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  • Is Hibiscus Safe During Pregnancy?

    Is Hibiscus Safe During Pregnancy?

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    Professionals advise women who are pregnant to stay away from raw tuna, booze, and other things that could cause problems during the pregnancy. Also, it’s best to limit your caffeine intake, which is why a lot of pregnant women drink green tea instead.

    But drinking herbal drinks like hibiscus flower tea while pregnant can also be bad for you. Discover more about hibiscus tea and other things you should know if you are pregnant by reading on!

    What Is Hibiscus?

    Is Hibiscus Safe During Pregnancy

    Hibiscus is a plant that blooms with lovely red flowers. It is usually grown in warm areas and is useful for many things, like making rope, paper, and flower arrangements. Hibiscus flower leaves that have been dried are used to make hot or cold tea, which tastes great and smells like flowers.

    People think that hibiscus tea can help fight bacteria, lower blood pressure, and help people lose weight. People also think that hibiscus tea is good for your liver, and there are chemicals in the tea that stop cancer cells from growing in the body.

    Is Hibiscus Tea Safe In Pregnancy?

    Tea made from hibiscus flowers is good for your health in many ways. It tastes great and is full of healthy vitamins. However, pregnant women and women who are breastfeeding should not normally eat it.

    In 2013, studies on animals showed that hibiscus tea may not be safe for women who are expecting. Animal studies show that eating hibiscus during pregnancy can be dangerous. For example, the child may not reach puberty on time, and the pregnancy may end in a loss.

    Some problems, like a high chance of obesity, a higher body mass index, and poor nutrition in the mother, are seen in the children.

    Hibiscus is thought to help keep hormones and periods in check. But while pregnant, it could cause early labor, bleeding, cramps, or even the loss of the baby.

    Benefits of Hibiscus Tea While Pregnant: Hibiscus tea has a lot of health benefits because it is high in vitamins. The same is true for women who are pregnant. Traditionally, though, women who are pregnant should not eat or drink it during the first three months, and even after that, they should get a prescription from their doctor before doing so.

    The common belief about pregnancy is that hibiscus tea is good for you. If you drink hibiscus tea after the first trimester, once you know you’re pregnant, you’ll get the following benefits:

    • A number of colleges think that hibiscus has a lot of flavonoids.
    • It can keep you safe from damage caused by radical toxic elements that make cells die and cause illnesses.
    • It helps boost the immune system and makes the bodies of both the mother and the baby stronger.
    • During pregnancy, blood pressure often goes through the roof. Hibiscus tea may help keep it in check.
    • It might get rid of germs, clean the lymph and blood, and make the digestive system stronger.

    There is no scientific proof of these benefits, though, so it’s always best to talk to your doctor before drinking hibiscus tea while you’re pregnant.

    Side Effects Of Drinking Hibiscus Tea When Pregnant

    It is not a good idea to drink hibiscus tea while pregnant, especially in the first three months. It is thought to cause miscarriages and teenagers to not hit puberty until later. Here are some other bad things that can happen after drinking hibiscus tea:

    • Shaking
    • Ringing in the ears
    • Headache
    • Painful urination
    • Nausea
    • Constipation
    • Gas
    • Upset stomach or stomach pain

    Does Hibiscus Tea Cause Miscarriage?

    In general, you should stay away from hibiscus tea while you are pregnant because it can cause miscarriages and late puberty. So, even if you have to drink tea while you’re pregnant, you should always be aware of the possible side effects.

    Hibiscus And Pregnancy: First Trimester

    When we are early in pregnancy, we tend to dislike more things. Tea may help with more than just morning sickness and being very sleepy. It may also help with other stomach problems.

    Ginger root and hibiscus tea are great for getting rid of morning sickness and gas. Because of your pregnancy, you might not like hot drinks. You could have it as a cold tea instead.

    The things that could hurt you (like wine, coffee, etc.) hurt your body a lot in the first trimester. If you enjoy a plant tea and find that it helps with your pregnancy symptoms, your body may be telling you what’s best for you.

    Hibiscus And Pregnancy: Second Trimester

    Some women think that the second trimester of pregnancy is the best time for them because the first trimester symptoms are usually gone and the body is still small and easy to handle.

    The second trimester is happy and, we hope, free of sickness. Think things through. If you’re pregnant and having trouble with your blood pressure or weight gain, you might want to try hibiscus tea, either hot or cold.

    It’s possible that some plant teas will make you feel different, and as we said in the first trimester, if it feels good to your body, it probably won’t hurt you. Each woman is much more aware of what she should and shouldn’t eat while she is pregnant.

    Hibiscus And Pregnancy: Third Trimester

    In the third trimester, some women drink hibiscus tea to get their bodies ready for labor.

    You may have heard that red raspberry leaf tea can help pregnant women. As a uterine tonic, this plant tea gets the womb ready for its most important time.

    Hibiscus is one of the main ingredients in most herbal tea mixes made for women in their last three months of pregnancy.

    Who Should Not Drink Hibiscus Tea?

    If you are allergic to hibiscus tea or other herbal teas from the Malvaceae plant family, it might not be the best for you.

    If drinking hibiscus tea or any other tea or taking hibiscus vitamins makes you feel bad, stop taking them and see what happens. Always call your healthcare provider if you are worried.

    Hibiscus And Pregnancy: The Verdict

    There aren’t many studies that look at how safe hibiscus is for real women. But research on animals has shown some things that might be bad about drinking hibiscus tea while you’re pregnant.

    Scientists have also come up with some ideas about why hibiscus makes some animals less fertile. Some of these effects, like the ones on estrogen, might also happen in people. We just don’t know at this point.

    Because so little is known about how safe hibiscus is during pregnancy and because it’s possible that it could lead to a failing pregnancy or health problems for both mom and baby, we strongly advise that you do not take hibiscus while you are pregnant. This is just a safety measure because there isn’t enough information to prove it’s safe.

    The same advice goes if you are trying to get pregnant, because some studies on animals have shown that it might mess up the first few weeks of pregnancy.

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    Varinder Pal Singh

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  • Is Monstera Toxic to Cats?

    Is Monstera Toxic to Cats?

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    You might find this question hard to answer if you have a cat and love monstera plants.

    There is bad news: the answer is yes. All monstera species (and most aroids, in fact) are toxic to dogs, cats, and humans.

    But how dangerous are monstera plants for cats? Can your cat and your monstera plant live together? You’d love to have both.

    This piece will talk about what makes monsteras dangerous for cats and what you can do to keep your cat away from your monstera. That way, you can enjoy both your cat friend and your monstera plant without hurting either of them. Cats and flowers can live together without any problems!

    Are Monstera Toxic to Cats

    Are Monsteras Dangerous For Cats?

    One good thing is that monstera trees usually don’t hurt cats, dogs, or people.

    If your cat eats some of your monstera, it might irritate their mouth, throat, and stomach walls, which could make them vomit and drool. But unless they eat a lot of the plant, their life won’t be in danger. This doesn’t happen very often, though, because the soreness will start almost as soon as your cat bites into your monstera, making it less likely to eat it again.

    What Makes Monsteras Unsafe For Cats?

    When eaten, why are monstera weeds such a problem?

    CaCO3 crystals, which can be found in almost every part of the monstera plant, hold the answer.

    Calcium Oxalate Crystals

    These very small pieces are made up of oxalate and calcium. They are very sharp and pointy, like a bunch of needles. They can irritate the mouth, throat, and digestive system by making tiny cuts in the tissue there, or they can get stuck in those tissues. It’s also good to wear gloves when you cut your monstera because these crystals can be rough on your skin.

    Crystals on the monstera plant are good for it because they keep animals from eating it.

    Fruit, which is safe to eat when it’s ready, is the only part of the plant that should be eaten. This lets the plant’s seeds spread to more places through animals and their gut systems.

    What Part Of Monstera Contains Calcium Oxalate Crystals?

    There are calcium oxalate crystals in most parts of your monstera, like the stems, leaves, roots, and even the unripe fruit, because they are found where the sap runs.

    To sum up, your cat should stay away from monstera plants because all parts of the plant are poisonous.

    Symptoms Of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Poisoning

    If your cat has eaten a piece of your monstera plant, the first thing you’ll probably notice is that it will be pawing at its mouth or face.

    The mouth, lips, or tongue may also swell up.

    In the worst cases, your cat’s throat could also get swollen, which would make it hard for it to breathe. (If this happens, take them to the doctor right away.)

    Too much drooling, vomiting, and loss of hunger are also red flags.

    Could Monstera Toxins Kill My Cat?

    Most of the time, no.

    While some parts of a monstera plant can kill cats, it takes a very large amount to kill them.

    If your cat has a lot of calcium oxalate crystals in its body, they might hurt its kidneys. But this doesn’t happen very often because the crystals irritate the body right away, which keeps animals from eating more of the plant.

    Still, you should take your cat to the vet right away if it eats any part of your monstera plant.

    What To Do If Your Cat Has Been Poisoned

    If you think your cat ate any part of your monstera plant and you see signs of soreness or poisoning, call your vet right away at 1-888-426-4436 or Animal Poison Control.

    You should also wash your cat’s mouth, eyes, paws, and any other part of its body that got monstera sap on it with clean water. Also, make sure your cat drinks lots of water. This will help clean out as many of the crystals as possible from its digestive system.

    How To Prevent Cats From Eating Monsteras

    How can you make sure that your soft friends don’t eat your monstera plant?

    Keeping them away from the plant, distracting them, and using repellents are all things that work best together.

    These tips will help you keep your cat and monstera safe and happy.

    Cat Deterrents

    Your cat might not be as interested in your monstera plant if you use deterrents on it. It’s possible that they work by making your monstera smell bad to your cat but fine to you, or by teaching your cat that your plant means bad things.

    Water

    A simple, safe, and effective way to teach cats to stay away from certain things or habits is to spray them with water from a squirt bottle.

    If you see your cat going too close to your monstera plant, quickly spray them with water. They will start to avoid the area with the plant and water if you do this over and over again.

    This idea can be used in other ways. Because your cat might be scared of the vacuum, you could park it near the monstera plant or stack cans that are easy for your cat to knock over if it gets too close. These steps may make the plant less appealing to your cat over time, even after you take away the barrier.

    Repellents

    Citrus fruits smell bad to cats, so put some orange, lemon, lime, or grapefruit peels in the soil or put some citrus essential oil on the pot’s edge.

    You could also spray the plant with water that has some lemon juice in it. You can also use vinegar and citronella to keep your cat from damaging your plant, but you might not like the way it smells!

    Cats will also stay away from red pepper and mustard. To keep your cat away from the plant, mix a few spoonfuls into water and spray it around.

    You can also put rosemary plants in pots near your monstera. Cats don’t like the smell, and it can also be used in cooking!

    Nature’s Miracle also makes a great spray that will keep your cat away from plants if nothing else works. Just don’t put it directly on the plant.

    Cats won’t be able to dig up your monstera if you put something on top of the dirt that they don’t like to walk on.

    Among other things, you can cover the dirt with rocks, bark, or pine cones. Not only will they make it harder to dig, but cats don’t like the way these things feel on their paws, so they probably won’t go near the soil at all.

    Are Monsteras Toxic To Cats? Final Thoughts

    Monsteras are beautiful flowers, but our furry family members don’t always get along with them.

    But it can be done!

    These ideas will help you keep your cat away from your monstera. Also, don’t give up if one plan doesn’t work! Try one more. Using more than one method can also work, so give your cat lots of love and fun things to play with, keep the litter box clean, and put things on your plant that will scare them away.

    There are many other beautiful flowers that cats will not harm if you can’t get the monstera to work or just don’t want to deal with it in a home where cats are welcome.

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    Varinder Pal Singh

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  • 11 ways to maximise credit card points for your next holiday – Growing Family

    11 ways to maximise credit card points for your next holiday – Growing Family

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    Collaborative post

    Are you dreaming of a fabulous holiday without breaking the bank?

    Credit card rewards programmes offer many ways to earn and redeem points for travel benefits, including flights, hotels, and restaurants. Indeed, numerous credit cards cater to travel enthusiasts, and if you play your cards right, you can maximise your points for your next vacation.

    This article will show you how to do this by exploring 11 tried-and-trusted ways to maximise credit card points and embark on the holiday of your dreams.

    wallet with credit cards

    Choose the right credit card

    Choosing the right credit card is the first and most crucial step in leveraging your credit card points for your next holiday.

    Your selection process should be tailored to your unique preferences and travel habits. However, you should consider factors such as airline and hotel partnerships, sign-up bonuses, earning potential, and annual fees. Opt for a card that aligns with your preferred hotel brands or airlines, such as Qantas (see Westpac’s article for more information) as this can lead to exclusive perks and benefits.

    Sign-up bonuses are a powerful way to accumulate significant points quickly, but remember to meet any spending requirements within the stipulated time frame if required.

    Additionally, the card’s earning potential is equally important, with some cards offering higher points for specific categories like dining, groceries, or travel expenses.

    Lastly, it is worth keeping annual fees in mind. You should weigh these against the benefits and rewards the card offers.

    Ultimately, your choice of credit card will be the foundation of your entire credit card points strategy, so research and choose wisely.

    Understand your card’s rewards programme

    Understanding your credit card’s rewards programme is vital if you want to optimise your travel points.

    Each credit card programme operates differently, and having a comprehensive grasp of its specifics is essential. Pay attention to whether your card offers points or miles, and familiarise yourself with their value and redemption options.

    Equally important is understanding the earning and redemption rules. Some cards have straightforward cashback rewards, while others may employ complex redemption structures with transfer partners and blackout dates. Additionally, be vigilant about points expiry dates to avoid losing hard-earned rewards. 

    Ultimately, the more you understand the intricacies of your card’s rewards programme, the more you can make informed decisions, strategically accumulate points, and ultimately unlock the full potential of your travel benefits.

    Leverage everyday spending

    Don’t be misled into thinking that maximising your credit card points for your upcoming holiday is just about big purchases. It’s also about leveraging everyday spending.

    You can significantly boost your points balance by using your travel rewards credit card for routine expenses – from groceries and dining to bills and utilities.

    Many cards offer higher points or cashback percentages for these categories, allowing you to accumulate points effortlessly over time. Additionally, explore online shopping portals and partnerships offered by your credit card company, as these can provide bonus points for making purchases at specific retailers.

    If you incorporate your everyday spending into your credit card strategy, you can accumulate points steadily, bringing your dream holiday closer to a reality.

    person holding a credit card while using a laptopperson holding a credit card while using a laptop

    Use credit card perks

    Using the perks that come with your travel rewards credit card can be a game-changer when planning your next holiday. Many of these cards offer a range of valuable benefits to enhance your travel experience. 

    From comprehensive travel insurance that covers trip cancellations and lost baggage, to access to airport lounges for a more comfortable pre-flight experience, these perks can save you a substantial amount of money and add convenience to your travels. Some cards even waive foreign transaction fees, making international trips more affordable.

    Priority boarding, complimentary flight upgrades, and concierge services for restaurant reservations and local attractions can all elevate your journey further. By taking full advantage of these perks, you can make your holiday more enjoyable, stress-free, and cost-effective.

    Timing is everything

    Timing plays a critical role when maximising your credit card points for your next holiday.

    First and foremost, plan your credit card application to coincide with your major expenses or travel purchases to meet sign-up bonus requirements. Also, keep an eye on limited-time promotions and bonus point opportunities that can significantly boost your points balance.

    Timing your holiday shopping to align with increased spending during the holiday season can also help accumulate more points. Additionally, booking your flights and accommodations in advance is essential, as this often results in better availability and value when redeeming points.

    Lastly, being flexible with your travel dates can be an excellent strategy to take advantage of lower point requirements during off-peak times.

    Optimise your point redemption

    Point redemption is key to getting the most value from your credit card rewards, and there are several strategies to consider when doing so.

    First, explore transfer partners if your rewards programme offers this option. This can open up a world of possibilities for using your points across various airline and hotel loyalty programmes, often with more favourable redemption rates.

    Booking your flights or accommodations in advance can help secure better availability and value, especially during peak travel times. At the same time, flexibility in your travel dates can lead to more significant savings, as off-peak times often require fewer points for redemptions.

    Sometimes, using a combination of points and cash for bookings can stretch your points further and ensure you secure your desired travel plans.

    row of suitcasesrow of suitcases

    Keep an eye on promotions

    Staying vigilant and watching out for promotions is an intelligent approach to maximise credit card points for your next holiday.

    Credit card companies frequently offer enticing promotions that significantly boost your points balance. These promotions may include bonus point offers, cashback incentives, or special discounts on specific spending categories or particular time frames.

    Referral bonuses are another lucrative avenue to earn rewards. At the same time, welcome bonuses may periodically offer extra rewards for targeted spending.

    Regularly checking your credit card issuer’s website, emails, or mobile app for these limited-time offers can maximise your points.

    Monitor your account regularly

    Monitoring your credit card account regularly ensures you receive the points you’ve earned for your purchases and keeps you updated on new promotions or offers. Make it a practice to check your monthly credit card statements to verify that you’ve received the appropriate points for your transactions.

    If you spot any discrepancies, always contact your credit card issuer to resolve the issue. Setting up alerts for your account is also highly beneficial, as these can notify you about significant account activity, such as large purchases or changes to your credit limit.

    Furthermore, keep a keen eye on promotional emails and notifications from your credit card issuer, as they often contain information about new offers, promotions and ways to earn extra points. Just ensure the emails you receive are genuine and not phishing scams, and act promptly to seize the opportunities to boost your points balance.

    Combine points with a partner or family

    Combining credit card points with a partner or family members can be a brilliant strategy to maximise your travel rewards for an upcoming holiday. 

    Many rewards programmes allow you to pool or transfer points among household members, which can be especially beneficial when booking multiple flights or hotel rooms for a family vacation.

    To make the most of this approach, check the terms and conditions of your credit card to confirm if it permits pooling or transferring of points among household members. Also, coordinate spending with your partner or family members to ensure everyone contributes to maximising the points earned.

    When booking your holiday, collaborate on using the combined points to secure flights, accommodations, or other travel expenses. This way, you can fully leverage the combined points balance to enjoy significant savings, making your dream holiday more affordable and accessible for everyone.

    Be mindful of fees and interest

    It is always worth being mindful of fees and interest to make the most of your credit card points.

    While credit cards can offer many rewards and perks, they can also come with costs that you must manage carefully. Paying your balance in full each month is crucial to avoiding interest charges and maximising your rewards.

    Credit card interest rates can be high, and any outstanding balance can quickly negate the value of the points or rewards you earn. Equally important is avoiding cash advances, which often involve steep fees and high interest rates. So make sure you monitor and evaluate the annual fees associated with your card, weighing them against the benefits and rewards it offers.

    If you’re not fully utilising the card’s perks, consider downgrading to a no-annual-fee card, or even cancelling it if the fees outweigh the advantages. By staying vigilant about fees and interest, you can ensure that your credit card points work to your advantage rather than accumulating unnecessary costs.

    Consider a premium travel card

    Considering a premium travel card can be a wise move to maximise credit card points. Although often accompanied by higher annual fees, these top-tier cards offer many benefits that can dramatically enhance your travel experience.

    For instance, they can grant you elite status with airline or hotel loyalty programmes, which translates to perks like complimentary room upgrades, priority boarding, and exclusive lounge access. At the same time, premium cards typically provide annual travel credits that can offset their fees and apply to various travel expenses, from airline fees to baggage fees. Additionally, they offer 24/7 concierge services that assist with restaurant reservations, local attractions, and even travel emergencies.

    Many premium cards reimburse the application fee for programmes like Global Entry or TSA PreCheck, saving you time at security checkpoints. They also have enhanced travel insurance, including coverage for trip interruptions, cancellations, and travel accidents.

    While the annual fee might put some people off, the value offered by a premium travel card can significantly enhance your travel experiences and make your dream holiday more luxurious and stress-free.

    Conclusion

    With the right strategies and a well-chosen credit card, maximising credit card points for your next holiday is an achievable goal.

    By selecting the right card, utilising its benefits, and being mindful of your spending and redemptions, you can accrue enough points to embark on the holiday of your dreams without draining your bank account.

    Whether you’re a frequent traveller or an occasional vacationer, the rewards and perks offered by travel rewards credit cards can make your journeys more affordable and enjoyable. So, choose your card wisely, spend strategically, and watch your points balance grow as you plan your next adventure.

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    Catherine

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  • Fall in John’s Garden – FineGardening

    Fall in John’s Garden – FineGardening

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    My name is John Markowski, and I garden in Zone 6B in central New Jersey. My property is inundated with deer, and the soil drains poorly, so I’ve built my garden around ornamental grasses and native perennials. The grasses are shining right now in combination with the slowly declining perennials.

    Many gardens peak in the spring with a brilliant display of bright flowers, but this garden looks amazing right now in the fall, with each plant taking on a subtly different hue but all working together to end the year beautifully.

    pink perennials and silver ornamental grassThe flowering stems of Miscanthus sinensis (Zones 5–9) have given way to their beautiful silvery ripening seeds. Behind them is a different variety of the same grass, which is just maturing a little later, so there’s a contrast between the different colors of seed spikes.

    foliage plants in various colors in fallThis miscanthus has bright variegated foliage that contrasts with the darker foliage around it. In the front left is a bit of pink from obedient plant (Physostegia virginiana, Zones 3–9), a wonderful and very long-blooming native perennial.

    close up of Sneezeweed right before going to seedSneezeweed (Helenium autumnale, Zones 3–8) has colorful daisy flowers in shades of yellow, orange, or red. But here, after the showy petals have fallen, it takes on a subtler beauty of the central yellow ball maturing slowing into ripened seeds. Note that the common name for this native perennial is a bit misleading; it is just one of the many native plants with show flowers that happens to bloom around the same time as ragweed, and so it gets blamed for the ragweed allergies.

    garden bed full of fall foliageFall foliage and ripening seeds are doing what they do best.

    wide view of garden with lots of ornamental grass in fallDeer and poorly drained soil can present challenges, but John shows that you can still make a beautiful garden in those conditions.

     

    Have a garden you’d like to share?

    Have photos to share? We’d love to see your garden, a particular collection of plants you love, or a wonderful garden you had the chance to visit!

    To submit, send 5-10 photos to [email protected] along with some information about the plants in the pictures and where you took the photos. We’d love to hear where you are located, how long you’ve been gardening, successes you are proud of, failures you learned from, hopes for the future, favorite plants, or funny stories from your garden.

    Have a mobile phone? Tag your photos on Facebook, Instagram or Twitter with #FineGardening!

    Do you receive the GPOD by email yet? Sign up here.

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    GPOD Contributor

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  • Newport Beach Backyard by Molly Wood Garden Design

    Newport Beach Backyard by Molly Wood Garden Design

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    A scroll through landscape designer Molly Wood’s portfolio reveals gorgeous, rambling properties and infinity pools with views of forever, but it was a recent project on a much more modest scale that caught our eye.

    Wood’s clients, a family in Newport Beach, had a ranch house on a lot measured in feet not acres, to which they hoped to add a pool, room to entertain, and more. “There was just an old entry pathway and some weedy grass on site when I got there,” says Wood of the yard. But Wood, who has been designing gardens in California since 1995, was undaunted by the constraints of the space, noting, “I always say, ‘This is California real estate: Let’s maximize it. Let’s use it.’ ”

    But how? Here, she explains how to design a small, stylish outdoor space that takes advantage of every inch.

    Photography by Lane J. Dittoe, courtesy of Molly Wood Garden Design.

    1. Define the functions.

    A pair of chaise lounges and a scalloped umbrella offer a shady place to lounge on the far end of the pool. White sage softens the division between the entry courtyard and the pool.
    Above: A pair of chaise lounges and a scalloped umbrella offer a shady place to lounge on the far end of the pool. White sage softens the division between the entry courtyard and the pool.

    “My first question is usually, ‘What do you want to do out here?’” says Wood. For this family, adding a pool was the top priority, but they also requested space to grill, eat outside, and entertain. Wood maps out the yard by function before she starts to even think about plants and hardscape materials. 

    2. Use the pivot point.

    The cabana is completely open to the outdoors. The home’s interior designer Mindy Gayer collaborated with Wood on the outdoor furnishings.
    Above: The cabana is completely open to the outdoors. The home’s interior designer Mindy Gayer collaborated with Wood on the outdoor furnishings.

    To maximize the yard’s L-shape, Wood placed the pool cabana at the pivot point of the L, so it can be seen (and accessed) from both the far end of the pool and the dining area on the opposite side. You may not want or need to build a whole structure in your pivot point, but consider how the corner can serve both sides of your yard.

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  • The Best Flooring Options for Coastal Living in Port St. Lucie, Florida

    The Best Flooring Options for Coastal Living in Port St. Lucie, Florida

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    When you think of Port St. Lucie, Florida, images of pristine beaches, swaying palm trees, and a laid-back coastal lifestyle come to mind. Located in the heart of Florida’s Treasure Coast, less than an hour north of Palm Beach, Port St. Lucie is a paradise for beach lovers. It boasts an impressive 21 miles of pristine, natural beaches, with nearly half being nature preserves, a rare feature compared to the rest of Florida’s coastline. This unique and desirable destination offers residents and visitors the chance to experience the true beauty of nature.

    francesca-tosolini-XAHSexPxSus-unsplash

    Image source

    Suppose you’re fortunate enough to call this coastal haven home or are considering moving to Port St. Lucie. In that case, you’ll want to ensure that your living space is beautiful and well-suited to the unique coastal environment. The harsh coastal conditions, including humidity, salt air, and potential flooding, make it crucial to select flooring materials that can withstand these challenges while adding value to your property. In this article, we will explore the best flooring options for coastal living in Port St. Lucie, Florida, and discuss how these choices can enhance the value of your home.

     

    1. Marble Flooring

    Water-resistant and durable, marble tile is a perfect floor installation for sweltering summers and highly trafficked areas. Marble increases your home’s value while reflecting light and keeping a space fresh and cool. Best of all, it’s a breeze to maintain.

    Marble flooring is a luxurious and practical choice for coastal homes. Its natural resistance to water and durability make it well-suited to the humid coastal climate of Port St. Lucie. Marble’s reflective properties also help to keep your living spaces more relaxed, which is especially welcome during the hot Florida summers. Moreover, marble adds an air of sophistication to your home. It increases its overall value, which can be particularly advantageous if you sell a house fast in St. Lucie.

     

    2. Laminate/Vinyl

    A laminate/vinyl hybrid combines vinyl’s water resistance and shock absorption with laminate’s scratch-and fade-resistance. They can also emulate a hardwood floor perfectly.

    Laminate and vinyl flooring options are known for their resilience, making them excellent choices for coastal living. They can mimic the appearance of hardwood floors while offering water resistance and shock absorption. These qualities make them ideal for homes in Port St. Lucie, where high humidity levels and occasional flooding can be concerns. Additionally, their scratch and fade resistance ensures your floors look great despite heavy coastal foot traffic.

     

    3. Wide-Plank Hardwood

    Wide-plank lends a rustic feel to any surface. A wax finish brings out the natural texture. It can protect spaces like covered patios that transition from outdoor to indoor.

    Wide-plank hardwood flooring is a classic choice that adds a touch of rustic charm to your coastal home. The wide planks provide a natural and inviting look, perfect for creating a cozy atmosphere. With a wax finish, wide-plank hardwood floors enhance your indoor spaces and offer protection in areas that transition from outdoor to indoor, such as covered patios. This type of flooring is an excellent investment that can increase the value of your home, particularly if you are considering home upgrades that add value in Port St. Lucie.

     

    4. Ceramic Tile

    Water-resistant, durable ceramic tile. There’s such a wide availability of color and design that it can fit any room.

     

    Ceramic tile is a versatile and practical choice for coastal living. Its water-resistant properties make it well-suited for bathrooms, kitchens, and other areas where moisture is a concern. With a wide variety of colors and designs available, you can find ceramic tiles that seamlessly complement your home’s aesthetic. Its durability ensures that your floors will withstand the test of time in the coastal environment, making it an excellent option for those looking to invest in their homes.

     

    In the coastal paradise of Port St. Lucie, Florida, choosing the right flooring is about enhancing your home’s beauty and ensuring its longevity in the face of challenging coastal conditions. Marble, laminate/vinyl, wide-plank hardwood, and ceramic tile are among the top flooring options that not only withstand the coastal climate but also add significant value to your property. Whether you’re planning to sell a house fast in St. Lucie or want to enjoy the benefits of coastal living, these flooring choices are sure to make your home more comfortable and valuable. So, when considering home upgrades that add value, remember that investing in the right flooring can be a wise decision for any coastal homeowner in Port St. Lucie, Florida.

     

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    Ann Sanders

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  • How to Grow Peas

    How to Grow Peas

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    Peas are one of the cool-season crops I look forward to the most because fresh peas from the garden are sweeter than anything you can buy at the store. Peas are easy to grow in your garden, and because they grow vertically, they provide a high yield in a small growing area. Learn how to grow peas with these five tips.


    Disclaimer: this post contains affiliate links. See my disclosure policy for more information.


    5 Tips for How to Grow Peas


    How to grow peas in Arizona - snow peasHow to grow peas in Arizona - snow peas
    Oregon Sugar Pod II Snow Peas

    1. Decide which varieties of peas to plant

    Peas are often divided into three categories – choose which ones you want to plant. 

    Shelling or Sweet pea (not to be confused with the flower sweet pea) - also called English peas or garden peas. Inedible pod with full-sized edible peas; shell before eating. Shelling or Sweet pea (not to be confused with the flower sweet pea) - also called English peas or garden peas. Inedible pod with full-sized edible peas; shell before eating.
    Shelling or Sweet pea (not to be confused with the flower sweet pea) - also called English peas or garden peas. Inedible pod with full-sized edible peas; shell before eating. Shelling or Sweet pea (not to be confused with the flower sweet pea) - also called English peas or garden peas. Inedible pod with full-sized edible peas; shell before eating.

    Shelling or Sweet pea (not to be confused with the flower sweet pea) – also called English peas or garden peas. Inedible pod with full-sized edible peas; shell before eating.

    Varieties to try: Wando, Iona Shelling Petite Pea SeedsKing Tut Purple Pea


    Snow pea - Large, flat, stringless edible pod with small peas. Often used in stir- fry. Snow pea - Large, flat, stringless edible pod with small peas. Often used in stir- fry.
    Snow pea - Large, flat, stringless edible pod with small peas. Often used in stir- fry. Snow pea - Large, flat, stringless edible pod with small peas. Often used in stir- fry.

    Snow pea – Large, flat, stringless edible pod with small peas. Often used in stir- fry.

    Varieties to try: Mammoth Melting Sugar Snow Peas, *Oregon Sugar Pod II Snow Peas (* = highly recommend)


    Sugar snap pea - Edible pod with full-sized edible peas. Pick at any stage and eat entire pod with peas inside. Sugar snap pea - Edible pod with full-sized edible peas. Pick at any stage and eat entire pod with peas inside.
    How to grow peas in Arizona How to grow peas in Arizona

    Sugar snap pea – Edible pod with full-sized edible peas. Pick at any stage and eat entire pod with peas inside.

    Varieties to try: Sugar Magnolia Snap Purple PeasSugar Snap Peas, *Cascadia Snap Peas (* = highly recommend)


    How to grow peas in Arizona How to grow peas in Arizona

    Once you have determined which type to plant, choose disease-resistant varieties if possible.

    Pea DISEASE RESISTANCE CODES FOR SEED PACKETS
Pea DISEASE RESISTANCE CODES FOR SEED PACKETS

    Pea disease resistance codes for seed packets:


    2. Plant peas correctly and at the right time

    • Before planting peas, consider inoculating the seeds with Mycorrhizae. Inoculating the seeds gives the plants a boost, produces larger yields, and helps roots to ‘fix’ the nitrogen in the soil. 
    How to grow peas in Arizona How to grow peas in Arizona
    • Plant peas at the right time. Peas grow best at temperatures under 70°F.
    • In the low desert of Arizona, plant peas beginning in September and continue planting peas until January.
    Peas: Planting, Growing and Harvesting PeasPeas: Planting, Growing and Harvesting Peas
    • In other areas, for spring planting, plant seeds outside about 4 to 6 weeks before your last spring frost. Peas planted in colder soil (between 40°F-55°F) will grow more slowly than those planted in soil that is at least 60°F. Use a soil thermometer to check the soil temperature. Check your local planting guide to see if fall planting is an option for peas in your area. 
    Peas: Planting, Growing and Harvesting PeasPeas: Planting, Growing and Harvesting Peas
    How to grow peas in Arizona planting peas #peas #howtogrowpeasHow to grow peas in Arizona planting peas #peas #howtogrowpeas
    • Peas grow best planted directly outside in the soil. They have a fragile root system and it’s best to direct seed them.
    • To avoid pests and diseases, rotate where you plant peas each year and do not plant in the same spot more than once every 3-4 years.
    • Peas do best in loose soil that is not too high in nitrogen.
    • Plant pea seeds 1 inch deep and about 2 inches apart.
    • For square foot gardening grids, plant 9 peas per square.  


    3. Care for peas as they grow

    • Watering is important for delicious peas. Pea plants do not like to be soggy, but it is important not to let them dry out either. Provide regular watering, especially when plants are blossoming and producing pods.
    • Pea plants do not require, nor do they want, extra fertilization. Too much nitrogen results in lush green plants, but few peas. Peas require phosphorus; if your soil is low in phosphorus consider adding bone meal.
    • Pea roots are fragile and should not be disturbed. Do not dig around plants. To control weeds and preserve moisture, mulch pea plants when they are about 2 inches tall.
    How to grow peas in Arizona planting peas #peas #howtogrowpeas #squarefootgardeningHow to grow peas in Arizona planting peas #peas #howtogrowpeas #squarefootgardening
    Pea blossoms
    • Provide support for growing pea plants. Provide a trellis for all peas, including bush varieties.
    • Peas that grow on a trellis are more productive and less prone to root rot and other diseases

    The tendrils of peas reach out and love to climb. A stick in the ground near the plant allows shorter varieties to climb. Provide a tall trellis for climbing peas. Guide the tendrils to the trellis, and once attached the peas will climb it quickly.

    Pea tendril attaching itself to a trellis

    Vertical Gardening IdeasVertical Gardening Ideas

    Ten More Ideas for Vertical GardeningTen More Ideas for Vertical Gardening

    4. Be on the lookout for diseases that commonly affect peas

    Powdery mildew often looks like powder on the leaves and vines. Powdery mildew spreads easily. Read this article for prevention and treatment tips.

    Pick peas early in the day while temperatures are cool to slow the spread. Destroy infected plants and debris. Choose resistant varieties. Do not save seed for replanting.


    Fusarium wilt and other wilt diseases cause vines to dry out, yellow, and then brown and die.

    Plant resistant varieties and rotate where you plant peas (3-4 year rotation). Destroy infected plants and debris. Choose resistant varieties.



    5. Harvest peas early and often

    Harvest peas often to increase productivity. Do not leave overripe peas on the plant; if peas are not picked, this discourages production of new peas.

    At the end of the season, leave pods on plant until dry to save seeds if desired.

    • Harvest sweet peas when pods are round and bright green and shiny. Once pods become dull, they are fibrous and less sweet.
    • Harvest snow peas when peas are almost flat inside the edible pods.
    • Sugar snap peas are best harvested when peas are well formed but are still small inside the edible pod.

    Harvest peas with two hands; use one hand to hold the vine steady and the other hand to pull off the pea.

    When pea production ends, cut the plant off at ground level and (if disease and pest free) add stems and leaves to the compost pile. Leave roots in ground undisturbed, and as the roots decompose they will add nitrogen into the soil.

    How to grow peas in Arizona planting peas #peas #howtogrowpeas #squarefootgardeningHow to grow peas in Arizona planting peas #peas #howtogrowpeas #squarefootgardening
    King Tut Purple Peas

    Peas are sweetest when eaten fresh; the sugar in the peas turns to starch within hours of harvesting.

    Store peas for up to 5 days in the refrigerator in a paper bag placed inside a ziplock bag. Peas can be frozen or dried for later use, but the texture of the peas will change.  

    How to grow peas in Arizona planting peas #peas #howtogrowpeas #squarefootgardeningHow to grow peas in Arizona planting peas #peas #howtogrowpeas #squarefootgardening

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    Angela Judd

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  • Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting

    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting

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    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting

    Worm composting directly in the garden bed simplifies the process of vermicomposting. When you use in-bed vermicomposting bins, the worms live, work, reproduce, and make worm castings in the garden bed right where they are needed. 

    In-bed vermicomposting solves the problem of what to do with the worms during extremes of hot and cold. For example, vermicomposting in hot weather places (like the low desert of Arizona) is difficult unless you bring the worms inside during the summer months. With in-bed vermicomposting, the worms simply burrow deeper in the beds during the heat of an Arizona summer and then emerge again in the fall. 


    Disclaimer: This post contains affiliate links. See my disclosure policy for more information.


    How does vermicomposting work?

    Worm composting – also called vermicomposting (‘vermi’ = worm) – is the process of using worms for composting food scraps into vermicompost. Worms eat up to half their weight daily in kitchen scraps, and worm castings are the byproduct of all that eating. Worm castings = GARDEN GOLD!

    During digestion, the worms secrete chemicals that break organic matter into nutrition readily available for plants. Worm castings and the chemicals secreted during digestion make up vermicompost.

    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm CompostingVermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting

    What are the benefits of worm composting (vermicomposting)?

    • Vermicompost improves soil texture and structure and aerates the soil
    • Vermicompost increases the water-holding capacity of soil. 
    • The nutrients in vermicompost are immediately available to plants
    • Worm castings contribute to faster plant growth and higher production.
    • Worm castings are dense in microorganisms and nutrients.
    • The chemicals in worm castings help prevent “damping off” and other diseases.
    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm CompostingVermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting
    Worm castings from vermicomposting

    What is the easiest way to make and maintain a vermicomposting (worm composting) bin?

    A vermicomposting bin built into your raised beds, containers, or in-ground garden bed is the easiest way to make a worm composting bin. 

    No need to harvest the worm castings or move the worms inside for extremes of hot and cold temperatures. The worms live, work, reproduce, and make worm castings in the garden bed, right where they are needed. 

    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm CompostingVermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting
    Adding worms to an in-bed worm composting bin

    When should I add in-bed vermicomposting bins to by garden beds?

    Vermicomposting Made Easy_ In-Bed Worm CompostingVermicomposting Made Easy_ In-Bed Worm Composting

    If you live in a hot summer climate, do not add worms during the hottest months of the year. In the low desert of Arizona, the best time to add in-bed vermicomposting bins to your garden is from mid-September through May.

    When adding worms to your beds, nighttime temperatures should be in the 70’s (°F) (21-26°C).


    Which type of worms should I use for in-bed vermicomposting?

    Red wigglers are composting worms that hang out in the top six inches of your garden. “Earthworms” is a generic term for one of the hundreds of varieties of worms. If you dig them from the garden, they won’t stay in the compost level.

    That’s not bad, but they won’t hang out in the habitat we set up. Most bait worms need cooler temperatures than Arizona summers. If you buy nightcrawlers, you will probably lose them in June or July. We want all worms. Red wigglers will stay and live better, but no worm is bad.

    Purchasing red wiggler worms locally is the best choice. I get my worms from Arizona Worm Farm here in Phoenix. You can also buy them online.


    How do I make an in-bed vermicomposter (worm composter)?

    Supplies needed for in-bed vermicomposting:

    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm CompostingVermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting
    The 24-sheet shredder I use to shred cardboard for my vermicomposting bins
    • Bin (see options below).
    • Shredded cardboard – This shredder from Amazon will shred cardboard boxes (remove tape and labels first).
    • Kitchen scraps.
    • Worms – Red wigglers are preferred. The earthworms typically found in the garden aren’t suitable for vermicomposting.

    Bin options for in-bed vermicomposting:

    The bin helps designate a place in your garden for the worms to go. Choose one slightly smaller than the depth of your garden bed. There are several options:

    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm CompostingVermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting

    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm CompostingVermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting
    • A wire garbage can with wide openings is the simplest way to add bins to your beds.
    • Lifting the bin out of the bed is simple when it’s time to collect the finished worm castings.

    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm CompostingVermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting
    • Shape hardware cloth into a cylinder slightly shorter than the depth of your garden bed.
    • Wire the ends of the hardware cloth together.

    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm CompostingVermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting
    • 2-gallon bucket (with the bottom removed and holes drilled in the sides)
    • I used this drill bit (for drilling holes) and a Dremel (to cut off the bottom of the bucket).
    • If you use this type of vermicomposting bin, it is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED to remove the bottom of the bucket.

    Directions for installing and using an in-bed vermicomposting bin:

    Vermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm CompostingVermicomposting Made Easy: In-Bed Worm Composting

    1. Dig a hole in the garden bed the bin size.

    Place the bin in the holePlace the bin in the hole

    2. Place the bin in the hole.

    Fill the habitat with shredded cardboard, and wet it down. Allow cardboard to absorb moisture overnight. Fill the habitat with shredded cardboard, and wet it down. Allow cardboard to absorb moisture overnight.

    3. Fill the habitat with shredded cardboard, and wet it down. Allow cardboard to absorb moisture overnight.

    Add 300-600 red wiggler worms to the worm habitat. Add 300-600 red wiggler worms to the worm habitat.
    Begin feeding worms - see worm feeding details below.Begin feeding worms - see worm feeding details below.

    5. Begin feeding worms – see worm feeding details below.

    Cover the food scraps with a layer of Cover the food scraps with a layer of

    6. Cover the food scraps with a layer of “brown” materials. Examples: wood chips, dried leaves, soil, and shredded cardboard.

    Cover the worm habitat. I use a tile. They are very inexpensive and the right size for my habitat. You could also use a piece of wood. If you are using a bucket, the bucket lid works well. Cover the worm habitat. I use a tile. They are very inexpensive and the right size for my habitat. You could also use a piece of wood. If you are using a bucket, the bucket lid works well.

    7. Cover the worm habitat. Use a thick layer of wood chips. You could also use a piece of wood or a tile. If you are using a bucket, the bucket lid works well.

    Check back occasionally and add more food scraps. (Always top with brown). Remove any large pieces of uneaten food. Check back occasionally and add more food scraps. (Always top with brown). Remove any large pieces of uneaten food.

    8. Check back occasionally and add more food scraps. (Always top with browns). Remove any large pieces of uneaten food.

    When food scraps are gone and the bucket is empty, you can harvest the castings. (The worms will leave the bucket and be in the bed). Spread the castings around the garden bed. You can also leave the castings in place. When food scraps are gone and the bucket is empty, you can harvest the castings. (The worms will leave the bucket and be in the bed). Spread the castings around the garden bed. You can also leave the castings in place.

    9. When food scraps are gone, and the bucket is empty, you can harvest the castings. (The worms will leave the bucket and migrate to other areas of the bed). Spread the castings around the garden bed. You can also leave the castings in place.

    Begin the process over again, starting with fresh shredded cardboard, food scraps, and brown. No need to add additional worms. Begin the process over again, starting with fresh shredded cardboard, food scraps, and brown. No need to add additional worms.

    10. Begin the process over again, starting with fresh shredded cardboard, food scraps, and browns—no need to add additional worms.


    How to Become a
Self-Sufficient GardenerHow to Become a
Self-Sufficient Gardener

    How many in-bed vermicomposting bins should you have?

    I have one worm habitat in each bed. One habitat per bed is enough to get a continuous flow of microbes.

    You can add as many bins as you need to process your food scraps and waste, but you don’t need a high density of worms for a successful garden.

    Add at least 300 worms for each habitat. 600-800 is better, if possible.

    Worms multiply to fit the space and available food. In a big garden, worms will breed faster.


    What do worms eat?

    Good for feeding worms Avoid feeding worms
    Coffee grounds, grains, tea bags, vegetables, fruit, eggshells, paper Dairy, oily food, spicy food, meat, citrus, salty foods, alcohol, glossy paper
    Tips for feeding worms in vermicomposting binsTips for feeding worms in vermicomposting bins

    Tips for feeding worms:

    Tips for feeding worms in vermicomposting binsTips for feeding worms in vermicomposting bins

    Add equal amounts of greens and browns each time you feed.

    • Make sure worms have eaten previously added food scraps before adding more. Plan on feeding worms about once per week.
    • Cut or blend food before adding to bins. Smaller pieces of food break down faster and speed up the composting process. 
    • Cover with browns after adding food scraps (greens) to avoid attracting fruit flies
    • Remove large pieces of uneaten food. Pay attention to what the worms are eating and not eating. 
    • The bin’s interior should have the moisture consistency of a wrung-out sponge (damp but not overly wet). Spray lightly with a hose if necessary.
    • Cover with a thick layer of wood chips, or replace the lid on the bucket after feeding. 
    In-bed vermicomposting bins built into your garden simplifies worm composting. The worms live & make worm castings right in the garden beds.In-bed vermicomposting bins built into your garden simplifies worm composting. The worms live & make worm castings right in the garden beds.


    Frequently asked questions about in-bed vermicomposting:


    Question: I have a ton of black soldier fly larvae in both of my bins. Will they be detrimental to my red wigglers?

    Answer: Black soldier flies are unusual in the Phoenix metro area because it is so dry here. They won’t hurt the worms, and within two or three weeks, they pupate into harmless flies (the live fly has no mouth – the only stage of the insect that eats is the larvae) that die within a day or two.  

    The larvae are voracious eaters, so someone who finds them in the bin should feed much more than normal. If they put buckets or bins in the ground like your setup, they may observe fewer worms in their bucket or bin as the worms will move away from the heat the larvae produce.  

    The worms are fine and will return when the larvae leave. The larvae don’t bite – if someone wanted to remove them (easiest is with a kitchen strainer) and toss them, that is a fine option too.


    Question: I dug into two of the buckets to see how my worms were doing, and they were missing. Not a worm to be found in either bucket. Would you expect the worms to stay in that bucket full of compost, or have they perhaps left their original home and crawled around through the rest of my garden, maybe just coming back to the bucket for their meals?

    Answer: The worms go throughout the beds, and then some are in the buckets with the scraps. I’m guessing with the intense heat we are having, they are burrowing down as deep as they can go.


    in-bed vermicompostingin-bed vermicomposting
    Adding fresh shredded cardboard after emptying the bucket of the worm castings. The worms will return to the bins.

    Question: I have two guinea pigs, and feed them alfalfa hay, organic alfalfa pellets, and leafy greens such as romaine lettuce, spinach, swiss chard, and parsley. They produce a lot of waste (approximately 1 quart of waste hay and pellets daily). I read that I can add their waste and their waste hay directly to my raised bed gardens, which I have been doing and have been digging it in with a hand spade. Will red wiggler worms compost the guinea pig waste and waste hay?

    Answer: Red wigglers will eat guinea pig manure as it decomposes – and they will not eat anything that they don’t like until it decomposes enough for them to eat. A pound of worms will eat about a pound of waste a week. You will likely produce a lot more than that, but that’s not harmful either. The worms will eat what they want, and the rest will feed your beds as it has.  Your current process will probably produce good results – the worms will improve it.


    in-bed vermicompostingin-bed vermicomposting
    Full bin of food and castings. Let the worms complete the food before harvesting the castings.

    More frequently asked questions about in-bed vermicomposting:


    Question: How often do you have to add water to the compost buckets in Arizona heat?

    Answer: The beds get watered 2-3 times a week during the summer and about once a week in the winter. The buckets are in the middle of one of the watering grids in my beds, and get watered as well.


    Question: Can you add chicken poop to the buckets?

    Answer: You can, in small amounts. Too much will overwhelm the worms. Just mix the poop with bedding (anything that was a tree…leaves or shredded cardboard or mulch) and they will do great.


    Question: Do the finished castings seep into the garden through the holes in the bucket or does it need to be scooped out?

    Answer: Both. It is carried out of the bed by the worms movement. When the worms have completed the food scraps you can also scoop the castings out and spread them around the bed. You then begin the process again, adding fresh cardboard and food scraps. The worms will come back into the bin. 


    in-bed vermicompostingin-bed vermicomposting
    Red wiggler worms are perfect for in-bed worm composting.

    More frequently asked questions about in-bed vermicomposting:


    Question: How do the in-bed vermicomposting worms do during the summer? Is there anything special you do to keep them cool during Arizona summers so they don’t die?

    Answer: They burrow down into the beds and look for cool spots to stay cool. In-bed worm composting in Arizona is a great option for our hot summers. Beds should be at least 12 inches deep. 


    Question: Do you ever have problems with ants attacking the worms in the in-bed vermicomposting bins? 

    Answer: Ants don’t generally attack worms. By making the area a little moister, you can discourage ants and make the habitat better for the worms. You can use these ant bait traps


    Question: WIll in-bed vermicomposting work in containers?

    Answer: Generally, it will work fine. The challenge with worms in pots for most people is that they tend to let plants get root bound and there is less soil than the worms like. As long as you have organic material and space for them to move they will do great. You don’t need to bury a bin in the container. You can do the same thing if you just dig out a hole and put a lid on the hole.


    in-bed vermicompostingin-bed vermicomposting

    More frequently asked questions about in-bed vermicomposting:


    Question: Can worms eat bokashi compost?

    Answer: Absolutely. Done right, bokashi produces lots of microbes and breaks down waste to make it easier for the worms to consume.


    Question: My bed is raised completely off the ground, due to the previous owner PLANTING Bermuda grass (sigh). I’ve been reading that these sorts of beds are not a good home for worms since they may get too hot or drown. We are in Arkansas, so it doesn’t typically get above 100, the bed has good drainage, and has a soil depth of about 10″. Do you think worms would be OK to add or no?

    Answer: We never worry about drowning worms. They will find dry places to hang out. If she can grow vegetables, the worms will be fine. Fully-raised beds (off the ground) do tend to get hot. She should shade it in the summer, but they will probably be fine. The worst thing that might happen is they die over the summer and she has to add more in September when they start getting cooler nights.


    Question: Will chemical fertilizers hurt the worms?  

    Answer: In small amounts, probably not, but direct contact or a large amount could. The whole idea of worms is to let them convert organic materials into a natural source of nitrogen. The worms should reduce or eliminate the need for inorganic fertilizers. Chemical fertilizers such as inorganic nitrate salt will reduce the pH, but they also kill some of the microbes we like.


    in-bed vermicompostingin-bed vermicomposting
    Spreading worm castings around a raised bed garden.

    More frequently asked questions about in-bed vermicomposting:


    Question: Can I use earthworms or do I need to use red wrigglers for in-bed vermicomposting?  

    Answer: Red wigglers are composting worms that hang out in the top six inches of your garden. “Earthworms” is a generic term for one of hundreds of varieties of worms. If you dig them from the garden, they won’t stay in the compost level. That’s not bad, but they won’t hang out in the habitat we set up. Most bait worms need cooler temperatures than Arizona summers. If you are buying night crawlers, you will probably lose them in June or July. We want all worms. Red wigglers will stay and live better, but no worm is bad.


    Question: Can I feed my vermicomposting worms bread?  

    Answer: Yes. Grain-based items are fine (i.e., crackers, cooked rice, pizza crust, and bread). 


    Question: What do I do about cockroaches in my bins?  

    Answer: Cockroaches can be hard to eliminate completely, but the best bet is to aggressively cover the food waste with browns. Adding at least an inch of browns on top will help. 


    How to Compost: 10 Simple Steps for Composting SuccessHow to Compost: 10 Simple Steps for Composting Success

    Want more information about composting? This article shares 10 simple steps to get you started. 


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    Angela Judd

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  • When to Cut Back Ornamental Grasses: A Complete How-to Guide

    When to Cut Back Ornamental Grasses: A Complete How-to Guide

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    When to Cut Back Ornamental Grasses: A Complete How-to Guide













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    Niki Jabbour

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  • 39 of the Best Companion Plants for Camellias | Gardener’s Path

    39 of the Best Companion Plants for Camellias | Gardener’s Path

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    2. Astilbe

    When you mention shade-loving bloomers, you’re going to hear hostas, hellebores, and astilbe (Astilbe spp.). The fuzzy, vibrant spikes of flowers are just too incredible to pass up.

    These plants can grow anywhere from one to six feet tall, depending on the species.

    This perennial blooms from early to late summer, depending on the species, even in dense shade in Zones 3 to 9. They need hardly any attention to look their best, all while providing a colorful contrast to the summer green of camellias.

    A close up square image of 'Peach Blossom' astilbe flowers growing in the garden with foliage in soft focus in the background.

    ‘Peach Blossom’ Astilbe

    I personally think that ‘Peach Blossom’ is a particularly pretty hybrid, with its large, peachy feather-like flowers. You can bring one home from Nature Hills Nursery in a #1 container.

    Learn more about growing astilbe in our guide.

    3. Aucuba

    Aucuba (Aucuba spp.) are evergreen shrubs that grow six to 10 feet tall, with glossy leaves. They somewhat resemble laurels or camellias, and they like the same conditions, so the plants are often confused.

    A close up vertical image of the variegated foliage and red berries of Aucuba japonica growing in the garden.A close up vertical image of the variegated foliage and red berries of Aucuba japonica growing in the garden.

    But aucuba don’t have the showy blossoms of camellias, though they do produce pretty red drupes. What makes them stand out, though, is the fascinating foliage.

    The leaves can have cream or white splotches, spots, or other patterns of variegated color.

    While the japonica species is the most popular, any in this genus has something to offer those who live in Zones 6 to 9.

    Plant them near your camellias but far enough away that they’ll receive full sun.

    4. Azalea

    Azaleas (Rhododendron spp.) and camellias have very similar requirements but bloom at different times, so you can enjoy a colorful show for a larger portion of the year.

    Camellias bloom anywhere from late fall to midspring, while azaleas are performing in the spring, summer, or early fall, depending on the cultivar.

    Both plants like acidic soil with a pH somewhere near 5.5 and both tolerate semi-shade positions with around four hours of direct light per day.

    They both need about the same amount of water, typically when the top inch or two of soil has dried out.

    A square image of a 'Hino Crimson' azalea shrub in full bloom in the garden.A square image of a 'Hino Crimson' azalea shrub in full bloom in the garden.

    ‘Hino Crimson’ Azalea

    ‘Hino Crimson’ is particularly floriferous and eye-catching with its bold red blossoms. It’s available at Nature Hills Nursery in #3 containers.

    Azaleas grow in Zones 6 to 9, though there are a few that can tolerate life in Zone 5. The plants can range from a foot tall to over 20 feet tall, depending on the species or cultivar.

    If you choose a smaller one, you can plant it under your camellia, while larger ones can be planted nearby with some afternoon shade.

    Learn more about how to grow azaleas in our guide.

    5. Begonia

    Tuberous begonias (Begonia x tuberhybrida) are foot-tall winter bloomers that can add an additional punch of color underneath your camellias. They bloom at the same time and begonias will grow happily in the dappled shade of your shrubs.

    If you’re in Zones 9 or 10, you can enjoy the pairing and kiss the winter blues goodbye. Begonias will even bloom a bit before and after most camellias are flowering, so they’ll keep the performance going.

    A close up of a single 'Roseform Yellow' begonia flower growing in the garden.A close up of a single 'Roseform Yellow' begonia flower growing in the garden.

    ‘Roseform Yellow’

    What about something like ‘Roseform Yellow’ and its pretty yellow blossoms? You can find this option at Nature Hills.

    You can find our guide to growing tuberous begonias here.

    6. Bergenia

    You have to be really careful when you pick a type of bergenia (Bergenia spp.) because most species grow in Zones 4 to 6 and others can grow up to Zone 9.

    At 18 inches tall, they can grow under or next to your camellias in part to full shade.

    If you want them to complement your camellia, you need to pick one that is compatible with your growing zone.

    For instance, B. cordifolia ‘Winter Glow’ is good to go in Zones 3 to 8 and when the fuchsia-red flowers aren’t present, the bronze foliage will draw the eye.

    A square image of the pink flowers of 'Winter Glow' bergenia pictured on a soft focus background.A square image of the pink flowers of 'Winter Glow' bergenia pictured on a soft focus background.

    ‘Winter Glow’ Bergenia

    Sound good for your garden? You can bring one home from Nature Hills Nursery.

    You can learn more about how to grow bergenia in our guide.

    7. Bleeding Heart

    Bleeding hearts (Lamprocapnos spectabilis and Dicentra spp.) are such delicate, subtle woodland plants.

    I have some Pacific bleeding hearts (Dicentra formosa) under some of my camellias that I’ve pruned into a tree shape, and their sweet early spring blossoms never fail to make me smile.

    Because they tolerate a good deal of shade, they can be planted under or next to your camellias where they will be protected from harsh sun.

    I think they’re all the more special for how short their blooming season is. You can find bleeding hearts for Zones 3 to 9 in colors like pink, red, purple, and white in sizes up to four feet tall.

    A close up of Dicentra 'King of Hearts' growing in the garden in full bloom.A close up of Dicentra 'King of Hearts' growing in the garden in full bloom.

    ‘King of Hearts’ Bleeding Heart

    Or how about something in both pink and purple with a hint of white? That’s what ‘King of Hearts’ has.

    The blossoms form in tight clusters and last for a long time. Nab a bare root from Burpee.

    Check out our guide to growing bleeding hearts to learn more.

    8. Bugleweed

    The great thing about bugleweed (Ajuga spp.) is that you’d be hard pressed to find a place where this mint relative won’t grow. If you need something tough and reliable with pretty purple flowers, this is one to pick.

    A close up horizontal image of blue bugleweed flowers pictured on a soft focus background.A close up horizontal image of blue bugleweed flowers pictured on a soft focus background.

    Just be aware that its gregarious nature can be a bit overbearing. It might want to spread into your lawn and other parts of your garden in Zones 4 to 9 if you aren’t careful.

    Still, the pretty bronze-green leaves and purple flowers might just be a welcome addition wherever it creeps.

    Because bugleweed only grows about six to nine inches tall, it’s perfect as a carpet on the south side of the camellia, since it needs partial sun. It will probably spread underneath the plant, but start on the south side and see where it wants to go.

    Home Depot carries this enthusiastic plant in packs of six.

    If you just don’t want to have to weed underneath your camellias anymore, you’ve found the answer.

    9. Coral Bells

    I can’t get enough of coral bells (Heuchera spp.). Like most plants primarily grown for their foliage, they tend to be overlooked for something that can put on a showier performance.

    Don’t ignore these plants, though. The foliage can have such fascinating patterns that they might as well be flowers.

    Most species grow in Zones 4 to 9, though you can find outliers, and they’re just as happy in full sun as full shade, depending on the cultivar.

    I truly don’t know how they can be so adaptable. Plant them under or next to your shrubs, depending on your needs and the cultivar you choose.

    A close up square image of the deep purple foliage of Heuchera 'Spellbound' coral bells plants.A close up square image of the deep purple foliage of Heuchera 'Spellbound' coral bells plants.

    ‘Spellbound’ Coral Bells

    You’ll be spellbound by the rose purple, heavily ruffled leaves of ‘Spellbound.’ You can buy it at Nature Hills in a #1 container.

    Learn more about growing heuchera in our comprehensive guide.

    10. Crabapple

    Let’s hear it for crabapples (Malus spp.). They put on a killer floral display in the spring, are much tougher than their apple cousins (and crabapples are also edible!), and they’ll happily grow paired up with camellias.

    You can find petite options around seven feet tall that will act as a centerpiece to the shrubby frame when planted in front of a row of large camellias or go for a larger option to plant nearby.

    Full-sized trees grow about 20 feet tall. Anyone in Zones 4 to 8 can enjoy these pretty trees.

    A close up square image of the bright pink flowers of 'Show Time' crabapple pictured in bright sunshine.A close up square image of the bright pink flowers of 'Show Time' crabapple pictured in bright sunshine.

    ‘Show Time’ Crabapple

    If you want a crab apple that puts on a seriously impressive performance, check out ‘Show Time.’

    Available at Fast Growing Trees in a variety of sizes, it has huge, double blossoms in a gorgeous pink hue.

    Learn more about growing crabapples in our guide.

    11. Cyclamen

    I hear what you’re saying, cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum) are only hardy in Zones 9 to 11. There’s only a tiny growing zone overlap with camellias.

    While that’s true, cyclamen are fabulous as foliage annuals, or you can dig them up at the end of the growing season and grow them as houseplants.

    A horizontal image of pink and white bicolored cyclamen flowers growing in the garden pictured on a soft focus background.A horizontal image of pink and white bicolored cyclamen flowers growing in the garden pictured on a soft focus background.

    Those that can enjoy both will have a vibrant winter display, with cyclamen blooms covering the ground and camellias covering the vertical show.

    Otherwise, let the striking foliage add a pleasing element to the area surrounding or underneath your camellia shrubs.

    Since they only grow between six to 18 inches tall, they can serve as a colorful carpet or a side addition in a shady area.

    Bring home a five pack of bulbs with silver and green variegated foliage and purple-pink blossoms from Home Depot.

    12. Daffodil

    If you want some bright color underneath a tree-shaped camellia, you can’t go wrong with daffodils. Imagine some frilly ‘Erlicheer’ blooming at the same time as your camellias.

    ‘Erlicheer’ has fragrant, white and cream flowers that grow up to 16 inches tall and can be had in packs of ten, 20, 50, 100, 500, or 1,000 at Dutch Grown.

    A close up of the creamy white blooms of 'Erlicheer' daffodils growing in the garden.A close up of the creamy white blooms of 'Erlicheer' daffodils growing in the garden.

    ‘Erlicheer’ Daffodils

    Or, if you want a more classic display that will last for months, grab Dutch Grown’s Eight Weeks of Daffodils pack, which contains a mix of cultivars that take turns blooming, with early, mid, and late flowering types.

    A close up square image of a mass planting of yellow daffodils.A close up square image of a mass planting of yellow daffodils.

    Eight Weeks of Daffodils

    It’s available in quantities of 50, 100, 500, 1,000, or 5,000 bulbs.

    One of the big differences between the growing requirements of daffodils and camellias is that daffodils really must have full sun to bloom beautifully, though you might get away with a tiny bit of shade. For that reason, they’re best kept on the south side of your shrubs.

    Otherwise, they do well with the same water and pH needs as camellias, and they grow in Zones 3 to 8.

    You can learn more about growing daffodils in our guide.

    13. Deutzia

    I’m so happy that deutzia (Deutzia spp.) is finally gaining some attention from home gardeners.

    These plants have such marvelous white or pink blossoms in the early spring, covering them so densely that you can hardly see the foliage.

    And speaking of foliage, it turns chartreuse or gold in the fall, adding yet another layer of interest when your camellias are in their summer cloak.

    A close up horizontal image of white deutzia flowers growing in the garden.A close up horizontal image of white deutzia flowers growing in the garden.

    Deutzia grows in Zones 5 to 8 and need full sun to look their best, so don’t let your camellia plants shade them.

    Plant them nearby on the east, west, or south side – but avoid the north side. Depending on the species, they can grow from one to 10 feet tall.

    Visit Home Depot to pick up a live plant with cherry pink blossoms in a four-and-a-half-quart container.

    14. Dogwood

    Dogwoods (Cornus spp.) come in all shapes and sizes, but what they have in common are some spectacular blossoms and leaves.

    While you don’t want to shade a camellia too much or you’ll compromise the floral show, so long as you don’t plant your shrub right underneath your dogwood, they will be perfectly happy together.

    Or you can plant creeping dogwood (C. canadensis) aka bunchberry, and let it fill in around your shrubs. Both trees and shrubs can grow in Zones 5 to 9.

    These spring bloomers can overlap with the camellia bloom or they can take the baton as the flowers are fading.

    I have a dying walnut tree that is on its last legs. Once it’s gone, I am itching to replace it with a Mexican flowering dogwood (C. florida var. urbiniana).

    A square image of the flowers of a Mexican flowering dogwood tree.A square image of the flowers of a Mexican flowering dogwood tree.

    Mexican Flowering Dogwood

    The unusual flowers are like nothing else I’ve ever seen. If that particular tree interests you, visit Fast Growing Trees to pick up a three- to four-foot specimen.

    Or go with something a bit more classic, with the bright reddish-pink blossoms of C. kousa ‘Scarlet Fire.’

    A close up square image of the pink flowers of 'Scarlet Fire' dogwood pictured on a soft focus background.A close up square image of the pink flowers of 'Scarlet Fire' dogwood pictured on a soft focus background.

    ‘Scarlet Fire’ Kousa Dogwood

    This is a kousa dogwood and it can also be found at Fast Growing Trees in a four to five foot height.

    Our guide to growing flowering dogwood has more information.

    15. Fern

    You have a lot of options when it comes to ferns. There are at least 10,000 recorded species and a lot more that haven’t been identified yet.

    There are hundreds that are common in gardens. Find one that grows in your Zone and has the shape you want and go to town. Ferns will provide interest underneath even the tallest camellia.

    A close up horizontal image of fern foliage growing in a shady spot.A close up horizontal image of fern foliage growing in a shady spot.

    I personally have maidenhair ferns (Adiantum pedatum) and sword ferns (Polystichum munitum) under my camellias, but cinnamon (Osmundastrum cinnamomeum) or lady ferns (Athyrium filix-femina) would be awesome choices, as well.

    Learn more about growing ferns in our guide.

    16. Flowering Cherry

    Ornamental cherries (Prunus spp.) are spring royalty. There are festivals, parades, and ceremonies all dedicated to the joy of the spring bloom.

    Combine that with a camellia draped in a cloak of flowers and you’ll have a spectacular display. You’ll be looking forward to spring all year long.

    Pick a small weeping type to grow in front of some tall camellia shrubs or go with something taller and place your shrubs nearby. Flowering cherries grow well in Zones 5 to 8.

    A close up square image of the pink flowers of Weeping Extraordinaire flowering cherry.A close up square image of the pink flowers of Weeping Extraordinaire flowering cherry.

    Weeping Extraordinaire™ Flowering Cherry

    You can’t go wrong with any of the beautiful options out there, but Weeping Extraordinaire™aka ‘Extrazam’ is a showstopper. The fluffy, frilly pink blossoms are stunners.

    Visit Fast Growing Trees for a four- to five- or five- to six-foot tree.

    Learn all the ins and outs of growing flowering cherries in our complete guide.

    17. Foamflower

    I’m all for adding native species to our gardens when possible, and foamflower (Tiarella cordifolia) is native to eastern North America that dazzles with masses of pinkish-white blossoms that look like seafoam floating through your garden.

    The plants reach one to two feet tall.

    A close up horizontal image of foamflower in full bloom in the garden pictured on a soft focus background.A close up horizontal image of foamflower in full bloom in the garden pictured on a soft focus background.

    They bloom in the spring and are hardy in Zones 3 to 8, but what I like best is that they perform wonderfully in full shade.

    That means you can fill in the empty space underneath your shrubs with something that will blossom when your camellias are wearing their green outfit.

    18. Fuchsia

    Whether you place a few hanging baskets near your camellia shrubs or plant some low-growers underneath, fuchsia (Fuchsia spp.) make a striking contrast to the green camellia leaves with their bright blossoms that last through spring, summer, and fall.

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    Kristine Lofgren

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  • 4 reasons to hold off on fall garden cleanup

    4 reasons to hold off on fall garden cleanup

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    For no good reason at all, there is still an annual debate about when you should clean up your garden. Well debate no more, because as far as I’m concerned, the answer is that you should do what’s best for you. But there are some compelling reasons to sit tight until spring to clean up your garden.

    allium millennium standing for fall

    Allium ‘Millennium’ holds up all winter with golden yellow, hollow stems, that are friendly to overwintering insects.

    1.SUPPORT YOUR GARDEN’S ECOSYSTEM

    Letting plants stand for winter provides a host of benefits for the critters that you share your garden with (whether you realize they are there or not). Birds forage from seedheads, mammals find shelter, and insects hole up in nooks and crannies, or hollow stems. A thriving ecosystem is a boon for any garden, not to mention the environment in general.

    Those same alliums look even better with bit of frosting-like snow.

    2. BEAUTIFUL WINTER INTEREST

    “Dead” plants can be beautiful. Shades of yellow and brown that catch the sun just so accent textures that rise above dull, dormant lawns or snow. Snow sits on seed heads like adorable little caps. OK, maybe that’s all a little romantic, but if you’ve ever toiled through a long, bleak winter, you know that anything that makes the gray outdoors a little bit more interesting is a good thing. Your plants are up for the job.

    Ornamental grasses like this Calamagrostis ‘Karl Foerster’ offer all the benefits of other plants left to stand over winter, with the addition of movement.

    3. YOUR PLANTS WILL THANK YOU

    Snow is an excellent insulator, and anytime there is a big shift in temperatures in winter, plants fare much better with a blanket of snow protecting them from those extremes. Standing plant material helps snow collect around the crown of a plant—the most delicate part—and adds extra protection on the root zone. And when temperatures start warming, that snow melts and provides a nice drink for plants.

    Early snowfall? Take it as one more sign to hold off until spring to clean up the garden.

    4. IT’S EASIER

    Embrace your inner lazy gardener and take the easy way out by cleaning up in spring. There’s less plant material to clean up in spring as some has been dealt with by animals or simple already broken down into a state that doesn’t need cleaning up. The plant material that is left tends to be light, crispy and brittle so it can over simply be broken off and should it need to be moved, it’s much lighter than it was in spring. You can leave the wheelbarrow parked behind the garage if you employ the “chop and drop” method in which you simply chop the standing material up into pieces and let it lie where it lands. 

    From a functional standpoint, it’s a perfect mulch, returning nutrients right back to where they came from, covering the soil around plants and quick to break down. It lacks a bit in the aesthetics department, but since it breaks down quickly it doesn’t take long for the garden to look perfectly tidy again, especially as new foliage covers the worst bits. 

    There’s no law that says you have to choose the same strategy for your entire garden. I like to do a pretty thorough cleanup on any parts of the garden that immediately border a walkway or patio that will need to be shoveled when the snow flies. If there are plants that have flopped over in an unappealing fashion, I don’t feel bad given them the chop in fall. 

    So plant some bulbs, pick some apples or carve some pumpkins. Enjoy autumn without stressing over having to clean up the garden. 

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    Erin @ The Impatient Gardener

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  • Growing Ficus Tineke: How To Care For The Tineke Rubber Plant

    Growing Ficus Tineke: How To Care For The Tineke Rubber Plant

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    What is a Ficus Elastica Tineke? The Tineke is a select variety of Ficus elastica and a “new” highly variegated rubber plant on the market. In this article, we’ll share what your plant needs for proper care of Ficus tineke.

    Variegated foliage of ficus elastica var. "Tineke" houseplant.Pin
    Variegated Ficus “Tineke” houseplant | Maritxu22-DepositPhotos

    Quick Ficus Tineke Care Tips

    • Botanical Name: Ficus elastica ‘Tineke
    • Common Name(s): Rubber Plant Tineke, Variegated rubber Tree, Tineke rubber plant
    • Synonyms: Ficus Tineke, Ficus elastica variegata
    • Family & Origin: Moraceae family, native to Southeast Asia, India and Indonesia
    • Growability: Easy to grow
    • Grow Zone: USDA zones 10-11
    • Size: Grows to 2-10′ feet tall indoors and 5′ inches wide
    • Flowering: Rarely flowers indoors
    • Light: Bright, indirect sunlight
    • Humidity: Prefers high humidity
    • Temperature: 60-75° degrees Fahrenheit
    • Soil: Well-draining soil
    • Water: Water when the top inch of soil dries out
    • Fertilizer: Diluted liquid fertilizer once a month during growing season
    • Pests & Diseases: Mealybugs, spider mites, scale insects, root rot
    • Propagation: Stem cuttings and air-layers
    • Plant Uses: Air purifier, decorative floor plant

    Ficus Elastica Tineke Care- The Basics

    Size and Growth Rate

    Ficus Teneke grows as small indoor plants reaching 2′ – 10′ feet tall tree or bush. Growing outdoors in USDA Hardiness Zones 10b to 11, trees can reach 50′ feet tall and more.

    Tineke rubber tree displays striking variegation of cream to almost white and green leaves. The mature glossy leaves of Tineke reach up to 12″ inches long and 5″ inches wide. The sheath at the top of the stem is also a deep burgundy-red color. Some suggest the distinctive color of the leaf looks almost like watercolor.

    The burgundy rubber tree is a fast-growing Ficus. Variegated Ficus has less chlorophyll and grows at a slower pace.

    Flowering and Fragrance

    Varieties of ficus elastica’ do flower. But only flower when grown outdoors in their native home of Malaysia, Java, or the Himalayas. Flowering indoors is a rare occurrence. When Ficus elastica tineke does flower, they are simple white blooms.

    Its minimal fragrance only attracts fig wasps and no other kinds of pollinators.

    Rubber Plant like Tineke and its Lighting RequirementsRubber Plant like Tineke and its Lighting RequirementsPin

    Ficus Tineke Light Requirements and Temperature

    The ideal Ficus elastica Tineke does best indoors with bright, indirect light. In lower light conditions, new leaves produce less creamy variegation. Plants also are less likely to produce new healthy growth.

    • If the leaves are losing their variegation, move your Tineke plant to a location with a bright lighting source.
    • Indoors maintain an average room temperature above 55° degrees Fahrenheit of warm temperatures and moderate humidity level and hours of soft morning sunlight. Consider adding an essential humidifier to increase humidity in some region that remains warm.
    • Remember, too much light can scorch the foliage of Tineke Rubber plants. In contrast, too little light may mean duller colors and less variation from dry heat.
    • Ficus Tineke can be finicky to temperature. It does not tolerate inconsistent temperatures. Weather changes such as sudden temperature drops, cold drafts, and dry conditions will affect your ornamental plant.
    • On the flip side, if your leaves are crispy and have brown spots, your plant may be too dry or get too much sun exposure.

    How to water and feed Ficus Tinekes: Watering Needs

    The popular rubber Tineke is a relatively low-maintenance houseplant. Prevent overwatering rubber plants.

    If the roots sit in excess water, they can suffer from root rot, and fungus gnats can become an issue. Allow the top one inch of soil to dry out before watering once every one to two weeks again.

    The indoor tinekes will still seek deep watering according to the natural growing season. Water your plant more during the summer months and scale back during the winter weeks for perfect balance.

    Using Fertilizer

    Feed your new Ficus species monthly during warm temperatures. Use a half-strength balanced liquid fertilizer.

    Potting, Soil, And Transplanting

    The tineke variegated rubber tree plant thrives in light, well-draining, moist soil. It can tolerate heavy clay, sandy, loamy, or dry soil. Remember to use a pot with drainage holes.

    When transplanting, pick a pot that’s only a little larger in diameter than the original one. Selecting a pot too big can cause common problems with retaining excessive moisture and soggy roots. Choose a well-draining potting mix. Elastica plants like to be slightly potbound.

    It does well in either acidic or alkaline soil. Regardless of the Ficus variety, these plants will grow indoors. Do not overpot. Your Tineke Rubber plant should be fine in the pot you’ll want to purchase for a year.

    If your plant gets top-heavy, use a cachepot to keep the top-heavy rubber tree from falling over.

    Repotting is important to allow the roots to grow continually. Plus, a fresh rich soil mixture will rejuvenate the plant. When repotting, repot during the early spring. Ficus shows shock by dropping leaves.

    Ficus Elastica Tineke rubber plant leaves up close.Ficus Elastica Tineke rubber plant leaves up close.Pin

    Tineke Rubber Tree Pruning and Maintenance

    As houseplants, the tineke rubber tree will not need much grooming. Mature plants may need perfect pruning to maintain their shape or remove unwanted branches.

    To achieve a bushier, fuller, and more impressive shape, prune the primary branches of your Rubber plant tineke.

    For a more slender tree-like appearance, do not prune. Using a clean, sharp blade, cut off a six-inch portion of a healthy branch just above a leaf node.

    Large rubber plant leaves collect dust. From time to time, clean the thick, waxy leaves with a damp cloth on a pebble tray.

    As a beginner houseplant enthusiast, your potted Rubber tropical species tree tineke may grow aerial roots that grow above ground when it gets larger.

    One of the fast-spreading roots helps stabilize the tree but isn’t necessary. Removing these aerial roots will not damage your plant. It starts with picking healthy-looking stems and then making a clean, sharp cut.

    As for the plant growth, foliage lower on the plant will drop off to focus energy on newer growth. Although some leaf growth is lost naturally, letting your plant get too dry can kill off the plant.

    Propagating Ficus Tineke

    Ficus elastica Tineke is easy to propagate. You don’t create a new Ficus Tineke Rubber Tree by air layering. But, this propagation method is intricate and needs some skill to get it right.

    The process is easy but can get messy due to the milky sap it oozes when cut. But propagating ficus tineke from stem cuttings makes rooting new variegated rubber plants easy.

    • Choose a branch to propagate and take a cutting about 12″ inches long.
    • Remove the lower oval leaves.
    • Apply a rooting hormone to the base of the tip-cutting.
    • Place into a new pot filled with well-draining soil.
    • Water and place a plastic bag over the pot to create an artificial greenhouse. A soda bottle works well, too.
    • Place your new cutting in a bright, warm room in front of a south- or west-facing window near the outdoors. No direct sunlight from east-facing window.
    • New roots should form in 30-60 days.
    • Once your new Ficus is well established, repot into a larger 6″ pot.

    NOTE: The sap of Tineke Ficus can cause skin irritation

    Variegated rubber plant - is it toxic?Variegated rubber plant - is it toxic?Pin

    Ficus Tineke Plant Pests or Diseases

    The biggest challenge for variegated plants like Tineke are prone to pests. Examples of pests are leaf and root mealybugs, aphids, plant scales, bugs, weedy thugs, and spider mites that need to be avoided.

    Like other rubber plants, Ficus Tineke is sometimes prone to fungal diseases such as Anthracnose.

    All variegated Ficus varieties seem to suffer from some form of brown spots on the leaves. What causes brown spots?

    • Too much direct light can burn leaves due to prolonged exposure.
    • Low humidity can dry the leaves.
    • Over-fertilizing can result in burns from salt buildup.

    Ficus Rubber Trees do not like changes. They like:

    Consistent Temperatures – When exposed to drops in temperature, they respond by dropping leaves.

    Moist Not Wet Soil – If the soil stays too dry and then stays wet. Roots become mushy and start to die. Leaves turn yellow and fall off.

    Bright indirect light – Ficus produces leaves based on the tropical light they receive. When the leaves do not “fit” the lighting conditions. The premature leaf drop will be on the leaves.

    To keep your Tineke ficus plant looking its best, don’t forget to dust the leaves with a microfiber cloth. Be aware and don’t forget to turn it on periodically.

    Provide your Ficus Tineke with consistent proper care for the best results.

    Ficus Facts

    Where Does Ficus Elastica Originate?

    Variegated ficus elastica originates in Southeast Asia, India, and Indonesia.

    Where Does Ficus Elastica Originate?

    The easy-to-find cultivar ficus tineke belongs to the Moraceae family. The plant’s genus name means “edible fig.”

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    Gary Antosh

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  • Jill’s New Zealand Garden, Part 2 – FineGardening

    Jill’s New Zealand Garden, Part 2 – FineGardening

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    We’re back in New Zealand today to see more of Jill Hammond’s beautiful garden. She has spent the last 28 years transforming a 7.5-hectare (18.5-acre) piece of land in rural Hawkes Bay, New Zealand. When she and her husband moved in, it was a completely bare piece of land, so she’s created this entire garden from nothing.

    The bank garden is on a slope, which allows the plants in the back to show off over those planted lower on the slope. There are melia trees (Melia azedarach, Zones 7–10) along the top, and the lower hedge is star jasmine (Trachelospermum jasminoides, Zones 8–10).

    garden bed with small trees and round shrubs‘Graham Thomas’ rose, birches (Betula utilis var. jacquemontii, Zones 5–8), and Pittosporum sheered into golf balls in the front

    vegetable garden with shrubsI love letting my elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum, Zones 3–9) go to seed—and so do the bees!

    garden bed with trees and pink flowersCrataegus laevigata ‘Paul’s Scarlet’ (Zones 4–8) and Bowles’s mauve wall flowers (Erysimum ‘Bowles’s Mauve’, Zones 6–9), with a hedge of ‘Six Hill’s Giant’ catmint (Nepeta ‘Six Hill’s Giant’, Zone 3 – 8) to the right

    large terracotta pots in front of garden bedsView down to the lower level, through ‘Blanc Double de Coubert’ rose hedges

    My husband built our daughters a playhouse years ago. It remains a well-loved feature. It is surrounded by Carex testacea (Zones 6–8) and Stachys byzantina (Zones 4–9). To the right you can see a ‘Grosso’ lavender (Lavandula × intermedia ‘Grosso’, Zones 6–10) hedge.

    stairs between two garden beds on a slopeThe garden is on many levels, so steps are a common feature.

    another sloped garden bed with shrubs and lots of pink flowersHere is another mixed bed, with burgundy lorapetalum (Loropetalum chinense, Zones 7–10) on the right. A weeping elm (Ulmus glabra ‘Camperdownii’ Zones 5–7) is still to come into leaf on the top level.

    garden bed of shrubs and white flowersView of the garden from the upper level, looking through to the potager garden

     

    Have a garden you’d like to share?

    Have photos to share? We’d love to see your garden, a particular collection of plants you love, or a wonderful garden you had the chance to visit!

    To submit, send 5-10 photos to [email protected] along with some information about the plants in the pictures and where you took the photos. We’d love to hear where you are located, how long you’ve been gardening, successes you are proud of, failures you learned from, hopes for the future, favorite plants, or funny stories from your garden.

    Have a mobile phone? Tag your photos on Facebook, Instagram or Twitter with #FineGardening!

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    GPOD Contributor

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  • Best Gardening Instagram and TikTok Accounts to Follow for Tips

    Best Gardening Instagram and TikTok Accounts to Follow for Tips

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    While progress in our gardens is very slow in comparison to our frenetic lives (a good thing and why many people garden), sometimes we need to problem solve without waiting—sometimes entire seasons—for nature to show us the answer. An Instagram or TikTok gardening account that dispenses practical pithy gardening tips can offer instant gratification. To help prevent mindless scrolling, though, we’ve curated our favorites that will both entertain and educate.

    Instagram

    @portageviewfarm

    Portage View Farm’s account is just so fun. Yes, homesteaders Jordyn and Kay live on a farm in Washington, but many of the issues they face will be familiar to home gardeners as well—like what to do with powdery mildew and when to harvest onions.

    @joegardener 

    Joe Lamp’l, the creator and host of Emmy-winning PBS series Growing a Greener World, has extensive knowledge of how the plant world works and how to garden with few (if at all) synthetic interventions. He looks at the garden as a whole, with soil health as the foundation to healthy plants. 

    @floretflower

    We are longtime fans of Erin Benzakein and her flower farm, Floret Farm, in Washington. On her Instagram account, you’ll get inspiration and growing advice in equal measures.

    TikTok

    @epicgardening

    @epicgardening Replying to @Jessica Diaz6922 My air layering technique worked and now I have a PERFECT clone of a rare yellow long neck fig. You can do this with almost any “hardwood” ornamental or edible tree as long as you follow the steps in the original video #garden ♬ original sound – Epic Gardening

    Kevin Espiritu started his gardening journey in 2013 and quickly became obsessed. His account features an extensive number of videos on everything from planting and pruning to saving seeds and cloning trees. And then there are the crow gifts. (It seems he has befriended some crows, who regularly air-drop presents like golf balls and pine cones to him.)

    @judybaogarden

    @judybaogarden How to grow a mango from seeds! 🥭 #mango #howtogrow #garden #urbangardening #urbanfarming #fyp #seeds ♬ original sound – JudyBaoGarden

    Mama Judy has been gardening for more than a quarter of a century—and her lush Florida garden, filled with tropical plants (think passionfruit vines and mango trees) has benefited from her hard-won wisdom and experience. And you can benefit, too, via her TikTok account.

    See also:

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  • How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates

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    Growing roses can be daunting, especially in Arizona, where the desert climate can be formidable for any plant. Although the summer heat can be challenging, growing beautiful roses is still possible. Learn how to grow roses in hot summer climates with these tips. 

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates

    Disclaimer: This post may contain affiliate links. See my disclosure policy for more information.


    Where to plant roses in Arizona and other hot summer climates:

    Choose a location in your yard where your roses can receive sunlight from morning to mid-afternoon with at least 6 hours of sun and afternoon shade. Avoid planting close to brick walls or heavily graveled areas where heat will radiate during the summer. 

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer ClimatesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates

    When planting, allow at least 3-5 feet (0.9-1.5 meters) between roses. Air circulation is crucial for roses. Check your specific type of rose for additional spacing requirements.  


    Rose planting tips for hot summer climates: 

    Select varieties listed as “heat-tolerant” when deciding which roses to plant. 

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates - Firefighters roseHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates - Firefighters rose
    Firefighters rose

    Firefighters rose on Fortuniana rootstock is a proven performer in hot summer climates.

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates - James Galway rosesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates - James Galway roses
    James Galway roses

    James Galway from David Austin is another rose that grows well in the low desert. 


    Leslie’s picks for the low desert of Arizona:

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates - Lady Bank's roseHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates - Lady Bank's rose
    Lady Banks rose

    Iceberg, Mr. Lincoln, Joseph’s Coat, Double Delight, Double Knockout, Sol Desire, Lady Banks, Miracle on the Hudson, Paradise, and Lavender Crush. 

    Joseph's Coat and Iceberg RosesJoseph's Coat and Iceberg Roses
    Joseph’s Coat and Iceberg roses
    Sol and Paradise RosesSol and Paradise Roses
    Sol Desire and Paradise roses

    When to plant roses in Arizona:

    Plant bare-root roses from mid-DecemberJanuary. Plant container-grown roses in the late fall, winter, and early spring. Avoid planting during the hot summer months. 

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer ClimatesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates

    How to plant bare-root roses: 

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer ClimatesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates
    • Soak the entire root in water before planting for at least 24 hours. Add a couple of drops of B-1 or Super Thrive to the bucket of water before soaking to stimulate growth. 
    • Cut soaked rose canes at an angle with a sharp pair of bypass pruners to about 10″ (25 cm) long with the nodes facing outwards.
    • Dig a hole 2’ (61 cm) deep and 2’ (61 cm) wide. 
    • Combine the removed soil from the hole with a raised bed mix (combination of coconut coir/compost/perlite). 
    • Fill the bottom of the hole with 6″ (15 cm) of the mix, spread the roots apart gently, and plant deep enough to cover the roots. 
    • Fill the remaining space with the leftover soil mixture. 
    • Pat soil firmly and top with a 4” (10 cm) layer of wood chip mulch and water well. 

    How to plant container-grown roses: 

    • Dig a hole 2’ (61 cm) deep and 2’ (61 cm) wide. 
    • Add a 6″ (15 cm) layer of aged manure to the bottom of the hole.
    • Combine the removed soil from the hole with a raised bed mix (combination of coconut coir/compost/perlite). 
    • Plant the rose in the center of the hole 2-3″ (5-8 cm) higher than the soil level to compensate for settling soil.
    • Backfill the hole with the soil mixture.
    • Top with a 4” (10 cm) layer of wood chip mulch and water well. 

    Planting roses in a container:

    Choose a container three times larger than the nursery pot, at least 15 gallons (56 liters) or largerFill the bottom of the pot with a high-quality potting mix (like the raised bed mix from Arizona Worm Farm) with some organic fertilizer high in phosphate—plant at the same level as the nursery pot. Fertilize container-grown roses once a month.

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer ClimatesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates

    Choose a location that receives afternoon shade for growing roses in containers in Arizona. They will heat up more quickly. Avoid using dark or black containers for growing roses, as they will absorb more heat. 


    How and when to water roses in hot climates:

    Roses are thirsty plants and require regular water, especially during the warmer months in hot summer climates.

    Water newly planted roses every day for the first week.  

    In the spring and fall, water roses 2- 3 times a week slowly & deeply. Make sure to penetrate the entire root zone. Water in the morning if possible. 

    During the heat of summer, water roses as often as every other day.

    In the winter, water roses about once a week or when the soil is dry. 

    Container-grown roses will generally require a bit more water. You can use a moisture meter to determine the water needed. The meter should always read “moist”. Be sure your containers have holes at the bottom for proper drainage. 


    How and when to fertilize roses in Arizona: 

    Begin feeding roses the 2nd week of February. Roses are heavy feeders and will require fertilizer every 6-8 weeks during the spring and fall. Use organic, high-phosphorus food (4-8-4) to increase blooming. Water well before and after fertilizing. 

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer ClimatesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates

    Avoid using fertilizer from June to August. Instead, at the end of May, add a 2″ layer of compost and worm castings at the base of each rose bush to equal about a 2′ diameter surrounding the bush. Then, top off with a thick layer of mulch.


    How and when to prune roses in Arizona and other hot summer climates:

    Pruning promotes the highest quantity and quality of blooms for the following season. An unpruned rose bush will still produce flowers, though they will be fewer and much smaller. 

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer ClimatesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates

    Winter rose pruning:

    Heavy pruning should be done during dormancy from mid-December through January. Focus on opening the bush’s center to allow sun and air flow circulation. Always cut at a 45-degree angle facing downwards. Seal the canes after cutting to prevent borers and other pests and diseases from entering. 

    • Remove all dead wood, crossing branches, touching canes, and non-producing canes.
    • Prune out about one-third to no more than half of the previous season’s growth length. 
    • Remove all suckers below the graft. 

    You can also size-control some roses during this period by cutting them back down to 18-24” (45-60cm). 

    Regularly deadhead and remove dried spent leaves throughout the growing season. Remove the dried flowers by cutting down to the next leaf with 5 leaflets.

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer ClimatesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates

    Late summer or fall rose pruning:

    At the end of summer, once nighttime temperatures are 70°F (21°C) or below, prune roses to encourage a fall flush of blooms. Prune out dead and diseased wood and any crossing canes. Prune all over lightly by about ⅓.

    To fall prune climbing roses, remove the long outward-growing canes. Shorten and selectively remove the lateral (sideways) branches. 

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer ClimatesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates
    James Galway climbing rose

    Apply additional mulch after the winter and late summer prunings. Mulch helps retain moisture and continuously breaks down as organic matter while improving the soil condition. 


    Adding shade during the scorching summer months can be beneficial and prevent stress and sunburn. 

    During the summer, do not prune or deadhead roses. Pruning tells the plant it’s time to grow. During the summer, roses should enter a dormant state and not push out new growth or blooms. Pruning also exposes the freshly cut stem, and that tender area is easily scorched.

    Expect that roses will not look their best during the hottest months of the year.

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer ClimatesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates
    Lady Banks rose climbing my chicken coop

    The abundant sunshine and low humidity are beneficial when growing roses in hot summer climates. Don’t be afraid to add roses to your landscape.

    Most importantly, remember to stop and smell your roses and share them with your friends and family to receive the whole experience of rose gardening. Enjoy! 

    How to Grow Roses in Hot Summer ClimatesHow to Grow Roses in Hot Summer Climates
    James Galway roses

    Thank you to Leslie Blanchard for contributing to this post. 

    Leslie has been gardening for as long as she can remember. She has an associate degree in Urban Horticulture, is a Certified Master Gardener, and has completed the Desert Landscape Certification School at the Desert Botanical Gardens.

    She’s worked at San Diego Zoo’s Botanical Garden and 5-star hotels all over the West Coast, caring for their tropical plants and flowers. She is the recipient of a Plantscape Industry Alliance Award. Leslie is the Head Grower, Garden, and Greenhouse Manager at Arizona Worm Farm. She offers garden consultations and finds great joy in helping people become successful gardeners. 


    If this post about how to grow roses in hot climates was helpful, please share it:


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    Angela Judd

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  • Tips For Growing Lemon Balm Indoors | Gardener’s Path

    Tips For Growing Lemon Balm Indoors | Gardener’s Path

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    Do you enjoy growing herbs indoors? You’re in for a treat!

    Lemon balm, Melissa officinalis, is known for its vibrant aroma, delightful flavor, and both culinary and medicinal uses. This herb is an excellent choice for beginner growers, thanks to its easy cultivation.

    The best part? You can grow this lemony-scented plant indoors year-round.

    A vertical shot of lemon balm (Mellissa officinalis) growing in a brown ceramic pot set on a wooden surface. The center and bottom of the image are both superimposed with green and white text.A vertical shot of lemon balm (Mellissa officinalis) growing in a brown ceramic pot set on a wooden surface. The center and bottom of the image are both superimposed with green and white text.

    We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. If you buy from one of our links, we may earn a commission.

    You can learn more about how to grow lemon balm outdoors in our guide.

    In this guide, we’ll look into some helpful tips that can help you with your indoor growing journey.

    Here’s what I’ll cover:

    Lemon Balm 101

    Lemon balm is a citrus-scented herb in the genus Melissa, part of the Lamiaceae (mint) family. 

    If you have ever grown mint, you’ll find that these two plants share many of the same growing requirements, so it’s kind of cool to think of them as cousins.

    A vertical image of a gardener holding a pot of Melissa officinalis on an urban balcony outdoors.A vertical image of a gardener holding a pot of Melissa officinalis on an urban balcony outdoors.

    This fast-growing herbaceous perennial has an upright growth habit of up to four feet tall in ideal conditions. Now, that’s as tall as my six-year-old!

    These plants also produce small charming clusters of white or pale yellow flowers that will bloom in the spring, summer, or fall.

    This herb typically thrives in USDA Hardiness Zones 3 to 7 when cultivated outdoors. However, our focus in this guide is on indoor cultivation, where these agricultural facts won’t hinder you from having this delightful herb at your fingertips year-round.

    Growing this herb indoors is a wonderful choice, due to its aggressive tendencies. When grown outdoors, each plant can spread up to two feet wide via underground rhizomes. Growing in containers can definitely keep that spreading in check!

    This herb grows well in well-draining, moist – but not wet – soil, with an ideal pH of 4.5 to 7.6. However, it can tolerate soil of all types.

    When grown indoors these plants thrive when they receive at least five hours of direct sunlight or bright, indirect light.

    In terms of temperature, this herb thrives in a range of approximately 65 to 70°F during the day, with overnight temperatures of around 55 to 60°F.

    As a herbalist, over the years of growing herbs for medicinal and culinary use, I’ve learned that many species don’t require a lot of fertilizing or pampering in general, when compared with some vegetable crops or fruit trees.

    This herb specifically is undemanding when it comes to fertilizer, but when grown in a container indoors, the requirements change a bit. We will speak on this more on that in a bit!

    Overall, this plant is pretty low maintenance and doesn’t require a lot of effort or attention.

    Getting Started

    Lemon balm care can differ slightly when growing outside in the ground versus inside in a container.

    Before you get started, you’ll need to choose a suitable container and soil for your plants.

    Choosing a Container

    If you are reusing a container, make sure to properly clean and sanitize it to prevent the spread of unwanted pathogens.

    You can start this process by washing it out with soapy water, and then follow up with disinfection. To disinfect, mix one part bleach with nine parts water to create a 10 percent solution and wipe the inside of the pot.

    A horizontal image of green lemon balm leaves growing in a rectangular green planter box outdoors.A horizontal image of green lemon balm leaves growing in a rectangular green planter box outdoors.

    I prefer to grow this herb in a large container. A container of about 12 to 18 inches in diameter and at least six to eight inches deep, equipped with one or more drainage holes at the base, is a suitable size.

    However, it’s worth noting that it can thrive in a smaller container of six to eight inches in diameter if space is at a premium.

    I recommend using clay pots, as they tend to dry out a lot quicker than plastic. This herb can’t stand wet feet and waterlogged roots.

    I am also a big fan of unglazed clay pots as they are sturdy – I am a pretty clumsy gardener, so sturdiness is the best for me! 

    While clay pots work for me, you may have different preferences when it comes to your container style, and that’s perfectly fine, too. So long as the pot has adequate drainage holes in the bottom, lemon balm will be happy.

    Soil

    Container soil must have excellent drainage to prevent waterlogged roots. Although this plant is tolerant of a variety of growing conditions, it isn’t too fond of standing water.

    Choose a commercial potting mix labeled for vegetables or herbs, which often contain ingredients like perlite or vermiculite to improve drainage.

    The potting mix should also be light and aerated to prevent compaction and root suffocation. Mixes with peat moss or coconut coir can help maintain good aeration.

    A vertical shot of a potting mix from Gardener's Supply Co. in an orange, white, and green bag, placed in front of a white background.A vertical shot of a potting mix from Gardener's Supply Co. in an orange, white, and green bag, placed in front of a white background.

    Gardener’s Supply Potting Mix

    If you need a recommendation, Gardener’s Supply Company sells 20-quart bags of potting mix that’s ideal for lemon balm.

    Lemon Balm Propagation Tips

    Like many herbs in the mint family, lemon balm can be propagated from seeds, via cuttings, or by purchasing nursery starts.

    Let’s go over each method briefly.

    From Seed

    When growing lemon balm from seed, you have the option to start the seeds directly in your chosen container or to use seed cells or smaller pots and transplant later. The choice completely depends on your preference.

    A horizontal shot of green lemon balm leaves and a clump of black seeds set on a white paper towel.A horizontal shot of green lemon balm leaves and a clump of black seeds set on a white paper towel.

    Whether you opt for seed trays or containers as your initial planting choice, the first step is consistent: sow the seeds approximately a quarter of an inch below the soil surface.

    In seed trays, it’s recommended to plant two seeds per cell, while in containers, you can comfortably plant four to six seeds. To ensure successful germination, maintain a consistent temperature of around 70°F.

    A horizontal shot of young lemon balm shoots being gently watered from above on an apartment windowsill.A horizontal shot of young lemon balm shoots being gently watered from above on an apartment windowsill.

    As your seedlings mature, you’ll eventually need to thin them out to maintain an ideal spacing of at least four to six inches.

    Thin to one plant per cell, or two to three plants per container, depending on the size. This thinning process is essential to provide each seedling with the room it needs to flourish and develop.

    In four to six weeks, when your seedlings have at least two pairs of true leaves, they are strong enough to be transplanted  into their main container homes.

    Need some lemon balm seeds?

    A square shot of green lemon balm leaves from overhead, with the white insignia of True Leaf Market in the lower right-hand corner of the image.A square shot of green lemon balm leaves from overhead, with the white insignia of True Leaf Market in the lower right-hand corner of the image.

    Lemon Balm Seeds

    You can find packets in a variety of sizes available at True Leaf Market.

    From Cuttings

    Just like with seeds, you have the option of setting your cuttings directly in your chosen container or using smaller pots for rooting and then transplanting later on.

    To get started, you’ll need a healthy plant that will serve as the source for your cuttings.

    When you take a cutting, select a healthy stem, and be sure to cut just below a leaf node, which is the point where leaves emerge from the stem.

    Aim for a cutting that is approximately three to five inches in length.

    A horizontal shot of green Mellissa officinalis cuttings growing in glass jars in front of a wooden background indoors.A horizontal shot of green Mellissa officinalis cuttings growing in glass jars in front of a wooden background indoors.

    Next, remove the leaves from the lower two-thirds of the cutting.

    While it’s optional, I like to dip the cut end in powdered rooting hormone. This works to boost the chances of successful rooting.

    You can plant multiple cuttings in the same pot, but be sure to provide about two to three inches of space between them. Alternatively, you can start each cutting in a two to three inch pot and transplant them to larger pots later.

    To create a favorable environment for root development, I like to cover the cuttings and pots with a clear plastic bag or plastic wrap, leaving some air space inside for the cuttings. This will create your own mini greenhouse effect.

    Just before putting on the plastic, insert a few small stakes or supports into your potting mix. This step ensures that the plastic does not touch the cuttings directly and the stakes can also help to keep your cuttings upright.

    To prevent the plastic from blowing away or shifting, you can secure it in place with rubber bands or twine around the rim of the pot or by gently securing the plastic with clips or ties.

    Over the next few weeks, once the cuttings have developed strong roots and new growth, they will be ready to be transplanted into their permanent containers.

    You can test if your cuttings have rooted by giving them a gentle tug. If there is a bit of resistance, it’s a sign that they have established good root systems.

    From Nursery Starts or Seedlings

    Once you have your nursery starts or seedlings ready, it’s time to prepare the container.

    To transplant your seedlings or nursery starts into their permanent container, begin by filling it with your chosen potting mix, leaving about an inch of space from the top of the pot to allow for watering.

    Before transplanting, it’s wise to water the nursery starts or seedlings a few hours in advance. This helps reduce transplant shock.

    Gently remove the plants from their original containers, being careful not to disturb the root system too much.

    If you find the roots tightly bound, consider using a knife to score the root ball gently. This makes it easier for the roots to spread out and establish themselves in their new home.

    Create a suitable planting hole in the potting mix of the prepared container. Make sure the hole is slightly larger than the root ball of each plant.

    Place the plant in the hole at the same depth it was previously growing. Fill the hole with potting mix, gently firming it around the root ball to eliminate air pockets.

    Thoroughly water the transplanted herb to help it settle into its new environment.

    Place the container in its intended location, providing the appropriate amount of light.

    Growing Lemon Balm Indoors

    Whether you’re short on space or have ample room to spare, you are sure to find an ideal spot for your indoor-grown herb.

    A horizontal shot of green lemon balm leaves growing from a pot on a sunny windowsill indoors.A horizontal shot of green lemon balm leaves growing from a pot on a sunny windowsill indoors.

    You can position the herb near a south-, southwest-, or east-facing window to ensure it receives a good amount of sunlight.

    You can also set it on a sunny windowsill, making the most of available natural light. Alternatively, use a plant stand or elevate it on a plant shelf.

    For those who love cooking with fresh herbs, the kitchen countertop is a convenient choice, ensuring easy access to its fragrant leaves. Consider a hanging planter to save space, or if you have a sunroom or glass-enclosed space, that’s perfect too.

    When it comes to watering, wait until the top inch of the soil feels dry to the touch before adding moisture.

    When cultivating this aromatic herb indoors, it’s best to water the soil at the base of the plant and avoid getting the foliage wet. Damp leaves can create conditions conducive to pests and diseases.

    Fertilizing

    Lemon balm growing in the ground will rarely need fertilizing, but when grown in a container indoors, this changes slightly.

    You can opt for a general purpose liquid fertilizer, or use fish emulsion. Dilute to half-strength and apply every four to six weeks.

    A vertical image of organic 2-3-1 fish and seaweed fertilizer from Neptune's Harvest in front of a white background.A vertical image of organic 2-3-1 fish and seaweed fertilizer from Neptune's Harvest in front of a white background.

    Neptune’s Harvest Fish and Seaweed Fertilizer

    Gardener’s Supply Company sells one-quart bottles of Neptune’s Harvest fish and seaweed fertilizer.

    Repotting and Dividing

    While dividing is usually done in the spring or summer, indoor container-grown plants are a lot more flexible when it comes to timing.

    If your herb has outgrown its container, you can divide your herbs into multiple pots at any time when overcrowding becomes apparent. Alternatively, you can simply repot your plant into a larger container to accommodate its growth.

    Container-grown herbs can often benefit from division when they become rootbound or when you want to create new plants.

    You can read our complete guide to dividing perennials here.

    Pests and Disease

    While lemon balm is generally unbothered by pests and diseases, there are some insects that can be prevalent in indoor settings.

    Aphids, mealybugs and spider mites may occasionally infest your plant. Fortunately, you can address these by thoroughly rinsing the plant with water using your sink or shower, as a means of dislodging the pests.

    Although less common in indoor situations, disease is not impossible, especially when the conditions are just right. An example of this would be wet leaves, hot and humid days, warm temperature and cold nights.

    Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that manifests as a white powdery coating on the leaves. It tends to thrive in regions with hot, humid days and cool nights. To prevent powdery mildew, ensure good air circulation and avoid overwatering.

    Regular pruning and harvesting can help prevent this infection. You can consider opting for the mildew-resistant cultivar ‘Citronella’ to avoid this issue altogether. 

    Along with powdery mildew, lemon balm can also fall victim to Septoria leaf spot, a fungal infection characterized by dark brown or black angular leaf spots.

    This disease is more likely to occur in warm, humid conditions.

    If you are ever in need of a fungal treatment for your plants, neem oil is a powerhouse at controlling these diseases, and it can help to eradicate the aforementioned pests as well.

    A vertical shot of a bottle of Bonide's Neem Oil in front of a white background.A vertical shot of a bottle of Bonide's Neem Oil in front of a white background.

    Bonide Neem Oil

    You can find Bonide neem oil available in quart- or gallon-sized ready-to-spray bottles, or as a concentrate available at Arbico Organics.

    Harvesting and Preserving Lemon Balm

    When grown indoors, you can enjoy fresh, aromatic leaves throughout the year.

    Before harvesting, wait until your plant reaches a height of at least six inches and displays a lush, healthy appearance with numerous leaves.

    Avoid harvesting from very young or stressed plants, as this can hinder their growth.

    A horizontal image of a gardener picking Melissa officinalis leaves from a flowerpot on a balcony outdoors.A horizontal image of a gardener picking Melissa officinalis leaves from a flowerpot on a balcony outdoors.

    Remember the “one-third rule” for indoor plants as well – never harvest more than one-third of the plant’s total foliage at a time to encourage ongoing growth and vitality.

    Opting for selective picking by harvesting individual leaves or pruning off stem sections, allows for them to continue producing new growth as well as help prevent legginess when needed.

    To maximize the flavor and aroma, it’s still good practice to harvest in the morning when the essential oils tend to be more concentrated.

    To enjoy year-round, consider preserving your lemon balm harvest.

    You can learn more about how to dry herbs in our guide.

    Alternatively, freezing is a convenient preservation method. Refer to our guide to freezing herbs for detailed instructions.

    Lemon Zest in a Pot

    Growing lemon balm indoors can be a rewarding and aromatic experience.

    While outdoor gardening is often season-dependent, your indoor plant allows you to savor its citrus-scented goodness regardless of the weather or the time of year.

    A horizontal close up of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) growing in an outdoor garden.A horizontal close up of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) growing in an outdoor garden.

    Are you growing this herb indoors? Let us know in the comments section below!

    And for more information about lemon balm, check out these guides next:

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    Alonza Simmons

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  • A Fall Tour of the Coastal Maine Botanical Gardens – FineGardening

    A Fall Tour of the Coastal Maine Botanical Gardens – FineGardening

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    Take a tour of the Coastal Maine Botanical Gardens and discover a meeting ground of natural beauty, expert design, and horticultural excellence. Nestled in the picturesque landscape of coastal Maine, this garden offers a symphony of colors, fragrances, and serene vistas that will surely captivate any nature enthusiast. In this video, director of horticulture (and frequent Fine Gardening contributing writer) Andy Brand takes us on a journey through three of his favorite gardens and gives insights as to what makes them unique. This tour barely scratches the surface of what CMBG has to offer, however, with its more than 300 acres and 16 unique gardens connected by well-maintained paths and trails. You can spend days at the garden and still find something new.

     

    Garden of the Five Senses

    CMBG’s Lerner Garden of the Five Senses is a sensory masterpiece, inviting visitors to explore the natural world in a unique and immersive way. This garden is thoughtfully designed to engage all five senses—sight, smell, touch, taste, and sound—so that differently abled visitors can enjoy a vast array of sensory stimulation no matter how they experience the world.

    Sight: This garden is a visual delight, with a kaleidoscope of colors and plantings that vary throughout the seasons. From vibrant blooms to the soothing greens of foliage, every corner of this garden offers something visually stunning.

    Smell: Fragrance is a central element in this garden. Aromatic herbs, scented flowers, and foliage with distinctive scents make this garden a paradise for olfactory exploration.

    Touch: Visitors can interact with various plant textures, from the velvety leaves of lambs’ ears to the rough bark of trees. Here they can explore the tactile aspects of gardening and learn how to incorporate different textures.

    Taste: The inclusion of edible plants adds another layer of sensory delight. The garden features herbs and vegetables, allowing visitors to sample nature’s bounty.

    Sound: This garden incorporates the soothing sounds of nature, from rustling leaves to the gentle trickle of water.

    As visitors meander through this enchanting space, they will discover a tapestry of textures, scents, and colors carefully selected to evoke different sensory experiences.

     

    Children’s Garden

    The Bibby and Harold Alfond Children’s Garden is a whimsical and enchanting realm designed to captivate the young and the young at heart. This charming space is thoughtfully crafted to engage children’s senses and curiosity. As soon as visitors enter, they are greeted by vibrant colors, playful structures, and a sense of wonder bound to make kids eager to explore. It’s an inviting setting where the world of plants and horticulture is made accessible and fun.

    The vegetable garden section is a great opportunity to teach kids about the wonders of growing their own food. Not only is it educational, but it also reinforces the idea of sustainability and the importance of knowing where our food comes from.

    A captivating “story barn” adds a literary touch to the Children’s Garden. It’s a place where storytelling sessions take place, making the experience not only visually stimulating but also intellectually enriching. References to children’s books by Maine authors are dispersed throughout the garden. Families can go on a literary “treasure hunt” to find them all.

    A central feature of the garden is a large pond where children can discover amphibious creatures among the aquatic plants. They can also pretend to pull in a Maine lobster cage off a dock and play with fishing poles. Another popular feature is the “whale rocks,” where water spouts periodically and kids of all ages can go to play and cool off.

    Haney Hillside Garden

    The Haney Hillside Garden is a hidden gem that combines the beauty of horticulture with the rugged charm of coastal landscapes. It offers a unique example of the art of blending plants and natural terrain.

    Situated on a steep hillside overlooking the stunning Maine coast, this garden is a testament to the creative potential of sustainable gardening in challenging environments. It showcases a harmonious coexistence between native vegetation and carefully selected plants, all while embracing the natural contours of the landscape.

    One of the garden’s key features is its meandering pathways that lead visitors on a captivating journey through a variety of terrains. From sun-drenched slopes to shaded nooks, the Haney Hillside Garden provides a diverse range of microclimates. The garden’s use of stone walls and hardscape elements adds a touch of elegance to the rugged beauty of the coast. In this garden you can see prime examples of incorporating stonework into landscapes, and how hardscape elements can complement the natural environment.

    The choice of plants in this garden is both strategic and inspiring. Native species are thoughtfully integrated, demonstrating how they can thrive and enhance the coastal landscape.

     

    See more:

    More garden tours from Fine Gardening

    Articles by Andy Brand, Director of Horticulture at Coastal Maine Botanic Gardens

     

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    Christine Alexander

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  • This Week’s Projects | The Survival Gardener

    This Week’s Projects | The Survival Gardener

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    To do:

    1. Weed, add ashes and manure, then mulch the Grocery Row Garden beds before the winter weeds take over
    2. Finish the woodwork on the bottom sides of the new greenhouse and add handles and cold-blocking overlaps to the doors
    3. Get a new weed torch and burn all the seed heads off the grass and weeds at the edges of the garden
    4. Finish the giant new three-bay compost pile block work
    5. Talk to local coffee shop about getting coffee grounds
    6. Figure out irrigation sprinklers for greenhouse
    7. Gather manure from pastures for composting
    8. Hang up new thermometer
    9. Work on Survival Chickens and Alabama Survival Gardening book projects
    10. Figure out proper licensing for Alabama nurseries wishing to sell in Florida
    11. Update reading list

    We’ve been running around too much lately and there are still a lot of projects that need finishing.

    The Grocery Row Gardens really don’t have anything for fall planted in them, since the weather has been horribly dry. We got once decent rain and then nothing else in two weeks, with nothing in the future. It’s been a terrible summer and fall for gardening, so we can’t over plant the pastures or put in much in the gardens. We do need to get the weeding done, which isn’t too bad due to lack of rain, because I see little green shoots coming up and the garden beds are going to look like this again as all the henbit shows up:

    The greenhouse should be finished today, once we do the woodwork, then we need to start moving our plants and propagating the tropical non-hardy stuff from the gardens (cassava, chaya, etc.) to keep it alive through the winter.

    My previous weed torch was accidentally run over by our farm truck and destroyed, so we need to get another one.

    The three-bay compost pile system we are building is just waiting on my son and his friend to finish the block work. It’s going to be huge, and beautiful. I can’t believe how expensive concrete has gotten, however!

    We’ve done nothing on book projects lately and that needs to change. I have two projects from two different authors that need to be finished this winter.

    As for our nursery, we need to figure out how to legally sell plants inside of Florida. Selling at a nearby flea market is okay, but if we could get closer to Pensacola I think it would be well-worth it.

    Lots of things need to be done, and done well. The weather is cooler now, and sufficient unto the day is the trouble thereof.

    We need to film more YouTube videos, too. It’s been 10 days since the last one…

    St. Isidore, pray for us.

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  • How to Effectively Use Soapy Water for Plants (Without Hurting Them!) – Garden Therapy

    How to Effectively Use Soapy Water for Plants (Without Hurting Them!) – Garden Therapy

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    Dish soap is one of those cheap, household ingredients that many gardeners claim have superpowers. But is that true? Can you use soapy water for plants? Does it actually kill aphids? Let’s get to the bottom of what dish soap is doing to your plants when you use it in your garden.

    I love reading the comments on the blog and places like Facebook, where all of us gardeners are helping each other out. Whether trying to identify why their plant is dying, when to plant their seeds, or identifying a plant in their garden, everyone is quick to collaborate with virtual gardening friends.

    In many of these comments, I have people sharing their gardening hacks, DIYs, and tricks they use to do everything from making their plants grow quicker to reusing household items.

    One I see mentioned all the time is using dish soap on plants as a form of insecticide. It comes up so much that I thought it was about time I talked about it!

    I use dish soap in my garden, but there’s a catch. It’s probably not the same kind of dish soap that you might feel inclined to use.

    Let’s talk about the effects of soapy water on plants. Here’s what you’ll learn in this article:

    how to use dish soap on plantshow to use dish soap on plants
    Dish soap can work in the garden, but only if it’s true soap and not a detergent.

    Make Sure You’re Using the Right Soap for Plants

    I want to take a second to clarify what I mean by dish soap. Most big brands like Dawn, Palmolive, and Sunlight are commonly referred to as dish soap.

    But they’re really a detergent. And the difference between soap and detergent is a pretty big one.

    Soaps are made out of natural oils and fats, while detergents are made from synthetic chemicals called surfactants. Both are effective at cleaning grime and grease, but one is more natural than the other.

    Popular dish detergents contain lots of surfactants, like sodium lauryl sulphate, which are laboratory-made foaming agents. They’re not great for the environment, as they take a very long time to biodegrade. They’re also difficult to filter through water, so they linger for a long time.

    If you’re spraying dish detergent in your garden, it can linger in your soil long after the rain has washed it off your plants.

    dish soap for plantsdish soap for plants
    Avoid using commercial dish detergents in your garden.

    Castile Soap for Plants

    So, what soap is safe for plants? I make my own biodegradable dish soap out of castile soap. This is a soap made from vegetable oils, traditionally from olive oil but now more commonly coconut or palm oil. It’s a potassium-based soap and completely natural as opposed to detergents. It’s a true soap, folks!

    You’ve probably seen Dr. Bronner’s castile soap as it’s the one more easily available. You can use this in your garden, but it must be diluted. More on that below!

    You also want to avoid using castile soap with fragrance or essential oils. You want pure, unscented castile soap only for your plants.

    castile soap for plants castile soap for plants
    Dr. Bronner’s baby soap is unscented and great for application in garden sprays.

    Will Dish Soap Kill Plants?

    If we use dish soap to clean our dishes and then eat off of them, they must be safe for our plants. Right?

    Dish detergents are known to remove plant’s natural waxes and oils that are used to protect the leaves. They’re a little too good at their job, potentially weakening the plants.

    The effects of soapy water on plants aren’t a sure science, but high concentrations of soap can certainly burn foliage. Anyone using DIY methods using dish soap as an ingredient should exert caution.

    Dish soap sprays for the garden should be highly diluted, consisting of only 2% dish soap. This means you’ll want only two teaspoons of dish soap per pint of water.

    Some plants are highly sensitive to any amount of soap, like sweet peas or cherries. You should always test a small area before applying the soap spray all over the plant.

    will soapy water kill plants will soapy water kill plants
    Try to spray insects on the leaves, rather than coating every and all leaves with the spray.

    Using Dish Soap as Insecticide

    The most popular reason to use soapy water for plants is an insecticide. While we’re not entirely sure how this works, the best guess is that it washes off some of the insect’s protective coating on their body, causing them to dry out.

    Soapy water for aphids is one of the most common uses, but it also works on other soft-bodied insects like whiteflies, thrips, and mites. However, it doesn’t work on larger pests like caterpillars and beetles. But this also means it is safe for most pollinators and large insects!

    I use dish soap (castile soap) in my pest deterrent spray. It makes the concoction stick to the insect or the animal, helping to keep them away from your plants.

    True dish soap (castile soap) works best when you directly spray the insect. It won’t be as effective if you’re spraying the plant, and we want to avoid getting soap on the plant as much as possible not to damage it. Turn over the leaves and coat the insects only as best as you can.

    Using Dish Soap for Fruit Flies

    Soap water works for more than just pests on plants but also for fruit flies.

    A while ago, I did a little experiment at my house with the fruit fly trap. I first made it when I had a ton of fruit flies in the kitchen. I filled my trap (you can see how I did it in this fruit fly trap tutorial) with water and apple cider vinegar, but I didn’t put any soap in the mixture.

    The fruit flies were able to fly right into the trap, but they weren’t dying. Instead, they were flying around within the trap until some of them eventually died.

    But when I added a couple of drops of dish soap, the fruit flies fell down into the liquid as soon as they touched this.

    Dish soap breaks the surface tension on the water, causing the insects to sink and drown. It makes the world of a difference when making a simple fruit fly trap at home.

    Since this concoction isn’t going on your plants, feel free to use any dish soap or dish detergent.

    materials for a homemade fruit fly trap including dish soap and apple cider vinegarmaterials for a homemade fruit fly trap including dish soap and apple cider vinegar
    You can make a fruit fly trap using materials you already have in your kitchen.

    Using Dish Soap and Vinegar in the Garden

    Another common DIY concoction is combining dish soap and vinegar, as well as salt, as a natural weed killer.

    I already talked about this in-depth in my post about using vinegar in the garden, but I’ll mention it again here. This is not a good alternative to simply picking weeds.

    Vinegar can be harmful to plants, soil, wildlife, and microorganisms. Yes, it can kill weeds, but it can also harm other things in your garden as well.

    Dish soap and vinegar sprays also have a tendency only to kill the leaves, not the root. So, the plant will likely return after spraying it.

    FAQs

    Will dish soap kill grass?

    Similar to how dish soap can strip essential oils coating plants, it can also damage grass if used in high concentrations. However, it’s not the most effective way to kill grass. It works best as an insecticide. If you have an infestation and want to use soapy water as a homemade insecticide, make sure you dilute the soap to about a 2% ratio with water.

    Do you rinse off insecticidal soap on plants?

    If you properly dilute the dish soap, you do not need to rinse it off your plants. That being said, I highly recommend you test out a few leaves and watch for any adverse reactions before spraying the entire plant!

    Why do people scatter soap in their yard?

    While I have not personally tried it, some people leave bars of scented soap in their yards to help repel unwanted pests. Just like dish soap, this can also be potentially damaging to plants. Instead, I suggest you try hanging bars of soap in your garden to repel plant-hungry animals like rabbits and deer. This homemade Irish Spring soap should do the trick nicely!

    So that’s how I use dish soap and soapy water for plants! Or, more accurately, very small, measured, and diluted concentrations of castile soap. Let me know if you have any more questions in the comments below.

    Other Common Household Ingredients to Consider

    Pin image for using dish soap and soapy water in the garden.Pin image for using dish soap and soapy water in the garden.

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    Stephanie Rose

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