on the trunk (above) and shoot or leaf wilting or death at the tips of the plant (below). Photo: Joseph O’Brien, USDA Forest Service, bugwood.org

    In Europe, SOD has been detected in Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Most of the detections have been on plants imported or cultivated from other countries. It remains unclear how or from where the pathogen was initially introduced.

    sod wilting at tips of leaves
    Photo: Joseph O’Brien, USDA Forest Service, bugwood.org

    What are the symptoms?

    SOD can initially present like closely related root-rot or crown-rot diseases with wilting leaves. Symptoms associated with a P. ramorum infection vary by host plant but generally involve vascular damage, a disruption to the normal transport of water, leaf wilting, and eventual death. Secondary pests and pathogens (insects such as boring beetles and opportunistic fungi, in particular) often will colonize a sick plant after it has already been infected with P. ramorum, making identification of the original causal agent more challenging.

    With oaks, symptoms associated with SOD include shoot wilting as well as the appearance of cankers along the trunk that “bleed” reddish-brown sap. Leaves that wilt often remain attached to branches and do not fall to the ground. Sap from cankers often stains the lower bark of the tree and may attract insect pests. The canker “bleeding” is much more noticeable during dry weather, as it is washed away by rain. Any of these symptoms could also be caused by other pathogens, so it is  best to have your plant tested by a plant diagnostic laboratory in your state to confirm the presence of P. ramorum. A positive  result may mean that plants nearby will need to be destroyed to prevent the spread of SOD.

    If I suspect sudden oak death, what should I do?

    First, remind yourself and the folks around you not to move firewood to new locations, particularly out of the counties listed earlier as quarantine zones. Buy local, burn local. In addition to traveling on firewood, this pathogen can hitchhike in infested soil on boots, bike tires, and muddy paws. If you have been in a forest or natural area where P. ramorum is established, clean shoes, pets, and equipment before leaving the area. Rinse well with water, and disinfect with soap or rubbing alcohol, if available. Many parks in positive counties have signs, educational materials, and disinfection stations available at park entrances.

    If you observe the symptoms of canker bleeding on an oak in a positive county, the tree should be removed and destroyed. If you observe those symptoms on an oak in an area outside one of those quarantine areas, please photograph the plant, document its location, and submit a sample to your nearest plant diagnostic lab that is part of the National Plant Protection Laboratory Accreditation Program (NPPLAP). Call the lab first to confirm that it can accept regulated pathogens like P. ramorum or redirect you to the appropriate contact.


    Nicholas Goltz, DPM, is a plant pathologist and extension educator located in the northeastern United States, where he helps growers and homeowners find holistic and comprehensive solutions for plant problems.

    Nicholas Goltz

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  • What Are The Best Ryobi Tools For Your Garden?

    What Are The Best Ryobi Tools For Your Garden?

    Keeping your garden in top shape isn’t always easy when you don’t have the right tools. If you’ve been looking for more ways to get serious about your next gardening project, it could be time to invest in some Ryobi tools. A well-known brand in the gardening industry, Ryobi has an extensive collection of tools that can be put to use in your yard. If you’re not sure where to start, take a look at the list in this blog.

    Source

    Lawnmower

    If you have a lawn in your garden, a lawn mower should be at the top of your list of essential garden tools. Depending on the size of your lawn, you’ll need a different kind of lawn mower to tackle the job. Ryobi has all kinds of mowers, from flexible cordless models to heavier-duty gas-powered mowers. While you could consider renting a lawn mower whenever you need to cut your grass, this can quickly become expensive, especially if you like your garden to look its best at all times. Owning a mower really doesn’t require that much work, but a little bit of regular maintenance will go a long way. Don’t forget to clean your mower and fix it using genuine Ryobi parts should something go wrong.

    Hedge trimmer

    Keeping your hedges tamed has never been easier than it is with the right hedge trimmer. Much like its mower collection, Ryobi’s hedge trimmer range will leave you spoilt for choice. If you’re currently trimming your hedges manually, you might be worried about increased energy costs when using an electric trimmer. There’s no need to worry though, most Ryobi hedge trimmers are very energy efficient and the slight increase in your energy bill is a small price to pay for a whole lot less exertion.

    Chainsaw

    Do you have some large trees that need cutting down? Or do you like to chop firewood in your garden? Either way, a chainsaw might be just the thing that speeds up the whole process. Again, this is a tool that some people may choose to rent, but having your own chainsaw helps you get used to using it. Some rented chainsaws may also not be in the best condition, which can increase your risk of accidents. If you own your chainsaw, you’ll know exactly how it’s been taken care of.

    Leaf blower

    During autumn, ridding your driveway of leaves can be a tiresome task, especially if you live in an area with lots of trees. A leaf blower dramatically cuts down the time it takes to leave your porch looking clean and tidy. Ryobi leaf blowers typically have a slim-line look, making them easy to handle and store.

    Hedge trimmer

    The state of your hedges can make or break your garden. If your hedges are wild and overgrown, they probably won’t be giving your outdoor space the shape you’d hoped. A Ryobi hedge trimmer makes it easy to not only create your dream hedge shape but also help you keep your hedges healthy. While it’s possible to trim your hedges manually, this can take a lot of time and effort on your part. If you often put off giving your hedges the trim they deserve, invest in a hedge trimmer and make your life that little bit easier.

    Pressure washer

    While trimming hedges can be hard work, it’s nothing compared to scrubbing your patio clean by hand. If you’re tired of taking out a soapy bucket of water and sponge when your outdoor space is starting to look a little grimy, a Ryobi pressure washer could be just what you’re looking for. Not only will it wash away mud and dirt at record speed, but it will also reduce your need for cleaning chemicals. You can also use your pressure washer to keep your car or bike sparkling clean, saving you from paying a professional to do the job for you.

    Seed sprayer

    Are you planning to do a spot of planting? If you have a large open space you’d like to fill with grass, then a Ryobi seed sprayer could really speed up the job. You can also use a seed sprayer for spreading fertilizer to your plants or even rock salt to keep away the weeds, making it a multi-use tool. If your plot of land is particularly large, don’t worry, as Ryobi sells cordless seed spreaders that can last for three hours on just one charge, eliminating your need for a mains socket.

    The types of tools your garden needs won’t be the same as the ones your neighbor invests in, so think about which products will serve you the best. If you’re stuck between two models, you can always speak to a professional who can give you some tips before you make a purchase. 

     

    Ann Sanders

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  • When to Fertilize Azaleas and How to Do it Right

    When to Fertilize Azaleas and How to Do it Right





















    When to Fertilize Azaleas and How to Do it Right




    Jessica Walliser

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  • Pergolas For Your Outdoor Space – Farmside Landscape & Design

    Pergolas For Your Outdoor Space – Farmside Landscape & Design

    Gabled roofs permit better air flow, and offer design interest such as roof pitches that mimic or complement your home’s structure, or false and dutch gables for added charm.

    Bonus Info: So what’s the difference between a pergola and a gazebo? Gazebos are 8-sided structures with a solid roof, typically found in traditional French or English style gardens.

    What to Consider – A well-planned pergola will take into account factors such as sun and wind orientation, functional purpose, existing plantings such as trees, and possible obstructions or hazards.

    Which Material to Choose – Pergolas are typically constructed from either wood or metal such as steel or aluminum. Wood provides a beautiful, warm, traditional look, while metals offer a sleek, modern vibe. Aluminum is best used on pergolas attached directly to the home rather than as stand-alone structures.

    Make the most out of your outdoor space. Call us at Farmside and let us help you extend your outdoor living season!

    Farmside

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  • The Best Ways To Improve Your Home’s Exterior

    The Best Ways To Improve Your Home’s Exterior

    Take pride in all aspects of your home, including the exterior. Boost curb appeal with wonderful improvements. Discover the best ways to improve your home’s exterior and make the right upgrades!

    Install a Metal Roof

    Metal roofs have a stylistic appeal that other roofs don’t have, plus they have improved structure. When you want to improve the security of your home, go with superior shingles for the roof. There are many benefits of Oxford metal shingles that you should consider, such as their long lifespans. This high-quality material maintains its appearance, keeping your exterior gorgeous for years to come.

    Paint the House

    Add a fresh coat of paint to your house along with a new roof. If you’re looking for something new, try a unique color. For instance, ivory, aqua, and ruby red are distinct shades that enhance homes.

    If you want to achieve the best results, hire professional painters. Don’t forget to add bold accent colors to the home’s trimmings. Bright white or chocolate-brown trimming looks amazing on homes!

    Upgrade Porch Decor

    Porch decor sets the tone for the rest of the home. Showcase your aesthetic with upgraded additions like porch swings, new tables, wicker chairs, and seasonal wreaths. Create an inviting space with these furniture features and enjoy the area year-round.

    Add Vibrant Greenery

    Adding vibrant greenery is another way to improve your home’s exterior. Landscaping transforms homes and makes properties attractive, so instead of having a dull yard, spruce it up with vibrant plants, flowers, and shrubs.

    The pop of color refreshes your home with its eye-catching appearance. If you have a green thumb, maintaining plants is also an enjoyable hobby.

    Update Exterior Lighting

    Add pizzazz to your entrance with modern light fixtures. Depending on your aesthetic, you should integrate warm or bright lights on the porch and yard. For long-lasting illumination, select LED bulbs. LEDs last up to 50,000 hours in outdoor settings.

    Whether you host outdoor parties or enjoy sitting in the yard, new lighting will improve your experience.

    Consider Yard Decor

    Backyard and front yard decor are pleasant additions to homes. Transform both areas with sculptures, water fountains, bird baths, or lawn decorations. Simple features like these brighten the yard and make grassy areas stand out.

  • How To Make Aloe Vera Gel Straight From The Plant

    How To Make Aloe Vera Gel Straight From The Plant

    Making aloe vera gel at home is surprisingly easy, and you don’t need any special tools or equipment. In this post, I’ll show you exactly how to do it step by step.

    How To Make Aloe Vera Gel At Home
    Pinterest

    It might sound like making your own aloe vera gel from the leaves of your plant would be a lengthy and complicated process, but it’s actually quick and simple to do.

    With just a few common kitchen items and about 30 minutes of your time, you can make your own aloe vera gel from scratch.

    Below I’ll show you everything you need to know, and give you detailed step by step instructions for how to do it.

    Making Aloe Vera Gel At Home

    Yes you can easily make your own aloe vera gel from your plant at home, and it is very quick to do. But it’s important that you do it properly to have the best results.

    Don’t worry, I’ll tell you where to find the gel, walk you through how to extract it, and give you processing and storing tips too.

    Where To Find The Gel

    As you may already know, aloe vera gel is located inside the leaves of the plant.

    The larger and plumper they are, the more gel they will have inside of them. If you don’t know how to harvest aloe vera leaves, learn the exact steps here.

    But to safely process the gel, you must first properly extract it from the leaves.

    Related Post: How To Grow & Care For Aloe Vera Plants

    Aloe vera gel flesh removed from a leaf
    Aloe vera gel flesh removed from a leaf

    How To Extract Aloe Vera Gel From A Leaf

    You can extract aloe vera gel from a leaf by squeezing it out (if smaller), by cutting the skin off, or by removing the flat outer layer and then spooning out the flesh.

    But before we jump into the details of how to extract the gel, it is important to first get rid of as much of the yellow liquid, called aloin, as possible because it is a skin irritant.

    To do that, simply place your leaf into a glass or vase with the cut side facing down for 15 minutes so all of the liquid can drain out. Then simply rinse it away.

    After you have drained and rinsed your leaf, you’re ready to extract the gel. Place the leaf flat-side down on a cutting board, and slice off the outer skin using a sharp knife.

    Flip it over and do the same thing on the other side, or use a spoon to scrape out the flesh.

    Related Post: Rooting Aloe Vera Cuttings Step By Step

    Scooping aloe vera gel out of a leaf
    Scooping aloe vera gel out of a leaf

    Tools & Equipment Needed

    You only need a few things from your kitchen to make homemade aloe vera gel. Gather these items ahead of time to speed up the process.

    Supplies needed for making aloe vera gel
    Supplies needed for making aloe vera gel

    Tips For Making Aloe Vera Gel

    Below are some tips that will help ensure you’ll get the best results from making your own aloe vera gel.

    • As I mentioned above, it’s very important to drain the yellow liquid (aloin) from the leaf before you extract the gel. So do not skip this step or the aloin (which is a skin irritant) will contaminate your gel.
    • While you can make the gel without using a blender, it will be lumpy. The only way to create a smooth DIY aloe vera gel without lumps is to blend it. But if you don’t have a blender, you could certainly use a mini food processor instead.

    Related Post: How To Propagate Aloe Vera By Division

    My fresh homemade aloe vera gel
    My fresh homemade aloe vera gel

    How Long Does Homemade Aloe Vera Gel Last?

    Homemade aloe vera gel lasts for 1-2 weeks in a sealed container in the refrigerator, or up to 8 months in the freezer.

    You can cube the flesh or pour the blended gel into ice cube trays, then place it into a zipper baggie and freeze it.

    FAQs

    Below I’ll answer some of the most common questions about making aloe vera gel. If you can’t find yours here, ask it in the comments below.

    Can you use aloe vera gel straight from the plant?

    While you can use aloe vera gel straight from your plant, you should drain the yellow aloin liquid first because it’s a skin irritant. Once that’s gone, you can squeeze the gel straight from the leaf for immediate use.

    What is the easiest way to extract aloe vera gel?

    The easiest way to extract aloe vera gel is to cut off the outer skin on one side of the leaf, and then use a spoon to scoop out the flesh. Alternatively, you could cut off all of the skin to help ensure the gel will stay in larger pieces.

    Does aloe vera gel expire?

    Yes, homemade aloe vera gel expires in only a few short weeks unless you add something to preserve it, or you can freeze it for longer term use.

    Making your own aloe vera gel from the leaves of your plant is quick and straightforward. Now you’ll be able to have some on hand whenever you need it.

    If you want to learn all there is to know about growing up rather than out, my book Vertical Vegetables is exactly what you need. Plus you’ll get 23 projects that you can build in your own garden. Order your copy today!

    Learn more about my Vertical Vegetables book here.

    More About Food Preservation

    Share your tips for how to make aloe vera gel in the comments below.

    Pinterest
    How To Make Aloe Vera Gel Step By Step Guide

    Step By Step Instructions

    Yield: ½ cup aloe vera gel

    How To Make Aloe Vera Gel

    How To Make Aloe Vera Gel At Home

    Making aloe vera gel is quick and easy, so you’ll always have some on hand whenever you need it. Whip up a batch in only 30 minutes to use right away, or save it for later.

    Prep Time
    5 minutes

    Cook Time
    10 minutes

    Additional Time
    15 minutes

    Total Time
    30 minutes

    Ingredients

    • 3-4 small aloe vera leaves

    Instructions

    1. Remove the leaves – Use a sterile and sharp knife to remove mature leaves at the base of your plant. The leaves you remove will not regrow, so cut them as close to the center of the plant as you can. Cutting an aloe vera leaf to make gel
    2. Drain the aloin – Place the leaves into a glass or vase with the cut sides facing down to allow the yellow aloin liquid to drain out. Let them drain for at least 15 minutes, otherwise it could contaminate your gel. Draining the yellow aloin liquid
    3. Rinse and pat dry – Remove the leaves from the vase, and then rinse off any remaining aloin. Gently pat them dry with paper towels. I recommend you wear disposable gloves to prevent the aloin from irritating your skin. Patting the aloe vera leaves dry
    4. Remove the outer skin – Place the flat side of the leaf facing down on your cutting board, and use your knife to slice off the skin. Do the same with the other side. Optionally, you can use a spoon to scrape out the inner flesh if you find it’s too difficult to cut off all of the skin. Cutting the skin off the aloe vera flesh
    5. Rinse the flesh – Once the skin is completely removed from the inner flesh, give the gel a quick rinse to get rid of any remaining aloin. Rinsing remaining aloin from the aloe vera gel
    6. Process the gel – Cut the flesh into pieces, then place it in your blender. Use the lowest setting to blend it for 2-3 seconds, or until all of the chunks are gone and the gel is smooth. Blending the aloe vera flesh chunks into gel
    7. Store it – Fill your jars with the gel, and place them into the fridge. For longer term storage, you can freeze it. Jars filled with DIY aloe vera gel

    Notes

    • The yellow aloin can cause an allergic reaction, so wear disposable gloves while processing your leaves.
    • Homemade aloe vera gel can get foamy when you blend it, which is normal and will go away as it rests. You can either remove the foam by scooping it away with a spoon, or just allow it to settle for about 10-15 minutes after blending.

    Amy Andrychowicz

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  • How to Manage Invasive Snake Plants Outdoors | Gardener’s Path

    How to Manage Invasive Snake Plants Outdoors | Gardener’s Path

    Snake plants are tough: they propagate easily, don’t need much water, and tolerate full sun and deep shade alike.

    However, these awesome traits present a double-edged sword. It’s easy for species such as Dracaena trifasciata to spread in ideal conditions outdoors… too easy.

    We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission.

    A snake plant doesn’t know or care where its designated space in your garden begins or ends – if it has the room and resources to expand, it will do so if planted in the ground in a suitable climate.

    And while this spreading habit helps it to survive, it can throw a wrench into your landscape design plan.

    Having an invasive species growing in your garden doesn’t do your other specimens any favors, either. Not to mention the potential effects it can have on the ecosystem at large.

    This guide will help you manage any unwanted specimens in your landscape.

    Necessary background info, control protocols, clear reasons to keep these guys under control – it’s all covered here.

    Check out what’s to come:

    What Are Snake Plants?

    Formerly honoring the Italian polymath and seventh Prince of San Severo, Raimondo di Sangro, all Sansevieria species were recently reclassified as members of the Dracaena genus alongside existing Dracaena species, such as D. draco and D. reflexa.

    A horizontal image of the yellow and green variegated foliage of Dracaena (formerly Sansevieria) snake plants growing in the garden.

    Though all species formerly classified as Sansevieria are known commonly as snake plants, all species of Dracaena are not.

    And some of these are more likely to become invasive in home gardens than others.

    Native to the tropics of western Africa and hardy to USDA Zones 9 to 12, these clumping evergreen perennials tolerate a wide range of growing conditions.

    The keen adaptability of these species makes them fantastic additions to the garden when intentionally cultivated – or a real nuisance in ideal climates when they’re unwanted.

    But given a choice, I’m sure snake plants would gladly take the hot, humid, and cramped conditions of the jungles that they call home.

    Perhaps that’s why they grow aggressively in similarly warm, moist, and tightly-packed environments such as what you might find in certain parts of Florida and Australia… but I’m getting ahead of myself.

    A close up horizontal image of a small DDracaena trifasciata plant growing in a rock garden outdoors.

    Snake plant species vary in size – D. stuckyi, for example, reaches up to 10 feet tall, while D. trifasciata ‘Hahnii’ usually doesn’t grow more than six inches tall.

    In general, they flaunt evergreen succulent leaves that vary in shape, waviness, arrangement, and hue, although they usually don’t stray too far from a green color palette.

    On occasion, snake plants produce wispy, aromatic flowers that are borne on upright racemes – especially in fertile, sunny, and root-bound conditions.

    Though spread via sexual reproduction is typically rare, as these plants don’t often produce colorful seed-filled berries after the flowers are fertilized, rhizomatous spread is much more common.

    The latter, asexual reproduction via clones that sprout from underground, is typically the target of gardeners who wish to eradicate invasive mother in law’s tongue from their gardens.

    A close up horizontal image of the variegated foliage of Dracaena trifasciata growing outdoors, where it has the potential to become invasive.

    They also utilize crassulacean acid metabolism, a process whereby plants conserve water by only opening their stomata for gas exchange at night, another advantage that makes survival and spread all the more feasible in backyard gardens and beyond.

    An awesome bunch of flora, am I right? Minus their potential for invasiveness when planted in the ground or allowed to go to seed, snake plants are pretty much perfect.

    But what’s a gardener to do when they begin to overstep their bounds? Let’s take a look.

    Just How Invasive Are They?

    Mother-in-law’s tongue has the potential to grow invasively from USDA Hardiness Zones 9 to 12 in the US and in regions with comparable climates that they aren’t native to elsewhere.

    Two places in particular that are known to suffer from unwelcome takeover are Australia and Florida, and ecologists there classify its invasiveness in different ways.

    A close up horizontal image of Dracaena trifasciata foliage.

    In the Land Down Under, D. trifasciata qualifies as an “environmental weed” in the Northern Territory, New South Wales, and Queensland, while the rest of Oz labels it a “sleeper weed.”

    Both are alien to Australia, but environmental weeds are widespread and displace native species, while sleeper weeds do not yet pose a threat to local ecosystems.

    In Florida, snake plants were introduced in 1800 for use in landscaping and hemp production, and later deemed a “nuisance” starting in 1951, thanks to their tendency to exclude desirable native vegetation. D. trifasciata and D. hyacinthoides are primarily problems in the lower half of the state. 

    Sanibel Island, off the western coast of Florida, also suffers from snake plant invasiveness.

    Two-thirds of the island is protected conservation land, and effective management is mandated by local codes prohibiting the planting or transplanting of D. hyacinthoides and seven other species of invasive plants.

    According to the Florida Invasive Species Council, D. hyacinthoides is classified as a Category II invasive, which means it has significantly increased in number from its pre-Category II state, but has not yet altered the ecological functions of, displaced, or hybridized with native species to the extent of Category I invasives.

    For a more collegiate assessment, the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences determined via their Assessment of Non-Native Plants in Florida’s Natural Areas that D. trifasciata has a “High Invasion Risk,” and its use is not recommended in north, central, or south Floridian landscapes.

    Why Bother with Control?

    Well, for starters, I’m willing to bet that all of you gardeners reading this would rather not disrupt the local ecosystem knowingly.

    A horizontal image of of a large stand of Dracaena trifasciata growing outdoors.

    But even if there’s no chance of your snake plants spreading beyond your landscape into the surrounding environment, an unchecked spread within your own garden can result in a dense ground cover that will prevent the growth of other, more desirable plantings.

    As a general rule, any specimen that you don’t wish to cultivate will hog space, water, and nutrients, keeping these resources from the ones that you do want to grow.

    And while mother-in-law’s tongue isn’t all that thirsty, its large leaves will definitely block sunlight from reaching your smaller annuals and perennials.

    Even in shaded environments where sunlight-hogging isn’t as much of an issue, a snake plant’s root system will still take up nutrients and real estate that could be going to your other garden specimens.

    Speaking of root systems and soil spacing, root bindage in mother-in-law’s tongue actually spurs flowering, which potentially leads to even further spread via seeds.

    Tips for Managing Invasive Snake Plants

    Along with being worth a pound of cure, prevention will save you the hassle of later removal.

    First and foremost, check your local laws and environmental regulations. If they say that you can’t grow these guys in your landscape, then don’t.

    A close up horizontal image of snake plants growing outdoors in the garden where they have the potential to become invasive.

    If you have the okay to grow them, then make sure to contain them within an enclosed area so that they can’t spread via their rhizomes.

    Pots, planters, raised beds, or plots surrounded by walls, concrete, and/or walkways all count as enclosed planting spaces, so you have a ton of options!

    Our guide to growing snake plants indoors covers the ins and outs of container cultivation.

    But if you have any out-of-bounds specimens – or their designated zone is overcrowded with them – you’ll have to remove them to check their spread.

    As the fictional snake venom expert Dr. Steven Price once said, “Make it fast. Time is tissue.” Venomous bites aren’t going to be a concern here, but unless you get to work quickly, those snakes are just going to keep on growing.

    Due to the waxy coating of their leaves, chemical controls aren’t guaranteed.

    But squelch your inner pyromaniac and skip the blowtorch. Your best bet is to physically remove snake plants from the ground via digging.

    A close up horizontal image of the gloved hands of a gardener digging up and dividing Dracaena trifasciata.

    Dig down about two feet deep, and about a foot away from each snake plant, going around the perimeter.

    Any severed rhizome fragments left in the soil can easily resprout to form a new mother-in-law’s tongue, so try to avoid damaging the root system as you dig. This may require switching out your bulky shovel for a small hand trowel as you get close to the root system.

    Once the intended specimens have been lifted, check for and remove any rhizomes that may be stealthily lying in the soil.

    Living vegetation can take root in organic refuse, so dispose of any removed specimens in the garbage if you don’t want them growing from your compost pile, or spreading into wild lands beyond cultivation in your own backyard.

    If you don’t want any seeds to be spread by animals, deadhead flower stems before they give way to seed-bearing berries.

    Tools used for any of the above procedures should be sterilized beforehand – you don’t want to spread disease!

    After you remove the snake plants, you’ll end up with gaping holes in your garden where they used to be. You can either fill them with soil, or put new plantings in their place.

    For the latter, I’d recommend warm tropical specimens native to your local area.

    Elephant ears, birds of paradise, or canna lilies may be suitable. Solid companions for the snake plants you didn’t remove include colorful choices such as petunias, marigolds, and coleus.

    Unwanted specimens that have self-propagated around your garden can also be divided and potted up. See our snake plant propagation guide for tips.

    If you give any cuttings or divisions away to friends, be sure to warn them of the invasive tendencies for in-ground planting, and pass along the tips that you’ve acquired here!

    An Occasionally Abrasive Invasive

    Even the best of friends can get on your nerves at times. If you consider snake plants near and dear to your heart, don’t be surprised if they bug you on occasion with their aggressive expansion.

    A horizontal image of a stand of Dracaena snake plants growing next to a sidewalk on a building site.

    As Samuel L. Jackson’s Neville Flynn might put it: enough is enough! Have you had it with these *expletive* snake plants in your *expletive* garden? Then this guide is certain to come in handy.

    Whether you decide to put a barrier between yourself and the snakes, trim any flower stalks prior to fruit production, or pull out your trusty garden weapons and get to digging – shovels are much preferred to sporks here, so there’s a bonus tip for you – the job ahead isn’t overly onerous, and you can get back to enjoying your landscape in no time.

    Questions or remarks can go into the comments section below! We’d be delighted to read and respond.

    Do you want to learn more about snake plants? We’ve got the fix for you right here:

    Joe Butler

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  • The Original Kitchen Garden Was Too Much Trouble | The Survival Gardener

    The Original Kitchen Garden Was Too Much Trouble | The Survival Gardener

    We were planting a kitchen garden, piece by piece, and using broken pieces of cement and bricks to make paths.

    And then I realized how little fun it was to make paths like that – and how much more needed to be done in order to finish the space.

    I also built a few wooden-sided raised beds, which I decided I hated.

    So we reassessed, and tore out the pathways and the raised beds and replaced them with mounded beds and mulch.

    You can see what we did in our latest video:

    Having a kitchen/medicinal/culinary garden right off the back patio will be great for Rachel as she makes meals.

    Share this post!

    David The Good

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  • Say Goodbye to Struggling with Boxes with The Right Tool In Hand

    Say Goodbye to Struggling with Boxes with The Right Tool In Hand

    What are the right tools that help people open cardboard boxes

    Box openers and utility knives are starting to become one of the favorite hardware tools for people that struggle with opening boxes. These tools are compact and user-friendly tools, equipped with numerous enhanced features that make the cutting experience for users easier and, most importantly, safer.

    Owning a box opener tool is considered a necessity nowadays, as it allows people to open packages quickly without having to worry about security issues – like accidentally cutting themselves because of the sharp blade. In other words, new types of box openers provide people with sharp blades and, at the same time, finger-friendly blades that do not cause any harm to the skin. 

    Many other benefits come with owning a box opener; for instance, box openers can cut through any material and surface without regard to its thickness and harshness – making them the right tool for different projects. To illustrate, with a Slice box opener tool, people have the ability to cut through cardboard boxes easily when a new online delivery arrives. On the other hand, they have the opportunity to use the tool for DIY projects, such as removing carpets, electrical work, and handmade crafts. 

    Thus, it is essential to use the right tools whenever you need to cut something to reduce the risks of getting harmed and causing accidents.

    How can the right cutting tools reduce wrap rage?

    When using the right tools during a cutting process, people will be ensured that they are not putting themselves and those around them at arm’s length. However, when people do not use the right cutting tools, they increase their chances of getting harmed because of wrap rage since they will not be able to fully concentrate on the task at hand. 

    Nevertheless, owning a box opener will give people several advantages making it one of the right cutting tools to reduce wrap rage. Box openers have become one of the first things that come to people’s minds to make the process of opening an online package easy. This is because of their exterior design, which allows more control over the tool, the capacity to cut through different materials at varied depths, and safe usage due to the enhanced features.

    What is wrap rage

    Have you ever received an online delivery package for something you had been waiting for? However, due to the materials used to package it, you could not easily open it when you received it. This situation heightens your dissatisfaction, which eventually leads to anger. If this sounds similar, you have most likely experienced wrap rage.

    Different types of box openers and their unique features

    Different types of box openers are available in the market, and here are two of the most common types: 

    A manual box opener is a tool that is commonly used in homes. There aren’t many distinctions between a manual and a regular one. The most significant improvement, however, is related to the safety features. The manual utility knife ensures users are as secure as possible throughout the cutting procedure. 

    The switchblade, on the other hand, is a popular box opener. Users will have invested in a long-lasting product by purchasing a switchblade box opener because of its unusual attribute of allowing users to change the blade of the knife anytime it loses its sharpness and becomes worthless.

    So, when purchasing a box opener, ensure you are aware of its type and unique feature to make sure you are using the tool correctly. 

    How to use a box opener correctly to reduce accidents during a cutting process

    It is important to familiarize yourself with the correct way of using a box opener; here are the two ways to avoid making the most common mistakes that people make when using a box opener:

    1. Always use the box opener at an angle away from your body

    One of the most crucial suggestions is to always hold the sharp blade of the box cutter at an angle away from your body.

    Holding the sharp blade at an angle away from your body assures that if the instrument slips from your grasp, the blade will not cut through your skin due to how you held it.

    2. Make use of the safety features during the cutting process

    Some people think the lock feature is only used after they use the box opener. However, this is far from the truth. People can use the lock feature to lock the blade in its place, and when the lock feature is turned on, users will have more grip over the tool, making it easier for them to control the box opener and avoid accidents. 

    Conclusion 

    In a nutshell, box openers are becoming more and more demanded nowadays, and this is causing an increase in the types of box openers available in the market. With a box opener, people will be able to enjoy numerous enhanced features and a smooth cutting process. 

    On the other hand, box openers allow people to cut through many different materials, making them useful tools for different projects. 

     

    Ann Sanders

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  • Curb Appeal Ideas: Modern Ways to Improve Your Home Exterior with Colours

    Curb Appeal Ideas: Modern Ways to Improve Your Home Exterior with Colours

    The key to having an outdoor space that you can enjoy all year long is making it beautiful and functional. One way to achieve this is by painting your home exterior. It is a way of creating a positive impression for your visitors and guests.

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    Importance of painting for home exterior

    The big fact is that painting has functional and visually attractive benefits to any property. You will notice the difference once away as soon as you add a lick of paint to your home’s exterior.

    If you are not yet convinced of the benefits of painting for your home, begin by reading the importance of painting your home exterior below. 

    Superior beauty

    This is self-explanatory. Whether you do not like the colour of your house from the start of your home has had the same paint colour for years, a fresh coat of paint can dramatically improve your home’s appearance. Never underestimate the visual appeal that home exterior painting offers. Even adding a simple colour can enliven your home and give it a newer look. 

    Boost property value

    When a property appraiser is examining your house value, a recent change in paint colour can tremendously impact the market value of your property. It is said that exterior painting has a return on investment of 55%.

    Enhanced kerb appeal

    If your aim is to resell your property, then your priority will be to improve its aesthetic value. One way to do this is to paint your home exterior. Curb appeal revolves around creating a positive impression for your home buyer the moment he walks through your home’s gate for the first time. It is about gaining a foothold in the house sale process. If your prospective buyers are impressed with the beauty of your home’s exterior, they may wish to see its interior and close the sale of the property.

    Safeguard your home against the elements

    Mother nature can be very unfriendly to your property. Adverse natural conditions like pest infestation, snow, sleet, wind and rain can pose a significant threat to your home. But with the right paint, you can protect your home from these elements to an extent. Paints can add an extra layer of protection to your home’s exterior, protect against moisture, dampness, mildew and mould damage and save you thousands of pounds in repairs and renovations. It can even deter pests from feeding on your exterior. 

    Fixes damage

    A fresh link to the paint can be used to highlight significant issues with your property’s exterior that are mostly overlooked. This myriad of flaws includes water stains, decaying wood, dampness, mould and mildew and so on. These problems can be uncovered while coating your home’s exterior.

    It is trendy

    High-quality paint can boost the appearance of your home exterior without breaking the bank. It can improve the beauty of your home. If you wish to add value to the look of your home, try adding a new coat of paint to it.

    Prevents peeling and staining

    A coat of paint on your home exterior can help it withstand tough conditions. This is why it should be done properly. Painting is a good way of resisting stains. Lots of high-quality exterior paints are impervious to flaking and chipping. 

    Gives your home a distinctive look

    To create a positive impression of your property, painting your home exterior is important. Your outdoor area should look attractive every time. To add to the distinctiveness of your home, get a quality coat of paint. 

    Prevents moisture

    In addition to boosting your home’s curb appeal, painting areas in your outdoor space can assist in averting moisture damage, wood decay and other defects caused by fluctuations in weather conditions. Coating your home exterior with paint is a great way to prevent moisture, even during wintertime. It safeguards and protects your home against water leaks.

    Better indoor air quality

    Newer paints enhance your home’s air quality as they emit fewer off-gases in comparison to older paints. 

    Tips to help improve your home’s exterior with colour

    Here are some tips to help improve your home’s exterior with colour:

    Paint your home exterior

    This is among the most budget-friendly strategies to improve the appearance of your property. Ensure you factor in your home’s architectural layout, exterior material and the colour of neighbouring homes when selecting a colour scheme for your exterior. 

    Colourful siding

    Vinyl sidings are known to resist weather elements. They are available in multiple colours to fit your home exterior.

    Coordination

    Ensure your outdoor lights, door knockers, mailboxes, and even house numbers have a matching colour scheme for a more coherent appearance.  

    Staining

    Install decking board products in different colours other thanks the normal dark colour or paint your driveway, pathway or patio. This will add style and elegance to your home exterior. 

    Entry point

    Your front door is a great area to add colours. Besides painting, glass inserts and doorlites can be used to add beauty to your door.

    Statement Windows

    Statement windows are known for their distinctiveness, well-considered design and aesthetic appeal. Consider adding cladding to accentuate your home and safeguard your window’s exterior. It is available in multiple colour varieties if you need to fit or contrast them with your vinyl siding. 

    Shutters

    Ornamental shutters can complement or match the colour of your home exterior, giving a vintage appeal to homes with colonial or classical designs. Ensure you go for durable and easy-upkeep materials resistant to decay or crack, like composite, PVC and fibreglass.

    Stones

    Real stones can boost the curb appeal of any kind of property. You can opt for a stone veneer, a budget-friendly option to improve your home exterior.

    Roof Colour

    A change in roof colour is a highly significant home improvement. To add a sense of cohesiveness, opt for a roof colour that matches your siding. 

    Conclusion

    In this article, we explored some of the benefits of adding colour to your home exterior through painting and techniques you can use to improve the beauty of your outdoor areas. 

     

    Ann Sanders

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  • 9 Practices To Improve Your Water Quality At Home

    9 Practices To Improve Your Water Quality At Home

     

    As the saying goes, ‘water is life.’ You use water for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and bathing. In short, almost everything that goes on in your home requires water. With that in mind, it’s clear that water quality plays a huge role in your well-being and that of your home; hence it’s vital to ensure it’s always safe.

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    Now, what do you do to improve your water quality? Do you even think about it? If you do nothing, nor do you think about your water quality, you might be headed in the wrong direction.

    Many people only consider water quality after noticing visible signs indicating the water might be contaminated. However, this shouldn’t be the case since the water can be clear yet still be contaminated.

    If you’re concerned about your water quality and want to improve it, here are nine practices to implement to achieve these results:

    • Install Water Monitoring Systems

    The water industry has experienced the innovation of water meters that are reliable for water monitoring. Smart meters, such as bluebot, provide precise, real-time information about the amount of water used in a particular period. They also play a significant role in making the water safe. When used in conjunction with the internet of things (IoT) technology, smart meters can detect pH levels and impurities in water and provide the necessary information.

    • Invest In Water Filtration Systems

    Water filtration systems are among the approved ways to improve water quality. These filters remove unwanted particles from the water, making it safe. However, for a water filtration system to work efficiently, you should care for it and ensure it’s always clean. When choosing a water filtration system, consider the amount of water to be filtered, general water quality, size, and budget. Common water filtration systems include:

    • Point-Of-Entry Filters: Does the water entering your home have discoloration, nasty taste, or odor? If yes, then you should install point-of-entry filters. You can easily get movable water filters on the market; hence you shouldn’t risk your well-being by using contaminated water.

    Luckily, you don’t need professional plumbers to install point-of-entry filters. With basic knowledge, you can successfully install these filters. In most cases, point-of-entry filters are installed in the kitchen.

    • Entire-House Filters: Besides the point-of-entry filters, you can also use the whole-house filter. This filter comes with s pre-filter and a primary filter installed on the main water supply. The best thing about the entire home water filter is that it cleanses the water entering your home, ensuring your washing, bathing, and cleaning water is always safe. If this sounds like the best deal, hire a professional plumber for proper installation.

    Water filtration systems are effective, reliable, and affordable. If you’re looking forward to purifying every drop of water you use, a water filtration system might be your ideal solution.

    1. Flush The Tap Before Using The Water

    Wherever you shut off the tap, the water inside the pipes stays put. This increases the chances of contamination. To ensure you don’t drink or cook with contaminated water, ensure to run the faucets for about a minute. While it might sound like water misuse, you can collect the water for gardening.

    1. Use The Reverse Osmosis System

    Reverse osmosis is among the most trusted methods for water purification. These systems involve the passing of water through several semipermeable membranes. Each membrane removes pollutants from the water, making the water safe for domestic use and consumption. Reverse osmosis systems should be installed by professionals for efficiency. Also, a homeowner should replace the filters from time to time since the more the pollutants accumulate, the less effective the filters become.

    1. Replace Deteriorated Plumbing

    Improving your water quality doesn’t only involve investing in filters. You can also take care of your plumbing for a similar purpose. Deteriorated plumbing can contaminate your water, especially when a lead leaks. It’s, therefore, vital to replace galvanized copper plumbing and swap it with non-lead pipes. After installing new plumbing, flush it with cold water for three days to eliminate any contaminants in the pipes.

    1. Drain The Water Heater At Least Once A Year

    How often do you drain your water heater? If you can recall the last time you did, it might be time to do so. With time, a water heater collects grime, bacteria, and metals. If you fail to drain the heater, these contaminants combine with water, interfering with its quality. With that in mind, it’s vital to drain the heater at least once a year to ensure your water is always safe.

    1. Keep Your Containers Clean

    While you might practice several measures to improve water quality, it can be contaminated at the last minute. It’s, therefore, vital to ensure the water remains safe at every step. For example, if you use water filters to purify the water, ensure your water-holding containers are clean and safe. Dirty water jars and containers can interfere with water quality and increase the chances of contracting water-borne diseases. Therefore, wash your jars and containers with soap and warm water before filling them.

    1. Invest In A Distiller

    Distillers are ideal for removing impurities from the water. These systems also remove minerals and oxygen from the water. Water distillers are easy to install, and you might not need the help of a professional plumber. These systems heat the water and then condense it before storing it in a separate location as pure water.

    1. Keep Faucet Aerators Clean

    Faucet aerators are tiny, round pieces at the bottom of the faucet. With time, these pieces can collect harmful metals and introduce them to the water. To prevent this, ensure the aerators are always clean. Remove the aerators from the faucet, and soak them in a glass with white vinegar for at least five minutes. Then scrub them to remove the accumulated metals and other contaminants, and rinse them with clean running water.

    Conclusion

    Whether you use municipal or borehole water, practicing ways to improve its quality and make it safe is vital. Water can harbor harmful metals, viruses, and bacteria that pose a health hazard. To avoid facing the consequences of unsafe water, consider the above-explained practices to ensure your water is clean and safe.

     

    Ann Sanders

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  • Gardening 101: Ruby Grass – Gardenista

    Gardening 101: Ruby Grass – Gardenista

    Ruby grass, Melinus nerviglumis

    Recently I’ve been very interested in plants from South Africa. I’m not exactly sure why, but perhaps it has to do with the fact that South Africa and Marin County (were I live in California) share a similar climate (winter rainfall and summer drought), which means that plants from there can more easily assimilate into gardens here. Plus, plants from South Africa gift the gardener with unique and bold foliage and flowers, most notably Proteas, Leucadendrons, Kniphofias, Arctosis, Gazanias and countless Aloes. So, when I learned that Ruby grass hails from South Africa, I was like, of course it does. But don’t be discouraged if you live outside of my zone, you can still grow this glorious grass.

    Please keep reading to learn more about this perfectly pink plant:

    Above: A 4-inch pot of Melinus nerviglumis is $11.95 at Annie’s Annuals & Perennials.

    A top thing to know about Ruby grass is that it is tender, meaning it is usually treated as an annual because it is hardy only in USDA Zones 8-11. But don’t be discouraged, because this grass grows so fast that you will quickly be rewarded before your first frosty day hits. And what kind of reward are we talking about? Come summer and continuing well into fall, ruby pink, fluffy flower head plumes that gently wave in the breeze emerge on slender stems. When not flowering, the plant has lush blue-green foliage that turns an exciting reddish-purple in the fall. This is definitely a smallish mounding grass that clumps to under two feet tall and then sends out those pinkalicious inflorescences on one-foot tall stems.

    The easy-to-grow grass stays neat and compact, which makes it ideal for the tidy gardener or for the gardener who doesn’t have time to fuss over plants. Because it’s quick, look for one gallon sizes, or even try to grow some from seed. To do this, plant some seeds outdoors at the beginning of spring by lightly covering the seeds after sowing. Space seeds about 2 feet apart. If starting indoors, sow seeds about six to eight weeks before your last frost date. Expect your seeds to germinate in roughly three weeks. As with some grasses, they are wind pollinated, so you can collect the seeds once the plumes age and turn brown. On the other hand, if you want to save some of this tender grass for next year because you live in a cold region, you can dig up some clumps in the fall and pot them up to overwinter and then replant in the spring.

    Cheat Sheet

    Photograph by Ronnie Pitman via Flickr.
    Above: Photograph by Ronnie Pitman via Flickr.

    • The soft pinky inflorescence makes for an attractive addition to a flower arrangement.
    • The graceful stems blow sweetly in the breeze and work well mixed into coastal gardens.
    • Looks at home in cottage gardens, meadows, or nestled into large containers with annuals and perennials.
    • For a pink punch, plant the grass in wide swathes or tuck a few neatly next to small boulders.
    • Good companion plants: Echinacea, yarrow, lavender and other ornamental grasses.

    Keep It Alive

    Photograph by Underwaterer via Flickr.
    Above: Photograph by Underwaterer via Flickr.
    • Plant Ruby grass in a sunny spot for best success.
    • Appreciates light, well-draining soil.
    • Not completely drought tolerant, so provide regular water.
    • Prune back in the later fall to midwinter to let the fresh foliage emerge in early spring.
    • Not troubled by diseases or pests, or nibbled by deer.

    See also:

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  • When To Start Fertilizing Tomato Seedlings?

    When To Start Fertilizing Tomato Seedlings?

    Tomatoes are one of the craziest plants to grow, and it’s not even their fault! These fruits are often mistaken for vegetables and are close relatives of potatoes, resulting in grafted plants that grow both.

    But even worse, walk into any garden center, and chances are you’ll find an entire section devoted to tomato care.

    Fertilizing Tomato SeedlingsPin

    Of course, tomato plants aren’t nearly as difficult to grow as all the “experts” make it seem. In fact, the trusted resource, the Old Farmer’s Almanac, has been known to suggest using beer instead of fertilizer for these plants!

    And thus, we come to the dilemma at hand – weeding through the endless arguments about feeding these popular crop plants so we can determine.

    When To Start Fertilizing Tomato Seedlings?

    The answer to this is (as with all things tomato) unnecessarily complicated.

    Generally speaking, you will want to feed them after the first 1 to 3 sets of true leaves appear.

    What About Fertilizing Tomato Seeds?

    And now we’re immediately going to play devil’s advocate and discuss exceptions to the rule.

    For starters (literally and figuratively), you don’t need to use a seed starter for tomatoes.

    As long as the potting soil is fresh (i.e., not recycled), it should have all the nutrients your seeds need to germinate.

    Likewise, the seed casing contains more than the seedling, and it also contains some additional nutrients to help feed the plant until its starter leaves reach sunlight.

    But some people use a soil-free mix, which may or may not contain nutrients.

    In cases like this, you may need to add some type of starter food unless you’ve added nutrient-rich ingredients such as worm castings to your mix.

    However, any fertilizer you use should be minimal since (again) the seed mostly provides for itself until the first true leaves have formed.

    Different Fertilizers For Different Stages

    The next common stumbling block is that your tomatoes do best when you provide for their nutritional needs at each stage of life.

    Like children, a tomato plant’s nutritional needs will change as it ages. This means you shouldn’t use the same fertilizer for tomato seedlings as you do for a fruiting plant.

    In addition to micronutrients, fertilizers contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (the N-P-K on the package).

    Nitrogen promotes strong and healthy foliage and stems, phosphorus is key to healthy blooms and fruits, and potassium strengthens stems and boosts the plant’s immune system.

    For many, a balanced fertilizer (10-10-10) works best, although it must be diluted to ½ or even ¼ strength.

    Keep in mind that the quality of soil you’re using affects how much additional nutrition your plant will need, so ¼ strength is best for organically rich soil, while ½ is better for poorer soils or soil-free mixes.

    Never use full strength, as this can produce chemical burns to the fragile seedling.

    Another popular NPK ratio is 24-6-16, a ratio provided by one of Miracle-Gro’s popular water-soluble plant foods.

    When using this for your seedling, begin at ¼ strength after the first two sets of true leaves appear, then boost to ½ strength when the plant is several inches tall with at least twice as many sets of true leaves.

    Once your tomato reaches its juvenile stage, you will need to switch to a higher phosphorus blend.

    Liquid Soluble vs. Granular

    Another important thing we need to touch upon is the date between liquid soluble fertilizers and slow-release granular fertilizers.

    The latter is popular because growers are told it’s a set-and-forget, suggesting there’s less work involved.

    Unfortunately, granular fertilizers contain nutrients that degrade at different rates, meaning your plant can get a burst of one nutrient and a deficiency in another.

    As a result, your seedlings won’t get the nutrition they need right when they need it most.

    Conversely, liquid-soluble fertilizers must be applied more often but can be given when watering the seedling.

    The nutrients absorb more quickly into the soil and break down more efficiently, meaning your tomatoes get what they need as they need them.

    It’s also much easier to dilute liquid fertilizers, and they leave behind fewer mineral salts which can become toxic to your plants in large quantities.

    Bringing It All Together

    So now that we’ve covered many nuances, let’s look at the entire process, including the exceptions.

    The medium you use when sowing tomato seeds will usually have nutrients already present unless you go with straight peat moss or coconut coir.

    Adding worm castings or a similar substance to bare-bones soil-free mediums will give the seeds any extra boost they might need.

    The seed provides plenty of nutrients and contains two starter leaves known as cotyledons.

    The cotyledons are more rounded than true leaves and jump-start the process of photosynthesis while the first true leaves form.

    When your tomato seedling has two pairs of true leaves, it will have exhausted the nutrients in the seed.

    At this point, you will want to give it the first feeding, using either a balanced 10-10-10 or high nitrogen 26-6-16 NPK liquid soluble fertilizer diluted to ¼ strength.

    Follow the instructions on the packaging for frequency.

    When the seedling has grown several inches and has more than four sets of leaves, increase the dosage to ½ strength until the plant has achieved its next growth stage.

    Gary Antosh

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  • White Flowers in a Sustainable Garden in LA – FineGardening

    White Flowers in a Sustainable Garden in LA – FineGardening

    We shared our garden before (Sustainable Gardening in LA), and now we would like to share photos of some white flowers in our yard.

    Grandma planted this sweet alyssum (Lobularia maritima, annual) as a ground cover. Here’s how it looked in 2009. 

    close up of burgundy plum flowersBurgundy plum (Prunus salicina, Zones 5–8) flower

    close up of almond tree flowersAlmond (Prunus dulcis, Zones 7–9) flowers

    close up of white coffee flowersWe planted this coffee (Coffea, Zones 10–11) plant in December 2019, and it gave us flowers in July 2022. Beautiful aroma! Now we are waiting for the bean to ripen to make our first cup of coffee!

    close up of tiny white Chinese chive flowersThe flower buds of Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum, Zones 3–9) make a great dish.

    close up of white epiphyllum flowerAn Epiphyllum (Zones 10–11 or as a houseplant) flower lasts only one night, but it has a strong, pleasant smell. Vietnamese traditionally like to drink tea and sing or compose poems while watching the flowers open.

    close up of white flower with skinny petalsThis epiphyllum has smaller petals but a similar fragrance to the one above.

    epiphyllum in a pot with four flowersSometimes we had as many as 12 flowers open in one night. 

     

    Have a garden you’d like to share?

    Have photos to share? We’d love to see your garden, a particular collection of plants you love, or a wonderful garden you had the chance to visit!

    To submit, send 5-10 photos to [email protected] along with some information about the plants in the pictures and where you took the photos. We’d love to hear where you are located, how long you’ve been gardening, successes you are proud of, failures you learned from, hopes for the future, favorite plants, or funny stories from your garden.

    Have a mobile phone? Tag your photos on Facebook, Instagram or Twitter with #FineGardening!

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    GPOD Contributor

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  • What Is Causing Hibiscus Leaf Spots: How To Fix It?

    What Is Causing Hibiscus Leaf Spots: How To Fix It?

    Leaf spots on the hibiscus may be caused by bacteria or fungus. This condition usually happens in the wintertime when cool temperatures and extended damp conditions set up the ideal circumstances for bacteria and fungus to grow. 

    Hibiscus in the landscape may experience damp leaves on an ongoing basis, leading to fungus and bacteria problems and leaf spots. 

    Hibiscus Leaf SpotPin

    If you live in an area where dew forms on the plants’ leaves regularly (especially during the cool winter and early spring months) and does not evaporate for many hours, fungus and bacteria will multiply on the leaves. 

    This is also a problem on very cool, rainy days, which is exacerbated if your plants are poorly pruned or planted too close together, so there is little airflow. 

    Luckily, even though leaf spots look ugly on your Hibiscus plant, they are not usually life-threatening. 

    If you can cleanly remove the affected leaves and resolve the problem that allowed the fungus or bacteria to grow, your problem should be solved. Your plant may look a bit bare for a while, but new leaves will soon grow. 

    So what causes hibiscus leaf spots, and how to fix it? Read on to learn more.

    What Happens If You Don’t Treat Leaf Spot? 

    It’s never a good idea to leave any bacterial or fungal infection to its own devices. If you don’t clear away the affected leaves, the spotting may spread over the leaves and affect photosynthesis. This could weaken your plant. 

    Luckily, the leaf spot doesn’t usually affect the entire Hibiscus plant. Therefore, you should be able to eradicate it by pruning away a fairly minor portion of the plant’s leaves. Generally speaking, leaf spot disease in Hibiscus is not usually fatal to the plant. 

    If your Hibiscus experiences a leaf spot over a large area, or if the leaf spot returns year after year, you should take the situation seriously. 

    Carefully examine your growing area and plant care habits to determine why leaf spot is an ongoing problem. 

    What Plant Care Problems Contribute To Leaf Spot?

    A cool, wet, shady setting provides the perfect environment for fungal and/or bacterial growth. 

    Be sure to provide your Hibiscus with ample amounts of bright, direct morning sun and some shelter from the harshest midday and afternoon sun. 

    Provide a warm environment. The best temperatures for Hibiscus are 65° to 75° degrees Fahrenheit. Be sure not to allow the temperature to drop below 55° degrees Fahrenheit.

    Be sure to keep the soil consistently moist but never soggy. It’s also important to protect your outdoor plants against extended downpours. 

    Moreover, move container plants to a sheltered area and ensure plants in the landscape have excellent drainage.

    How Can You Get Pruned Leaves To Grow Back Faster? 

    After pruning away damaged and infected leaves, give your plant a good feeding with a high-quality, water-soluble fertilizer containing micronutrients (e.g., iron, magnesium, and copper). The best NPK ratio to encourage foliage growth is 6-4-4 or 12-6-6.

    Note that you should take care when using fertilizer. Don’t overdo it, or you may run the risk of causing fertilizer leaf burn. This is browning that starts at the leaf tips and eventually “burns up” the whole leaf. 

    Be sure to follow packaging instructions carefully when applying fertilizer or anti-fungal products. 

    Use half-strength fertilizer solutions in hot weather (95° to 100° degrees Fahrenheit). In temperatures greater than 100° degrees Fahrenheit, don’t fertilize. 

    How Can You Keep Leaf Spots From Returning?

    You may wish to use an anti-fungal spray on your plants’ remaining foliage and stems to kill off any fungal infection that may remain. 

    Make changes to your plants’ environment to discourage bacterial and fungal growth. 

    Be sure your plants are properly pruned to allow airflow. For plants in the landscape, prune surrounding plants to allow in more light and improve airflow. 

    Hibiscus in containers and/or those kept indoors should be moved to areas where they will get ample sunlight. Space your container plants to allow room for growth and airflow. 

    Be sure to keep your plants warm enough. For outdoor plants, you may have little control, but don’t despair. 

    You may have leaf spot problems early in the spring when the temperature is still cool, and the weather is still wet. 

    However, if all other conditions are correct, these problems will likely resolve on their own as summer approaches, and the weather becomes warmer and drier. 

    Is Rust Disease The Same As Leaf Spot Disease? 

    Rust disease, also known as Hollyhock rust, is always caused by a fungal infection (Puccinia malvacearum). This type of disease is very common in members of the mallow plant family, including Hibiscus. 

    The pathogens that cause rust disease are blown about by the wind, especially during rainy weather in springtime. When the pathogen comes in contact with a likely host plant, it takes hold of the new leaf growth. 

    If your marred leaves present rusty spots on the leaves’ tops and small yellow bumps on the underside, the problem is rust disease. 

    Unlike simple leaf spots, Hollyhock rust can be fatal to Hibiscus and should be treated promptly. In addition to making sure your plants have a healthy environment, you should also treat your unaffected plants with an anti-fungal solution such as: 

    • Chlorothalonil as a preventative on new growth. 
    • Neem Oil Spray and soil drench can be used any time of year as a preventative.
    • Sulfur-based fungicides can be used in temperatures lower than 85° degrees Fahrenheit as a treatment. 

    While you might successfully treat an isolated plant with a sulfur-based fungicide, your chances of success are low. Instead, you are best off removing and destroying infected plants (along with any possibly infected garden debris). 

    Treat remaining plants, first with a sulfur-based fungicide and then (when new growth emerges) with a chlorothalonil product. Once the problem is resolved, use a neem oil spray weekly as a preventative measure. 

    TIP: Never spray any product when the sun is high and hot. Apply pesticides, fungicides, and other foliar sprays early in the morning. 

    Are Brown Spots The Same As Rust Spots? 

    Hibiscus may exhibit brown spots that spread to encompass entire leaves when they go through a growth or re-leafing cycle early in the spring. 

    When this happens, the plant simply diverts resources to fresh, new growth so that older foliage dies, falls, and makes way. Therefore, this is not a cause for concern. 

    What If The Leaves Are Spotted And Curled? 

    Insect pests may cause leaf spots accompanied by curling or deforming. If your plants’ environment and care are correct, suspect a pest infestation. 

    Healthy Hibiscus Resist Leaf Spots

    By providing the right environment for your Hibiscus plants, you can prevent problems with leaf spots. 

    Be sure to give your plants lots of warmth and sunlight, along with the right amount of water and fertilizer. Prune regularly, provide ample space, and pay close attention to your plants to ward off problems before they get out of hand. 

    Gary Antosh

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  • Market for Outdoor and Garden Furniture To Expand by USD 5,207.76 Million in The Next Five Years

    Market for Outdoor and Garden Furniture To Expand by USD 5,207.76 Million in The Next Five Years

    Technavio categorizes the global market for outdoor furniture as a subset of the worldwide market for home furnishings, which includes goods and businesses involved in producing or selling furniture, home textiles, floor coverings, and decorative items. Between 2022 and 2027, it is predicted that the world market for outdoor furniture will rise by USD 5,207.76 million. The rate of market growth will increase at a CAGR of 3.28%.

    Source

    Multiple vendors can be found in the fragmented global market for outdoor furniture. Numerous well-known companies sell outdoor furniture on the market, including Ashcomm LLC, Barbeques Galore (Aust) Pty Ltd, Brown Jordan Co., Century Furniture LLC, Ellements, Gloster Furniture GmbH, Haworth Inc., Higold Group Co Ltd, Homecrest Outdoor Living LLC, Inter IKEA Systems B.V., Keter Home and Garden Products Ltd, Lowes Co. Inc., Metro Plus Lifestyle, Patio Furniture Industries, The Home Depot Inc., TUUC.

    Consumer expectations and preferences are prone to fast change, affecting the outdoor furniture market. The emphasis on interior and exterior decor, as well as consumers’ shifting lifestyles, significantly impact their purchasing decisions. Global outdoor landscaping market expansion has led to an increase in demand for outdoor furniture. Additionally, the rise in construction activity and the accessibility of high-quality furniture will support market expansion throughout the projection period.

    By product (outdoor furniture and accessories, outdoor grills and accessories, and patio heating items), end-user (residential and commercial), and distribution channel, Technavio has segmented the market (offline and online). A wide variety of outdoor furniture was considered for this project, including garden chairs, suspended seats, camping equipment, ottoman, stools, and different types of wicker furniture for outdoor use.

    The market will grow during the projected period due to a solid rebound in the residential housing market and an increase in consumer spending. The outdoor furniture and accessories category will considerably contribute to market expansion during the anticipated period. Expanding outside living spaces with plush deep couches and ornate outdoor lighting boosts demand for outdoor home furniture.

    A General Geography

    The worldwide outdoor furniture market is divided into five geographic regions: North America, APAC, Europe, South America, and the Middle East and Africa. The study estimates each region’s contribution to expanding the global outdoor furniture industry and offers takeaways.

    During the projection period, North America will contribute 35% of market growth worldwide. The three foremost market leaders are the US, Canada, and Mexico. The North American real estate and commercial leasing sectors have experienced rapid expansion, boosting the region’s outdoor furniture sales. Vendors are also increasing their product lines by releasing new patio furniture through new ranges and collections to fulfill the rising demand for outdoor furniture. These elements will fuel the market’s expansion during the course of the projection.

    Global Market Dynamics of Outdoor Furniture 

    Leading Drivers 

    Product design innovation and portfolio diversification propel the global outdoor furniture market. The emphasis on outdoor design has grown significantly due to changing lifestyles worldwide. Vendors are increasing their product offerings by offering new patio furniture through new ranges and collections. They provide furniture in a wide range of styles, materials, and hues to draw clients. During the anticipated year, the availability of such items would further boost sales and support market expansion.

    Key Market Trends 

    One of these is the rising demand for environmentally friendly outdoor furniture. Natural materials provide a higher aesthetic appeal and can survive extreme weather. Forest woods like teak, rosewood, sal, and deodar are excellent substitutes for furniture made of environmentally friendly materials. Moso bamboo, which is more challenging and complex than most other species of wood, including oak, is used by manufacturers to create a wide variety of aesthetically pleasing furniture. During the forecast period, these factors will aid the market’s expansion.

    Significant Obstacles 

    The market’s expansion needs to be improved by the prolonged replacement cycle. Unlike furniture made of inexpensive materials like plastic, branded, high-quality furniture does not need to be replaced frequently. In addition, many customers view outdoor furniture purchases as a one-time investment due to their high prices—products for outdoor furniture typically last 7 to 9 years. Major producers provide product warranties and guarantees, extending the lifespan of their products even further. These issues deter people from buying furniture again and again. Therefore, the lengthy furniture replacement cycle is impeding market expansion.

    What are the main facts addressed in this market study on outdoor furniture?

    • CAGR of the market during the anticipated time frame
    • In-depth information on the variables influencing the expansion of the outdoor furniture industry between 2023 and 2027
    • Accurate calculation of the outdoor furniture market’s size and its contribution to the parent market
    • Accurate forecasts of forthcoming consumer behavior patterns and shifts
    • Market development for outdoor furniture in North America, APAC, Europe, South America, the Middle East, and Africa
    • A comprehensive examination of the market’s competitive environment and complete vendor data
    • Detailed examination of the variables posing risks to vendors in the outdoor furniture market

    Between 2022 and 2027, the U.S. market for outdoor furniture is anticipated to expand at a CAGR of 3.26%. The market is expected to grow by $1,434.3 million in size. This study goes into great detail about market segmentation by product (outdoor furniture and accessories, outdoor grills and accessories, and patio heating devices), distribution channel (offline and online), and end-user (residential and commercial).

    From 2021 to 2026, the market for outdoor kitchen cabinets is projected to rise by USD 913.09 million, with a CAGR of 4.75% forecast. The outdoor kitchen cabinets market segmentation by end-user (residential and commercial) and geography are covered in-depth in this study (North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and the Middle East and Africa).

    They were the leading worldwide technology research and consultancy firm Technavio. Their research and analysis concentrate on new market trends and offer practical information businesses can use to find market opportunities and create winning strategies to improve their market positions. Technavio has more than 500 professional analysts working on its research library, which now has more than 17,000 papers covering 800 technologies in 50 countries. Businesses of all sizes, including over 100 Fortune 500 corporations, make up their clientele. This expanding clientele counts on Technavio’s thorough coverage, in-depth analysis, and actionable industry insights to spot opportunities in current and future markets and evaluate their competitive positions in dynamic market environments.

     

    Ann Sanders

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  • Do Spider Plants Bloom? | Gardener’s Path

    Do Spider Plants Bloom? | Gardener’s Path

    We love spider plants (Chlorophytum comosum) for their easy-going nature, beautiful foliage, and fast growth.

    That and the little babies or pups they produce, which makes them super easy to propagate. You’ve probably got one or two of them in your home, and that’s why you’re here.

    We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission.

    Maybe you noticed your spider plant is showing off a little with small white blooms dangling from the long stems where the plantlets normally grow, and you’re wondering what is going on.

    Or maybe you’re just curious if these are, in fact, flowering plants.

    The short answer is yes, spider plants do bloom!

    If you have a mature specimen and you’ve never noticed or known that they can produce flowers – until now – that’s possibly because these houseplants are so low maintenance, you’ve missed the short-lived blooms in the past.

    Or, the conditions haven’t been quite right to induce your specimen to flower.

    If you need a refresher on how to grow and care for spider plants, check out our guide.

    Let’s get into all the details of how and why your spider ivy is blooming, or might eventually produce flowers.

    Spider Plant Flowers

    To begin, let’s talk about the flowers themselves.

    Mature C. comosum plants may produce blooms at the ends of the long wiry stems that the plantlets, also known as pups or spiderettes, grow on. These sprawling stolons can reach up to two feet long.

    A close up vertical image of a large Chlorophytum comosum growing in a terra cotta pot indoors with a large number of stolons, spiderettes, and flowers, pictured on a soft focus background.

    The blooms are about the size of a dime, and have six smooth, pointed, white to greenish colored petals. Six light yellow pollen-topped stamens burst from the center of each flower.

    These blossoms are often described as interesting but insignificant, which is part of the reason why they often go unnoticed. The color and shape of these, especially on white variegated varieties, is easy to miss.

    Plus, like I mentioned above, the blooms are short lived, lasting for about a week, and these popular houseplants aren’t needy – so the chances of missing the flowers entirely in between waterings is high.

    If you do notice flowers, you may also see little plantlets growing alongside them, or these might appear after they’re done blooming.

    Detaching and rooting these spiderettes is the most common way of propagating these popular houseplants.

    What About the Seeds?

    If you want to try to collect seeds, it’s important to remember that these flowers are pollinated by insects in the wild. You can try placing your C. comosum outdoors when it’s in bloom if the weather is amenable, for pollinators to access.

    The resulting seed pods are triangular leathery green capsules that I find quite cute. Once ripe, the pods are held erect. Eventually they dry out and burst open, revealing three to five flat, black seeds.

    These seeds may not be viable, and typically seeds collected from hybrids and variegated forms will not grow true to type.

    When Do Spider Plants Flower?

    In the wild, mature spider plants flower during the warm summer months.

    The constant relative warmth of the indoors means blooming is possible year-round in your house.

    A study on the effects of photoperiod and light quality published in the Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science in 1978 shows long days and warm temperatures can lead to more flowers and faster production of blooms.

    More than 12 hours of light (at least 1,500 foot candles) per day will result in the highest number of stolons, and thus potential blooms.

    A close up horizontal image of a hand from the bottom of the frame holding a Chlorophytum comosum stolon with a spiderette and two small white blooms on the end.

    However, exposing the spider plant to short days of eight hours of daylight for at least three weeks will also encourage it to produce more stolons, which may produce both flowers and offsets.

    An article published in the International Society for Horticultural Science Journal, Acta Horticulturae, concluded that daylength does affect the time taken to flower, and that days of 12 or more hours of sunshine can reduce the amount of time from stolon production to bloom from 24 weeks to 17 weeks.

    What you can take from all that is, regardless, a mature houseplant may flower eventually if conditions are right.

    Provided it’s receiving enough light and warm temperatures, keep an eye on it and you may just see some of those little blooms appearing on the arching stolons!

    An Understated Bloom

    They might not be elaborate, showy flowers, but spider plant blooms are still a cute surprise when you notice them hanging out on the specimen you typically enjoy for its beautiful foliage.

    A close up horizontal image of a variegated Chlorophytum comosum with small white flowers on the end of a stolon.

    Since C. comosum can bloom year-round indoors in the right conditions, you can expect to see blooms on your houseplant eventually as long as you’re keeping an eye out for them.

    Have you ever been surprised to see flowers on your C. comosum? Tell us about it in the comments section below.

    Next up, for more information about growing and caring for spider plants check out these guides:

    Sylvia Dekker

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  • Garden Tip: Don’t Go Too Big | The Survival Gardener

    Garden Tip: Don’t Go Too Big | The Survival Gardener

    I need to learn to take my own advice.

    Or, at least take Noah Sanders’ advice:

    “One year I wanted to grow some corn. I wanted a lot of corn. So I took a field around an acre (we live in the hills so this is a large area of flat ground for us) and plowed it up and planted it with corn. Long story short I didn’t get any corn from that field. The weeds took over despite my best efforts with the limited equipment I had and the coons got any corn that did grow. Compare that with another patch of corn I planted that was much, much smaller, around 30 feet by 80 feet. I was able to generously fertilize the plot using chickens and then was easily able to weed it and even fence it. The corn was tall and beautiful and we had delicious sweet corn, plenty to freeze and sell! And it was a lot more fun to care for.

    Planting a garden that is too big is a common mistake that can rob your family of the joy of gardening.”

    Yeah, I’ve been there. We tilled up tons of lousy soil and planted great big gardens at our previous rental property. The yields weren’t great, and we were overtaxed taking care of it.

    It’s best to go small and do excellently, rather than do something big badly.

    Share this post!

    David The Good

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  • The Best Soil for Herbs—Grow a Fruitful Herb Garden – Garden Therapy

    The Best Soil for Herbs—Grow a Fruitful Herb Garden – Garden Therapy

    A plentiful stock of herbs at your disposal is ideal for the at-home chef, amateur herbalist, or skincare enthusiast. But to get an abundant amount of herbs, it all begins with the soil. Here’s how to get the best soil for herbs using organic ingredients and nutrients!

    In this post, we will cover…

    What’s the Best Potting Soil for Outdoor Herbs?

    Outdoor herbs will grow in the topsoil of your gardening beds, which is the top foot or so of soil. Like most plants, the best soil for herbs is rich with lots of nutrients. The soil should be moist, meaning it can retain water well. Lastly, it needs to be well-draining, allowing excess water to drain out, and it isn’t soggy.

    If you have hard clay soil, you may need to improve drainage. Add some gravel or sand and mix in some compost or other organic material.

    To improve your top layer of soil, you’ll want to look for garden soil designed for in-ground plants. This is heavy and dense and usually too compact for container plants.

    If you’re planting an outdoor container herb garden, you will want an all-purpose potting mix. It will have more nutrients and be able to retain moisture for potted herbs.

    For starting herbs from seed, you will want a seed-starting mix.

    planting herbs outdoors in the best soil

    What’s the Best Potting Soil for Indoor Herbs?

    The best soil for indoor herbs will look much different than the herbs you plant in the garden. Indoor plants need a specific potting mix formulated to help them with their extra challenges.

    Ideally, the best potting soil for herbs will be lighter and be able to retain lots of moisture since pots quickly dry up. At the same time, it will be well-draining, so no excess water sits.

    You can’t just take garden soil and bring it inside. You need sterile soil that won’t have any critters from outside infesting your indoor herb plants.

    Most soil ingredients don’t have active biology except for compost. You can sterilize your compost by baking it in the oven at 180°F for 30 minutes. Alternatively, you can buy sterilized compost.

    herbs growing on a window

    Fertilizer for Herbs

    For all my garden plants, I don’t apply any fertilizer. Really! They already get enough from the ground, and I let my garden naturally decompose in the fall rather than cleaning up all that free organic material. I give them a boost in the spring with compost rather than a fertilizer.

    However, plants in containers or indoor plants don’t have the same luxury and may need some fertilizer to boost their nutrients. Do note that too much fertilizer can cause herbs to grow too fast, which may cause a lack of flavour. Too much fertilizer may also burn the roots of the plant.

    If you suspect you have poor soil, you can do a soil test to help determine which nutrients are lacking.

    indoor plant fertilizer in jar

    Soil pH for Herbs

    The best soil for herbs is acidic to neutral soil between 6-7 pH, with a few exceptions. Rarely will you need to adjust a garden’s pH unless the soil is quite poor in quality. An at-home soil test can help you determine the acidity of your soil.

    how to pH soil test at home

    Frequently Asked Questions About Soil and Herbs

    Do herbs need special potting soil?

    Herbs don’t need a specialty potting mix. In most cases, an all-purpose potting mix/soil is the best potting soil for herbs.

    Can you use fruit and vegetable potting mix for herbs?

    You certainly can. Potting mix for fruits and vegetables is very nutrient-rich soil that gets you the best harvest possible. You can find my peat-free vegetable garden soil mix here.

    However, herbs don’t use as many nutrients as vegetables, so a veggie mix is not a requirement. If an all-purpose potting mix is more inexpensive, that works just as well for herbs.

    herbs growing in a container

    Pin image for the best soil for herbs including sprouting herbs and grown herbs.

    Stephanie Rose

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